JP4648569B2 - Method and apparatus for producing laughing gas - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for generating laughing gas.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Nitrous oxide is used as anesthetic laughing gas.
Conventionally, heating of ammonium nitrate or the like is known as a method for producing dinitrogen monoxide. This heats ammonium nitrate and decomposes it at a temperature of 185 ° C. or higher. When ammonium nitrate is heated, it decomposes around 185 ° C. and severely decomposes at 250 ° C., producing dinitrogen monoxide. This property is utilized.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional method requires ammonium nitrate and heating. For this reason, when manufacturing dinitrogen monoxide, the ammonium nitrate used as a raw material is required, and an installation becomes large.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The object of the present invention is to produce dinitrogen monoxide with an easy and simple apparatus.
The inventors found that the pores of silica gel greatly contributed to the clustering of ozone during the elucidation process of the ozone storage mechanism.
Adsorption of gas onto adsorbents includes physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. Adsorption of ozone onto silica gel is physical adsorption. An example of physical adsorption is adsorption of water on silica gel. If silica gel is left in a high-humidity space, water is adsorbed on the silica gel. However, for the desorption of water, it is necessary to give energy to vaporize the water.
As for ozone, when ozone gas is passed through the silica gel, the ozone is adsorbed on the silica gel. However, the desorption phenomenon occurs only by supplying oxygen.
When water vapor approaches the surface of the silica gel and is adsorbed, it releases heat of condensation (condensation heat) and is fixed on the surface of the silica gel.
In order to separate the silica gel and water, it is necessary to give heat of desorption (heat of vaporization).
Next, ozone adsorption will be described.
The size of the ozone molecule is roughly considered to be 1.18 cm wide, 3.35 cm long, and 1.85 cm high. On the other hand, the density of ozone (density at the boiling point [−112 ° C.]) D is D = 1.354 ± 0.0001 [g / m ³ ]. From this density, the space occupied by ozone molecules is 3.9 cm on a side when it is a legislative body. Considering these, if the thickness of the monolayer of liquid ozone is 3.9 mm, the weight m of this monomolecular layer per square meter is m = 5.281 × 10 ⁻⁴ [g].
The surface area V in 1 liter of silica gel is V = 750 × 730 [m ² / L]. Therefore, the ozone weight M when one layer of liquid ozone is adsorbed on 1 liter of silica gel is M = m × V = 289.11 [g].
In the experiment, the inventor was able to adsorb about 5 g of ozone by cooling to −17 ° C. using 7 wt% ozone gas. From this, the adsorption of ozone and silica gel is similar to the relationship between water and silica gel, but since the boiling point of ozone is -112 ° C, it is compressed by capillary force and clathrated in a state below the critical temperature. Since it forms a macromolecule, it becomes easy to condense, and it is considered that the liquid condensates even at -17 ° C.
[0005]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an ozone clathrate process using silica gel. As shown in FIG. 1, many pores 11 are formed in the silica gel 12. When the ozone molecules 13 are introduced into the pores 11, the ozone molecules 13 are compressed and clathrated by the capillary force of the silica gel pores 11. In this way, ozone clusters 15 are accumulated in the pores 11.
That is, ozone is clathrated by pores surrounded by a wall surface made of silicate.
[0006]
As for desorption of ozone, it can be completely desorbed only by oxygen burging, so the adsorbed ozone cluster collapses from the equilibrium state and returns to the original boiling point of -112 ° C, which takes the heat of vaporization from silica gel and vaporizes it. It is done. The ozone extracted in this manner includes ozone cluster dimers (O ₆ : mass number 96) and trimers (O ₉ : mass number 144). It was confirmed in. In addition, molecular orbital calculations also indicate that dimer and trimer clusters can exist stably.
[0007]
The inventors have found that ozone is also adsorbed in a capillary for gas chromatography. In the process of mass spectrometry of ozone using mass spectrum, the phenomenon that ozone is adsorbed to the capillary for gas chromatography was discovered.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the pores formed inside the capillary.
Like the silica gel, the inner wall of the capillary 6 is mainly composed of silicate. The capillary 6 also has pores 11 on the inner wall. For this reason, it acts on ozone in the same manner as silica gel, and ozone is clustered. By using the capillary 6, it is possible to cluster while transferring ozone.
[0008]
Clustered ozone has improved reactivity, and in this state, ozone easily reacts with nitrogen.
As a result, it has been found that by passing ozone through a capillary in which nitrogen exists, nitrogen is oxidized and dinitrogen monoxide is generated. Further, nitrogen in the air can be used as a nitrogen supply source.
That is, silica gel or capillary pores serve as catalysts, facilitating and promoting the reaction between ozone and nitrogen.
The present invention uses the following means.
As a method of generating laughing gas (dinitrogen monoxide), ozone and nitrogen are used.
By reacting ozone and nitrogen, nitrogen becomes dinitrogen monoxide. Further, by passing ozone and nitrogen into the tube, the reaction between ozone and nitrogen is promoted in the tube, and nitrogen improves the production efficiency of dinitrogen monoxide. Furthermore, the production efficiency is further improved by using a glass capillary as the tube.
[0010]
That is, the laughing gas production apparatus characterized in that laughing gas is generated by passing both ozone and nitrogen into the glass capillary as described in claim 1 .
[0011]
A method for producing laughing gas, characterized in that laughing gas is produced by passing both ozone and nitrogen into the glass capillary as described in claim 2 .
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the example, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an analysis result by mass spectrum, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing another example.
[0013]
In the present invention, nitrous oxide, which is a laughing gas, is produced by mixing ozone and nitrogen. As a supply method of ozone, ozone generated by silent discharge such as an ozonizer or ozone stored in an ozone storage device can be used. Further, nitrogen stored in a cylinder or nitrogen in the air can be used as a nitrogen supply source. Dinitrogen monoxide is obtained by mixing these ozone and nitrogen and reacting them in the presence of a catalyst. However, in order to improve the production efficiency of dinitrogen monoxide, in the present invention, ozone and nitrogen are introduced into the tube. By introducing ozone and nitrogen into the tube, improves the contact efficiency of ozone and nitrogen, dinitrogen monoxide is generated reacts with.
[0014]
Furthermore, by introducing ozone into the glass capillary, nitrogen is oxidized by ozone and laughing gas is generated.
A capillary generally used for a gas chromatograph is used. For example, one having an inner diameter of 3 mm to 50 μm can be used. Thereby, laughing gas can be generated.
[0015]
Next, examples will be described.
In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, ozone generated in the ozone generator 2 is supplied to the capillary 6 by the air feed pump 4, and the gas discharged from the capillary 6 is analyzed by the mass spectrometer 7.
[0016]
An oxygen cylinder 1 is used as an oxygen supply source. Oxygen supplied from the oxygen cylinder is introduced into the ozone generator 2. As the ozone generator 2, a silent discharge type ozone generator was used in this example.
[0017]
The air supply pump 4 is connected to a capillary 6, and ozone is introduced into the capillary 6 by the air supply pump 4.
In the present embodiment, the capillary 6 was previously filled with air, and ozone was supplied into the capillary 6. A mass spectrometer 7 was connected to the capillary 6 to analyze the gas discharged from the capillary 6. The mass spectrum of the gas that passed through the capillary was measured by the mass spectrometer 7.
The total length of the capillary was 25 meters, and the gas flow rate was 20 m / min.
The temperature was 60 ° C.
[0018]
Next, experimental results will be described.
FIG. 4 is a chart of the measured mass spectrum.
4A is a diagram showing the total amount of gas detected, FIG. 4B is a diagram showing ozone, FIG. 4C is a diagram showing nitrogen, and FIG. It is a figure which shows dinitrogen monoxide.
As shown in FIG. 4, the production of dinitrogen monoxide was confirmed from the capillary.
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4, the peak of dinitrogen monoxide was confirmed after the peaks of ozone and nitrogen.
[0019]
In the state before ozone is passed through the capillary, no dinitrogen monoxide is present in the capillary. That is, dinitrogen monoxide is produced by passing ozone through the capillary.
Further, it is understood that ozone, nitrogen, and dinitrogen monoxide can be efficiently separated because of a difference between the dinitrogen monoxide peak and the ozone and nitrogen peaks. That is, since the discharge time from the capillary 6 is different, dinitrogen monoxide can be separated by the capillary 6.
Although it is considered that heat is generated by decomposition of ozone, the capillary has a large specific surface area and can be easily cooled. Thereby, ozone can be continuously decomposed using a capillary. That is, since dinitrogen monoxide is generated in a thin tube, temperature management can be easily performed.
Since nitrous oxide can be generated by oxygen and electric power, it can be easily generated at a place where nitrous oxide is required. For example, in hospitals and the like, oxygen is provided for treatment, and a necessary amount of laughing gas can be generated by this oxygen and electric power.
[0020]
Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In FIG. 5, the ozone supply source 1 is connected to an ozone generator 2, and an air supply pump 4 is connected to the ozone generator 2, and a plurality of capillaries 6, 6. ing. Further, a collecting device 8 is connected to the capillary 6.
When heat generated in the capillary 6 becomes a problem, a cooling device 9 such as a blower can be arranged to cool the capillary 6.
[0021]
As described above, dinitrogen monoxide is generated when ozone and nitrogen pass through the capillary 6. Moreover, the time until the discharge is different in ozone, nitrogen, and dinitrogen monoxide.
For this reason, dinitrogen monoxide can be easily obtained in the collection device 8 by intermittently sending ozone to the capillary 6 by the air pump 4.
Ozone and dinitrogen monoxide are discharged from the capillary 6 by sending ozone to the capillary 6 and extruding it with air. And according to discharge | emission timing, ozone and dinitrogen monoxide can be collect | recovered.
That is, by adjusting the timing of gas recovery, dinitrogen monoxide can be efficiently obtained, and unreacted ozone and nitrogen can be passed through the capillary 6 again to perform efficient operation.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
Since ozone and nitrogen are both introduced into the pipe to produce laughing gas, the contact efficiency between ozone and nitrogen can be improved and the laughing gas production reaction can be promoted. Furthermore, laughing gas can be generated with an easy configuration.
Also, since ozone and nitrogen are both passed through the glass capillary to produce laughing gas, the diameter of the capillary can be easily adjusted, the heat during the production reaction can be easily released, and the temperature can be adjusted easily. Can do.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an ozone clathrate process using silica gel.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing pores formed inside a capillary.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an example.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an analysis result by mass spectrum.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ozone supply source 2 Ozone generator 4 Air supply pump 6 Capillary

Claims (2)

  An apparatus for producing laughing gas, wherein ozone and nitrogen are both passed through a glass capillary to generate laughing gas. A method for producing laughing gas, characterized by producing laughing gas by passing ozone and nitrogen through a glass capillary .

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