JP4528979B2 - Particle torsional damper - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a torsional damper that suppresses torsional vibration generated around a rotating shaft.

In recent years, attempts have been made to further increase the output and speed of reciprocating engines and the like. The appearance of torsional dampers with excellent damping characteristics is expected to improve the strength of low-speed and low-noise reciprocating engines, including crankshafts, which are typical rotating members, and high-speed rotating shafts. It is rare.
By the way, as this type of torsional damper, a rubber torsional damper, an oil torsional damper, and a hybrid oil rubber torsional damper using both rubber and oil are known.
In these torsional dampers, the vibration damping ability, which is also an important damper design item that affects the performance, suppresses (vibrates) torsional vibrations by the heat dissipation function. Occurrence of undesired problems is inevitable due to the characteristics of oil and oil.
That is, the characteristics of rubber and oil change depending on the usage state, particularly temperature and deterioration with time, so that the damping characteristic of the torsional damper cannot be obtained depending on the usage state.
In addition, rubber or the like is dependent on the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude, so it is difficult to accurately grasp the damping characteristics during use.
In addition, these may be required to be replaced at a certain time span during use of the engine due to deterioration over time.
For this reason, the present inventor changed the so-called common idea of vibration suppression by heat dissipation using oil, rubber or the like as a damping element or material, and a particle group such as a steel ball as a clutch element. It has already been proposed as a patent No. 2791769 “Particulate torsional damper” and has been patented (patent document 1).

However, the design layout method of this is that the rotating member, that is, the mounting element directly attached to the vibration-damped shaft and the inertial body element having a certain inertial mass, are respectively attached to the vibration-damped shaft. When attaching to the shaft, a typical form of the conventional method is adopted and intended to be securely attached to the controlled shaft.
That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the casing 2 'as the mounting element is first fixed to the shaft mounting portion, and the rotor 5' as the inertial body element is provided with a roller bearing so as to directly surround the fixed shaft. Thus, the rotary bearing portion is disposed on the shaft periphery, and the fin 3 'housed in the space serving as the working chamber is configured to extend in a flange shape from the central shaft on the rotor side. For this reason, as a result, there has been a certain limit to increase the moment of inertia of the inertial body element and to make the configuration simpler under the constraint of reducing the size and weight of the damper.
JP 63-13936 A

  The present invention has been made in consideration of such a background, and while utilizing the extremely excellent function of the particles as the clutch element, the mutual layout of the inertial body element and the mounting element is innovative. The technical challenge is to develop a particle torsional damper that can provide a practical vibration suppression performance in a simpler form with a bold arrangement.

In other words, the particle torsional damper according to claim 1 is attached directly to the vibration-controlled shaft, has an attachment element that is torsionally vibrated with the vibration-controlled shaft, and has an appropriate mass and is rotatably attached to the attachment element. A body element and a clutch element in contact with the attachment element and the inertial body element, the attachment element having a disk attached to the vibration-suppressed shaft and being attached to the vibration-suppressed shaft at the center thereof The inertial body element is formed of a casing mass having an annular shape and having a working chamber therein, and the disc is in a state in which the friction ring on the outer periphery of the disc is enclosed in the working chamber. Supported by a bearing near the outer periphery, and further, the clutch element is made up of particles, and these particles are operated in a movable state in the working chamber of the casing mass. The inner wall and is in contact both the friction ring, further wherein the working chamber is one comprising as a feature that it is configured to tapered-off shape toward the central portion outer peripheral in the cross-sectional shape.

Furthermore, the particle torsional damper according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in addition to the requirement of claim 1 , the particle group as the clutch element uses metal spherical particles.

Furthermore, the particle torsional damper according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in addition to the requirement of claim 1 , the particle group as the clutch element uses ceramic spherical particles.

First, according to the first aspect of the invention, a simple structure can be achieved by devising the layout of the constituent members while using particles such as steel balls having excellent vibration damping performance as clutch elements. . In particular, by adopting a so-called bold layout that supports the inertial body element on the outer peripheral side of the disc-shaped mounting element, the inertial body element has both a function as a rotating mass and an action as a casing of particle groups. A reasonable configuration can be obtained. In addition, a direct action as an inertia damper is performed near the outer periphery of the device, so that not only can the ratio of inertia moment of inertia body element and weight be increased, but also the difference of inertia moment of mounting element and inertia body element can be greatly increased. Can be reduced in size and weight, and the damping performance can be improved.
Furthermore, since the cross-sectional shape of the working chamber is narrowed from the outer peripheral side, the clutch element can efficiently hold the mounting element during steady rotation, and the inertial body element, the clutch element and the mounting element can be reliably It can be fixed and transmitted.

Further, according to the invention described in claim 2 , since the metal spherical particles are used, in addition to being excellent in durability, various particles can be applied because the production processing is easy.

Further, according to the invention described in claim 3 , since the ceramic spherical particles are used, the particle torsional damper can be used in various environments because it is excellent in terms of heat resistance, corrosion resistance and wear resistance. Can be provided.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be disclosed in the following description of specific embodiments and drawings.

The particle torsional damper D of the present invention will be specifically described below.
As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, this is roughly divided into a mounting element 1 that is directly attached to the controlled shaft and torsionally vibrates together with the controlled shaft, and has an appropriate mass. It comprises an inertial body element 2 that is freely attached and a clutch element 3 that contacts these, the attachment element 1 and the inertial body element 2.

First, the attachment element 1 is substantially constituted by a disk 11, which is an annular member attached to the vibration-damped shaft 5 at the center.
In addition, when attaching the attachment element 1 to the vibration-damped shaft 5, in order to respond to the difference in the diameter, shape, etc. of the vibration-damped shaft 5 and to have versatility as a part, Between them, the adapter 6 as shown in the figure is interposed for attachment. In the present embodiment, as an example, the adapter 6 is fitted into the vibration-controlled shaft 5 via the rotation stop key 61 and the like without being displaced in the rotational direction, and is fixed by the presser bolt 62 and the like. And the flange part of this adapter 6 and the attachment hole of the center of the said disk 11 are fitted together, and it fixes using the attachment bolt 63. FIG.

On the other hand, a friction ring 12 is provided on the outer peripheral edge of the disk 11. The friction ring 12 is, for example, a ring-shaped member that is somewhat thinner than the thickness of the portion near the center of the disk 11. Of course, the friction ring 12 may be integrated with the main body portion of the disk 11 or may be combined as a separate member by riveting or the like.
Further, the disk 11 is provided with a bearing 13 near the boundary with the friction ring 12. Specifically, the bearing 13 is preferably a sliding bearing using a material such as a metal material.

  In order to support the bearing 13 more stably, the disk 11 is provided with a bearing support portion 14 that protrudes in the shape of an annular rib in the axial direction. On the other hand, the bearing 13 has a ring shape as a whole due to this shape, but uses a member whose cross-sectional shape is L-shaped.

Next, the inertia body element 2 combined with the attachment element 1 will be described.
The inertial body element 2 is substantially constituted by the casing mass 20, and this technical feature has a function as an inertial body and a function as a casing for holding the clutch element 3. For example, it can be used as a member. That is, the casing mass 20 is formed by combining the ring-shaped ring single bodies 21 in a combined manner to form the working chamber 22 in which the clutch element 3 is accommodated.
In the working chamber 22, the shape of the inner wall 22 a is set so as to exhibit a shape in which a range near the outer periphery is narrowed in a tapered shape when viewed in a cross-sectional shape as an example.
In addition, each ring unit 21 forms an axial support portion 23 that protrudes inward so that a portion closer to the inner periphery closes or partitions the working chamber 22 and is in sliding contact with the bearing 13. The shaft support portion 23 is assembled so that the edge portion (inner side) of the shaft support portion 23 is supported by the L-shaped bearing 13 when viewed in the cross-sectional direction. The pair of ring single bodies 21 are coupled to each other by bolts 24. Note that the working chamber 22 may be one that is continuously connected over the entire circumference, or that is divided into a plurality of chambers by providing an appropriate number of partitions in the diameter direction. As a result, the inertial body element 2 is rotatably supported on the outer peripheral portion of the disk-shaped mounting element 1 in such a state that the friction ring 12 in the mounting element 1 is included in the working chamber 22. Adopt an assembly structure.

Next, the clutch element 3 will be described.
This is essentially a particle group 31 in which a plurality of particles are aggregated, and is packed to such an extent that it can be freely moved in the working chamber 22.
Of course, due to such a packed state of the particle group 31, the particle group 31 contacts the friction ring 12 and also contacts the inner wall 22 a of the working chamber 22 in the casing mass 20.

  In addition, the particle group 31 is made of metal using a steel ball in this embodiment, but other materials such as those using ceramics or, for example, an industrial resin excellent in wear resistance. There is no problem even using resin such as. Of course, these materials can be used in combination.

The concrete and practical form of the particle torsional damper D of the present invention is based on the above-described configuration, and the operation mode of this will be described below.
First, it is fixed to the appropriate vibration-controlled shaft 5 through the adapter 6 and starts operation. For example, it is attached to the end of a vibration-controlled shaft 5 such as a crankshaft of the engine E as shown in FIG. Incidentally, the engine E shown in FIG. 1 is a horizontally opposed four-cylinder reciprocating engine to which a linear crank mechanism according to the inventor's development is applied.
When the vibration-controlled shaft 5 rotates, the particle group 31 allowed to move freely in the working chamber 22 receives a centrifugal force and is pressed against the outer peripheral portion of the working chamber 22.
As a result, the density of the particle group 31 increases as a whole, and in the working chamber, the particles are closely fitted between the inertial body element 2 and the friction ring 12, and the both are held in a fixed state. Do.

In such a state, when the vibration-controlled shaft 5 is stably rotated with a small torsional vibration, the constituent elements of the particle torsional damper D rotate together. On the other hand, when torsional vibrations such as large torque fluctuations and rotational vibrations occur on the controlled shaft 5, the torsional vibrations are first transmitted to the mounting element 1 and act to disturb the integral rotation of the particle torsional damper D. . This action is transmitted to the clutch element 3 to which the particle group 31 is applied via the friction ring 12 and instantaneously releases the mutual contact state. And the fixed state of the casing mass 20 and the friction ring 12 is cancelled | released, and the cancellation | release results in the effect | action which reduces the torsional vibration of the to-be-damped shaft 5, and acts as a rotary inertia damper. Further, the members that directly act as the rotary inertia damper, that is, the mounting element 1, the inertial body element 2, and the clutch element 3 are concentrated near the outer periphery of the device. As a result, the inertial moment of the casing mass 20 can be increased, and the small and light weight is achieved. Even if designed in this way, sufficient damping performance can be obtained.
In particular, in this embodiment, the inner wall of the working chamber 22 has a tapered shape on the outer peripheral side when viewed in the cross-sectional direction. The friction ring 12 and the casing mass 20 as the inertial body element 2 can be sufficiently integrated.

[Other Examples / Reference Examples ]
The present invention is an example in which the above-described embodiment embodies one basic technical idea, but the following modified embodiments and reference examples can be considered.
First, regarding the shape of the working chamber 22, the present invention has a cross-sectional shape in which the outer peripheral side is tapered, but considering that the particle group 31 is concentrated on the outer peripheral side by centrifugal force, it is not always necessary. Even when the outer peripheral side constricted cross-sectional shape capable of obtaining the wedge effect is not used, a corresponding effect can be obtained. For example , a substantially rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 4A is also a technically relevant reference example.

4 (b) shows a frictional ring 12 side section that is outwardly widened and has a tapered cross section to further exhibit the wedge effect of the particle group 31. FIG.
Conversely, as shown in FIG. 4C, it is possible to reduce the wedge effect by reducing the thickness of the friction ring 12 on the outer peripheral end side somewhat.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the inertia mass of the casing mass 20 can be selected and designed. For example, a receiving recess 21b of the mass adjusting ring 21a is formed on the outer peripheral side surface of the casing mass 20, and a necessary amount of the mass adjusting ring 21a is fitted so that the mass of the inertial body element 2 can be changed.

  In use, the particle torsional damper D as described above, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, may be installed over two stations as necessary to exhibit the performance according to the damping load. There is no problem.

It is a perspective view which expands and shows the use condition and part of particle torsional damper of this invention. It is a front view which shows the particle | grain torsional damper of this invention. It is a center longitudinal cross-sectional view of the diameter direction of the particle | grain torsional damper of this invention. It is a vertical side view which shows the other Example and reference example of the working chamber and friction ring in the particle | grain torsional damper of this invention. It is a vertical side view which shows the other Example in the particle | grain torsional damper of this invention. It is a partially longitudinal side view which shows other Example in the particle | grain torsional damper of this invention. It is a partially longitudinal perspective view showing a conventional particle torsional damper.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Mounting element 11 Disc 12 Friction ring 13 Bearing 14 Bearing support part 2 Inertial body element 20 Casing mass 21 Ring single-piece | unit 21a Mass adjustment ring 21b Receiving recessed part 22 Actuation chamber 22a Inner wall 23 Shaft support 24 Bolt 3 Clutch element 31 Particle group 5 Controlled Shaft 6 Adapter 61 Key 62 Presser bolt 63 Mounting bolt D Particle torsional damper E Engine

Claims (3)

An attachment element that is directly attached to the vibration-controlled shaft and that vibrates with the vibration-controlled shaft, an inertial body element that has an appropriate mass and is rotatably attached to the attachment element, and the attachment element and the inertial body element The attachment element has a disk attached to the vibration-damped shaft, is attached to the vibration-damped shaft at the center thereof, and has a friction ring around the disk, while the inertial body element Is formed of a casing mass having an annular inner working chamber and is supported by a bearing near the outer periphery of the disk so as to enclose the friction ring on the outer peripheral portion of the disk in the working chamber, and further includes a clutch element. is made of particles, the particles are in contact both the working chamber wall and the friction ring is housed in a movable state to the working chamber in the casing mass, further the work Chamber, the particles torsional damper which is characterized by being composed in tapered-off shape toward the central portion outer peripheral in the cross-sectional shape.   2. The particle torsional damper according to claim 1, wherein metal particles are used for the particle group as the clutch element.   2. The particle torsional damper according to claim 1, wherein the particle group as the clutch element uses ceramic spherical particles.

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