JP4684761B2 - Power generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generator, and more particularly to a power generator that increases the effective electrical energy that can be used for other applications while protecting the generator from damage.

  Today, the effective use of energy is an urgent issue. As a device that can make effective use of unused energy, a closed system that uses the Rankine cycle uses a waste heat to evaporate the working medium, and the working medium vapor There is known a waste heat power generation apparatus that supplies electric power to a steam turbine to obtain electric power by driving a generator (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  On the other hand, the amount of power generated in such a power generation device can vary depending on the ambient environmental temperature. In other words, when the ambient environmental temperature decreases (rises), the energy that can be used in the steam turbine (the difference in enthalpy at the turbine inlet / outlet) increases (decreases), and the driving force of the generator increases (decreases). There is a case. In general, the generator is not designed and manufactured with specifications for the maximum work that can be considered in the power generation device, which may temporarily enter. Therefore, when the environmental temperature is very low, the mechanical work on the generator may exceed the power generation capacity. When mechanical work exceeding the maximum capacity is given to the generator, it becomes impossible to operate due to heat generation or temperature rise due to excessive current of the generator (which may lead to burning), or between the rotor and stator of the generator Insufficient torque may cause the rotor to rotate at a high speed, resulting in bearing burnout due to excessive rotation speed.

In general power generators, the amount of generated heat is reduced by reducing the amount of heat source heat or the amount of fuel supplied to limit the amount of heat input to the power generator, thereby protecting the generator. In a general power generator that does not particularly limit the heat required for evaporation of the working medium, it is preferable not to waste valuable heat.
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-110514 (2nd page, FIG. 1)

  However, in a power generation apparatus using exhaust heat, it is desirable to generate power by using as much as possible the exhaust heat supplied, and it is not necessary to save the amount of exhaust heat input to the power generation apparatus. In addition, when the exhaust heat to be used needs to be returned to a predetermined temperature, such as engine jacket warm water, it is necessary to remove the amount of heat that could not be used even if energy is used unless the heat is used up. is there. When protecting the generator by limiting the amount of heat input to the generator, the generator is protected at the expense of reducing the effective energy available for other uses that can be removed from the generator. .

  In view of the above-described problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a power generator that increases the effective electrical energy that can be used for other applications while protecting the generator from damage.

  In order to achieve the above object, a power generator according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a steam generator 10 that evaporates the working medium M by heat exchange with the heating medium H, for example, as shown in FIG. An expander 20 that expands the working medium M evaporated in the generator 10 to obtain mechanical power; a condenser 40 that condenses the working medium M expanded in the expander 20 by heat exchange with the cooling medium C; and an expander A generator 30 that is driven by the mechanical power obtained in 20 to generate electric power; a cooling medium introduction means 41 that operates by the electric power generated by the generator 30 and introduces the cooling medium C into the condenser 40; and the expander 20 And a control device 60 for controlling the electric power transmitted to the cooling medium introducing means 41 so that the operating condition of the generator 30 does not exceed a predetermined value. Typically, the electric power transmitted to the coolant introduction means 41 is reduced so that the rotational speed of the expander 20 and the generator 30 or the generated power of the generator 30 does not exceed a predetermined value.

  With this configuration, since the electric power transmitted to the cooling medium introducing means is controlled so that the operating conditions of the expander and the generator do not exceed a predetermined value, the condensing temperature of the working medium in the condenser is adjusted to adjust the expander The mechanical power of the generator can be adjusted and the generator can be protected from damage. Typically, the power transmitted to the cooling medium introducing means is reduced so that the rotation speed of the expander and the generator or the generated power of the generator does not exceed a predetermined value. Among them, the ratio of the electric power consumed in the power generation device is reduced, and the effective electrical energy that can be used for other purposes that can be taken out from the power generation device can be increased.

  In addition, the power generation device according to the invention described in claim 2 includes a current detector 81 for detecting a current generated by the generator 30 in the power generation device 1 according to claim 1, for example as shown in FIG. A power detector 82 that detects the power generated by the generator 30, a coil temperature detector 83 that detects the temperature of the stator coil of the generator 30, a speed detector 84 that detects the rotational speed of the rotor of the generator 30, and an operation At least one detector of a condensing temperature detector 85 for detecting the condensing temperature of the medium M and a cooling medium temperature detector 86 for detecting the temperature of the cooling medium C introduced into the condenser 40; The electric power transmitted to the coolant introduction means 41 is controlled based on the value detected by the detector.

  If comprised in this way, it can control so that the operating condition of an expander and a generator may not exceed predetermined value with the value detected by one of the above-mentioned detectors, and simplification of control in a range where there is no practical problem Can be achieved.

  Further, the power generator according to the invention described in claim 3 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, in the power generator 1 according to claim 1 or 2, the working medium M evaporated by the steam generator 10 is A bypass flow path 56 for bypassing the expander 20 and introducing it into the condenser 40; the controller 60 evaporates in the steam generator 10 so that the operating conditions of the expander 20 and the generator 30 do not exceed predetermined values The working medium M is introduced into the condenser 40 via the bypass flow path 56.

  With this configuration, the working medium evaporated by the steam generator is introduced to the condenser via the bypass channel so that the operating conditions of the expander and the generator do not exceed a predetermined value. Speeds up response to measures that avoid speed and protect from damage.

  To achieve the above object, a power generator according to a fourth aspect of the present invention includes a steam generator 10 that evaporates the working medium M by heat exchange with the heating medium H, for example, as shown in FIG. An expander 20 that expands the working medium M evaporated in the generator 10 to obtain mechanical power; a condenser 40 that condenses the working medium M expanded in the expander 20 by heat exchange with the cooling medium C; and an expander A generator 30 that is driven by the mechanical power obtained at 20 to generate electric power; a heating medium introduction means 16 that operates by electric power generated by the generator 30 or commercial power and introduces the heating medium H into the evaporator 10; And a control device 60 that controls the power transmitted to the heating medium introducing means 16 so that the operating conditions of the expander 20 and the generator 30 do not exceed a predetermined value. Typically, the electric power transmitted to the heating medium introducing unit 16 is reduced so that the rotational speeds of the expander 20 and the generator 30 or the generated power of the generator 30 do not exceed a predetermined value.

  With this configuration, the electric power transmitted to the heating medium introducing means is controlled so that the operating conditions of the expander and the generator do not exceed a predetermined value. Therefore, the amount of working medium evaporated by the steam generator is adjusted and expanded. The energy available in the machine can be adjusted to adjust the mechanical power of the expander and protect the generator from damage.

  Moreover, the electric power generating apparatus which concerns on invention of Claim 5 is as shown in FIG. 1, for example, in the electric power generating apparatus 1 of Claim 4, the heating medium H is gas.

  If comprised in this way, the power consumption of a heating medium introduction means will become large, and the effect of controlling the electric power transmitted to a heating medium introduction means will become large.

  According to the present invention, since the electric power transmitted to the cooling medium introducing means is controlled so that the operating conditions of the expander and the generator do not exceed a predetermined value, the condensing temperature of the working medium in the condenser is adjusted to expand the expander. The mechanical power of the generator can be adjusted and the generator can be protected from damage. Typically, the power transmitted to the cooling medium introducing means is reduced so that the rotation speed of the expander and the generator or the generated power of the generator does not exceed a predetermined value. Among them, the ratio of the electric power consumed in the power generation device is reduced, and the effective electrical energy that can be used for other purposes that can be taken out from the power generation device can be increased. In addition, when controlling the power transmitted to the heating medium introduction means so that the operating conditions of the expander and generator do not exceed a predetermined value, the amount of working medium evaporated by the steam generator is adjusted and used in the expander The energy that can be adjusted can adjust the mechanical power of the expander and protect the generator from damage.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each figure, the same or corresponding devices are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

With reference to FIG. 1, the structure of the electric power generating apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the power generation device 1.
The power generation apparatus 1 includes a steam generator 10 that evaporates the working medium M by exchanging heat with the heating medium H, an expander 20 that expands the evaporated working medium M to obtain mechanical power, and the expander 20 and the shaft. Are connected to each other through a generator 30 that is driven by mechanical power from the expander 20 to generate AC power Ea, and a condenser 40 that condenses the expanded working medium M by exchanging heat with the cooling medium C, and A cooling medium introducing means 41 for introducing the cooling medium C into the condenser 40 and a control device 60 are provided.

Here, when dichlorotrifluoroethane HCFC123 having a boiling point of around 40 ° C. or trifluoroethanol CF ₃ CH ₂ OH or the like is used as the working medium, exhaust gas of about 200 to 400 ° C. or exhaust hot water of 100 to 150 ° C. is comparatively used. Using a low-temperature heat source, these heat energies are first converted into high-pressure steam of the working medium M, thereby rotating the turbine (not shown) directly connected to the generator 30 by the expander 20 to generate electricity. be able to. Further, since the pressure is increased, the expander 20 and the like can be made compact. However, the working medium M is not limited to these, and may be other chlorofluorocarbons such as pentafluoropropane R245fa, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, alcohol, or the like, or water. Moreover, the heating medium H should just have the heat which evaporates the working medium M, such as exhaust gas of an incinerator, exhaust hot water, and engine jacket warm water. The power generation apparatus 1 includes a heating medium transporter 16 that pumps the heating medium H to the steam generator 10, and the heating medium transporter 16 is configured to be operated by electric power generated by the generator 30 or commercial power. ing. The cooling medium C will be described later.

  The steam generator 10 and the expander 20 are connected by a pipe 53 that is a flow path of the evaporated working medium M. The piping 53 is provided with a gate valve 51 that can block the flow of the evaporated working medium M and adjust the flow rate by adjusting the opening degree. The expander 20 and the condenser 40 are connected by a pipe 54 that is a flow path of the expanded working medium M. The condenser 40 and the steam generator 10 are connected by a pipe 55 that is a flow path of the condensed working medium M. A working medium pump 50 that pumps the condensed working medium M toward the steam generator 10 is disposed in the pipe 55. The pipe 53 between the steam generator 10 and the gate valve 51 and the condenser 40 are connected by a bypass pipe 56 that bypasses the expander 20 and introduces the working medium M evaporated to the condenser 40. . The bypass piping 56 is provided with a bypass gate valve 52 that can control the flow rate by blocking the flow of the evaporated working medium M and adjusting the opening degree.

  The generator 30 is connected to a rectifier 61 that converts generated AC power Ea into DC power Ed via an electric cable. The rectifier 61 is connected to an inverter 62 that converts DC power Ed into AC power Pg via an electric cable. In the present embodiment, the inverter 62 is grid-connected to a commercial power supply that supplies grid power via an electric cable. The generator 30 is connected to an oil pipe 34 that circulates lubricating oil to be sent to the bearing, and the oil pipe 34 is provided with an oil pump 32 that circulates oil. An oil cooler 33 for cooling the oil is disposed in the oil pipe 34. The oil cooler 33 is connected to an oil cooling pipe 35 through which an oil cooling medium M1 for cooling the oil flows. In the present embodiment, as the oil cooling medium M1, a part of the working medium M condensed by the condenser 40 is divided and used. The oil cooling pipe 35 is connected to the secondary pipe 55 and the condenser 40 of the working medium pump 50.

  The power generation apparatus 1 includes a cooling medium introduction unit 41 that introduces the cooling medium C into the condenser 40. In the present embodiment, the cooling medium introduction unit 41 includes a cooling water pump 43 that pumps the cooling water C as a cooling medium to the condenser 40 and a cooling tower 42 that cools the cooling water C. . The fan 42f and the cooling water pump 43 of the cooling tower 42 are each connected to the inverter 62 via an electric cable (not shown), and are configured to operate by receiving electric power generated by the generator 30 or commercial electric power. ing. As described above, the cooling medium introducing means 41 adjusts the cooling medium C so as to hold the amount of cold heat necessary for condensing the working medium M in the condenser 40 and introduces it into the condenser 40. is there.

  Further, the power generation apparatus 1 includes a current detector 81 that detects the intensity of the current generated by the generator 30 and a DC voltage detector 88 that detects the magnitude of the DC voltage converted by the rectifier 61. Yes. Moreover, you may provide the electric power detector 82 which detects the magnitude | size of the electric power generated with the generator 30. FIG. The current detector 81, the DC voltage detector 88, and the power detector 82 (when provided) are provided inside the control device 60. Furthermore, instead of the above-mentioned detector or together with the above-described detector, a coil temperature detector 83 for detecting the temperature of the stator coil of the generator 30 and a speed detector for detecting the rotational speed of the rotor of the generator 30 84 and a cooling medium temperature detector 86 for detecting the temperature of the cooling medium C introduced into the condenser 40 may be provided. These detectors are for grasping the state of the device so that the rotation speed of the expander 20 and the generator 30 or the generated power of the generator 30 does not exceed a predetermined value.

  If the detector provided in the power generation device 1 is the current detector 81, it can be directly detected whether or not there is an overcurrent. When the power detector 82 is used, the amount of electrical energy generated by the generator 30 can be detected. The power value may be calculated from the current value and the voltage value. Further, when the coil temperature detector 83 is used, the temperature of the generator 30 can be directly detected, so that it is easy to prevent overheating. When the speed detector 84 is used, the rotational speed can be directly detected from the viewpoint of preventing the excessive rotation speed of the generator 30. Since there is a correlation between the rotational speed of the rotor and the frequency of the generated power, the frequency of the generated power may be detected instead of detecting the speed of the rotor, and the concept of the speed detector includes a frequency detector. Shall be included. Further, when the cooling medium temperature detector 86 is used, the approximate condensation temperature of the working medium M can be detected by a simple means. In the case of exchanging heat between the cooling medium C and the outside air, the cooling water temperature may be obtained from the outside air temperature, and the concept of the cooling medium temperature detector includes the outside air temperature detector 93 that detects the outside air temperature.

  Further, the power generation apparatus 1 includes a steam temperature detector 91 that detects the temperature of the steam of the working medium M, a steam pressure detector 92 that detects the pressure of the steam of the working medium M, and the working medium M condensed by the condenser 40. And a condensing temperature detector 85 for detecting the pressure from the temperature of the saturated liquid of the working medium M. The steam temperature detector 91 and the steam pressure detector 92 may be configured integrally. For simplicity, it may be configured to detect either the temperature or the pressure of the working medium M. Further, a condensing pressure detector 95 may be provided instead of the condensing temperature detector 85 to directly obtain the condensing pressure of the working medium M. Further, the temperature of the heating medium H may be detected by the heat source temperature detector 94 instead of the steam temperature detector 91, and the temperature of the steam of the working medium M may be calculated therefrom. The enthalpy difference (h3−h4) before and after the expander 20 can be obtained from the steam temperature detector 91, the steam pressure detector 92, and the condensation temperature detector 85 (condensation pressure detector 95).

  The control device 60 typically includes a rectifier 61, an inverter 62, a current detector 81, and a DC voltage detector 88. Further, the rotation speed of the fan 42f and the cooling water pump 43 can be increased or decreased within the range of the design value. Moreover, it connects with each of the gate valve 51 and the bypass gate valve 52 by the signal cable not shown, and it is comprised so that it can open / close by transmitting an opening / closing signal to these. Moreover, it connects with each detector 82-86, 91-95 with the signal cable not shown, and it is comprised so that the value detected by each detector 82-86, 91-95 can be taken in.

Next, with reference to FIG.1 and FIG.2, the effect | action of the electric power generating apparatus 1 is demonstrated.
FIG. 2 is a Ph diagram (the pressure P is taken on the vertical axis and the enthalpy h is taken on the horizontal axis) for explaining changes in the state of the working medium M. Also, the curve in FIG. 2 connects the state points of the working medium M with a degree of excitement of 0 and degree of excitement of 1. In the following description, it is assumed that the expander 20 includes a turbine (not shown) and that the heating medium H is engine jacket hot water.
The steam generator 10, the expander 20, the condenser 40 and the pipes 53, 54, and 55 that connect them constitute a closed system of the working medium M, and the power generator 1 performs the Rankine cycle and is obtained by the expander 20. Electric power is generated by the generator 30 driven by the generated mechanical driving force.

  The liquid working medium M is pumped to the steam generator 10 by the working medium pump 50 (state 1 → state 2). The working medium M that has flowed into the steam generator 10 is exchanged with the jacket warm water H to become saturated steam or superheated steam (state 2 → state 3). The working medium M that has become steam flows into the expander 20. Here, during steady operation, the gate valve 51 is open and the bypass gate valve 52 is closed. Accordingly, all of the working medium vapor M flows into the expander 20. The working medium vapor | steam M which flowed into the expander 20 carries out adiabatic expansion through a turbine (state 3-> state 4). At this time, the moving blades of the turbine are rotated by the working medium M to obtain mechanical power (conversion from thermal energy to mechanical energy). The generator 30 connected to the expander 20 is driven by the obtained mechanical power, and the generator 30 generates power (conversion from mechanical energy to electrical energy). The mechanical power obtained by the expander 20 varies depending on the difference in enthalpy of the working medium M before and after the expander 20 (h3-h4: heat drop). When the enthalpy difference is large, a large mechanical power can be obtained, and when the enthalpy difference is small, the obtained mechanical power is also small. The working medium M expanded by the expander 20 flows into the condenser 40, exchanges heat with the cooling water C, condenses, and becomes a liquid working medium M (state 4 → state 1). The working medium M returned to the liquid is pumped again to the steam generator 10 by the working medium pump 50, and the same cycle is performed thereafter.

  The AC power Ea generated by the generator 30 is sent to the rectifier 61 and converted into DC power Ed, and then sent to the inverter 62 and converted into AC power Pg, so that the frequency is equal to the system power of the commercial power supply. Tuned. The AC power Pg adjusted by the inverter 62 is grid-connected and transmitted to the fan 42f, the cooling water pump 43, and the power load (not shown). The fan 42f and the cooling water pump 43 operate by receiving power supply from a commercial power source when there is no power generation by the generator 30. Strictly speaking, it is not possible to distinguish whether the AC power after grid connection is generated by the generator 30 or supplied from a commercial power source, but as a concept, it is generated from the power generated by the generator 30. The remaining power obtained by subtracting the power consumed in the device 1 is effective power that can be taken out from the power generation device 1 and can be used by the power load outside the power generation device 1. The electric power consumed in the power generator 1 may be supplied directly or via an inverter for cooling medium introduction means (not shown).

  The jacket hot water H whose temperature has been lowered by exchanging heat with the working medium M in the steam generator 10 is guided to an engine (not shown) and used for cooling the engine. After the temperature has risen, steam is again used as a heat source for the power generator 1. Introduced into the generator 10. Further, the cooling water C whose temperature has increased by exchanging heat with the working medium M in the condenser 40 is discharged to the atmosphere by the cooling tower 42 and the temperature is lowered. Pumped. Here, since the temperature of the jacket warm water H is almost constant with almost no fluctuation, the evaporation temperature of the working medium M in the steam generator 10 is substantially constant. On the other hand, the temperature of the cooling water C changes due to changes in ambient environmental conditions such as the outside air temperature.

  When the outside air temperature decreases, the temperature of the cooling water C pumped to the condenser 40 decreases, and the condensing temperature of the working medium M in the condenser 40 decreases accordingly. In FIG. 2, the state 4 has moved to the state 4 ′ where the pressure is lower than the state 4 and the enthalpy is small. As apparent from FIG. 2, when the condensation temperature in the condenser 40 decreases as the outside air temperature decreases, and the cycle of the working medium M shifts from the state 4 to the state 4 ′, the enthalpy difference, that is, mechanical power is increased. The thermal energy converted is increased. When the heat energy increases and the work of the turbine increases, the driving force of the generator 30 also increases. The generator 30 is not designed to withstand the maximum work load that can be assumed by the power generator 1. If the specification can withstand the maximum work load that can be assumed by the power generation device 1, it is uneconomical to produce a generator at a great cost due to a rare occurrence. On the other hand, when the mechanical work exceeding the allowable amount is given to the generator 30, heat generation or temperature rise due to excessive current may result in inoperability, or the torque between the generator rotor and stator may be insufficient. May rotate at a high speed, resulting in bearing burnout due to excessive rotation speed. Even if economy is taken into consideration, it is necessary to avoid such damage to the generator 30.

  The power generator 1 performs the following control in order to avoid damage to the generator 30. The control device 60 detects the value of the current generated by the generator 30 with the current detector 81, and when the maximum allowable current value of the generator 30 is likely to exceed a predetermined value, the cooling tower 42 is detected. The rotational speed of the fan 42f is decreased, the number of the fans 42f is controlled, and / or the rotational speed of the cooling water pump 43 is decreased. When the rotational speed of the fan 42f is reduced or the number of units is controlled, the amount of heat in the cooling water C removed by the cooling tower 42 decreases, so the temperature of the cooling water C pumped to the condenser 40 increases. When the rotational speed of the cooling water pump 43 decreases, the flow rate of the cooling water C pumped to the condenser 40 decreases. When the temperature of the cooling water C rises or the flow rate decreases, the condensation temperature of the working medium M in the condenser 40 rises. As the condensing temperature of the working medium M rises, the enthalpy difference decreases (see FIG. 2), so that the mechanical power obtained by the expander 20 decreases, and the power generation amount in the power generator 30 also decreases. It can protect against damage such as temperature rise and burning.

  At the same time, a decrease in the rotational speed of the fan 42f, control of the number of units, and / or a decrease in the rotational speed of the cooling water pump 43 is accompanied by a decrease in the amount of power transmitted to the fan 42f and / or the cooling water pump 43. Since the fan 42f and the cooling water pump 43 are operated by the electric power generated by the generator 30, the power that can be transmitted to the outside of the power generator 1, that is, the effective electric power that can be used for other applications, when the power consumption decreases. Will increase. In particular, the motive power of the fan 42f may occupy about 10% of the electric power generated by the generator 30, so that it is significant to reduce the motive power.

  At this time, even if the rotational speed of the fan 42f is decreased, the number of units is controlled, and / or the rotational speed of the cooling water pump 43 is decreased, it is reflected in the decrease in the condensation temperature of the working medium M in the condenser 40. Since a certain amount of time is required, the pace at which the power generation current of the generator 30 increases may be greater. In such a case, the control device 60 adjusts the opening degree of the bypass gate valve 52 in the opening direction, passes a part of the vapor of the working medium M through the bypass flow path 56, bypasses the expander 20, and the condenser 40. To flow into. In this way, the amount of steam of the working medium M passing through the turbine of the expander 20 is reduced, so that the mechanical power of the turbine can be limited without requiring time, and the amount of power generated by the generator 30 is also reduced. It can reduce and can protect the generator 30 from damage, such as a temperature rise and burning. It should be noted that the opening adjustment of the gate valve 51 may be used in combination.

  However, the protection of the generator 30 by the bypass of the steam of the working medium M does not reduce the power of the fan 42f and the cooling water pump 43, so it is used only for emergency evacuation, and to the fan 42f and the cooling water pump 43 as much as possible. It is preferable to increase the effective electrical energy by protecting the generator 30 from damage by reducing power transmission. Therefore, the bypass gate valve 52 once opened may be gradually closed to shift the enthalpy difference adjustment function to the fan 42f or the cooling water pump 43. Further, it is preferable that the bypass gate valve 52 handles the amount that cannot be adjusted by the fan 42f or the cooling water pump 43.

  As described above, when the heating medium H is the engine jacket warm water, the reduction of the mechanical power of the expander 20 due to the reduction of the introduction amount of the heating medium H to the steam generator 10 is not considered. . If the amount of heat exchanged between the jacket warm water H and the working medium M is reduced by reducing the amount of jacket warm water H introduced into the steam generator 10, the jacket warm water H will not be cooled sufficiently and the engine cannot be cooled. In this case, the jacket hot water must be cooled even if energy is used separately. However, in the case where it is not necessary to lower the heating medium H to a predetermined temperature, such as exhaust gas from the incinerator, exhaust hot water, etc., the heating medium introduced by the steam generator 10 is reduced by reducing the rotational speed of the heating medium transporter 16. The flow rate of H may be decreased. This reduces the amount of heat exchanged between the heating medium H and the working medium M and reduces the amount of steam generated from the working medium M, so that the mechanical power of the turbine can be limited. Thus, the generator 30 can be protected from damage such as a temperature rise and burnout, and the power transmission to the heating medium transporter 16 is reduced, so that the electric energy that can be effectively used increases. In this case, it goes without saying that the control of the cooling medium introducing means 41 and / or the opening adjustment of the gate valve 51 and the bypass gate valve 52 may be used in combination.

Next, with reference to FIG. 3, the electric power generating apparatus 2 which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of the power generation device 2. Hereinafter, differences between the power generation device 1 and the power generation device 2 will be mainly described, and description of common portions will be omitted.
The power generator 2 is configured such that the condenser 40 is air-cooled. Therefore, the cooling medium C becomes air. Further, the cooling medium introducing means 41 is constituted by an air cooling fan 45. Other configurations are the same as those of the power generation apparatus 1.

  The function of the power generation device 2 is the same as that of the power generation device 1 except that the destination of limiting power transmission for protection of the generator 30 is the air cooling fan 45 instead of the fan 42f and the cooling water pump 43 in the power generation device 1. It is. That is, when the outside air temperature decreases, the temperature of the working medium M in the condenser 40 decreases, and the enthalpy difference before and after the turbine increases, so that the work of the turbine of the expander 20 increases, the driving force of the generator 30 also increases. To do. In order to prevent damage to the generator 30 due to this, the control device 60 detects the value of the current generated by the generator 30 with the current detector 81, and if the value exceeds the predetermined value, the control device 60 The condensing temperature of the working medium M in the condenser 40 is increased by reducing the rotational speed and controlling the number of units. In this way, the difference in enthalpy of the working medium M before and after the expander 20 is reduced, the mechanical power obtained by the expander 20 is decreased, the amount of power generation in the generator 30 is also decreased, and the temperature of the generator 30 is increased or burned out. Protect from damage. At this time, the amount of power transmitted to the air cooling fans 45 is reduced for the purpose of reducing the rotational speed of the air cooling fans 45, controlling the number of units, etc., so that the effective electrical energy extracted from the power generator 2 increases. If the decrease in the condensing temperature of the working medium M in the condenser 40 cannot follow the suppression of the power generation amount of the generator 30 due to the decrease in the rotational speed of the air cooling fans 45 or the number control, the gate valve 51 and the bypass gate valve 52 It is the same as that of the power generator 1 that the opening degree adjustment may be used together. Needless to say, when the heating medium H does not need to be reduced to a predetermined temperature, such as exhaust gas from the incinerator or exhaust hot water, the rotational speed of the heating medium transporter 16 may be decreased.

  Next, although not illustrated, a power generation apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As a power generator according to the third embodiment, seawater or river water may be used as the cooling medium C in the configuration of the power generator 1, and the cooling tower 42 may be omitted. In this case, the cooling medium introducing means 41 is the cooling water pump 43. If comprised in this way, the electric power which can be effectively utilized increases since the fan whose power required generally is larger than a pump can be abbreviate | omitted.

  In the above description, based on the value detected by the current detector 81, the power transmission to the cooling medium introducing means 41, the opening of the gate valve 51 and the bypass gate valve 52, and the power transmission to the heating medium transporter 16 are controlled. However, you may control based on the value detected with the other detectors 82-86.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generating apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 6 is a Ph diagram illustrating a change in the state of the working medium M. FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electric power generating apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power generator 10 Steam generator 20 Expander 30 Generator 40 Condenser 41 Cooling medium introduction means 56 Bypass flow path 60 Control device 81 Current detector 82 Power detector 83 Coil temperature detector 84 Speed detector 85 Condensing temperature detector 86 Cooling medium temperature detector C Cooling medium H Heating medium M Working medium

Claims (5)

A steam generator for evaporating the working medium by heat exchange with the heating medium;
An expander that obtains mechanical power by expanding the working medium evaporated by the steam generator;
A condenser that condenses the working medium expanded in the expander by heat exchange with the cooling medium;
A generator that generates power by being driven by mechanical power obtained by the expander;
A cooling medium introducing means that operates with electric power generated by the generator or commercial electric power and introduces the cooling medium into the condenser;
A control device that controls electric power transmitted to the cooling medium introducing means so that operating conditions of the expander and the generator do not exceed a predetermined value;
Power generation device. A current detector that detects current generated by the generator, a power detector that detects power generated by the generator, a coil temperature detector that detects the temperature of a stator coil of the generator, and the generator At least one of a speed detector that detects the rotational speed of the rotor, a condensation temperature detector that detects the condensation temperature of the working medium, and a cooling medium temperature detector that detects the temperature of the cooling medium introduced into the condenser Equipped with a detector;
The control device is configured to control electric power transmitted to the cooling medium introducing means based on a value detected by the detector;
The power generation device according to claim 1. A bypass flow path for bypassing the expander and introducing the working medium evaporated in the steam generator into the condenser;
The control device is configured to introduce the working medium evaporated by the steam generator to the condenser through the bypass channel so that operating conditions of the expander and the generator do not exceed a predetermined value. Was;
The power generation device according to claim 1 or 2. A steam generator for evaporating the working medium by heat exchange with the heating medium;
An expander that obtains mechanical power by expanding the working medium evaporated by the steam generator;
A condenser that condenses the working medium expanded in the expander by heat exchange with the cooling medium;
A generator that generates power by being driven by mechanical power obtained by the expander;
A heating medium introducing means that operates with electric power generated by the generator or commercial electric power and introduces the heating medium into the evaporator;
A control device that controls electric power transmitted to the heating medium introducing means so that operating conditions of the expander and the generator do not exceed a predetermined value;
Power generation device. The power generation device according to claim 4, wherein the heating medium is a gas.

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