JP4677330B2 - Cylindrical specimen preparation equipment for bedrock - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a columnar specimen preparation apparatus for rock. More specifically, the present invention relates to an apparatus for excavating a cylindrical test body for measuring the strength and the like of a rock mass from the rock mass.

  As a conventional apparatus for excavating a cylindrical specimen from a rock, for example, there is a rotary boring apparatus for shallow excavation (Patent Document 1).

  As shown in FIG. 8, the boring device 100 includes a horizontal frame 101, a gate-shaped lifting frame 102 that rises vertically from the horizontal frame 101, a lifting platform 103 that moves up and down along the lifting frame 102, and a lifting platform An electric motor 104 fixed on the horizontal base 101 as an elevating driving means 103, a boring rod 105 rotatably supported by the elevating base 103, an excavation bit fixed to the tip of the boring rod 105, etc. It has a sampler (also referred to as a core barrel) 107 having a thinly processed tip peripheral edge, and an electric motor 108 fixed on the lifting platform 103 as a rotation driving means for the boring rod 105. Then, the electric motor 108 is rotated to rotate the core barrel 107 through the boring rod 105, and the electric motor 104 lowers the lifting platform 103 in the direction of the arrow 109 to advance the boring while feeding. That is, the core barrel 107 is supported only by the boring rod 105 disposed at the center and is given a rotational driving force. The core barrel 107 is lowered by the action of the lifting platform 103 and performs excavation with the excavation bit at the tip periphery. .

JP 2001-220987 A

  However, in the boring device 100 of Patent Document 1, the mechanism for supporting the core barrel 107 and the boring rod 105 that transmits the rotational drive is only the lifting platform 103 provided in the boring device 100 installed on the ground. Therefore, when the excavation is advanced and the lifting platform 103, which is a support mechanism for the boring rod 105, is separated from the core barrel 107, the rotation axis of the core barrel 107 is likely to be shaken, and the surface of the specimen is uneven and the shape is distorted. There is a problem.

  Further, since the boring device 100 of Patent Document 1 excavates the ground at the peripheral edge of the core barrel 107 itself provided with a drilling bit or thinly processed, a cylindrical shape in the core barrel 107 and the inner peripheral surface of the core barrel 107 are provided. The gap with the side surface of the test body (hereinafter referred to as a cylindrical test body) is very small. Therefore, the inner peripheral surface of the core barrel 107 and the side surface of the cylindrical specimen in the core barrel 107 come into contact with each other and damage the cylindrical specimen when the rotational axis of the core barrel 107 rotating at a high speed during excavation is slightly shaken. There is a problem. Furthermore, the rock fragments that have fallen off from the cylindrical specimen during excavation enter between the side of the cylindrical specimen and the inner peripheral surface of the core barrel 107, bite into the side of the cylindrical specimen, and roll on the side of the cylindrical specimen by the rotation of the core barrel 107. Or the like, and there is a problem that the cylindrical specimen is damaged.

  Furthermore, in the boring device 100 of Patent Document 1, there is only one motor that rotates the core barrel 107, which is the excavation means of the ground, via the boring rod 105. When the cylindrical specimen to be manufactured is large, the core barrel 107 However, there is a problem in that a large output rotation drive means is required as the rotational power of the rotation and the rotation drive means becomes large and the excavation apparatus for the cylindrical specimen becomes large.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a columnar specimen preparation device for a rock mass that prevents the rotation of the rotation axis of a core barrel excavating the cylindrical specimen. Also provided is a columnar specimen preparation apparatus for rock bed that prevents damage to the cylindrical specimen due to contact between the inner peripheral surface of the core barrel and the cylindrical specimen in the core barrel and peeling of a piece of the cylindrical specimen in the core barrel during excavation. For the purpose. It is another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for producing a cylindrical specimen of a rock that does not require a large output and a large rotational drive means.

  In order to achieve such an object, a columnar test body preparation apparatus according to claim 1 includes a cylindrical casing, one or more excavations protruding from the lower end of the casing and rotatably supported by the lower end. Means, a first driving means for rotating the excavating means, and three or more members arranged to be spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction of the casing and sandwiching the casing and contacting the outer peripheral surface of the casing to rotatably support the casing A wheel and second drive means for rotating at least one of the wheels are provided.

  Therefore, according to this columnar specimen preparation apparatus for rock mass, the excavation means disposed at the peripheral edge of the casing rotates and the excavation means revolves by rotating the casing while supporting the outer periphery of the casing supporting the excavation means. As a result, the cylindrical specimen is excavated. That is, excavation is performed by rotating while supporting the outer peripheral surface of the casing itself for excavating the rock.

  Further, the excavating means rotates and the casing is fed to revolve the excavating means to form an annular excavation groove, and the casing is inserted into the excavation groove for excavation. Further, since the excavation is not performed by rotating the casing at a high speed and the peripheral edge of the casing itself, excavation is performed by slowly rotating the casing.

  Further, by separately providing a driving means for rotating the excavating means and a driving means for rotating the excavating means by rotating the casing, the driving force required for excavating the rock mass is dispersed.

The invention of claim 2, in the cylindrical test preparation device of the rock of claim 1 Symbol mounting, so that with a third drive means for tilting the wheel. In this case, since the thrust of raising and lowering is simultaneously applied to the casing due to the inclination of the wheels, the casing can be lowered or raised. In addition, since the thrust applied to the casing is changed by changing the inclination angle of the wheel, it is possible to adjust the raising / lowering speed of the casing, and excavation can be performed while controlling the raising / lowering of the casing.

  According to the columnar specimen preparation apparatus for rock according to the present invention, the cylindrical specimen is excavated by rotating the casing and revolving the excavating means while supporting the outer periphery of the casing supporting the excavating means. Excavation of a cylindrical specimen with reduced rotational axis vibration is possible, and a cylindrical specimen with no surface irregularities and shape distortion can be produced.

  In addition, vibration of the casing is suppressed, and a sufficient clearance is secured between the cylindrical specimen and the casing by forming an annular excavation groove, so that the cylindrical specimen and the inner peripheral surface of the casing are in contact with each other. Thus, it is possible to produce a good specimen without scratching the specimen. In addition, the excavation means excavates the bedrock by rotation, and the casing only feeds the excavation means, so there is no need to rotate it at high speed, and by forming an annular excavation groove, there is sufficient space between the cylindrical specimen and the casing. A gap is secured. Therefore, even if a part of the specimen is peeled off, the stripped piece will fall down without being caught in the rotation of the casing, and there is no possibility of being bitten between the cylindrical specimen and the casing and damaging the cylindrical specimen. As a result, it is possible to produce a good specimen without scratches.

  Further, since the driving means required for excavation of the rock mass is dispersed by separately providing the driving means for rotating the excavating means and the driving means for feeding the casing and revolving the excavating means, the large output and A large driving means is not required, and the driving means is large and the manufacturing apparatus is not enlarged.

  Furthermore, since the thrust of the lift is applied to the casing simultaneously with the rotation due to the inclination of the wheel, a large lifting platform for raising and lowering the casing and its power source are not required, and the apparatus becomes compact accordingly. Moreover, since excavation is performed while controlling the raising and lowering of the casing by changing the thrust applied to the casing, the excavation speed can be adjusted according to the hardness of the rock mass, and efficient excavation can be performed. Further, even when the rock mass is hard and excavation cannot be proceeded only by the weight of the casing, the hard rock mass can be excavated by further applying a thrust in the descending direction to the casing in addition to the own weight.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail based on the best mode shown in the drawings.

  FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 show an example of an embodiment of an apparatus for producing a cylindrical specimen of a rock according to the present invention.

  This columnar specimen preparation apparatus 1 includes a cylindrical casing 21, a drilling means 24 that protrudes from a lower end 21b of the casing 21 and is rotatably supported by the lower end 21b, and a first driving means that rotates the drilling means 24. 22, a wheel 33 that is spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the casing 21, holds the casing, contacts the outer peripheral surface of the casing 21, and rotatably supports the casing 21, and a second drive that rotates the wheel 33 And means 35.

  The magnitude | size of the casing 21 is set according to the diameter and height of the cylindrical test body 42 to produce. Specifically, the diameter of the cylindrical specimen 42 is uniquely determined by the diameter of the trajectory inside the excavating means 24 and the rod 23 needs to be outside the trajectory inside thereof. The size of the casing 21 is determined to have a diameter and height that can accommodate the 42 and the rod 23 inside. The size of the cylindrical specimen 42 may be any size as long as it is a size required for the cylindrical specimen. The casing 21 is made of a material having a certain rigidity, and specifically, for example, a steel material.

  The first drive means 22 is, for example, a motor installed on the upper end portion 21 a of the casing 21. The first drive means 22 is provided for each excavation means 24 and is independently controlled.

  In this embodiment, the rod 23 is provided to transmit the rotational drive of the first drive means 22 to the excavation means 24. The rod 23 is parallel to the axial center of the casing 21 and is concentrically arranged inside the casing 21, one end of which is connected to the first driving means 22 and the excavation means 24 attached to the other end. Passes through the casing 21 so as to protrude from the lower end 21 b of the casing 21.

  In this embodiment, in order to cool the excavating means 24 and reduce the frictional force between the excavating means 24 and the rock mass 40, a water channel 23a for supplying water to the excavation surface is provided in the axial center portion of the rod 23. . This water channel 23 a also penetrates the excavating means 24, whereby water is supplied to the excavation surface corresponding to the bottom of the excavation groove 41. In addition, in order to supply water to the water channel 23a inside the rod 23 rotating from the upper end portion 21a side of the casing 21, a water swivel 25 is provided at the upper end portion 21a to pour water into the water channel 23a.

  The rod 23 is rotatably supported by a water swivel 25 fixed to the upper end portion 21a of the casing 21, and is rotatably supported by a bearing 27 fixed to the lower end portion 21b. The method for transmitting the driving force of the first driving means 22 to the rod 23 is not particularly limited, and the motor shaft of the first driving means 22 and the rod 23 are directly coupled as in this embodiment. Alternatively, it may be transmitted via a gear or a belt. Moreover, when transmitting a driving force via a gear or a belt, each rod 23 may be rotated by a single driving means.

  The excavating means 24 is detachably attached to the tip of the rod 23 with a fastening bolt. For example, a general excavation bit can be used as the excavation means 24. In the present embodiment, specifically, a diamond bit produced by mixing a diamond powder with a powder metal of a matrix and sintering or casting is used.

  Further, the lower end portion 21b of the casing 21 is provided with a wedge-shaped cutting claw 26 for taking out the test body 42 after completion of excavation as required (FIGS. 5 and 6). The claw 26 for cutting is in a position where it does not come into contact with the test body 42 during excavation of the rock 40, and cuts the bottom of the test body 42 by projecting inside the casing 21 by, for example, hydraulic pressure after excavation.

  In this embodiment, six excavation units are provided. The excavation unit includes a first drive unit 22, a rod 23, and an excavation unit 24. In the case where a plurality of excavation units are provided in one cylindrical specimen preparation device 1, when excavation units are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference centered on the axis of the casing 21, the casing 21 rotates. It is desirable not to apply a biased force to the casing 21. In the present embodiment, the excavation units are arranged at equal intervals on the upper end portion 21 a of the casing 21.

  The wheel 33 only needs to have at least a sufficient rigidity to support the casing 21 and a frictional force sufficient to rotate the casing 21 in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the casing 21. In the present embodiment, rubber wheels are used as the wheels 33.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, in order to efficiently excavate the rock mass 40 while controlling the elevation of the casing 21, the rubber wheel 33 is tilted and a third thrust is given to the casing 21 simultaneously with the rotation. Drive means 36 is provided.

  The rubber wheels 33 are rotatably supported via brackets 32d standing on a disk-like support base 32c via axles 37, respectively. The pair of rubber wheels 33 are arranged up and down on an axis parallel to the axis of the casing 21 in a state where the rubber wheels 33 are not inclined. Second driving means 35 is directly connected to the axle 37. Therefore, the upper rubber wheel 33 and the lower rubber wheel 33 are synchronously rotated in the same direction by the driving of the second driving means 35.

  The disk-shaped support base 32c is formed of a stepped disk having a large diameter portion and a small diameter portion, and is supported by screwing the holding plate 32e with the small diameter portion inserted into the circular support hole of the support plate 32b. It is rotatably supported with respect to the plate 32b.

  Gears are formed on the periphery of the large-diameter portion of each disk-shaped support base 32c, and are provided so as to mesh with drive pinions 38 disposed between the upper and lower disk-shaped support bases 32c. Yes. The drive pinion 38 is fixed to the motor shaft of the third drive means 36 installed on the support plate 32b. The upper and lower disk-shaped support bases 32c have the same size and the same gear shape, and the same gear ratio with the drive pinion 38. Accordingly, when the third driving means 36 is driven to rotate the drive pinion 38, the upper disk-shaped support base 32c and the lower disk-shaped support base 32c rotate in the same direction by the same angle, and each disk An attempt is made to incline the rubber wheel 33 mounted on the support base 32c. That is, it tries to incline in the same direction at the same inclination angle (FIG. 7). At this time, since the axles 37 of the upper and lower rubber wheels 33 are connected via the constant velocity universal joint 34, the rotational drive of the second drive means 35 can be transmitted while the both axles 37 are inclined. The third drive means 36 is, for example, a motor or a fluid pressure swing motor.

  In this embodiment, the support column 32 including the rubber wheel 33 and the tilt mechanism is supported by the gantry 31 and installed on the ground / rock. The gantry 31 includes a frame body 31a for fixing the support column 32, an arm 31c, and a leg portion 31d. In addition, a through hole 31b through which the casing 21 moves up and down is provided at the center of the frame 31a.

  The support column 32 is disposed in the circumferential direction of the casing 21, and when the casing 21 is erected in the through hole 31b, the wheel fixed to the axle 37 supported by the support base 32c of the support column 32 via the bracket 32d. 33 is fixed to the frame 31 a at a position where it contacts the outer peripheral surface of the casing 21. With this configuration, the wheel 33 is disposed in the circumferential direction of the casing 21, and can contact the outer peripheral surface of the casing 21 to support the casing 21 rotatably. In order to support the casing 21, at least three sets of wheels 33 are necessary in the circumferential direction. Further, in order to stably support the casing 21 with no bias in supporting force, it is desirable that the wheels 33 be arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. I do not care. In the present embodiment, four sets of wheels 33 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the casing 21 in order to increase the stability of support of the casing 21.

  The second driving means 35 is fixed to the upper plate 32a of the support column 32 and is, for example, a motor. The method for transmitting the driving force of the second driving means 35 to the axle 37 is not particularly limited, and the motor shaft of the second driving means 35 and the axle 37 are directly coupled as in this embodiment. Alternatively, it may be transmitted via a gear or a belt.

  In the present embodiment, the frame 31a is formed in an octagon shape in which two types of sides, a long side and a short side, are alternately connected. Four arms 31c are provided so as to project radially from each of the four short sides of the frame 31a. Furthermore, a leg portion 31d is provided at the tip of each of the four arms 31c, and is sufficiently separated from the point to be excavated to fix and support the frame body 31a on the ground surface 40a of the bedrock 40. It is desirable that the leg 31d can be adjusted in height in order to keep the frame 31a horizontal. Specifically, for example, it is conceivable to use a threaded leg portion 31d whose height is adjustable as in this embodiment, or a jack.

  In the present embodiment, the four rotary lifting units are provided at the positions of the short sides of the frame body 31a. The rotary lifting unit includes a support column 32, rubber wheels 33 (two in this embodiment), an axle 37, a constant velocity universal joint 34, a second drive unit 35, and a third drive unit 36.

  The operation of the above-described cylindrical specimen manufacturing apparatus 1 will be described below.

  First, the frame 31a is installed on the ground surface 40a at the position where the cylindrical test body 42 is manufactured, and the four arms 31c are expanded to adjust the threaded legs 31d so that the frame 31a is fixed horizontally. To do. Then, the position of the casing 21 is adjusted so that the excavating means 24 protruding from the lower end portion 21b of the casing 21 is located, for example, about several cm away from the ground surface 40a.

  When the first drive means 22 is started, the rotational drive is transmitted to the excavation means 24 via the rod 23, and the excavation means 24 protruding from the lower end portion 21b of the casing 21 rotates.

  When the second drive means 35 is started, the rotational drive is transmitted to the rubber wheel 33 through the axle 37 and the constant velocity universal joint 34, and the casing 21 is rotated by the rotation of the rubber wheel 33 supporting the outer periphery of the casing 21. Rotate.

  As a result, the excavating means 24 revolves while rotating to perform excavation, and a downward force is applied to the casing 21 by the own weight of the casing 21 and the six excavating units. Therefore, depending on the hardness of the bedrock 40, the casing 21 can be lowered by the above-described operation to proceed with excavation. In this case, the disk-shaped support base 32c is allowed to rotate or is tilted from the beginning in the direction in which the casing 21 descends.

  When the bedrock 40 is hard and excavation is not possible only by its own weight such as the casing 21 or when it is not efficient because it takes time, the third drive means is provided to increase the thrust applied to the casing 21 by further inclining the wheels 33. 36 is driven to rotate the drive pinion 38. When the drive pinion 38 is rotated, the upper disk-shaped support base 32c and the lower disk-shaped support base 32c rotate by the same angle in the same direction, and are mounted on each disk-shaped support base 32c. 33 is inclined. As a result, the casing 21 is lowered by applying a force to the casing 21 rotating by the rotational drive of the rubber wheel 33 in the axial direction of the casing 21. In addition, when the rubber wheel 33 is inclined in a direction in which the direction of the force at the contact point between the casing 21 and the rubber wheel 33 generated by rotating the rubber wheel 33 in contact with the casing 21 is downward, the casing 21 is lowered.

  As described above, the excavating means 24 revolves while rotating and descends. Thereby, a hole is made in the rock 40 by the rotation of the excavating means 24, and further, the hole moves in the circumferential direction by the revolution of the excavating means 24 to become a groove. When the grooves are connected, an annular excavation groove 41 is formed. Further, the rock 40 is excavated while the casing 21 enters the annular excavation groove 41. Then, by drilling until the height of the cylindrical specimen 42 reaches a predetermined height (predetermined depth with reference to the ground surface 40a), the cylindrical specimen 42 with the bottom connected to the rock 40 is produced. Is done.

  The cylindrical specimen 42 produced as described above may be used as a sample for performing an on-site test while the bottom is connected to the rock 40, or may be taken out after cutting the bottom with the claw 26 for use as a test sample. May be.

  In addition, although the above-mentioned form is an example of the suitable form of this invention, it is not limited to this, A various deformation | transformation implementation is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. For example, in the present embodiment, six excavation units are provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and at least one excavation unit is sufficient. In consideration of excavation efficiency, two or more, more preferably Three or more. If there is at least one excavation unit, the excavation means 24 can revolve to form an annular excavation groove 41 to excavate the cylindrical specimen 42.

  In the present embodiment, four rotary lift units are provided. However, the present invention is not limited to this. If at least three rotary lift units are provided in order to fix and support the axial center of the casing 21, the present embodiment is not limited thereto. good. Note that as the number of rotary lift units increases, the casing 21 can be more stably supported and rotated and lifted.

  In the present embodiment, all the rubber wheels 33 are driven by the second driving means 35 for the rotation of the casing 21. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and at least one rubber wheel 33 is connected to the second driving means 35. The driving means 35 may be used for driving. In this case as well, the supporting lifting unit is configured by removing the second driving means 35 from the rotating lifting unit, for example, at least two supporting lifting units and one rotating lifting unit are provided, or at least one support is provided. By providing an elevating unit and two rotary elevating units, the casing 21 can be stably supported and rotated and raised / lowered.

  In the present embodiment, all the rubber wheels 33 are inclined by the third driving means 36 for raising and lowering the casing 21. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and one third driving means 36 is provided. The disc-shaped support base 32c may be made rotatable without being provided, or may be arranged so as to be inclined from the beginning in the direction in which the casing 21 descends, or at least one rubber wheel 33 is provided as the third drive means 36. It is sufficient to incline by. Also in this case, a rotary unit is configured by removing the third driving means 36 from the rotary lift unit, and for example, at least two rotary units and one rotary lift unit are provided, or at least one rotary unit and By providing two rotary lift units, the casing 21 can be stably supported and rotated and lifted. Further, a support unit is configured by removing the second drive means 35 and the third drive means 36 from the rotary lift unit, and for example, at least two support units and one rotary lift unit are provided, or at least one One support unit and two rotary lifting units may be provided.

  In the present embodiment, the rubber wheel 33 is used as a supporting means that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the casing 21 and rotatably supports the casing 21. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the outer peripheral surface of the casing 21 is slid. You may make it provide the surrounding wall supported so that a movement is possible. In this case, the peripheral wall and the wheel 33 are arranged so that the casing is sandwiched between the peripheral wall and at least one wheel 33. Specifically, for example, at least two peripheral walls and one rotation raising / lowering unit or rotation unit may be provided in the circumferential direction of the casing 21, or the outer peripheral surface of the casing 21 is, for example, half or quarter in the circumferential direction. One peripheral wall that is supported so as to be slidable by about three may be provided, and a rotary lift unit or a rotary unit may be provided at a position where the peripheral wall is interrupted and the outer peripheral surface of the casing 21 is exposed. Also in this case, the casing 21 can be stably supported and rotated / lifted.

  Further, in this embodiment, two rubber wheels 33 are provided on one rotary elevating unit on the axis parallel to the axis of the casing 21 when not inclined, but the present invention is not limited to this. Instead, one wheel may be provided, or three or more wheels may be provided. If there is at least one wheel, the casing 21 can be stably supported and rotated and moved up and down. Moreover, although the rubber wheel is used as the wheel 33, it is not restricted to this, A steel wheel may be sufficient. Furthermore, the casing 21 may be supported by a bearing structure using a sphere instead of a wheel other than the wheel that gives the rotational force to the casing 21, that is, the rubber wheel 33 that simply supports the casing.

  In this embodiment, the rod 23 is provided to transmit the rotational drive of the first drive means 22 to the excavation means 24. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as the first drive means 22 In the case of using a driving means capable of sufficient output and having a diameter similar to that of the excavating means 24, the driving means is accommodated inside the lower end portion 21b of the casing 21, that is, in the embodiment where the rod 23 is accommodated. The motor shaft of the driving means and the excavating means 24 may be directly connected.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the excavating means 24 is rotated by the first driving means 22, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the excavating means 24 may be fixed. Also in this case, the rock mass 40 can be excavated by feeding the casing 21 and revolving the excavating means 24.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an example of embodiment of the rock test body preparation apparatus of the rock mass of this invention, and shows the state before excavation start. It is a cross-sectional view which shows an example of embodiment of the column test body preparation apparatus of the rock mass of this invention. It is the figure which expanded the upper end part of the casing of the cylindrical test body preparation apparatus of embodiment. It is the figure which expanded the lower end part of the casing of the cylindrical test body preparation apparatus of embodiment. It is the figure which expanded the lower end part of the casing at the time of providing a nail | claw for a cutting | disconnection. It is a cross-sectional view of the casing explaining the arrangement of the excavation means and the cutting claw when the cutting claw is provided. It is the figure which looked at the support | pillar of this embodiment from the casing side. (A) is a figure which shows the state before excavation start. (B) is a figure which shows the state which the wheel inclined. It is a side view which shows the conventional boring apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylindrical specimen preparation apparatus 21 Casing 21b Lower end of casing 22 First drive means 24 Excavation means 33 Wheel 35 Second drive means 36 Third drive means

Claims (2)

  A cylindrical casing; one or two or more excavating means protruding from the lower end of the casing and rotatably supported by the lower end; a first driving means for rotating the excavating means; Three or more wheels that are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction, hold the casing, contact the outer peripheral surface of the casing and rotatably support the casing, and rotate at least one of the wheels A bedrock cylindrical specimen preparation apparatus comprising a second driving means. Third cylindrical test preparation device according to claim 1 Symbol placement of the rock and having a drive means for tilting the wheel.

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