JP4692917B2 - Image forming apparatus equipped with replacement unit, image forming system, and method of controlling image forming apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an image forming apparatus, an image forming system, and an image forming apparatus control method, and more particularly, to an apparatus in which an exchange unit is replaceably mounted on an apparatus body.

As an image forming apparatus, there is known an image forming apparatus in which a unit including consumables can be easily replaced by a user.
On the other hand, when the unit exchanged by the user is something other than a genuine product for the image forming apparatus, the performance of the image forming apparatus such as a deterioration in image quality cannot be fully exhibited, the operation cannot be guaranteed, or a failure, etc. May occur. This is because the image forming apparatus controls the image forming process in consideration of toner characteristics, image carrier characteristics, charging voltage, cleaning characteristics, fixing characteristics, and the like.

  Therefore, in order to maintain the image quality of the image forming apparatus and prevent problems, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-228561, a genuine carrier part is provided with a data carrier that holds consumption amount data of consumables, and is provided in the apparatus main body. A method is disclosed in which the amount of consumption detected by the amount detection unit is compared with the amount of consumption data held by the data carrier to determine whether or not the genuine replacement part has been replenished.

Further, in Patent Document 2, a storage unit for storing predetermined code data is provided in the toner cartridge, and copying is prohibited when the copier body side cannot read the predetermined code data from the storage unit. It is disclosed.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-228561 discloses a method for displaying a warning and prohibiting printing when empty information written in a cartridge when toner out is detected is read from a cartridge supplemented with toner.

Further, in Patent Document 4, the count of the created image is stored in the memory of the cartridge, and when the preset end count indicating the number of images that can be created with the cartridge is equal to the count of the created image, the cartridge is thereafter referred to. A method of disabling is disclosed.
Further, in Patent Document 5, it is determined that the mounted toner supply container is incompatible and is incompatible by bidirectional communication between the container side communication means of the toner supply container and the main body side communication means of the apparatus main body. If the selection input means selects to continue the replenishment process while ignoring the image, the image forming condition is set to a level lower than the appropriate image forming condition, and it is easy to find out that the toner replenishing container is incompatible. A method is disclosed.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-133528 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-149051 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-100598 Japanese Patent No. 2602341 Japanese Patent No. 3476704

  The present invention provides an image forming apparatus, an image forming system, and an image forming apparatus control method capable of using a replacement unit other than a genuine product, even if a replacement unit other than a genuine product is mounted. This is the first purpose. A second object of the present invention is to provide an image forming apparatus, an image forming system, and an image forming apparatus control method capable of smoothly switching the operation mode associated with the replacement of the replacement unit.

In order to achieve the above object, an image forming apparatus according to the present invention includes an apparatus main body, a toner cartridge that is replaceably mounted on the apparatus main body, and an image density setting for a toner usage corresponding to a genuine toner cartridge. And an image density setting for another toner usage different from the image density setting for the toner usage corresponding to the genuine toner cartridge. Input means, control means for controlling the image density setting for the toner usage selected by the input means, and after the toner cartridge is mounted by the input means before the mounted toner cartridge is replaced. when the image density setting for toner usage is selected for the toner cartridge, select And a reservation receiving unit for receiving the image density set as reserved for toner usage that is, the toner which the stored in the toner cartridge is a genuine one, stored in the toner cartridge is other than the genuine toner And the control means, when developing with toner stored in a toner cartridge that is different from the genuine toner and has a different characteristic, the image density relative to the other toner usage amount. Compared to developing with toner contained in the genuine toner cartridge under the setting, the image density setting value for the amount of toner used is corrected, and the image density to be formed is a predetermined value of the specification. controlled so as to be developed so as not to, the control means, the image density to the toner usage by the reservation means When the constant of the reservation is accepted, applying the image density setting for toner usage according to the reservation accepted.

Preferably, it further includes a life detecting means for detecting that the usable period of the attached toner cartridge has elapsed, and the control means is configured to detect when the usable period has been detected by the life detecting means, Control starts with image density setting for reserved toner usage .

Preferably, the image forming apparatus further includes a replacement detection unit that detects replacement of the toner cartridge, and the control unit is configured to set an image density for a reserved toner usage amount when the replacement detection unit detects replacement of the toner cartridge. Start control.

Preferably, there is further provided a message output means for outputting a reservation start message for prompting reservation of image density setting with respect to the toner usage amount at a timing immediately before the usable period of the toner cartridge elapses, If the image density setting for the toner usage amount is selected by the input means between the timing when the start message is output and the timing when the toner cartridge is replaced, the image density setting for the selected toner usage amount is reserved. Accept as.

Preferably, the image forming apparatus further includes a determination unit that determines whether the mounted toner cartridge is a genuine product or a non-genuine product, and the control unit includes a determination result by the determination unit and the reservation receiving unit. The image density setting for the toner usage to be applied is determined according to the combination with the image density setting for the reserved toner usage .

Preferably, the control means determines when the image density setting for the toner usage corresponding to the determination result by the determination means does not match the image density setting for the toner usage reserved by the reservation receiving means. The control is started by applying the image density setting for the toner usage corresponding to the result or the image density setting for the reserved toner usage .

The image forming system according to the present invention includes an image forming apparatus and a host device connected to the image forming apparatus, and the host apparatus is an image corresponding to a toner usage amount corresponding to a genuine toner cartridge. and density setting corresponds to the toner cartridge is of the non-genuine article, an image density setting and to other toner usage different from the image density setting for toner usage corresponding to the toner cartridge is the genuine The image forming apparatus includes an apparatus main body, a toner cartridge that is replaceably mounted on the apparatus main body, and an image density setting for the toner usage amount selected by the input means. Control means for performing the operation of the toner cartridge after the toner cartridge by the input means before replacement of the mounted toner cartridge. When the image density setting is selected for the toner usage for the toner cartridge mounted, and a reservation receiving unit for receiving the image density setting for toner usage that has been selected as a reserved, the toner cartridge is the genuine The stored toner and the toner stored in a toner cartridge other than the genuine product have different characteristics, and the control means is a toner having a different characteristic and other than the genuine product. When developing toner contained in a cartridge, the amount of toner used is larger than when developing with toner contained in the genuine toner cartridge under the image density setting for the other amount of toner used. by correcting the image density setting values for, so that the image density to be imaged is not lower than a predetermined value specifications Toner controlled so as to be developed, wherein, when a reservation for the image density setting for toner usage for the toner cartridge is accepted by the reservation unit, when the toner cartridge is mounted, the reserved Control is performed by setting the image density with respect to the amount used .

The image forming apparatus control method according to the present invention is a control method for an image forming apparatus in which a replaceable toner cartridge is mounted on the apparatus main body, and an image corresponding to a toner usage amount corresponding to a genuine toner cartridge. and density setting corresponds to the toner cartridge is of the non-genuine article accommodating the toners having different toner and characteristics stored in the toner cartridge is the genuine product, corresponding to the toner cartridge is the genuine A toner cartridge that is input to select an image density setting for another toner usage amount that is different from the image density setting for the used toner usage amount, and is mounted after the toner cartridge before the mounted toner cartridge is replaced. when the image density setting for toner usage is selected for, toner which has been selected Receiving an image density setting for usage as reserved, on condition that the toner cartridge mounted has been replaced, to start the control by the image density setting for toner usage that has been reserved, a different toner of said characteristic When developing toner contained in a toner cartridge other than the genuine product, development is performed with toner contained in the genuine toner cartridge under the image density setting for the other toner usage amount. As compared with the case where the image density is set, the image density setting value with respect to the toner usage amount is corrected , and control is performed so that the image density for image formation is developed so as not to become a predetermined value or less .

  According to the present invention, even if a replacement unit other than a genuine product is mounted, a replacement unit other than a genuine product can be used at the user's will. In addition, the operation mode can be switched smoothly with the replacement of the replacement unit.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an image forming system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The image forming system 1 is configured by connecting a host apparatus 2 such as a PC (Personal Computer) to, for example, a plurality of image forming apparatuses 10 via a network 3. The host device 2 may be a terminal other than a PC having a control device such as an MCU (Micro Controller Unit), an input / output device such as a touch panel, and a communication device that transmits and receives signals via the network 3. The network 3 may be wired or wireless. A plurality of host devices 2 may be connected to the network 3.
As described above, the image forming system 1 is configured such that the host apparatus 2 can control the image forming apparatus 10 via the network 3.

In FIG. 2, the outline of the image forming apparatus 10 is shown. The image forming apparatus 10 has an image forming apparatus main body 12, and an openable / closable cover 16 that is rotatable about a rotation fulcrum 14 is provided on the upper part of the image forming apparatus main body 12. A user interface (UI device) 18 such as a touch panel is provided on the front side (left side in FIG. 2) of the opening / closing cover 16. The UI device 18 displays control information and instruction information of the image forming apparatus 10 and accepts input by the user such as instruction information. That is, the user can operate the image forming apparatus 10 via the UI device 18. Note that the UI device 18 may accept only an input from a switch or the like, may perform only an output such as a display, or may be a combination of these.
In addition, an opening / closing detection sensor 19 that detects opening / closing of the opening / closing cover 16 by contacting / separating according to opening / closing of the opening / closing cover 16 is provided near the rotation fulcrum 14.

  In the lower part of the image forming apparatus main body 12, for example, a one-stage paper feeding unit 20 is disposed. The paper supply unit 20 includes a paper supply unit main body 22 and a paper supply cassette 24 that stores paper. A feed roll 26 that feeds paper from the paper feed cassette 24 and a retard roll 28 that sprinkles the fed paper one by one are arranged in the upper vicinity of the rear end of the paper feed cassette 24. Further, a temperature sensor 30 that detects the temperature in the image forming apparatus main body 12 and a humidity sensor 32 that detects the humidity in the image forming apparatus main body 12 are provided above the paper feed cassette 24.

  The conveyance path 34 is a sheet path from the feed roll 26 to the discharge port 36, and the conveyance path 34 is in the vicinity of the back side (right side surface in FIG. 2) of the image forming apparatus main body 12 and is described later from the sheet feeding unit 20. The fixing device 100 is formed substantially vertically. A secondary transfer roll 88 and a secondary transfer backup roll 82, which will be described later, are disposed on the upstream side of the fixing device 100 in the conveyance path 34, and a registration roll 38 is disposed on the upstream side of the secondary transfer roll 88 and the secondary transfer backup roll 82. Is arranged. Further, a discharge roll 40 is disposed in the vicinity of the discharge port 36 of the transport path 34.

  Accordingly, the sheet fed from the sheet feeding cassette 24 of the sheet feeding unit 20 by the feed roll 26 is turned by the retard roll 28 and only the uppermost sheet is guided to the transport path 34 and is temporarily stopped by the registration roll 38. The developer image is transferred between a secondary transfer roll 88 and a secondary transfer backup roll 82, which will be described later, and the transferred developer image is fixed by the fixing device 100 and discharged by the discharge roll 40. The gas is discharged from the outlet 36 to a discharge portion 42 provided at the top of the opening / closing cover 16. The discharge portion 42 has a low discharge port portion and is inclined so as to gradually become higher in the front direction (left direction in FIG. 2).

  In the image forming apparatus main body 12, for example, a developing unit 44 such as a rotary developing device is disposed at a substantially central portion. The developing device unit 44 has a developing device unit main body 46, and four developing devices 48 a to 48 d for forming a developer image are mounted on the developing device unit main body 46. These developing devices 48a to 48d rotate with the developing device unit main body 46 counterclockwise (counterclockwise in FIG. 2) about the rotation shaft 50. The developing devices 48a to 48d include cylindrical toner cartridges 52a to 52d that contain developers of yellow (Yellow: Y), magenta (Magenta: M), cyan (Cyan: C), and black (Black: K). Each is attached. When the toner cartridges 52a to 52d are attached to the developing device unit main body 46 via the developing devices 48a to 48d, the outer surfaces thereof are substantially aligned with the outer periphery of the developing device unit main body 46.

In the developing unit 44, an image carrier 54 made of, for example, a photosensitive member is disposed so as to come into contact with the back side (right side in FIG. 2) of the image forming apparatus 10. That is, the developer unit 44 is prepared in four colors Y, M, C, and K for full-color development, and the developers 48a to 48d are rotated and moved to positions facing the image carrier 54, respectively. Then, the latent image on the image carrier 54 is developed one by one with yellow (Y), magenta (M), cyan (C), and black (K) toner.
In addition, a wireless communication unit 56 is disposed in the vicinity of a position substantially facing the image carrier 54 with the rotation shaft 50 of the developing unit 44 interposed therebetween. The wireless communication unit 56 includes an antenna 58 and performs wireless communication with a memory chip 170 described later.

Below the image carrier 54, there is provided a charging device 60 composed of, for example, a charging roll for uniformly charging the image carrier 54. An image carrier cleaner 62 is in contact with the upstream side of the charging device 60 in the rotation direction of the image carrier 54. The image carrier cleaner 62 includes, for example, a cleaning blade 64 that scrapes off toner remaining on the image carrier 54 after primary transfer, and a waste toner collection bottle 66 that collects toner scraped off by the cleaning blade 64.
Note that the back side (the right side in FIG. 2) of the waste toner collection bottle 66 is formed with a rib or the like, and is curved to form a part of the conveyance path 34 so that the paper is smoothly conveyed.

  An exposure device 68 for writing a latent image on the image carrier 54 charged by the charging device 60 with a light beam such as a laser beam is disposed below the rear side of the developing unit 44. Further, an unused detection sensor 70 such as a reflection type photosensor for detecting whether or not the toner cartridges 52 a to 52 d mounted on the developer unit 44 are unused is disposed above the developer unit 44. Has been. Above the developing unit 44 and the unused detection sensor 70, the toner image visualized by the developing unit 44 is primarily transferred one color at a primary transfer position for each circumference of the intermediate transfer body 74, An intermediate transfer device 72 is provided that superimposes four color toner images on the intermediate transfer member 74 and then transfers them onto a sheet at a secondary transfer position, which will be described later.

The intermediate transfer device 72 includes an intermediate transfer member 74 such as an intermediate transfer belt, a primary transfer roll 76, a wrap-in roll 78, a wrap-out roll 80, a secondary transfer backup roll 82, a scraper backup roll 84, and a brush backup roll 86. Is done. The intermediate transfer member 74 has elasticity, for example, and is stretched substantially flat so as to have a long side and a short side above the developing unit 44. The long side on the upper surface side of the intermediate transfer member 74 is stretched so as to be substantially parallel to, for example, the discharge unit 42 provided on the upper portion of the image forming apparatus main body 12. Further, the intermediate transfer member 74 has an image bearing between a wrap-in roll 78 disposed on the upstream side of the primary transfer roll 76 on the long side on the lower surface side and a wrap-out roll 80 disposed on the downstream side of the primary transfer roll 76. A primary transfer portion (image carrier wrap region) that abuts the body 54 in a wrap shape is provided. The image carrier 54 is wound around a predetermined range and is driven by the rotation of the image carrier 54.
Further, a flat surface portion (short side) is formed on the back side (right side surface in FIG. 2) of the intermediate transfer body 74 by a wrap-out roll 80 and a secondary transfer backup roll 82, and this flat surface portion is subjected to secondary transfer. It faces the transport path 34 as a part.
As described above, the intermediate transfer member 74 is primarily transferred by the primary transfer roll 76 to superimpose the toner image on the image carrier 54 in the order of, for example, yellow, magenta, cyan, and black. Transport toward the transfer section.

  A scraper backup roll 84 assists a scraper 94 described later to scrape off toner remaining on the intermediate transfer body 74 after the secondary transfer, and a brush backup roll 86 removes toner remaining on the intermediate transfer body 74 after the secondary transfer. A brush roll 96 to be described later assists in scraping.

  A secondary transfer roll 88 is opposed to the secondary transfer backup roll 82 of the intermediate transfer device 72 with the conveyance path 34 interposed therebetween. That is, the secondary transfer position in the secondary transfer portion is between the secondary transfer roll 88 and the secondary transfer backup roll 82, and the secondary transfer roll 88 is intermediate with the assistance of the secondary transfer backup roll 82. The toner image primarily transferred to the transfer body 74 is secondarily transferred to the paper at the secondary transfer position. Here, the secondary transfer roll 88 is separated from the intermediate transfer member 74 while the intermediate transfer member 74 rotates three times, that is, while the three color toner images of yellow, magenta, and cyan are conveyed. When the image is transferred, it contacts the intermediate transfer member 74. In addition, a predetermined potential difference is generated between the secondary transfer roll 88 and the secondary transfer backup roll 82. For example, when the secondary transfer roll 88 is set to a high voltage, the secondary transfer backup backup is performed. The roll 82 is connected to a ground (GND) or the like.

  An image density sensor 90 such as a reflective photosensor is disposed on the upstream side of the secondary transfer position so as to face the intermediate transfer body 74 with the conveyance path 34 interposed therebetween. The image density sensor 90 reads the developer patch formed on the intermediate transfer body 74 and detects the density of the image formed on the intermediate transfer body 74.

  An intermediate transfer member cleaner 92 is provided in contact with the end of the intermediate transfer member 74 on the side opposite to the image carrier. The intermediate transfer body cleaner 92 includes, for example, a scraper 94 that scrapes and cleans toner remaining on the intermediate transfer body 74 after the secondary transfer, a brush roll 96 that further scrapes off toner remaining after cleaning by the scraper 94, and a scraper 94 and The waste toner collecting bottle 98 collects the toner scraped off by the brush roll 96. The scraper 94 is made of, for example, a thin plate of stainless steel, and a voltage having a polarity opposite to that of the toner is applied. The brush roll 96 is made of, for example, an acrylic brush that has been subjected to a conductive treatment. Further, while the intermediate transfer member 74 conveys the toner image, the scraper 94 and the brush roll 96 are separated from the intermediate transfer member 74 and come into contact with the intermediate transfer member 74 at a predetermined timing. Has been.

A fixing device 100 is disposed above the secondary transfer position. The fixing device 100 includes a heating roll 102 and a pressure roll 104, fixes the toner image secondarily transferred to the paper by the secondary transfer roll 88 and the secondary transfer backup roll 82, and fixes the toner image to the discharge roll 40. Transport toward.
Further, in the image forming apparatus main body 12, a control unit 106 that controls each part constituting the image forming apparatus 10 is disposed.

  The image carrier unit 108 is obtained by integrating the image carrier 54, the charging device 60, and the image carrier cleaner 62. Further, the image forming unit 110 is obtained by integrating the image carrier unit 108, the intermediate transfer device 72, and the intermediate transfer body cleaner 92. The fixing unit 112 is an integrated unit of the fixing device 100 and the discharge roll 40.

As shown in FIG. 3, the image forming unit 110 is detachable from the image forming apparatus main body 12, and is attached / detached by opening the opening / closing cover 16. The image carrier unit 108 is detachable from the image forming unit 110.
The toner cartridges 52a to 52d are attached to and detached from the developing devices 48a to 48d attached to the developing device unit main body 46 when the opening / closing cover 16 is opened and positioned on the front side (opening / closing cover 16 side). It is like that. The developing devices 48a to 48d are detachably attached to the developing device unit main body 46 when the opening / closing cover 16 is opened and positioned on the front side (opening / closing cover 16 side).
The fixing unit 112 is detachably attached to the image forming apparatus main body 12 by removing an upper cover (not shown). Other units such as the developing unit 44 and the paper feeding unit 20 are also detachable from the image forming apparatus main body 12.

In this way, each unit can be replaced by the user. On the other hand, when a user attaches a replaceable unit to the image forming apparatus 10, if a unit other than a genuine product is attached to the image forming apparatus 10, good image quality cannot be maintained or operation cannot be guaranteed. May cause problems. This is because the image forming apparatus 10 is controlled according to the characteristics of members used in the image forming apparatus 10. Therefore, a sensor that detects a predetermined condition is provided in a unit that can be replaced by the user.
Hereinafter, when any one of a plurality of components such as the developing devices 48a to 48d is indicated without being specified, it may be simply abbreviated as “developing device 48” or the like.

Next, an example of a replaceable unit having a sensor that detects a predetermined condition will be described.
4 and 5, the configuration of the developing device 48, which is a replaceable unit, is shown.
The developing unit 48 includes a developing roll 116 as a developer carrying member, a first auger 118, a second auger 120, a third developing unit disposed on the image carrier 54 side of the developing device housing (developing device main body) 114. The auger 122 and the layer thickness regulating member 124 are provided, and a two-component developer composed of, for example, nonmagnetic toner and a magnetic carrier is accommodated.

The developing device housing 114 agitates the toner and the carrier, a shutter 126 that opens and closes a toner receiving port 134 and a developer discharge port 140, which will be described later, a cylindrical intake conveyance path 128 that conveys the toner taken in from the toner cartridge 52, and the toner. And cylindrical developer conveyance paths 130 and 132 for conveyance.
The intake conveyance path 128 includes a toner receiving port 134 that receives toner from the toner cartridge 52 and a toner supply port 136 that supplies toner to the developer conveyance path 130, and a first auger 118 is arranged in the intake conveyance path 128. It is installed. The first auger 118 conveys the toner received from the toner cartridge 52 through the conveyance path 128 to the developer conveyance path 130. Further, the amount of toner supplied from the toner cartridge 52 to the developing device 48 is adjusted by adjusting the rotation of the first auger 118. Therefore, the amount of toner used (the amount of toner cartridge 52 used) may be calculated by accumulating the driving time or the rotational speed of the first auger 118 by the CPU 202 described later. The amount of toner used is stored as a charge in a capacitor or the like when the exposure device 68 writes an electrostatic latent image on the image carrier 54 as a charge, and the CPU 202 counts the number of times the stored charge reaches a predetermined amount. May be calculated.

  In the intake conveyance path 128, a toner presence / absence detection sensor 138 is provided between the toner receiving port 134 and the toner delivery port 136. The toner presence / absence detection sensor 138, for example, includes toner between two points in the intake conveyance path 128. By detecting the change in resistance value due to the presence or absence of toner, the presence or absence of toner in the take-in conveyance path 128 is detected.

The developer transport path 130 has a developer discharge port 140 for discharging excess developer to the toner cartridge 52, and the second auger 120 is disposed in the developer transport path 130. The second auger 120 stirs and mixes the toner conveyed via the take-in conveyance path 128 and the carrier, and conveys the mixture to the developer conveyance path 132.
A third auger 122 is disposed in the developer transport path 132. The third auger 122 stirs and conveys the developer conveyed through the developer conveyance path 130 and supplies it to the developing roll 116.
A partition plate 143 is provided between the developer transport path 130 and the developer transport path 132, and the developer transport path 130 and the developer transport path 132 are connected to both ends of the partition plate 143. A passage (not shown) is provided. Accordingly, when the second auger 120 and the third auger 122 convey the developer in alternate directions, the toner is frictionally charged to a predetermined charge amount by the carrier and circulates in the developer housing 114. Has been. Further, the deteriorated developer is discharged from the developer discharge port 140 to the toner cartridge 52 at a predetermined timing, so that the total life of the developer is extended (trickle development method).

  The shutter 126 has openings 144 and 146, and the opening 144 overlaps the toner receiving port 134 to form a toner passage from the toner cartridge 52 to the developing device 48, and the opening 146 is the developer discharge port 140. To form a passage of excess developer from the developing device 48 to the toner cartridge 52.

  The developing roll 116 carries toner and contacts the image carrier 54 to develop the electrostatic latent image carried on the image carrier 54 with toner. The layer thickness regulating member 124 regulates the layer thickness of the toner carried on the developing roll 116.

6 and 7 show the configuration of the toner cartridge 52 which is a replaceable unit.
The toner cartridge 52 includes a toner cartridge main body 150 and a rotating portion 152 provided at one end of the toner cartridge main body 150 in the longitudinal direction.
The toner cartridge main body 150 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and has a substantially cylindrical portion in which the agitating / conveying member 154 is disposed. The toner cartridge body 150 gradually extends from the substantially cylindrical portion in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. It is formed so that the narrowed portion is integrated. The toner cartridge main body 150 is configured such that when the toner cartridge 52 is attached to the developing device unit main body 46 via the developing device 48, the outer surface substantially coincides with the outer periphery of the developing device unit main body 46.

  A toner storage space 156 for storing toner to be supplied to the developing device 48 is formed in the toner cartridge main body 150. In the toner storage space 156, the above-described stirring and conveying member 154 is provided. The agitating / conveying member 154 is wound, for example, in a spiral shape, agitates the toner in the toner storage space 156, and conveys the toner toward the toner receiving port 134 of the developing device 48.

  The rotating portion 152 includes a rotating portion main body 154 and a cylindrical tube portion 156 provided in the rotating portion main body 154 and formed integrally with the toner cartridge main body 150. The cylindrical part 156 is sealed by the cylindrical part side wall 160 on the side surface part 158 side of the rotating part main body 154, and an isolation wall 162 is provided inside. A developer recovery space 164 for recovering excess developer from the developing device 48 is formed on the side wall 160 side of the isolation wall 162, and the above-described toner storage is provided on the side of the anti-cylinder side wall 160 of the isolation wall 162. A space 156 is formed to extend.

The rotating part main body 154 has a window-like window part 166 covered with a transparent member, and the inside is formed in a cylindrical shape so as to rotate along the outer surface of the cylindrical part of the cylindrical part 156. Yes. Further, a reflection member 168 such as a white tape is attached to the outer surface of the cylindrical portion of the cylindrical portion 156. When the toner cartridge 52 is mounted on the developing device 48 and the rotation portion main body 154 rotates, the reflection member 168 is exposed through the window 166. Further, when the developing unit 44 to which the toner cartridge 52 is mounted rotates in the image forming apparatus main body 12, the exposed reflecting member 168 is positioned so as to face the unused detection sensor 70 fixed to the image forming apparatus main body 12. It is supposed to pass. As described above, the unused detection sensor 70 is, for example, a reflection type photosensor, and when the reflection member 168 of the toner cartridge 52 mounted on the developing unit 44 passes a position facing the unused detection sensor 70. In addition, the reflection member 168 detects whether the toner cartridge 52 is unused or not by detecting the amount of reflection that changes due to toner contamination.
A memory chip 170 is attached to the side surface portion 158 of the rotating portion main body 154. The memory chip 170 has an antenna 172 and performs wireless communication with the wireless communication unit 56 provided on the image forming apparatus main body 12 side.

[Wireless communication unit and memory chip]
Next, regarding the wireless communication unit 56 and the memory chip 170, respective circuit configurations and communication performed between them will be described.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of the wireless communication unit 56. FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a circuit configuration of the memory chip 170.
As shown in FIG. 8, the circuit of the wireless communication unit 56 includes a transmission / reception control unit 174, a modulation circuit 176, a transmission circuit 178, a reception circuit 180, a demodulation circuit 182, and an antenna 58. In the wireless communication unit 56, the transmission / reception control unit 174 controls the operation of each component of the wireless communication unit 56. Then, the transmission / reception control unit 174 outputs the data input from the control unit 106 to the modulation circuit 176. Further, the transmission / reception control unit 174 outputs the data received by the reception circuit 180 and demodulated by the demodulation circuit 182 to the control unit 106. The modulation circuit 176 modulates data input from the transmission / reception control unit 174 and outputs the data to the transmission circuit 178. The transmission circuit 178 outputs a radio signal including data to be stored in the memory chip 170 and a clock signal to the memory chip 170 via the antenna 58.

  The reception circuit 180 receives a signal transmitted from the memory chip 170 via the antenna 58 and outputs the signal to the demodulation circuit 182. The demodulating circuit 182 demodulates the data transmitted from the memory chip 170 from the change in the signal input from the receiving circuit 180 and outputs the demodulated data to the transmission / reception control unit 174.

As shown in FIG. 9, the circuit of the memory chip 170 includes a unit NVM (Non Volatile Memory) 184, a transmission logic circuit 186, a reception logic circuit 188, a transmission circuit 190, a reception circuit 192, a clock recovery circuit 194, A power supply unit 196 and an antenna 172 are included.
When a radio wave signal is transmitted from the wireless communication unit 56 to the memory chip 170, the reception circuit 192, the clock recovery circuit 194, and the power supply unit 196 accept the radio wave signal via the antenna 172. In the memory chip 170, when the power supply unit 196 receives the radio wave signal, the power source unit 196 rectifies the current generated by the electromagnetic induction by the radio wave signal and supplies power necessary for the operation to each component of the memory chip 170. . The memory chip 170 may be configured to receive power from the main body 40 when a voltage higher than, for example, a voltage generated by the power supply unit 196 is required. For example, the power may be provided in a non-contact manner from an alternating current supplied to the developing unit 44 by further providing a coil for power supply in the memory chip 170.

  When receiving the radio signal, the clock recovery circuit 194 recovers the clock signal and outputs it to each circuit constituting the memory chip 170. When receiving the radio signal, the reception circuit 192 outputs a signal such as data included in the radio signal to the reception logic circuit 188 in synchronization with the clock signal input from the clock recovery circuit 194. The reception logic circuit 188 demodulates a signal such as data input from the reception circuit 192 in synchronization with the clock signal input from the clock recovery circuit 194, and outputs the demodulated signal to the unit NVM 184.

  The unit NVM 184 is a writable nonvolatile memory. When the signal input from the reception logic circuit 188 indicates data writing in synchronization with the clock signal input from the clock recovery circuit 194, the unit NVM 184 When data is written (stored) and data read is indicated, the data stored in the unit NVM 184 is output to the transmission logic circuit 186. The nonvolatile memory included in the unit NVM 184 may be, for example, a flash ROM, EEPROM, or FeRAM (ferroelectric memory).

The transmission logic circuit 186 modulates the data input from the unit NVM 184 in synchronization with the clock signal input from the clock recovery circuit 194 and outputs the modulated data to the transmission circuit 190. The transmission circuit 190 transmits the signal input from the transmission logic circuit 186 to the wireless communication unit 56 as a radio wave signal via the antenna 172 in synchronization with the clock signal input from the clock recovery circuit 194.
Note that a signal transmitted / received as a radio wave signal may be encrypted and then converted to a radio wave signal to be transmitted / received. Further, for example, an authorized user may rewrite the contents of the unit NVM 184 from a device other than the control unit 106 using an encrypted radio wave signal.

  FIG. 10 shows the positional relationship between the wireless communication unit 56 and the memory chip 170 performing wireless communication. As described above, the toner cartridge 52 is attached to each of the developing devices 48, and moves when the developing device unit 44 (FIG. 2) rotates about the rotation shaft 50. The wireless communication unit 56 is fixed to the image forming apparatus main body 12 in the vicinity of the side of the developing unit 44 so that the memory chips 170 that are moved by the rotation of the developing unit 44 are sequentially substantially opposed to each other. In order to enable wireless communication with any one of the above, wireless communication is performed in a stopped state in which the developing unit 48 is controlled to move to a substantially opposite position. In addition, the wireless communication unit 56 is configured to confirm the start of data transmission / reception by receiving an acknowledge signal transmitted from the memory chip 170 with respect to, for example, a radio signal output from the wireless communication unit 56.

FIG. 11 shows the configuration of the image carrier unit 108 that is a replaceable unit.
As described above, the image carrier unit 108 is obtained by integrating the image carrier 54, the charging device 60, and the image carrier cleaner 62. For example, the image carrier unit 108 is disposed at an upper portion in the image carrier cleaner 62. A waste toner full sensor 198 and a float 200 disposed below the waste toner full sensor 198 are provided. The waste toner full sensor 198 has an optical path in which the light receiving unit provided on the other side receives light emitted from the light emitting unit provided on one side, and the control unit 106 determines whether the light receiving unit has received light. Output. The float 200 rises when the amount of waste toner collected in the waste toner collection bottle 66 from the image carrier 54 exceeds a predetermined amount. When the waste toner collection bottle 66 becomes full of waste toner, the waste toner is collected. The optical path of the full sensor 198 is blocked. As described above, the image carrier unit 108 detects whether or not the waste toner collection bottle 66 is full by the waste toner full sensor 198 and the float 200, and outputs it to the control unit 106.
Further, the waste toner full sensor 198 and the float 200 may be provided in the intermediate transfer body cleaner 92 to detect whether or not the waste toner collection bottle 98 is full.
As described above, the replaceable unit having a sensor or the like that detects a predetermined condition outputs a result detected by the sensor or the like to the control unit 106, and the control unit 106 performs an image based on the input detection result. Each part constituting the forming apparatus 10 is controlled.
The image carrier unit 108 may be provided with a memory chip. In this case, the image forming apparatus 10 is provided with a wireless communication unit (substantially the same as the wireless communication unit 56 shown in FIG. 8) in the vicinity of the memory chip provided in the image carrier unit 108. The memory chip provided in the image carrier unit 108 has the same configuration as the memory chip 170 shown in FIG. 9, and wirelessly controlled by the CPU 202 when the image carrier unit 108 is mounted on the image forming apparatus main body. Sends and receives signals to and from the communication unit.

Next, the configuration of the control unit 106 will be described in detail.
FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the control unit 106 and each unit connected to the control unit 106.
The control unit 106 includes a CPU 202, a storage unit 204, a sensor interface (sensor I / F) circuit 206, a wireless unit control circuit 208, a communication interface (communication I / F) circuit 210, a user interface (UI) control circuit 212, and image drawing. A circuit 214, a process control circuit 216, an image forming unit interface (image forming I / F) circuit 218, a paper transport unit control circuit 220, and the like, which can input and output signals to and from each other via the system bus 222. It is configured as follows.
The CPU 202 transmits and receives signals to and from each part constituting the control unit 106 via the system bus 222 and controls each part constituting the control part 106.

  The storage unit 204 includes a program ROM 224, a RAM 226, and a main body NVM (Non Volatile Memory) 228, and stores information necessary for controlling the image forming apparatus 10. The program ROM 224 may be a flash ROM, for example, and the stored contents may be updated. The RAM 226 is composed of, for example, an SRAM and stores temporary information such as drawing data input from the image drawing circuit 214. The main body NVM 228 includes an electrically rewritable nonvolatile memory such as an EEPROM or a flash ROM. The main body NVM 228 is a rewritable storage device. If the image forming apparatus 10 can hold data even when the image forming apparatus 10 is turned off, the main body NVM 228 is an SRAM, HDD (Hard Disk Drive) backed up by a battery or the like. Or an optical memory.

  The sensor I / F circuit 206 receives detection results from the open / close detection sensor 19, the temperature sensor 30, the humidity sensor 32, the unused detection sensor 70, the toner presence / absence detection sensor 138, the image density sensor 90, and the waste toner full sensor 198, The data is output to the CPU 202 via the system bus 222. The wireless unit control circuit 208 transmits and receives signals to and from the memory chip 170 via the wireless communication unit 56, and also transmits and receives signals to and from the CPU 202 and the storage unit 204 via the system bus 222. 170 is connected to the CPU 202 and the storage unit 204.

  The communication I / F circuit 210 transmits / receives a signal to / from the host apparatus 2 via the network 3 and transmits / receives a signal to / from the CPU 202 via the system bus 222. Connect. The UI control circuit 212 transmits / receives a signal to / from the UI device 18 and transmits / receives a signal to / from the CPU 202 via the system bus 222 to connect the UI device 18 to the CPU 202.

  The image drawing circuit 214 draws an image based on an image forming signal input from the host device 2 or the like, and outputs the image to the CPU 202 and the RAM 226. The process control circuit 216 refers to setting values (to be described later) stored in the storage unit 204 together with the CPU 202, and connects the exposure device 68, the image forming unit 110, the developing unit 44, and the like via the image forming I / F circuit 218. The image forming unit 230 including the image forming unit 230 is controlled. The paper transport unit control circuit 220 controls the paper transport unit 232 including the feed roll 26, the retard roll 28, and the registration roll 38 together with the CPU 202.

  Since the CPU 202 can compare the data stored in the storage unit 204 with the data stored in the unit NVM 184 and determine the state of the toner cartridge 52 to which the memory chip 170 is attached, the memory Even if the chip 170 does not have a sensor, it constitutes a part of the detection means.

[Retained data]
Next, details of data stored in the program ROM 224, the main body NVM 228, and the unit NVM 184 will be described.
FIG. 13 shows an example of data stored in the program ROM 224, the main body NVM 228, and the unit NVM 184.
The program ROM 224 is provided with a program area 234, a set value area 236, and the like. In the program area 234, an execution program 238 for operating the image forming apparatus 10 is stored. In the set value region 236, each life threshold value 240, each life threshold value reaching setting number 242, the temperature parameter group 244, the humidity parameter group 246, the toner concentration parameter group 248, the determination time setting value 252 and the like are stored. Has been.

  Each life threshold value 240 includes the life (life threshold value) of each replaceable unit of the image forming apparatus 10. Each lifetime threshold reaching setting number 242 includes the number of times each replaceable unit of the image forming apparatus 10 is allowed to reach the lifetime threshold. The temperature parameter group 244 includes parameters relating to control of the temperature of the image forming apparatus 10. The humidity parameter group 246 includes parameters related to control of the image forming apparatus 10 with respect to humidity. The toner density parameter group 248 includes parameters relating to toner density control in the developing device 48. Whether the determination time set value 252 is a genuine product for each replaceable unit of the image forming apparatus 10 by the CPU 202 in a process (FIG. 17) in which the image forming apparatus 10 described later prepares for printing in accordance with the operation mode. This includes the period (judgment time) until the start of judgment on whether it is a non-genuine product.

The main body NVM 228 is provided with a corresponding unit information area 254, a main body side update area 256, and the like.
In the corresponding unit information area 254, a corresponding model code 258 and a corresponding country code 260 are stored. The corresponding model code 258 stores a model table (data) indicating that each of the replaceable units of the image forming apparatus 10 is a model compatible with the image forming apparatus 10. The corresponding country code 260 stores a table (data) of each country in which different specifications are set for each country for each replaceable unit of the image forming apparatus 10.

  In the main body side update area 256, the mounting history 262 of each unit, each life count value 264 on the main body side, each life threshold value arrival count 266 on the main body side, each detection history 268, each operation mode history 270, and the like are stored. ing. The mounting history 262 of each unit includes the mounting history of each replaceable unit of the image forming apparatus 10. Each life count value 264 on the main body side includes a life count value (amount used from the start of use until the present) of each replaceable unit of the image forming apparatus 10. The usage amount of each unit may be calculated from the accumulated operation time of each unit. Each life threshold arrival frequency 266 on the main body side includes the life threshold arrival frequency for each replaceable unit of the image forming apparatus 10. Each detection history 268 includes a history of detection results detected by sensors provided in the image forming apparatus 10. Each operation mode history 270 includes a history of operation modes applied to each replaceable unit of the image forming apparatus 10. The image forming apparatus 10 stores an operation mode (default mode S) corresponding to a genuine product as an initial value of each operation mode history 270, and the operation mode selected when the operation mode is selected by the user. Will continue to be added. In addition, when the user selects an operation mode that is the same as the previous operation mode, the image forming apparatus 10 overwrites the previous operation mode with the previous operation mode. Each operation mode history 270 includes operation mode reservation information. That is, the image forming apparatus 10 stores the reservation information (reserved operation mode) received from the user as a temporary operation mode history 270 in the main body side update area 256, and when the replacement of the unit is detected, the reservation is made. The operation mode is converted into a regular entry of the operation mode history 270.

The unit NVM 184 is provided with a unit information area 272, a unit side update area 274, and the like.
The unit information area 272 includes a model code 276 indicating the model, a country code 278 indicating the country for which the specification is set, a unit-specific serial number 280, a manufacturing date 282, a lifetime threshold 284 indicating the lifetime of the unit, In addition, process parameters 286 for process control are stored.
The unit-side update area 274 includes a life count value 288 indicating the usage amount from the start of use of the toner cartridge 52 to the present time, and a life threshold value indicating the number of times the life threshold value stored in the life threshold value 284 has been reached. A value arrival count 290 and related history information 292 are stored. The related history information 292 includes a history of related information that can be used for grasping the status of the toner cartridge 52, such as the number of rotations of the image carrier 54, for example.

[Reservation management module]
Next, the reservation management module 500 that is stored in the program ROM 224 and forms part of the execution program 238 will be described.
In FIG. 14, the functional configuration of the reservation management module 500 is shown.
The reservation management module 500 includes a message output unit 502, a reservation reception unit 504, a unit determination unit 506, a life detection unit 508, an exchange detection unit 510, and a mode determination unit 512.
The message output unit 502 displays a reservation start message prompting reservation of the operation mode at a timing according to the usage amount of each replaceable unit. More specifically, the message output unit 502 should notify the replacement warning timing at which the replacement timing of the toner cartridge 52 is near based on the toner presence / absence information acquired via the sensor I / F circuit 206 (FIG. 12). If it is determined that it is a replacement warning timing, a reservation start message is displayed on the UI device 18 via the UI control circuit 212 (FIG. 12). That is, the image forming apparatus 10 prompts the user to reserve an operation mode to be set for the replacement unit to be mounted next by displaying a reservation start message when the replacement time of the replacement unit such as the toner cartridge is near. . Note that the message output unit 502 may determine the replacement warning timing based on the life count value 264 (288) and the life threshold value 284.

  The reservation accepting unit 504 accepts the operation mode selected by the user as an operation mode reservation, and outputs the accepted reservation to the mode determination unit 512. More specifically, the reservation receiving unit 504 acquires the identification information of the operation mode selected by the user via the UI control circuit 212 (FIG. 12), and uses the acquired identification information of the operation mode as reservation information. It outputs to the determination part 512. The reservation receiving unit 504 of this example recognizes the operation mode selected on the operation mode reservation screen as the operation mode reservation.

  The unit determination unit 506 determines whether the installed unit is a genuine product or a non-genuine product, and outputs the determination result to the mode determination unit 512. More specifically, the unit determination unit 506 acquires information (FIG. 13) stored in the unit NVM 184 via the wireless unit control circuit 208 (FIG. 12), and installs based on the acquired information. It is determined whether the unit being used is a genuine product or a non-genuine product.

  The life detection unit 508 detects that the usable period of the mounted unit has elapsed, and outputs the detection result to the mode determination unit 512. More specifically, the life detection unit 508 detects the sensor output value (the output from the toner presence / absence detection sensor 138, the density value output from the image density sensor 90) acquired via the sensor I / F circuit 206 (FIG. 12). Or the output from the waste toner full sensor 198), it is detected that the usable period of the unit has passed (that is, it is time to replace the unit). Note that the life detection unit 508 acquires the life count value 288 (FIG. 13) stored in the unit NVM 184 via the wireless unit control circuit 208 (FIG. 12), and the acquired life count value 288 has expired. When the threshold value is exceeded, it may be determined that the usable period has elapsed.

  The replacement detection unit 510 detects replacement of replaceable units and outputs the detection result to the mode determination unit 512. More specifically, the exchange detection unit 510 acquires information stored in the unit information area 272 (FIG. 13) via the wireless unit control circuit 208 (FIG. 12), and changes the acquired information. Based on this, it is determined whether or not a replaceable unit has been replaced.

  The mode determination unit 512 determines an operation mode to be applied based on the reservation of the operation mode received by the reservation reception unit 504 and the determination result by the unit determination unit 506, and the determined operation mode is determined by the process control circuit 216. Notify More specifically, the mode determination unit 512 determines whether or not the reserved operation mode corresponds to a newly installed unit (genuine or non-genuine). If it is determined, the reserved operation mode is determined to be applied, and if it is determined not to correspond, the operation mode adapted to the unit is determined to be applied. “The reserved operation mode corresponds to a newly installed unit” means that the reserved operation mode is set for each unit (genuine or non-genuine). For example, when the unit is a non-genuine product and one of the operation modes set for a non-genuine product is reserved, Is determined.

  Further, the mode determination unit 512 determines the application timing of the determined operation mode. More specifically, the mode determination unit 512 performs control in the determined operation mode (for example, the reserved operation mode) at the timing when the lifetime detection unit 510 detects that the unit usable period has elapsed. The reservation information of each operation mode history 270 (FIG. 13) is converted into this entry so as to start. Note that the timing at which the unit usable period has elapsed and the timing at which the unit is replaced do not necessarily match, but there is no problem because the difference in timing is not so large. Further, the mode determination unit 512 stores the reservation information of each operation mode history 270 (FIG. 13) so that the control is started in the determined operation mode at the timing when the replacement detection unit 510 detects the unit replacement. It may be converted into an entry. In other words, the image forming apparatus 10 automatically switches the operation mode with the elapse of the usable period of the unit or the replacement of the unit as a trigger.

[Printing operation]
In the image forming apparatus 10 configured as described above, when an image forming signal is sent, the image carrier 54 is uniformly charged by the charging device 60, and the charged image carrier 54 has an exposure device based on the image signal. A light beam is emitted from 68. The light beam from the exposure device 68 exposes the surface of the image carrier 54 to form a latent image.

  The latent image carried on the image carrier 54 is developed by the developing unit 44 at the development position. In the developing unit 44, the developing units 48a to 48d are supplied with yellow, magenta, cyan, and black toner from the toner cartridges 52a to 52d, respectively. Further, the toner excessively supplied to the developing devices 48a to 48d is collected in the toner cartridges 52a to 52d, respectively. The toner images developed for each color by the developing devices 48 a to 48 d of the developing device unit 44 are primarily transferred to the intermediate transfer body 74 in a superimposed manner. In the primary transfer, waste toner remaining on the image carrier 54 is scraped off and collected by the image carrier cleaner 62.

  On the other hand, the paper accommodated in the paper feed cassette 24 is fed out by the feed roll 26 by a paper feed signal or the like, is turned by the retard roll 28 and guided to the transport path 34, and is temporarily stopped by the registration roll 38. As a result, it is guided between the secondary transfer roll 88 and the secondary transfer backup roll 82. When the sheet is guided between the secondary transfer roll 88 and the secondary transfer backup roll 82, the toner image superimposed on the four colors on the intermediate transfer body 74 by the primary transfer becomes the secondary transfer roll 88 and the secondary transfer backup. Secondary transfer is performed on the paper by the roll 82. Waste toner remaining on the intermediate transfer member 74 after the secondary transfer is scraped off and collected by the intermediate transfer member cleaner 92.

  The sheet on which the toner image has been transferred is guided to the fixing device 100, and the toner image is fixed by the thermal pressure of the heating roll 102 and the pressure roll 104. The sheet on which the toner image is fixed is discharged from the discharge port 36 to the discharge unit 42 by the discharge roll 40. The control unit 106 stores the life count value of the toner cartridge 52 in the unit NVM 184 and the main body NVM 228.

[Control of image forming apparatus]
Next, the control of the image forming apparatus 10 based on the data stored in the storage unit 204 and the unit NVM 184 will be described.
FIG. 15 is a graph showing changes in developer charging ability with respect to the developer usage (life count value) stored in the main body NVM 228.
FIG. 16 is a graph showing a setting for correcting a change in the charging ability of the developer, and is a graph showing a setting of the image density with respect to the usage amount of the developer.
FIG. 17 is a graph showing the result of correction according to the setting shown in FIG. 16, where (A) shows the corrected toner density, and (B) shows the corrected image density.

The toner contained in the toner cartridge 52 is frictionally charged to a predetermined charge amount by a carrier in the developing device 48. When the developer is used, like the characteristics of the genuine toner P shown in FIG. 15, the charging ability of the developer decreases according to the amount of developer used.
Therefore, even if the image forming apparatus 10 adopts the trickle developing method, in order to maintain the image quality of the image formed on the sheet at a predetermined level, the toner density in the developing device 48 and the intermediate transfer member 74 are maintained. The setting for the image density is corrected.
For example, the CPU 202 detects the image density with the image density sensor 90, and controls the rotational drive of the first auger 118 if the density is high, thereby reducing the toner density by reducing the amount of toner supplied into the developing device 48. Reduce the image density. If the density is low, the rotational drive of the first auger 118 is controlled to increase the amount of toner supplied into the developing device 48 and increase the toner density to increase the image density. Usually, a pattern having a halftone density is used as the image density detection pattern.
However, since the developing performance is improved and the image density is increased when the charging ability of the toner is lowered, if the above control is executed as it is, the toner density is excessively lowered and the maximum image density is lowered.
Therefore, a toner density parameter group 248 used for toner density control based on the image density detection result by the image density sensor 90 so that the maximum image density of the image transferred to the paper does not decrease even if the charging ability of the developer is lowered. The toner density control setting value stored in the developing device 48 is corrected so as to increase in accordance with the amount of developer used. The CPU 202 rotates the first auger 118 in accordance with the corrected setting value (FIG. 16: setting S corresponding to the toner P), so that the toner density has a desired predetermined value as shown in FIG. The toner density is maintained so that it does not fall below the value.
As a result, as shown in FIG. 17B, the image density can be maintained so that the image density does not become a predetermined value or less of the specification.
The setting S in this example is associated with “default mode S” that is an operation mode corresponding to genuine toner, and the image forming apparatus 10 sets the setting S when the default mode S is set. To form an image.

  On the other hand, when a toner cartridge other than a genuine product having substantially the same configuration as the toner cartridge 52 containing toner X or toner Y, which is a non-genuine product, is mounted on the image forming apparatus 10, FIG. As shown, it is predicted that the toner will exhibit a characteristic different from the characteristic P of the genuine toner. Therefore, in order to improve the image quality of the image formed on the paper, a corrected setting value different from the setting S corresponding to the toner P is necessary. Therefore, for example, when the toner X or the toner Y is other than a genuine product in which it is stored, the amount of change (slope) in the toner density setting value is increased or decreased (m1, m2: FIG. 16), and the limit value is set. Increase / decrease (m1, m2), change initial value (use amount = 0) (m3), do not change set value according to use amount (m4), and change the initial value, for example, use amount The correction for the usage amount of the developer is changed by combining the changing conditions such as not changing the set value according to the condition (m5). This change is performed by the user selecting via the UI device 18 as an operation mode different from the operation mode corresponding to the genuine product.

  The setting m1 in this example is associated with “mode A”, which is an operation mode corresponding to toner other than genuine products, and the image forming apparatus 10 applies the setting m1 when mode A is set. Then, image formation is performed. Similarly, the setting m2 is associated with an operation mode “mode B” corresponding to a non-genuine product, and the setting m3 is associated with an operation mode “mode C” corresponding to a non-genuine product. m4 is associated with an operation mode “mode D” corresponding to a non-genuine product, and setting m5 is associated with an operation mode “mode E” corresponding to a non-genuine product. That is, the image forming apparatus 10 has a plurality of operation modes different from each other in correction amounts in the image forming process for a non-genuine product (toner cartridge or the like). In addition, the operation mode corresponding to a non-genuine product causes a failure (stain in the machine due to toner, etc.) in the image forming apparatus 10 as compared to the “default mode S” set on the assumption of the known performance of the genuine product. It is desirable that the mode is difficult to prevent (safe mode).

  Further, based on the data stored in the storage unit 204 and the unit NVM 184, the image forming apparatus 10 also controls display by the UI device 18 and the like. For example, when the toner cartridge 52 is a genuine product, the remaining amount of toner is displayed on the UI device 18, and when the toner cartridge 52 is other than a genuine product, the amount of toner used is displayed on the UI device 18. . This is because the remaining amount of toner cannot be calculated when the toner is not a genuine product because the toner amount is unknown.

[Control action]
Next, a method for controlling the image forming apparatus 10 based on data stored in the storage unit 204 and the unit NVM 184 will be described.
FIG. 18 is a flowchart (S10) illustrating the operation of the image forming apparatus 10 relating to unit replacement. In this flowchart, the toner cartridge 52 is described as a specific example of a replaceable unit.

  As shown in FIG. 18, in step 12 (S12), the CPU 202 (message output unit 502) acquires toner presence / absence information via the sensor I / F circuit 206 (FIG. 12) and detects that the toner has run out. If YES in step S14, the process proceeds to step S14. In other cases, the toner presence / absence information is continuously monitored. That is, the CPU 202 determines whether or not it is a replacement warning timing (replacement warning time) to notify that the replacement timing of the toner cartridge 52 is near based on the toner presence / absence information. Even if the toner presence / absence detection sensor 138 detects that the toner is empty, since the toner remains in the vicinity of the toner feeding port 136 (FIG. 5), it is possible to continue printing. As described above, the image forming apparatus 10 determines the replacement warning timing based on the toner presence / absence information, so that a non-genuine toner cartridge 52 (that is, a toner cartridge whose life threshold value is unknown) is mounted. Even when the toner cartridge 52 is about to be replaced, a warning can be given before printing becomes impossible.

In step 14 (S14), the CPU 202 (message output unit 502) instructs the UI device 18 to display a reservation start message via the UI control circuit 212 (FIG. 12).
In response to an instruction from the CPU 202, the UI device 18 displays a toner cartridge replacement warning display 297 and a reservation start message 298 on a screen 294 shown in FIG. In addition to the replacement warning display 297 and the reservation start message 298, the screen 294 includes a key button 296a for changing to an operation mode selection screen 299 (described later in FIG. 25), and an operation mode reservation screen 295 (described later in FIG. 24). ) Is displayed as a key button 296b.

Further, the UI device 18 accepts an operation mode reservation from the user until the usable period of the toner cartridge 52 elapses (that is, until the process proceeds to S18). Specifically, when the user presses the key button 296b shown in FIG. 23B, the UI device 18 detects the user's operation and displays the operation mode reservation screen 295 shown in FIG. . The operation mode reservation screen 295 displays a key button 296a for selecting “default mode S” and a key button 296b for selecting “modes A to E”. Mode A to mode E can be selected by continuously pressing the key button 296b.
The user operates the key button 296a or the key button 296b on the operation mode reservation screen 295 (FIG. 24) to select an operation mode to be reserved (“default mode S”, “mode A”, “mode B”, etc.). . The CPU 202 (reservation accepting unit 504) detects the user's selection operation via the UI control circuit 212 (FIG. 12) and accepts the selected operation mode as a reserved operation mode.

  In step 16 (S16), the CPU 202 (life detection unit 508) acquires the density value from the image density sensor 90 via the sensor I / F circuit 206 (FIG. 12), and the acquired density value and target density value are obtained. To determine whether or not the usable period (life) of the toner cartridge has passed, and when the usable period has passed, the printing operation is forcibly stopped and the process proceeds to S18. In other cases, the monitoring of the usable period of the toner cartridge is continued. When the genuine toner cartridge 52 is mounted, the CPU 202 compares the toner cartridge life threshold value 240 with the life count value 264 of the toner cartridge to determine the usable period of the toner cartridge. You may determine whether it passed.

In step 18 (S18), the CPU 202 (mode determination unit 512) determines whether or not a reservation has been accepted via the UI device 18, and when there is no reservation, the process proceeds to S20 and there is a reservation. Then, the process proceeds to S30.
In step 20 (S20), the CPU 202 accepts the user's selection operation and sets the operation mode after the toner cartridge replacement.
In step 30 (S30), the CPU 202 sets the operation mode after replacement of the toner cartridge according to the reservation of the operation mode and the newly installed toner cartridge 52.

  In step 40 (S40), the CPU 202 prepares for printing in accordance with the set operation mode, and ends the process. In the printing preparation in S40, for example, whether the mounted toner cartridge 52 is a genuine product or a non-genuine product may be displayed on the UI device 18.

Next, the operation mode setting process (S20) when there is no reservation will be described in more detail.
FIG. 19 is a flowchart (S20) showing operation mode setting processing when there is no reservation.
FIG. 20 is a flowchart (S50) showing unit replacement detection processing for detecting whether or not a unit has been replaced.
FIG. 21 is a flowchart (S60) illustrating an operation mode selection process performed by the image forming apparatus 10 in order for the user to select an operation mode.
In step 200 (S200), the CPU 202 determines whether or not the opening / closing detection sensor 19 has detected opening / closing of the opening / closing cover 16. If the CPU 202 determines that opening / closing of the opening / closing cover 16 is detected, the process proceeds to S50, and otherwise returns to S200. That is, when the opening / closing cover 16 is opened and closed, the toner cartridge 52 may be replaced, and unit replacement detection processing is performed.

  In step 500 (S500: FIG. 20), the CPU 202 reads the production number 280 from the unit NVM 184.

  In step 502 (S502), the CPU 202 reads the manufacturing number of the toner cartridge that was last attached, which is included in the attachment history 262 of each unit of the main body NVM 228.

  In step 504 (S504), the CPU 202 determines whether or not the serial number of the toner cartridge that was installed last is the same as the serial number 280 read from the unit NVM 184. If the serial number of the last installed toner cartridge is the same as the serial number 280 read from the unit NVM 184, the process proceeds to S506. Otherwise, the process proceeds to S508.

In step 506 (S506), the CPU 202 considers that the toner cartridge 52 that has not been replaced is mounted again (not replaced).
In step 508 (S508), the CPU 202 considers that the replaced toner cartridge 52 is mounted (replacement is detected).

  In step 202 (S202: FIG. 19), if the CPU 202 determines that the replacement of the toner cartridge 52 is detected, the process proceeds to S204, and otherwise returns to the process in S200.

In step 204 (S204), the CPU 202 reads the determination time setting value 252 from the program ROM 224.
The determination time set value 252 may be 0.

  In step 206 (S206), the CPU 202 determines whether or not it is a determination time to start determining whether the mounted toner cartridge 52 is a genuine product or a non-genuine product using a timer (not shown) or the like. If it is the determination time to start the determination of whether it is a genuine product or a non-genuine product, the process proceeds to S208. In other cases, the CPU 202 waits for the determination time.

In step 208 (S208), the CPU 202 reads the model code 276 and the country code 278 from the unit NVM 184.
In step 210 (S210), the CPU 202 reads the corresponding model code 258 and the corresponding country code 260 from the main body NVM 228.

In step 212 (S212), the CPU 202 collates the model code 276 with the corresponding model code 258 and collates the country code 278 with the corresponding country code 260, and determines whether the replaced toner cartridge 52 is a genuine product or a genuine product. Judge whether it is something other than goods.
The CPU 202 updates the mounting history 262 of each unit of the main body NVM 228 according to the data read from the currently installed toner cartridge 52, and proceeds to the processing of S60.

  In step 600 (S600), the UI device 18 displays an operation mode selection screen 299 corresponding to the mounted toner cartridge 52 (whether it is a genuine product), as illustrated in FIG. Specifically, when the installed toner cartridge 52 is a genuine product, the UI device 18 displays an operation mode selection screen 299a shown in FIG. 25A, and the installed toner cartridge 52 is a genuine product. Otherwise, the operation mode selection screen 299b shown in FIG. 25B is displayed. The operation mode selection screen 299a corresponding to a genuine product has a key button 296a for selecting a default mode S (an operation mode corresponding to a genuine product) and other operation modes (an operation mode corresponding to a non-genuine product). A message indicating that the mounted toner cartridge is a genuine product and that the selection of the default mode S is preferable is displayed together with a key button 296b for selecting the button. On the operation mode selection screen 299b corresponding to a non-genuine product, a key button 296a and a key button 296b similar to the above are displayed together with the fact that the mounted toner cartridge is a non-genuine product and other operation modes. A message indicating that selection of (mode A to mode E) is preferable is displayed. Mode A to mode E can be selected by continuously pressing the key button 296b.

  In step 602 (S602), the CPU 202 determines whether or not an input for selecting either the key button 296a or the key button 296b displayed on the operation mode selection screen 299a (or the operation mode selection screen 299b) has been completed. . If the input for selecting one of the key buttons 296a and 296b has been completed, the process proceeds to S604, and if there is no input for designating one of the operation modes, the image forming apparatus 10 allows the user to operate the operation mode. Wait until you select.

  In step 604 (S604), the CPU 202 updates (including overwriting) each operation mode history 270 of the main body NVM 228 to the operation mode selected in S602. That is, the CPU 202 updates each operation mode history 270 of the main body NVM 228 according to the user input, and sets the operation mode selected by the user.

Next, the operation mode setting process (S30) when there is a reservation will be described in more detail.
FIG. 22 is a flowchart (S30) showing operation mode setting processing when there is a reservation. 22 that are substantially the same as those shown in FIG. 19 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
As shown in FIG. 22, in S200 to S206, the CPU 202 detects the replacement of the toner cartridge 52 and determines the determination timing for performing the determination process of the newly mounted toner cartridge 52.
In S208, the CPU 202 reads the model code 276 and the country code 278 of the toner cartridge 52 from the unit NVM 184 at the determined determination timing. In S210, the CPU 202 reads the corresponding model code 258 and the corresponding country code 260 from the main body NVM 228.
In step S212, the CPU 202 (unit determination unit 506) collates the read model code 276 with the corresponding model code 258, and also compares the read country code 278 with the corresponding country code 260 to replace the toner cartridge. It is determined whether 52 is a genuine product or a non-genuine product.

  In step 304 (S304), the CPU 202 (mode determination unit 512) determines whether or not the combination of the reserved operation mode and the newly installed unit (genuine or non-genuine) is appropriate. If it is determined that the combination is valid, the process proceeds to S306. If it is determined that the combination is not valid, the process proceeds to S308. Specifically, a combination of “default mode S” and a genuine product, and a combination of “mode A” to “mode E” and a non-genuine product are determined to be appropriate. The combination is determined as not valid.

In step 306 (S306), the CPU 202 (mode determination unit 512) updates each operation mode history 270 of the main body NVM 228 according to the received reservation, and sets the operation mode reserved by the user.
In step 308 (S308), the CPU 202 (mode determination unit 512) updates each operation mode history 270 of the main body NVM 228 according to the newly installed unit (genuine or non-genuine) and is installed. Set one of the operation modes corresponding to the selected unit. If the combination of the reserved operation mode and the newly installed unit is not valid and the operation mode corresponding to the unit is preferentially applied (S308), for example, the installed toner cartridge It may be displayed on the UI device 18 whether 52 is a genuine product or something other than a genuine product, and that the operation mode is set with priority given to the determination result of the toner cartridge 52.

As described above, the image forming apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment can accept an operation mode reservation before the toner cartridge 52 becomes empty and forcibly stops the printing operation. Switching of the operation mode accompanying the replacement can be performed smoothly. That is, since the image forming apparatus 10 performs the control regarding the forced stop of the printing operation and the control for accepting the selection of the operation mode at different timings, the control can be simplified. If the administrator makes a reservation for the operation mode in advance, a general user need only replace the toner cartridge 52 without considering switching of the operation mode, and a consumable item in each image forming apparatus 10. Management becomes easier.
In particular, when an operation mode suitable for each toner cartridge 52 other than a genuine product is prepared, an administrator having specialized knowledge sets an operation mode suitable for each toner cartridge 52. This is preferable because it can be selected in advance.

The image forming apparatus 10 determines a combination of the reserved operation mode and the newly installed toner cartridge 52 to prevent an apparatus failure due to a mismatch between the toner cartridge 52 and the operation mode. .
In many cases, after the toner cartridge replacement warning display 297 is displayed, a new toner cartridge 52 is ordered, so the operation mode reservation start message 298 and the toner cartridge replacement warning display 297 are displayed almost simultaneously. By doing so, it becomes easy to make the type of toner cartridge 52 (genuine or non-genuine) correspond to the reserved operation mode.

[Modification]
In the flowcharts (FIGS. 18 to 22), the setting of the operation mode mainly associated with the replacement of the toner cartridge 52 has been described. However, the setting of the operation mode should be performed at a timing unrelated to the replacement of the toner cartridge 52. Can do. That is, the screen 294 shown in FIG. 23 (A) can be displayed at any time, and the user touches the key button 296a of the screen 294 shown in FIG. 23 (A) displayed on the UI device 18. Thus, the operation mode selection screen 299 shown in FIG. 25 can be displayed.
When any operation mode is selected on the operation mode selection screen 299 during a period other than the period in which the reservation is received, the image forming apparatus 10 immediately applies the selected operation mode.

  Further, in the flowchart (FIG. 22), the image forming apparatus 10 shifts to the reserved operation mode using the toner cartridge 52 replacement detection (S202) as a trigger. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Instead, for example, the transition to the reserved operation mode may be performed with the passage of the usable period of the toner cartridge 52 as a trigger. In this case, the image forming apparatus 10 determines that the life count value 264 of the toner cartridge 52 is the lifetime without determining whether the combination of the reserved operation mode and the newly installed toner cartridge 52 is appropriate. When the threshold value 240 is reached, the reserved operation mode is entered.

In addition, the user can make a reservation for an operation mode using the host device 2. That is, the host device 2 displays the screen 294 (reservation start message 298 and toner cartridge replacement warning display 297 shown in FIG. 23B) in response to a request from the image forming apparatus 10 in S14 of FIG. When the key button 296b is clicked on this screen 294, an operation mode reservation screen 295 (FIG. 24) for accepting an operation mode reservation is displayed. When any of the operation modes is selected on the operation mode reservation screen 295, the host apparatus 2 notifies the image forming apparatus 10 of the selected operation mode as reserved. The image forming apparatus 10 transmits a reservation start message 298 or the like to the host apparatus 2 by e-mail, whereby the screen 294 (reservation start message 298 and toner cartridge replacement warning display 297 shown in FIG. 23B) is displayed. May be displayed on the host device 2.
As described above, the image forming apparatus 10 displays the reservation start message for prompting the reservation of the operation mode on the host device 2, and further receives the reservation of the operation mode via the host device 2. Thus, the administrator can make a reservation for the operation mode without going to the vicinity of the image forming apparatus 10.

1 is a schematic diagram of an image forming system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a side view illustrating an outline of an image forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a side view illustrating a state in which a replaceable unit of the image forming apparatus according to the embodiment of the invention is detached from the image forming apparatus main body. 1 is a perspective view showing a developing device of an image forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cross section of a developing device of the image forming apparatus according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a toner cartridge of the image forming apparatus according to the embodiment of the invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a toner cartridge of the image forming apparatus according to the embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of a wireless communication unit of the image forming apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of a memory chip of a toner cartridge used in the image forming apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the positional relationship of the radio | wireless communication part and memory chip which are performing radio | wireless communication. FIG. 3 is a side view showing a configuration of an image carrier unit used in the image forming apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a control unit of the image forming apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention and each unit connected to the control unit. It is a memory map which illustrates the data memorize | stored in program ROM, main body NVM, and unit NVM. 3 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration of a reservation management module 500 that is stored in a program ROM 224 and forms a part of an execution program 238. FIG. 10 is a graph showing changes in developer charging ability with respect to usage (life count value) stored in a main body NVM 228; 6 is a graph showing a setting for correcting a change in charging ability of a developer, and a graph showing a setting of an image density with respect to a usage amount of the developer. FIGS. 17A and 16B are graphs showing results corrected by the settings shown in FIG. 16, wherein FIG. 16A shows corrected toner density, and FIG. 16B shows corrected image density. 5 is a flowchart (S10) illustrating an operation of the image forming apparatus 10 regarding unit replacement. It is a flowchart (S20) which shows the setting process of the operation mode when there is no reservation. 10 is a flowchart (S50) showing a unit replacement detection process for detecting whether or not a toner cartridge has been replaced. It is a flowchart (S60) which shows the operation mode selection process which an image forming apparatus performs in order that a user may select an operation mode. It is a flowchart (S30) which shows the setting process of the operation mode when there is a reservation. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a screen displayed on a UI device, where (A) is a screen that accepts an input for starting selection of an operation mode, and (B) is an input for starting reservation of an operation mode. This is the screen to accept. It is a figure which illustrates the operation mode reservation screen which receives the reservation of an operation mode. 4A and 4B are diagrams illustrating examples of screens displayed on a UI device, where FIG. 5A is an operation mode selection screen when a genuine toner cartridge is installed, and FIG. It is an operation mode selection screen at the time.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Image forming system 2 Host apparatus 3 Network 10 Image forming apparatus 12 Image forming apparatus main body 18 UI apparatus 48 Developer 52 Toner cartridge 54 Image carrier 56 Wireless communication part 74 Intermediate transfer body 90 Image density sensor 106 Control part 108 Image carrier Unit 110 image forming unit 118 first auger 120 second auger 122 third auger 170 memory chip 184 unit NVM
202 CPU
224 program ROM
228 body NVM

Claims (8)

The device body;
A toner cartridge that is replaceably attached to the main body of the apparatus;
Image density setting with respect to the toner usage amount corresponding to the toner cartridge is a genuine one, corresponds to the toner cartridge is of the non-genuine article, an image density setting for toner usage corresponding to the toner cartridge is the genuine Input means for selecting an image density setting for other toner usage different from
Control means for controlling the image density setting for the toner usage selected by the input means;
When the image density setting for the toner usage is selected for the toner cartridge mounted after the toner cartridge by the input means before the mounted toner cartridge is replaced, the image density setting for the selected toner usage is set . Reservation accepting means for accepting as a reservation,
The toner contained in the genuine toner cartridge and the toner contained in the toner cartridge other than the genuine product have different characteristics,
The control means, when developing with toner stored in a toner cartridge that is a toner having a different characteristic and other than the genuine product, under the image density setting for the other toner usage amount , Compared with developing with toner stored in a genuine toner cartridge, the image density setting value is corrected with respect to the amount of toner used, and development is performed so that the image density to be formed does not fall below a predetermined value of the specification . To control and
The control means, the reservation if the receiving unit reservation of an image density setting for toner usage by is received, the image forming apparatus to apply the image density setting for toner usage according to the reservation accepted. Further comprising a life detecting means for detecting that the usable period of the installed toner cartridge has passed,
The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit starts control by setting an image density with respect to a reserved toner usage amount when an elapse of a usable period is detected by the life detection unit. A replacement detection means for detecting replacement of the toner cartridge;
The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit starts control by setting an image density with respect to a reserved toner usage amount when a replacement of the toner cartridge is detected by the replacement detection unit. Message output means for outputting a reservation start message for prompting reservation of image density setting for the toner usage amount at a timing immediately before the usable period of the toner cartridge elapses;
The reservation accepting unit is configured to use the selected toner usage when the image density setting for the toner usage amount is selected by the input unit between the timing when the reservation start message is output and the timing when the toner cartridge is replaced. The image forming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an image density setting with respect to an amount is received as a reservation. A determining means for determining whether the installed toner cartridge is genuine or non-genuine;
Wherein, the claims and the determination result by the determination means, in response to the combination of the image density setting for toner usage that has been reserved by said reservation means, for determining the image density setting for toner usage is to be applied The image forming apparatus according to any one of 1 to 4. The control means responds to the determination result when the image density setting for the toner usage corresponding to the determination result by the determination means does not match the image density setting for the toner usage reserved by the reservation receiving means. The image forming apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the control is started by applying an image density setting for the toner usage amount or an image density setting for the reserved toner usage amount . An image forming apparatus;
A host device connected to the image forming apparatus,
The host device is
Image density setting with respect to the toner usage amount corresponding to the toner cartridge is a genuine one, corresponds to the toner cartridge is of the non-genuine article, an image density setting for toner usage corresponding to the toner cartridge is the genuine And an input means for selecting an image density setting for another toner usage amount different from
The image forming apparatus includes:
The device body;
A toner cartridge that is replaceably attached to the main body of the apparatus;
Control means for performing control with image density setting for the toner usage selected by the input means;
When the image density setting for the toner usage is selected for the toner cartridge mounted after the toner cartridge by the input means before the mounted toner cartridge is replaced, the image density setting for the selected toner usage is set . Reservation accepting means for accepting as a reservation,
The toner contained in the genuine toner cartridge and the toner contained in the toner cartridge other than the genuine product have different characteristics,
The control means develops the toner contained in the toner cartridge that is different from the genuine toner and has a characteristic other than the genuine product under the image density setting for the other toner usage amount. Compared with developing with toner stored in a genuine toner cartridge, the image density setting value is corrected with respect to the amount of toner used, and development is performed so that the image density to be formed does not fall below a predetermined value of the specification . To control and
Wherein when a reservation for the image density setting for toner usage for the toner cartridge is accepted by the reservation unit, when the toner cartridge is mounted, the image density setting for toner usage reserved An image forming system that performs control. A control method of an image forming apparatus in which a toner cartridge is replaceably attached to an apparatus main body,
Image density settings for toner usage corresponding to genuine toner cartridges, and toner cartridges other than genuine products containing toner having different characteristics from the toner contained in the genuine toner cartridge Input to select an image density setting for another toner usage different from the image density setting for the toner usage corresponding to the genuine toner cartridge,
If the image density setting for the toner usage is selected for the toner cartridge installed after this toner cartridge before replacing the installed toner cartridge, the image density setting for the selected toner usage is accepted as a reservation. ,
On condition that the installed toner cartridge has been replaced, control is started with the image density setting for the reserved toner usage amount .
When developing toner contained in a toner cartridge that is different from the genuine toner but having the above characteristics, the genuine toner is used under the image density setting for the other toner usage amount. Compared to developing with toner stored in the cartridge, the image density setting value is corrected with respect to the amount of toner used, and control is performed so that the image density for image formation does not fall below a predetermined value of the specification. Control method of forming apparatus.

Images