JP4599523B2 - Field-controlled electromagnetic rotation system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a generator having a permanent magnet field, a rotating electric machine including an electric motor, and a method for realizing an electromagnetic rotating system including the rotating electric machine, and more particularly to a rotating electric machine, an electromagnetic rotating system, and a field control method for controlling output by field control.

  The permanent magnet field and the armature are caused by the interaction between the permanent magnet field and the magnetic field generated by the generator or the armature that extracts the electromagnetically generated power by the relative rotation of the permanent magnet field and the armature. Rotating electrical machines such as motors that generate relative rotation are excellent in energy efficiency and are widely used on a daily basis with the development of permanent magnets. However, since such a rotating electric machine has a constant magnetic flux from the field magnet, an optimum output is not always obtained in a wide rotational speed range regardless of whether it is used as an electric motor or a generator. That is, in the case of an electric motor, the back electromotive force (generated voltage) is too high in the high-speed rotation range, making control difficult, and various means for weakening the field have been proposed as field weakening control. Recently, the control technology and magnetic pole structure of rotating electrical machines have been remarkably improved. In particular, PRM (Permanent magnet Reluctance Motor), which uses permanent magnets embedded in the rotor and uses magnet torque and reluctance torque, is more efficient and larger than before. An output motor is realized (for example, Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 3). Further, in the case of a generator, electronic circuit control using a semiconductor is used exclusively to bring the generated voltage to a predetermined level at a wide rotational speed.

  However, although it has been possible to increase the output and the rotation speed range by using PRM and control technology in electric motors, it has problems of software enlargement and stable control, and further performance improvement is required. In the case of generators, the cost issues of constant voltage circuits in a wide range of rotational speeds are large, and solutions are required.

  A device that uses both magnet excitation and current excitation as a field control means for rotating electrical machines mainly using magnet excitation has been studied. Proposal of a structure in which rotors or magnetic poles for magnet excitation and current excitation are arranged together, magnet excitation and current There is a proposal to realize a magnetic pole structure with integrated excitation. The former has a limited field control range, and it is difficult to rotate when used as an electric motor. The latter has only a few proposals that can be realized, and even in the realized examples, the form of use is limited.

  In the following, a proposal of a magnetic pole structure in which magnet excitation and current excitation are integrated will be described. In order to succeed in a magnetic pole structure in which magnet excitation and current excitation are integrated, (A) magnetic excitation magnetic flux and current excitation magnetic flux can coexist and be supplied between the rotor and armature. B) Although the magnet is not damaged by the magnetic flux of current excitation, there are few proposals that satisfy these conditions.

  The proposal that shares the same purpose as Patent Document 4 and Patent Document 5 has a structure in which permanent magnets and magnetic poles are alternately arranged on the outer periphery of the rotor to satisfy the conditions (A) and (B). It is limited to a simple configuration. When used as an electric motor, it is difficult to use reluctance torque. Further, Patent Document 5 has a problem that the waveform of the generated voltage changes according to the level of current excitation.

  The proposal having the same purpose as Patent Document 6 and Patent Document 7 cannot satisfy the condition (B) by connecting magnetic paths of magnetic excitation and current excitation magnetic fluxes in series. That is, the magnetic flux generated by the current excitation passes through the field magnet arranged on the outer periphery of the rotor, and there is a serious problem that the field magnet is demagnetized and damaged in the case of a weak field. In Patent Document 7, the magnetic path of the field magnet is further long, and the field magnetic flux is remarkably reduced as compared with a rotating electric machine that only magnetizes.

  The proposal having the same purpose as Patent Document 8 and Patent Document 9 is an example in which magnetic paths of magnetic excitation and current excitation magnetic fluxes are connected in parallel, and the condition (A) cannot be satisfied. That is, the magnet is arranged between the magnetic poles of the current excitation claw pole structure, and the magnet excitation does not function effectively because the magnetic flux generated by the magnet is short-circuited by the magnetic core that goes around the current excitation coil.

In any proposal, including a structure in which rotors or magnetic poles for magnet excitation and current excitation are juxtaposed, a motor structure that can sufficiently use reluctance torque is not obtained. Therefore, a rotating electrical machine system having a magnetic pole structure that satisfies the conditions (A) and (B) and integrates magnet excitation and current excitation applicable to many types of rotating electrical machines is desired.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-023598 “Embedded Magnet Motor” Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-027913 “Reluctance Type Rotating Electric Machine” Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-069735 “Permanent Magnet Reluctance Type Rotating Electric Machine” US Patent 4,656,379 "Hybrid excited generator with flux control of consequent-pole rotor" US Patent 5,767,601 "Permanent magnet electric generator" US Patent 5,530,307 “Flux controlled permanent magnet dynamo-electric machine” JP 2000-261995 “High Torque Type Electric Motor / Generator” US Patent 4,654,551 "Permanent magnet excited alternator compressor with brushless DC control" JP 2007-6638 “AC rotating electric machine”

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a rotating electrical machine apparatus, a rotating electrical machine system, and a field control method having a magnetic pole structure in which magnet excitation and current excitation are integrated, which can be applied to a wide variety of rotating electrical machine apparatuses that can use magnet torque and reluctance torque. Is to provide.

The rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises at least a field rotor and an armature that are concentrically arranged with each other in the radial direction and are arranged to be relatively rotatable. An arrangement of a fixed magnetic magnetic yoke, a plurality of magnetic teeth extending radially from the cylindrical magnetic yoke, and an armature coil wound around the magnetic teeth. The magnetic pole structure is configured to face the magnetic teeth with a gap in the radial direction, extend in the axial direction, and have magnetic salient poles and permanent magnets or aggregated permanent magnets arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. A rotating electrical machine system in which the magnetization directions in the substantially circumferential direction of the permanent magnet or the assembly permanent magnet are alternately reversed so that the body salient poles are magnetized in opposite directions, and adjacent magnetic salient poles are magnetically Magnetization direction independently configured Different first magnetic salient poles and second magnetic salient poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and each of the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole extends in a different axial direction, and A field control magnetic yoke having a second extension, arranged on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft and in contact with the first and second extensions at both ends of the field rotor, and a field control magnetic coil wound around the field control magnetic yoke; It has a field controller configured, and the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path formed by the first extension part and the second extension part and the field control magnetic yoke is made large to restrict the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet from being shunted to the magnetic path. And a control device for optimizing the output by controlling the field strength between the armature and the rotor by changing the current supplied to the field control coil in accordance with the output of the rotating electrical machine system. Have

  A rotating electric machine is an electric motor if a current to the armature coil is input and a rotational force is output, and a rotating electric machine is a generator if a current is output from the armature coil using the rotational force as an input. There is an optimum magnetic pole configuration in an electric motor or a generator, but it is reversible, and the rotating electrical machine system can be used for either an electric motor or a generator.

  Magnetic body salient poles and permanent magnets or collective permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the substantially circumferential magnetization of the permanent magnet or collective permanent magnet is set so that adjacent magnetic salient poles are magnetized in opposite directions. Adjacent magnetic salient poles are magnetically independent from each other.

  Since the tip of the magnetic salient pole is mainly composed of a magnetic material and is magnetically separated, a high-output rotating electrical machine system is obtained using magnet torque and reluctance torque.

  The collective permanent magnet is an assembly composed of a permanent magnet and a magnetic body and exhibiting characteristics equivalent to those of the permanent magnet.

  Although there is no magnetic coupling part that shorts the magnetic flux between adjacent magnetic salient poles, the magnetic salient poles must be coupled with a saturable magnetic substance in order to support the magnetic salient poles mechanically. Is possible. The purpose of the saturable magnetic material is a magnetic material portion that has a low saturation magnetic flux density or a small cross-sectional area and is easily magnetically saturated by flowing a small field magnetic flux or field control magnetic flux. A magnetically saturated magnetic material has a relative permeability almost the same as air, and its presence can be ignored magnetically.

  The magnetic salient poles were divided into two groups according to the magnetization direction, and each group was extended in different axial directions to form a first extension and a second extension, and consisted of a field control magnetic yoke and a field control coil that orbited the rotating shaft. A field control unit is provided in the rotor, and field control magnetic fluxes in different directions are supplied between the first extension and the second extension. The field control unit is disposed in an empty space on the inner peripheral side from the magnetic salient pole, and current to the field control coil is supplied via a slip ring or a rotary transformer.

  The permanent magnet or the permanent magnet in the collective permanent magnet generates a field magnetic flux and is used to separate the field control magnetic flux flowing in the magnetic salient pole and to control the flow direction. The field control unit supplies a field control magnetic flux in a direction to reversely excite the permanent magnet between the first and second magnetic salient poles to the first and second magnetic salient poles, and together with the field magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet, the magnetic salient poles. The magnetic flux flowing in the magnetic path composed of the magnetic material teeth and the magnetic material teeth is increased. The permanent magnet serves as a magnetic flux barrier to prevent short-circuiting of field control magnetic fluxes having different directions. In this case, the magnetic path of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is always ensured as a magnetic path passing through the armature side, so that the permanent magnet is never demagnetized.

  The field control unit supplies field control magnetic flux in the direction in which the permanent magnet between the first and second magnetic salient poles is excited in the forward direction to the first and second magnetic salient poles, and the permanent magnet is made permanent as the magnetic path of the field control magnetic flux. By changing the magnetic path through which the field magnetic flux from the magnet flows, the field magnetic flux entering and exiting the armature magnetic body teeth is reduced.

  The magnetic flux of the permanent magnet arranged adjacent to the magnetic salient pole flows to the magnetic path side of the field control magnetic flux having a small magnetic resistance, and makes the field magnetic flux flowing to the armature side small. In the present invention, a magnetic flux shunt control means for restricting the shunting of the permanent magnet flux is provided in the magnetic path of the field control flux to limit the shunting of the permanent magnet flux so that the field flux is concentrated on the magnetic tooth side of the armature so that the permanent magnet excitation and current It can be used together with excitation.

  There are various methods for the magnetic flux diversion control means for limiting the diversion of the permanent magnet magnetic flux. For example, magnetic gaps are arranged in the magnetic path, the cross-sectional area of the magnetic path is made small, and the magnetic path is made of a magnetic material having a small relative permeability.

  One of the optimizations of the output of rotating electrical machines is a constant voltage generator system. The field strength is effectively controlled in response to the input rotational speed fluctuation, and the generated voltage is maintained at a predetermined value.

  Another system for optimizing the output of a rotating electrical machine system is an electric motor system. A system including an electric motor that controls rotational force and rotational speed as a weak field in the high rotational speed region and a strong field in the low rotational speed region is realized.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect , the magnetic flux shunt control means includes a magnetic air gap provided in a magnetic path constituted by the first extension portion, the second extension portion, and the field control magnetic yoke. It is characterized by that.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, the magnetic flux shunt control means forms a magnetic path in a magnetic path constituted by the first extension portion, the second extension portion, and the field control magnetic yoke. The gap formed between the magnetic body and the movable magnetic piece is further provided with a spring that urges the movable magnetic piece to increase the gap, and the movable magnetic piece is substantially proportional to the amount of current flowing through the field control coil. the body piece is magnetically attracted, characterized in that the magnetic gap is disposed in the magnetic path to a small.

  A magnetic air gap is provided in the magnetic path of the field control magnetic flux to limit the shunting of the field magnetic flux so that both magnet excitation and current excitation can be used together. However, there is also a negative effect that the flux shunt control means lowers the generation efficiency of the field control magnetic flux. . When the field control magnetic flux is larger than a predetermined value, the magnetic air gap in the magnetic path of the field control magnetic flux is reduced to increase the generation efficiency of the field control magnetic flux.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, the control magnetic flux magnetic path made of an isotropic magnetic material having a saturation magnetic flux density larger than that of the magnetic material salient pole is provided in the first extension portion and the first extension portion. The magnetic salient pole extends in the axial direction adjacent to a portion away from the armature so as to be connected in series with one of the two extension portions .

  Since the field control magnetic flux flows in the axial direction, the configuration in which the silicon steel plates are laminated in the axial direction has a large axial magnetic resistance, so that it is desirable to use an isotropic magnetic material. A magnetic flux driven by an armature coil is applied to the tip of the magnetic salient pole, so an isotropic magnetic material such as a powdered iron core or ferrite with a large electrical resistance is desirable, but it is difficult from the viewpoint of cost or strength In this case, an isotropic magnetic material having a small electrical resistance, for example, bulk iron, is disposed in a portion away from the armature.

  Furthermore, a sufficient amount of field control magnetic flux is required to control the field magnetic flux, and the magnetic path of the field control magnetic flux having a large cross-sectional area using a free space in the field rotor with a magnetic material having a large saturation magnetic flux density. Form.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, the magnetic salient poles and the permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the adjacent permanent magnets reverse the magnetization in the substantially circumferential direction. It is characterized by being arranged.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the fifth aspect, the circumferential length of the permanent magnet between the magnetic salient poles is twice the gap length between the magnetic teeth and the magnetic salient poles. It is characterized by being set to a value that exceeds.

  In the case of a strong field, the permanent magnet does not short-circuit the field control magnetic flux in different directions as a magnetic field barrier for the field control magnetic flux. However, the relative permeability of the permanent magnet is almost the same as that of air, and the circumferential length of the permanent magnet is If it is small, the field control magnetic flux may be leaked. Since the magnetic path including the magnetic teeth from the two magnetic salient poles reciprocates in the gap between the magnetic teeth and the magnetic salient pole, the circumferential length of the permanent magnet is set to the gap length between the magnetic teeth and the magnetic salient pole. By setting the magnetic resistance between the permanent magnets to be larger than the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path passing through the magnetic teeth, the field control magnetic flux is concentrated on the magnetic teeth side. This approximation is based on the premise that the area of the permanent magnet and the area facing the magnetic teeth of the magnetic salient pole are the same. Preferably, the magnetic resistance in the magnetic teeth is further taken into consideration, and field control leakage at the permanent magnet portion is preferably reduced. In order to make it negligible, the circumferential length of the permanent magnet is set to 10 times or more the gap length between the magnetic teeth and the magnetic salient poles.

  A seventh aspect of the present invention is the rotating electrical machine system according to the first aspect, wherein the assembly permanent magnet includes an intermediate magnetic salient pole and two permanent magnet plates perpendicular to the plate surface and having the same magnetization direction. The two permanent magnet plates are arranged on both sides of the intermediate magnetic salient pole in the circumferential direction, the magnetic salient poles and the collective permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the adjacent collective permanent magnets are arranged in the substantially circumferential direction. It is characterized by being arranged with the magnetization reversed.

  An assembled permanent magnet composed of an intermediate magnetic salient pole and permanent magnets on both sides thereof is equivalent to a permanent magnet in terms of magnetic circuit, and the role of the permanent magnet to control the flow of field magnetic flux and field control magnetic flux is the same. is there. There are various shapes of magnetic salient poles and intermediate magnetic salient poles that are suitable for the effective use of reluctance torque and magnet torque. And the amount of permanent magnets used can be reduced.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the seventh aspect, the sum of the thicknesses of the two permanent magnet plates constituting the assembly permanent magnet is 2 of the gap length between the magnetic teeth and the magnetic salient poles. It is characterized by being set to a value exceeding double.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the seventh aspect, the circumferential length on the side closer to the armature of the intermediate magnetic salient pole constituting the assembled permanent magnet is set to the circumferential direction far from the armature. It is characterized by being set shorter than the length.

  The shape of the intermediate magnetic salient pole is such that the length in the circumferential direction on the armature side is set short, the magnetic path length of the field magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet is made small, and the field magnetic flux is concentrated on the armature side.

  A tenth aspect of the present invention is the rotating electrical machine system according to the seventh aspect, wherein a part of the intermediate magnetic salient pole portion is set so as to increase the axial magnetic resistance of the intermediate magnetic salient pole portion constituting the assembled permanent magnet. It is characterized by the removal of nonmagnetic material.

  A field control magnetic flux that flows in the axial direction is also induced in the intermediate magnetic salient pole by the field control coil, and the amount of field control magnetic flux flowing through the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole is unbalanced. The axial magnetic resistance of the intermediate magnetic salient pole is increased, and the field control magnetic flux is configured to hardly flow in the axial direction on the intermediate magnetic salient pole. That is, when the iron core in the rotor is configured as a laminated body of silicon steel plates, silicon steel plates lacking intermediate magnetic salient pole portions are laminated at several positions in the axial direction to form discontinuous portions of the silicon steel plates.

  The rotating electrical machine system according to the invention of claim 11 comprises at least a field rotor and an armature arranged concentrically with the shaft in the radial direction and relatively rotatably arranged, and the armature is on the stationary side. An arrangement of a fixed magnetic magnetic yoke, a plurality of magnetic teeth extending radially from the cylindrical magnetic yoke, and an armature coil wound around the magnetic teeth. The magnetic pole structure is configured to face the magnetic teeth with a gap in the radial direction, extend in the axial direction, and have magnetic salient poles and permanent magnets or aggregated permanent magnets arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. A rotating electrical machine system in which the magnetization directions in the substantially circumferential direction of the permanent magnet or the assembly permanent magnet are alternately reversed so that the body salient poles are magnetized in opposite directions, and adjacent magnetic salient poles are magnetically Magnetized independently The first magnetic salient poles and the second magnetic salient poles that are different from each other are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and each of the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole extends in a different axial direction. And a second extension part, and the field control part is composed of two annular field control magnetic yokes and two field control coils wound around the respective field control magnetic yokes, and the two field control magnetic yokes are provided at both ends of the cylindrical magnetic yoke. Each of them is axially opposed to the first extension and the second extension via a gap, and the current supplied to the field control coil is changed according to the output of the rotating electrical machine system to change the field between the armature and the rotor. And a control device for controlling the magnetic strength and optimizing the output.

  The field control magnetic yoke and the field control coil are arranged on the fixed side on both sides of the rotor as an annular shape that goes around the rotation shaft. The field controller supplies field control magnetic flux between the first extension and the cylindrical magnetic yoke, and between the second extension and the cylindrical magnetic yoke. Field control magnetic fluxes in different directions are supplied to the first extension and the second extension.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the eleventh aspect, a value obtained by dividing the axial gap length between the first extension portion and the field control magnetic yoke by the facing area between the first extension portion and the field control magnetic yoke. And the sum of the axial gap length between the second extension and the field control magnetic yoke divided by the facing area between the second extension and the field control magnetic yoke is the radial gap between the magnetic salient pole and the magnetic teeth. The length is set to be larger than 4 times the value obtained by dividing the total length of the opposing areas of the magnetic salient poles and magnetic teeth, and the magnetic path composed of the first extension, the field control magnetic yoke, and the armature, The magnetic flux diverting control means limits the diversion of the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet to the magnetic path formed by the two extending portions, the field control magnetic yoke, and the armature .

  In the field permanent magnet, a magnetic path connecting the magnetic salient poles and magnetic teeth on both sides of the permanent magnet and a magnetic path from the magnetic salient poles on both sides of the permanent magnet to the cylindrical magnetic yoke through the field control magnetic yoke are arranged in parallel. It is connected. The magnetic resistance of the magnetic part in the magnetic path is assumed to be small, and the magnetic force in the gap included in the magnetic path from the magnetic salient poles on both sides of the permanent magnet through the field control magnetic yoke to the cylindrical magnetic yoke is approximately The field magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet is concentrated on the armature side by setting the resistance to be larger than the magnetic resistance in the gap including the magnetic salient poles on both sides of the permanent magnet and the magnetic teeth. The magnetic path connecting the magnetic salient pole and the magnetic teeth on both sides of the permanent magnet reciprocates the gap between the magnetic salient pole and the magnetic teeth, and the area through which the field magnetic flux passes is the opposite of the magnetic salient pole and the magnetic teeth. Since the total area is half, the magnetic resistance in the gap between the magnetic salient pole and the magnetic tooth is the radial gap length between the magnetic salient pole and the magnetic tooth. It is assumed to be proportional to four times the value divided by the sum of the opposing areas.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the eleventh aspect, the control magnetic flux magnetic path made of an isotropic magnetic material having a saturation magnetic flux density larger than that of the magnetic material salient pole is provided in the first extension portion and the first extension portion. The magnetic salient pole extends in the axial direction adjacent to a portion away from the armature so as to be connected in series with one of the two extension portions .

  According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the eleventh aspect, the magnetic salient poles and the permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the adjacent permanent magnets reverse the magnetization in the substantially circumferential direction. It is characterized by being arranged.

  According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the fourteenth aspect, the circumferential length of the permanent magnet between the magnetic salient poles is twice the gap length between the magnetic teeth and the magnetic salient poles. It is characterized by being set to a value that exceeds.

  According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the eleventh aspect, the assembly permanent magnet includes an intermediate magnetic salient pole and two permanent magnet plates that are orthogonal to the plate surface and have the same magnetization direction. The two permanent magnet plates are arranged on both sides of the intermediate magnetic salient pole in the circumferential direction, the magnetic salient poles and the collective permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the adjacent collective permanent magnets are arranged in the substantially circumferential direction. It is characterized by being arranged with the magnetization reversed.

  According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the sixteenth aspect, the sum of the thicknesses of the two permanent magnet plates constituting the assembly permanent magnet is 2 of the gap length between the magnetic teeth and the magnetic salient poles. It is characterized by being set to a value exceeding double.

  The eighteenth aspect of the present invention is the rotating electrical machine system according to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in which the circumferential length on the side closer to the armature of the intermediate magnetic salient pole constituting the assembly permanent magnet is the circumferential direction on the side farther from the armature. It is characterized by being set shorter than the length.

  According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the rotating electrical machine system according to the sixteenth aspect, wherein a part of the intermediate magnetic salient pole portion is set so as to increase the axial magnetic resistance of the intermediate magnetic salient pole portion constituting the assembly permanent magnet. It is characterized by the removal of nonmagnetic material.

  A rotating electric machine system according to a twentieth aspect of the present invention comprises at least a field rotor and an armature arranged concentrically with each other in a radial direction concentrically with a shaft and relatively rotatably arranged, and the armature is disposed on a stationary side. An arrangement of a fixed magnetic magnetic yoke, a plurality of magnetic teeth extending radially from the cylindrical magnetic yoke, and an armature coil wound around the magnetic teeth. The magnetic pole structure is configured to face the magnetic teeth with a gap in the radial direction, extend in the axial direction, and have magnetic salient poles and permanent magnets or aggregated permanent magnets arranged alternately in the circumferential direction. A rotating electrical machine system in which the magnetization directions in the substantially circumferential direction of the permanent magnet or the assembly permanent magnet are alternately reversed so that the body salient poles are magnetized in opposite directions, and adjacent magnetic salient poles are magnetically Magnetized independently The first magnetic salient poles and the second magnetic salient poles that are different from each other are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the second magnetic salient pole has a diameter as a first extension that extends the first magnetic salient pole in the axial direction. The field control unit is composed of an annular field control magnetic yoke disposed on the housing side and a field control coil wound around the field control magnetic yoke. The first and second extensions are opposed to each other with an air gap, and the current supplied to the field control coil is changed according to the output of the rotating electrical machine system to control the field strength between the armature and the rotor, so that the output is optimized. Control device.

  The field control magnetic yoke and the field control coil are arranged on one stationary side of the rotor as an annular shape that goes around the rotation axis. The field controller supplies field control magnetic fluxes having different directions from each other between the first extension and the second extension.

The invention according to claim 21 is the rotary electric machine system according to claim 20, wherein the axial gap length between the first extension and the field control magnetic yoke is divided by the facing area between the first extension and the field control magnetic yoke. And the sum of the axial gap length between the second extension and the field control magnetic yoke divided by the facing area between the second extension and the field control magnetic yoke is the radial gap between the magnetic salient pole and the magnetic teeth. A magnetic path comprising a first extension portion, a second extension portion, and a field control magnetic yoke, the length of which is set to be greater than four times the value obtained by dividing the length by the sum of the opposing areas of the magnetic salient poles and magnetic teeth. The magnetic flux diversion control means restricts the diversion of the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet .

According to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the twentieth aspect, the control magnetic flux magnetic path made of an isotropic magnetic material having a saturation magnetic flux density larger than that of the magnetic material salient pole is provided with the first extension portion and the first extension portion. The magnetic salient pole extends in the axial direction adjacent to a portion away from the armature so as to be connected in series with one of the two extension portions .

  According to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the twentieth aspect, the magnetic salient poles and the permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the adjacent permanent magnets reverse the magnetization in the substantially circumferential direction. It is characterized by being arranged.

  According to a twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the twenty-third aspect, the circumferential length of the permanent magnet between the magnetic salient poles is twice the gap length between the magnetic teeth and the magnetic salient pole. It is characterized by being set to a value that exceeds.

  According to a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the twenty-second aspect, the assembly permanent magnet includes an intermediate magnetic salient pole and two permanent magnet plates having the same magnetization direction and perpendicular to the plate surface. The two permanent magnet plates are arranged on both sides of the intermediate magnetic salient pole in the circumferential direction, the magnetic salient poles and the collective permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the adjacent collective permanent magnets are arranged in the substantially circumferential direction. It is characterized by being arranged with the magnetization reversed.

  According to a twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the twenty-fifth aspect, the sum of the thicknesses of the two permanent magnet plates constituting the assembly permanent magnet is 2 of the gap length between the magnetic teeth and the magnetic salient poles. It is characterized by being set to a value exceeding double.

  According to a twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to the twenty-fifth aspect, the circumferential length on the side closer to the armature of the intermediate magnetic salient pole constituting the assembly permanent magnet is the circumferential direction on the side farther from the armature. It is characterized by being set shorter than the length.

  A twenty-eighth aspect of the present invention is the rotating electrical machine system according to the twenty-fifth aspect, wherein a part of the intermediate magnetic salient pole part is set so as to increase the axial magnetic resistance of the intermediate magnetic substance salient pole part constituting the assembled permanent magnet. It is characterized by the removal of nonmagnetic material.

  According to a twenty-ninth aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to any one of the first to twenty-eighth aspects, the rotational force is inputted, and the control device is induced in the armature coil so that the generated voltage becomes a predetermined value. When the generated voltage is greater than a predetermined value, the field control coil is supplied with a current that reduces the field strength between the armature and the rotor, and when the generated voltage is less than the predetermined value, the field strength is increased. It is characterized by doing.

  According to a thirty-third aspect of the present invention, in the rotating electrical machine system according to any one of the first to twenty-eighth aspects, the control device controls the boundary between the armature and the rotor at a high rotational speed so as to optimally control the rotational force. The magnetic field strength between the armature and the rotor is reduced when the current supplied to the field control coil is controlled in accordance with a predetermined relationship that reduces the magnetic strength and increases the field strength at low rotational speeds. It is configured to supply a current with a large current to the field control coil, and the rotational energy is taken out as generated power.

A rotating electric machine system according to a thirty-first aspect of the present invention comprises at least a field rotor and an armature arranged concentrically with a shaft in a radial direction so as to be relatively rotatable, the armature being a stationary side A magnetic field rotor comprising: a cylindrical magnetic yoke disposed on and fixed to a magnetic field; a plurality of magnetic teeth extending radially from the cylindrical magnetic yoke; and an armature coil wound around the magnetic teeth. The magnetic pole structure of this type is constructed so that it is opposed to the magnetic teeth and extends in the axial direction, and magnetic salient poles and collective permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and adjacent magnetic salient poles are magnetized in opposite directions. In the rotating electrical machine system, the magnetization direction of the substantially permanent direction of the collective permanent magnet is alternately reversed. The collective permanent magnet is orthogonal to the intermediate magnetic body salient pole and the plate surface and has the same magnetization direction. Consists of two permanent magnet plates and two permanent The stone plate is arranged on both sides in the circumferential direction of the intermediate magnetic salient pole, and the intermediate magnetic salient pole has a shape in which the circumferential length on the side close to the armature is shorter than the circumferential length on the side far from the armature, The adjacent magnetic salient poles are magnetically independent from each other, and the first magnetic salient poles and the second magnetic salient poles having different magnetization directions are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. Each of the body salient poles has a first extension portion and a second extension portion that extend in different axial directions, and is disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft so as to contact the first and second extension portions at both ends of the field rotor. The magnetic field control unit includes a magnetic yoke and a field control magnetic coil wound around the field control magnetic yoke, and the magnetic flux from the collective permanent magnet is composed of a first extension part, a second extension part, and a field control magnetic yoke. The magnetic path so as to limit the diversion to the magnetic path The magnetoresistive further has a magnetic gap to be large, and controls the field strengthening degree between the armature and the rotor by changing the current supplied to the field control coil according to the output of the rotary electric machine system to optimize the output And a control device.

The invention of claim 32 comprises at least a field rotor and an armature arranged concentrically with the shaft in the radial direction and relatively rotatably arranged, and the armature is arranged and fixed on the stationary side It consists of a cylindrical magnetic yoke, a plurality of magnetic teeth extending radially from the cylindrical magnetic yoke, and an armature coil wound around the magnetic teeth. The field rotor is attached to the magnetic teeth. Opposite, extending in the axial direction, and having a magnetic pole structure in which magnetic salient poles and permanent magnets or collective permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, the adjacent magnetic salient poles are magnetized in opposite directions to each other. In a rotating electrical machine system in which magnetization directions in the substantially circumferential direction of a permanent magnet or a collective permanent magnet are alternately reversed, adjacent magnetic salient poles are magnetically independent from each other and have different magnetization directions. Salient poles and second magnetic salient poles alternate in the circumferential direction Sequence, group of a field control magnetic coil around the rotating shaft first magnetic salient pole field control magnetic coil to supply a field control magnetic flux of the different directions groups for each group of the second magnetic material salient pole The magnetic path of the magnetic path for supplying the field control magnetic flux is made large to restrict the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet from being shunted to the magnetic path, and the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic body Magnetic field projection is performed by supplying field control magnetic flux in the direction of reverse excitation of the permanent magnet between the salient poles between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole and superimposing the field control magnetic flux on the field flux generated by the permanent magnet. The magnetic flux flowing in the magnetic path composed of the poles and the magnetic teeth is increased, and the field control magnetic flux in the direction for exciting the permanent magnet between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole in the forward direction Between the pole and the second magnetic salient pole By using the permanent magnet as the magnetic path of the field control magnetic flux, and changing the magnetic path through which the magnetic field flux generated by the permanent magnet flows, the magnetic salient pole This is a method for controlling the magnetic flux between the magnetic teeth.

  In the rotating electrical machine system according to the present invention, the magnetic salient poles in which the permanent magnets having different magnetization directions are arranged on both sides of the magnetic salient pole of the rotor are divided into two groups according to the magnetization directions, and the magnetic salient poles belonging to the respective groups. In the meantime, the amount of magnetic flux linked to the armature coil is controlled as a configuration in which the field control magnetic flux is supplied by the field control coil that circulates around the rotating shaft.

  The adjacent magnetic salient poles of the rotor are magnetically independent from each other and a field permanent magnet is disposed between the magnetic salient poles so that the field magnetic flux magnetic path and the field control magnetic flux magnetic path coexist. The necessary condition (B) of the magnetic pole structure in which magnet excitation and current excitation are integrated is satisfied.

  In addition, a magnetic flux shunt control means for increasing the magnetic resistance is arranged in the magnetic path of the field control magnetic flux to control the shunting of the field magnetic flux to the field control magnetic flux magnetic path side by the permanent magnet, and the magnet excitation and current excitation are integrated. The structural requirement (A) is satisfied.

  The above rotating electrical machine system can be applied to conventional rotating electrical machines such as high output motors that mainly use magnet torque or also use reluctance torque, and can reduce the field strength between the rotor and armature by the field control coil. It is possible to widen the range of rotation speeds that can be used practically by controlling it strongly.

  Further, the rotating electrical machine system can improve the power generation function by controlling the field strength between the rotor and the armature by the field control coil, and can control the power generation voltage to a predetermined value.

  Hereinafter, the rotating electrical machine system of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

  A rotating electrical machine system according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The first embodiment is a rotating electrical machine system in which a rotor is disposed inside an armature. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a rotating electric machine, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the structure of an armature and a rotor, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the structure of the rotor, and FIG. 4 is a rotation showing the direction in which field magnetic flux flows. FIG. 5 is a sectional view in the vicinity of the permanent magnet plate showing the direction in which the field magnetic flux flows, FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the relationship between the permanent magnet plate and the direction in which the field control magnetic flux flows, and FIG. 7 is a longitudinal section of the rotor. FIG. 8 and FIG. 8 are block diagrams of the rotating electrical machine system, respectively.

  FIG. 1 shows a rotating electrical machine having a field part that uses both permanent magnet excitation and current excitation as a rotor, and a rotating shaft 11 is rotatably supported by a housing 12 via a bearing 13. The armature includes a cylindrical magnetic yoke 15 fixed to the housing 12, a plurality of magnetic teeth 14 extending in the radial direction from the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, and an armature coil 16 wound around the magnetic teeth 14. Has been. The rotor is an extension of each magnetic salient pole group by dividing the magnetic salient poles 17 constituting the magnetic pole teeth 17 in the radial direction and the magnetic salient poles constituting the magnetic pole part 17 into two groups according to the magnetization direction. One extension 18, second extension 19, field control magnetic yoke 1c on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 11, rotor support 1a, field control coil 1b wound around the field control magnetic yoke 1c, and magnetic flux adjacent to the second extension 19. It is comprised from the shunt control means 1d. The first extension 18 and the second extension 19 are coupled to both ends of the field control magnetic yoke 1c. The first extension 18, the second extension 19, and the field control magnetic yoke 1c are fixed to the rotary shaft 11, and further the first extension. The support 1a is fixed to the part 18 and the second extension part 19 to support the magnetic pole part 17. Reference numeral 1e denotes a slip ring, and reference numeral 1f denotes a brush. The brush 1f and the slip ring 1e are used to supply current to the field control coil 1b arranged in the rotor. Reference numeral 1g denotes a cooling fan fixed to the rotor.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the armature and the rotor along A-A ′ in FIG. 1, and some of the components are numbered for explaining the mutual relationship. The armature was wound around the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15 fixed to the housing 12, a plurality of magnetic teeth 14 extending radially from the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15 and having a gap in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic teeth 14. The armature coil 16 is constituted. In the first embodiment, it is composed of nine armature coils, which are wired in three phases. A saturable magnetic coupling portion 2b that is short in the radial direction is provided between the tips of the adjacent magnetic teeth 14 at the tips of the magnetic teeth 14 of the armature. The magnetic material teeth 14 and the saturable magnetic material coupling portion 2b are formed by punching and stacking silicon steel plates with a mold, winding the armature coil 16, and combining with the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15 to form an armature.

  The saturable magnetic body coupling portion 2 b is integrated with the magnetic body teeth 14 to improve the support strength of the magnetic body teeth 14 and suppress unnecessary vibration of the magnetic body teeth 14. The length of the saturable magnetic body coupling portion 2b in the radial direction is set to be short and easily magnetically saturated, so that it is easily saturated by the magnetic flux generated by the armature coil 16 or the field magnetic flux. A short circuit between the magnetic flux generated by the armature coil 16 and the field magnetic flux is set to a small amount. When a current is supplied to the armature coil 16, the saturable magnetic body coupling portion 2b is magnetically saturated with time, and magnetic flux leaks to the periphery, but the effective current that appears in the magnetically saturated saturable magnetic body coupling portion 2b. Since the boundary of the magnetic gap is not clear, the distribution of the magnetic flux that leaks becomes gentle, and the saturable magnetic body coupling part 2b also contributes to vibration suppression by slowing the time change of the force applied to the magnetic body teeth 14 in this respect as well. .

  In FIG. 2, two permanent magnet plates having magnetization perpendicular to the plate surface are intermediate magnetic salient poles arranged on both sides in the circumferential direction as a collective permanent magnet. Are opposed to each other with a gap in the radial direction, extend in the axial direction, and magnetic salient poles and assembled permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. Adjacent collective permanent magnets are magnetized in opposite directions so that adjacent magnetic salient poles are magnetized in opposite directions. Some of them are numbered to illustrate their relationship.

  A magnetic salient pole 21, an intermediate magnetic salient pole 23, and a magnetic salient pole 22 are arranged in the circumferential direction so as to face the magnetic teeth 14, and permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, and 27 are arranged on the side surfaces thereof. , They have magnetization in the direction perpendicular to the plate surface as indicated by the arrows. In the figure, the collective permanent magnet is composed of a permanent magnet plate 25, an intermediate magnetic salient pole 23, and a permanent magnet plate 26, and the adjacent collective permanent magnets are arranged so as to have magnetizations in opposite directions. The magnetization directions of the permanent magnet plates 24 and 25 on both sides of the magnetic salient pole 21 are opposite to each other, and the magnetization directions of the permanent magnet plates 26 and 27 on both sides of the magnetic salient pole 22 are opposite to each other. The permanent magnet plates 25 and 26 on both side surfaces are arranged so that the magnetization directions are the same. The shape of the intermediate magnetic salient pole 23 is such that the circumference on the side closer to the armature is smaller than the circumference on the far side, and the magnetic path length of the permanent magnet plate 25.26 is set smaller on the armature side to It is configured to concentrate on the armature side.

  The magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 and the intermediate magnetic salient pole 23 are made of the same magnetic plate. That is, a silicon steel plate is used as a mold to punch out slot portions for storing the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, 27, and the magnetic salient poles 21, 22 and the intermediate magnetic salient pole 23, and further the magnetic salient poles 21, 22, intermediate It is configured by laminating silicon steel plates formed by leaving a magnetic coupling portion 29 having a small width connecting the magnetic salient poles 23. Further, a silicon steel plate having the intermediate magnetic salient pole 23 part cut away at the middle in the axial direction of the rotor is laminated to make the axial magnetoresistance of the intermediate magnetic salient pole 23 part large. A control magnetic flux magnetic path 28 made of an isotropic magnetic material is disposed adjacent to the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22.

  A cylindrical field control magnetic yoke 1c is disposed on the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 11, and a field control coil 1b is wound around the field control magnetic yoke 1c. The support 1a is made of a non-magnetic material and supports the magnetic pole portions 17 such as the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 and the intermediate magnetic salient pole 23.

  1 includes magnetic salient poles 21 and 22, intermediate magnetic salient poles 23, permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, and 27 arranged on the side surfaces of the magnetic salient poles, and control magnetic flux. It corresponds to the magnetic path 28, the magnetic material coupling portion 29, and the magnetic gap 2a.

  The slots that store the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, and 27 are connected by a narrow magnetic coupling portion 29. After assembly, the slots are magnetically saturated by the magnetic fluxes of the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, and 27, and are magnetic. Between the body salient pole 21 and the intermediate magnetic salient pole 23 and between the intermediate magnetic salient pole 23 and the magnetic salient pole 22 are magnetically independent from each other. Permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26 and 27 are inserted and fixed in the slot portions of the laminated silicon steel plates, and the magnetic gap 2a is filled with a thermosetting resin which is a non-magnetic material.

  The control magnetic flux magnetic path 28 is formed of an iron plate that is isotropic and has a high saturation magnetic flux density. Since the silicon steel plates forming the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 are laminated in the axial direction, the magnetoresistance in the axial direction is increased. An iron plate is disposed as the control magnetic flux magnetic path 28 on the inner diameter side far from the magnetic teeth 14 to reduce the axial magnetic resistance, thereby facilitating the passage of the field control magnetic flux. Even when the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 are made of an isotropic magnetic material such as a powdered iron core or ferrite, the cross-sectional area is effectively utilized to increase the propagation capacity of the field control magnetic flux. It is desirable to arrange a large control magnetic flux magnetic path 28.

  The support body 1a made of aluminum, the first extension portion 18, and the second extension portion 19 support the magnetic pole portion 17 of the rotor mainly including the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22. The support 1a can be made of nonmagnetic stainless steel or resin.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the rotor. In order to facilitate understanding, the central portion having the magnetic salient poles 21, 22 and the like, the first and second extensions 18 and 19 of the magnetic salient pole, and the magnetic flux diversion control means 1d are shown separately. Reference numeral 11 ′ denotes a hole through which the rotary shaft 11 passes. The first extension 18 has a magnetic projection 31 that is an extension of the magnetic salient pole 21 by forging iron, and is configured integrally with an annular magnetic body 33 that faces the field control magnetic yoke 1c. The nonmagnetic part 35 is formed of stainless steel that does not have magnetism. The second extension portion 19 includes an annular magnetic plate 32 having a magnetic projection that is an extension of the magnetic salient pole 22 by forging iron, and a cylindrical magnetic core 34 that is an extension of the field control magnetic yoke 1c. Configured. The magnetic flux shunt control means 1d has a structure for controlling the magnetic resistance between the annular magnetic plate 32 and the cylindrical magnetic core 34 on the outer periphery of the second extension 19 and will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The first and second extension portions 18 and 19 are formed by forming magnetic projections 31, an annular magnetic body portion 33, an annular magnetic body plate 32, and a cylindrical magnetic core 34 by cutting or forging magnetic stainless steel. The body part 35 may be formed of resin or resin.

  The field control unit includes a brush 1f, a slip ring 1e, a field control magnetic yoke 1c that circulates around the rotating shaft 11, and a field control coil 1b. The field control coil 1b is supplied with current from the brush 1f and the slip ring 1e to generate a field control magnetic flux, and the annular magnetic body portion 33 and the magnetic body protrusion 31 of the first extension 18 coupled to the cylindrical field control magnetic yoke 1c. To the magnetic salient pole 21 via the cylindrical magnetic core 34 of the second extension 19, the magnetic flux shunt control means 1 d, and the annular magnetic plate 32 of the second extension 19. Supply magnetic flux.

  The cylindrical field control magnetic yoke 1c is made of iron which is an isotropic magnetic material so as to reduce the axial magnetic resistance. Alternatively, it may be made of an isotropic magnetic material such as ferrite or sendust.

  The magnetic path of the field control magnetic flux is the field control magnetic yoke 1c, the first extension 18, the magnetic salient pole 21, the magnetic tooth 14, the magnetic salient pole 22, the second extension 19, and the magnetic flux shunt control means 1d. The field control magnetic flux is also induced in the intermediate magnetic salient pole 23 formed integrally with the body salient poles 21 and 22, and there is a possibility that the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 are short-circuited. In this embodiment, the intermediate magnetic salient pole 23 is excised in the middle of the axial direction to increase the axial magnetic resistance of the intermediate magnetic salient pole 23, and the field control magnetic flux hardly flows in the intermediate magnetic salient pole 23 in the axial direction. It is composed.

  FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the rotor and the direction in which the main field magnetic flux flows. However, in the case where the field magnetic flux flows in the case where the rotor is present alone and is incorporated as a rotating electric machine and the armature is present on the outer peripheral side, the armature magnetic teeth 14 are made of a magnetic material. Therefore, the distribution of the field magnetic flux is biased toward the armature side, and the direction in which the field magnetic flux flows changes according to the relative position of the armature and the rotor. In the figure, numbers 41 and 42 indicate field magnetic fluxes, and arrows indicate the direction in which the field magnetic flux flows. The permanent magnet plates 24 and 25 disposed on both side surfaces of the magnetic salient pole 21 have N poles on the magnetic salient pole 21 side, and the permanent magnet plates 26 and 27 disposed on both side surfaces of the adjacent magnetic salient pole 22. Since the magnetic body salient pole 22 side is the S pole, the flow directions of the field magnetic fluxes 41 and 42 are opposite to each other in the circumferential direction. The field magnetic flux 42 passes through the permanent magnet plate 26, the intermediate magnetic salient pole 23, the permanent magnet plate 25, the magnetic salient pole 21, the magnetic substance teeth 14, and the magnetic salient pole 22.

  FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the magnetic salient pole 21 and the direction in which the field magnetic fluxes 41 and 42 flow. The permanent magnet plates 24 and 25 are fixed in the slots so as to have magnetic gaps 52 and 2a at both ends in order to prevent a magnetic flux short circuit. A portion 51 of the field magnetic flux also flows through the magnetic coupling portion 29 at the slot end, and the magnetic coupling portion 29 is magnetically saturated. Since the magnetic body coupling portion 29 is set to be short in the radial direction, the magnetic saturation state is maintained regardless of the direction of the field control magnetic flux, and the relative permeability of the magnetic body in the saturation state is almost the same as that of air. The magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 are not magnetically short-circuited.

  The magnetic pole part of the rotor is mainly composed of a laminated body of silicon steel plates, and slots formed in the silicon steel plates are used as magnetic gaps as magnetic flux barriers and embedded with permanent magnet plates so that they are mechanically strong. Yes. The magnetic salient poles 21, 22 and the intermediate magnetic salient poles 23 are occupied by silicon steel plates so that magnetic flux easily passes in the circumferential direction, and the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, and 27 are magnetic flux barriers that hardly pass magnetic flux in the circumferential direction. This structure is suitable for an electric motor that uses reluctance torque.

  FIGS. 6A and 6B show the permanent magnets arranged on the side surfaces of the magnetic salient poles, showing the direction of flow of the field magnetic flux and the field control magnetic flux around the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 and the intermediate magnetic salient pole 23. The relationship between the magnetization direction of the plate and the direction in which the field control magnetic flux flows will be described. 6A shows a case where the field control magnetic flux strengthens the field magnetic flux 41, 42, and FIG. 6B shows a case where the field control magnetic flux weakens the field magnetic flux 41, 42.

  In the case of the strong field shown in FIG. 6A, the field control magnetic flux flows from the first extension 18 side to the magnetic salient pole 21 side, and the field control magnetic flux flows from the magnetic salient pole 22 side to the second extension 19 side. Is the case. The direction of the field control magnetic flux is the direction in which the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, and 27 are reversely excited. Therefore, as indicated by numerals 61 and 62, the magnetic fluxes 41 and 42 are strengthened by flowing to the outer peripheral magnetic teeth 14 side. become.

  In this case, the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, and 27 function as a magnetic flux barrier for the field control magnetic flux and do not magnetically short the field control magnetic flux flowing in the axial direction through the magnetic material salient pole 21 and the magnetic material salient pole 22. The permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, and 27 are reversely excited, but the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, and 27 always have a magnetic path for the field magnetic flux as indicated by numbers 41 and 42, so that the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, and 27 are reduced. There is no concern about being magnetized.

  Although the field control magnetic flux of the strong field is not short-circuited via the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, 27, the relative permeability of the permanent magnet is almost the same as that of the air, and the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26 , 27 may be small, the field control magnetic flux may leak between them. For example, when the radial gap between the magnetic teeth 14 and the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 is set to about 0.3 to 0.5 mm, the distance between the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 varies depending on the specifications of the rotating electrical machine. The sum of the thicknesses of the permanent magnet plates 25 and 26 is set to 5 mm or more, which is several times the radial gap, so that the leakage of the field control magnetic flux can be ignored. Therefore, the thickness of each of the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, and 27 is 2.5 millimeters or more. However, the thickness setting of the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, 27 is a preferred embodiment, and the performance cannot be obtained with a permanent magnet plate having a thickness smaller than the above numerical values. Set the optimum values according to the specifications of the individual rotating machine, such as the rotor shaft length and field strength.

  In FIG. 6B, the field control magnetic flux flows from the second extension portion 19 side to the magnetic salient pole 22 side, and the field control magnetic flux flows from the magnetic material salient pole 21 side to the first extension portion 18 side. Since the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26 and 27 is the same as the direction in which the field control magnetic flux flows, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26 and 27 is the first extension portion 18 and the second extension portion 19. , The current is diverted to the magnetic path side constituted by the field control magnetic yoke 1c and the like. Reference numeral 63 indicates the shunt magnetic flux of the first extension 18, the second extension 19, and the permanent magnet plates 25 and 26 that shunt to the field control magnetic yoke 1c side. Since the permanent magnet plates 25 and 26 are substantially magnetically saturated, a change in the total amount of magnetic flux generated is small, and the field magnetic flux 42 decreases almost in proportion to the amount of the divided magnetic flux 63. Numbers 64 and 65 indicate the reduced amount of the field magnetic flux 42 as equivalent field control magnetic fluxes flowing between the magnetic teeth 14 and the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22.

  FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the longitudinal section of the rotor, and the configuration and operation of the magnetic flux shunt control means 1d will be described. For example, the magnetic flux of the field magnetic flux 42 is the permanent magnetic plate 26, the intermediate magnetic salient pole 23, the permanent magnet plate 25, the magnetic salient pole 21, the magnetic tooth 14, and the magnetic salient pole 22. It is. However, since the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 are also connected in parallel to a magnetic path formed by the first extension portion 18, the second extension portion 19, the field control magnetic yoke 1c, etc., a considerable field flux is generated in the field control magnetic yoke. The current is also diverted to the magnetic path on the 1c side. When all the magnetic paths passing through the field control magnetic yoke 1c are formed of a magnetic material, there is a gap between the armature magnetic material teeth 14 and the magnetic material salient poles 21 and 22, so that the current is diverted to the field control magnetic yoke 1c side. The magnetic flux is dominant, and the field magnetic fluxes 41 and 42 toward the magnetic teeth 14 become minute.

  In the present invention, magnetic flux shunt control means for increasing the magnetic resistance is arranged in the magnetic path formed by the first extension portion 18, the second extension portion 19, the field control magnetic yoke 1c, etc., and the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, 27 is concentrated on the armature 14 side. Magnetic flux shunt control means are various methods such as reducing the cross-sectional area of a part of the magnetic path, forming a part of the magnetic path with a magnetic material having a low relative permeability, and providing a gap in a part of the magnetic path. Can be realized. However, the magnetic flux shunt control means simultaneously reduces the generation efficiency of the field control magnetic flux. In the first embodiment, a gap is provided in the magnetic path including the field control magnetic yoke 1c as the magnetic flux diversion control means, and when the field control magnetic flux increases in proportion to the current supplied to the field control coil 1b, the gap is reduced to reduce the field control magnetic flux. Adopts a structure that improves the generation efficiency.

  As shown in a longitudinal sectional view in FIG. 7, the magnetic flux shunt control means 1d is movable with a movable annular iron plate 71 facing the annular magnetic plate 32 and the cylindrical magnetic core 34 in the second extension 19 with a gap in the axial direction. It comprises a spring 72 that urges the annular iron plate 71 in the direction of enlarging the gap, and a case 73 made of nonmagnetic stainless steel.

  When there is no field control magnetic flux, even if the field magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, 27 is present, the force of the spring 72 is won and the annular magnetic plate 32, the cylindrical magnetic core 34, and the movable annular iron plate 71 are overcome. The spring 72 is set so as to increase the gap between them. When the field control magnetic flux is large, the movable annular iron plate 71 is magnetically attracted against the spring 72 to reduce the gap between the annular magnetic plate 32 and the cylindrical magnetic core 34 and the movable annular iron plate 71, and the field control magnetic flux is reduced. If it is small, the force of the spring 72 is won and the gap between the annular magnetic plate 32 and the cylindrical magnetic core 34 and the movable annular iron plate 71 is increased. The force for magnetically attracting the movable annular iron plate 71 operates in both cases of strong or weak field in proportion to the absolute amount, regardless of the direction of the field control magnetic flux.

  When the field control magnetic flux generated by the field control coil 1b is small, the space between the annular magnetic plate 32 and the cylindrical magnetic core 34 and the movable annular iron plate 71 is large, so that the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26 and 27 are generated. The magnetic flux concentrates on the magnetic tooth 14 side, and magnet excitation becomes dominant. When the field control magnetic flux is large, the gap between the annular magnetic plate 32 and the cylindrical magnetic core 34 and the movable annular iron plate 71 is small, so that the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, 27 is the first extension portion. 18, the second extension 19, the magnetic field formed by the field control magnetic yoke 1 c, and the like, but the current excitation becomes dominant by increasing the efficiency of the field control magnetic flux generation, and the amount of magnetic flux interlinked with the armature coil 16 is reduced. The control range can be expanded.

  In the rotating electrical machine apparatus described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7, when the rotary shaft 11 is rotated by an external force, the field magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, and 27 is changed to a magnetic salient pole. 21 and 22 sequentially flow into the magnetic teeth 14 and interlink with the armature coil 16. Since the armature coil 16 is connected in three phases, it outputs three-phase power.

  At the same time, when a current is supplied to the field control coil 1b through the brush 1f and the slip ring 1e to generate a field control magnetic flux, the field control magnetic flux sequentially flows from the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 into the opposing magnetic teeth 14 according to the rotation. Then, the armature coil 16 is linked. The armature coil 16 is interlinked with the field magnetic flux by the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26 and 27 and the field control magnetic flux by the field control coil 1b, and outputs electric power corresponding to the sum of the interlinkage magnetic fluxes.

  When the above-described rotating electrical machine apparatus is an electric motor, a reluctance torque and a magnet torque are supplied by supplying a driving current to the armature coil 16 according to the position of the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 and the intermediate magnetic salient pole 23 of the rotor. And can be driven to rotate with high efficiency. Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the amount of magnetic flux interlinked with the armature coil 16 can be changed by the current supplied to the field control coil 1b, such as weak field in the high speed rotation region, strong field in the low speed rotation region, etc. Field control can be realized and always the optimum rotation conditions can be achieved.

  FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a rotating electrical machine system that performs field weakening and field strengthening control. The rotating electrical machine 81 has an input 82 and an output 83, and the control device 85 controls the rotating electrical machine 81 via the control signal 86 by receiving the output 83 of the rotating electrical machine 81 and the state signal 84 including the position of the rotor. If the rotating electrical machine 81 is used as a generator, the input 82 is a rotational force and the output 83 is generated power. If the rotating electrical machine 81 is used as an electric motor, the input 82 is a current supplied to the armature coil 16, and the output 83 is a rotational torque and a rotational speed. Further, it is assumed that the control device 85 includes a drive circuit that drives the electric motor.

  An example in which the rotating electrical machine 81 is used as a generator and field control is performed to form a constant voltage generator system will be described below. The generator 81 uses the input 82 as a rotational force and the output 83 as a power generation output. The control device 85 compares the power generation voltage as the output 83 with a predetermined voltage. If the power generation voltage is greater than a predetermined value, the control signal 86 A current for reducing the field strength between the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 of the rotor and the magnetic teeth 14 of the armature is supplied to the field control coil 1b. If the generated voltage is smaller than a predetermined value, the control signal 86 is supplied. Supplies the field control coil 1b with a current that increases the magnetic field strength between the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 of the rotor and the magnetic teeth 14 of the armature, and controls the generated voltage as the output 83 to a predetermined value. .

  Further, in the case of an electric motor system in which the rotating electric machine 81 is used as an electric motor to control the rotational force by performing weakening or strengthening field control, the input 82 is used as the current supplied to the armature coil 16 and the output 83 is used as the rotational force and rotational speed. When the rotation speed, which is the output 83, is greater than a predetermined value and the field is weakened, the control device 85 generates a field strength between the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 of the rotor and the magnetic teeth 14 of the armature by a control signal 86. Is supplied to the field control coil 1b, and the field speed between the rotor magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 and the armature magnetic teeth 14 when the rotational speed is lower than a predetermined value to make the field stronger. A current having a high strength is supplied to the field control coil 1b.

  As described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8, in the first embodiment, the field control magnetic flux flows in the direction opposite to the magnetization of the field permanent magnet plate in the case of using a strong field magnet. The plate propagates the field control magnetic flux in the magnetic salient pole as a magnetic flux barrier that prevents short circuit between the magnetic salient poles of the field control magnetic flux, but the magnetic path of the field magnetic flux composed of the magnetic salient pole and magnetic teeth is always Therefore, the field permanent magnet plate is not demagnetized. When a field weakening is used, a magnetic field in the same direction as the magnetization direction is applied to the field permanent magnet plate to divert the magnetic flux of the field permanent magnet plate to the field control magnetic yoke side. It is possible to control the field without damaging it.

  In a rotating electrical machine that is long in the axial direction, it is difficult to make the distribution of the field control magnetic flux supplied to the magnetic salient pole uniform. However, since the characteristics of the rotating electrical machine are defined by the total amount, this does not pose a major problem. However, when the cross-sectional area of the magnetic salient pole is small, the amount of field control magnetic flux that can be propagated is limited, and the control range is limited. Increasing the cross-sectional area of the magnetic salient pole that can contribute to the propagation of the field control magnetic flux is important for expanding the control range. In that case, as in the control magnetic flux magnetic path arranged in this embodiment, It is effective to extend the first and second magnetic salient poles to the inner peripheral side in the radial direction to increase the cross-sectional area.

  A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the structure of the magnetic flux shunt control means is changed. In the following, the explanation will be focused on the parts different from the first embodiment. FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the rotating electrical machine, and FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the rotor.

  FIG. 9 shows a rotating electrical machine according to a second embodiment, in which a rotating shaft 11 is rotatably supported by a housing 12 via a bearing 13. The armature includes a cylindrical magnetic yoke 15 fixed to the housing 12, a plurality of magnetic teeth 14 extending in the radial direction from the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, and an armature coil 16 wound around the magnetic teeth 14. Has been. The rotor is an extension of each magnetic salient pole group by dividing the magnetic salient poles 17 constituting the magnetic pole teeth 17 in the radial direction and the magnetic salient poles constituting the magnetic pole part 17 into two groups according to the magnetization direction. It comprises a first extension 18, a second extension 91, a field control magnetic yoke 1c on the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 11, a rotor support 1a, and a field control coil 1b wound around the field control magnetic yoke 1c.

  The first extension 18 is coupled to the field control magnetic yoke 1 c, and the second extension 91 is disposed via the field control magnetic yoke 1 c and the shunt control gap 92. Reference numeral 1e denotes a slip ring, and reference numeral 1f denotes a brush. The brush 1f and the slip ring 1e are used to supply current to the field control coil 1b arranged in the rotor. Reference numeral 1g denotes a cooling fan fixed to the rotor.

  The magnetic pole configurations of the armature and the field rotor are the same as those in the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the rotor. In order to facilitate understanding, the central portion having the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 and the first extension portion 18 and the second extension portion 91 of the magnetic salient pole are shown apart. Reference numeral 11 ′ denotes a hole through which the rotary shaft 11 passes. The first extension 18 is formed integrally with an annular magnetic body 33 that has a magnetic projection 31 that is an extension of the magnetic salient pole 21 by forging iron and is coupled to the field control magnetic yoke 1c. The nonmagnetic part 35 is formed of stainless steel that does not have magnetism. The second extension 91 is formed integrally with the magnetic body protrusion 101 and the annular magnetic body plate 102 which are forged portions of the magnetic body salient pole 22 by forging iron. Reference numeral 103 denotes a non-magnetic part. As shown in FIG. 9, the field control magnetic yoke 1 c is disposed so as to face the annular magnetic plate 102 with a non-magnetic material interposed therebetween as a shunt control gap 92.

  As in the first embodiment, the field control unit includes a brush 1f, a slip ring 1e, a field control magnetic yoke 1c that circulates around the rotating shaft 11, and a field control coil 1b. The field control coil 1b is supplied with current from the brush 1f and the slip ring 1e to generate a field control magnetic flux, and the annular magnetic body portion 33 and the magnetic body protrusion 31 of the first extension 18 coupled to the cylindrical field control magnetic yoke 1c. The magnetic field control magnetic flux is applied to the magnetic material salient pole 21 via the magnetic field salient pole 21, and from the field control magnetic yoke 1 c to the magnetic material salient pole 22 via the shunt control air gap 92, the annular magnetic material plate 102 of the second extension 91, and the magnetic material protrusion 101. Supply.

  For example, the field magnetic flux 42 shown in FIG. 4 is used as the magnetic path of the field magnetic flux. The permanent magnet 25, the magnetic salient pole 21, the magnetic substance tooth 14, the magnetic salient pole 22, the permanent magnet 26, and the intermediate magnetic substance. The salient pole 23. However, since the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 are also connected in parallel to the magnetic path formed by the first extension portion 18, the second extension portion 91, the field control magnetic yoke 1c, etc., a considerable field flux is generated in the field control magnetic yoke. The current is also diverted to the magnetic path on the 1c side. When all the magnetic paths passing through the field control magnetic yoke 1c are formed of a magnetic material, there is a gap between the armature magnetic material teeth 14 and the magnetic material salient poles 21 and 22, so that the current is diverted to the field control magnetic yoke 1c side. The magnetic flux becomes dominant, and the field magnetic flux 42 toward the magnetic material teeth 14 becomes very small.

  In this embodiment, the permanent magnets 25 and 26 are generated by disposing a shunt control air gap 92 having a large magnetic resistance in a magnetic path formed by the first extension 18, the second extension 91, the field control magnetic yoke 1 c and the like. The field magnetic flux is concentrated on the armature 14 side. If the length of the shunt control gap 92 is increased, the field magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnets 25 and 26 can be concentrated on the armature 14 side, but the generation efficiency of the field control magnetic flux generated by the field control coil 1b decreases. . The parameters to be managed by the shunt control gap 92 are the gap length and cross-sectional area of the shunt control gap 92, and the ratio of dividing the field magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnets 25 and 26 into the magnetic body tooth 14 side and the field control magnetic yoke 1c side. , Determine the field control magnetic flux generation efficiency.

  By appropriately determining the parameters of the shunt control gap 92, the rotating electric machine is always operated by the field magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnets 25 and 26, and current is supplied to the field control coil 1b when the field magnetic flux is excessive or insufficient. Thus, the rotating electric machine is controlled so as to operate under optimum conditions as a weak field or a strong field.

  As described above with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10, the second embodiment and the first embodiment are the same in the structure of the field control unit, but the magnetic pole part structure of the armature and the field rotor is the same. The rotary electric machine shown in the second embodiment can realize an electric motor system or the like that performs strong or weak field control as in the first embodiment.

  A third embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The third embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that only the structure of the magnetic salient pole is changed. In the following, the explanation will be focused on the parts different from the first embodiment. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the armature and the rotor, FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor showing the direction of flow of the field magnetic flux, and FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the permanent magnet showing the direction of flow of the field magnetic flux. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the permanent magnet showing the flow direction of the field magnetic flux and the field control magnetic flux.

  FIG. 11 shows a sectional view of the armature and the rotor. The configuration of the rotor and the configuration of the armature excluding the magnetic salient poles are almost the same as those in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and the same reference numerals are given to the members having the same functional shape. Detailed description of the same part is omitted.

  The magnetic pole part structure of the rotor shown in FIG. 11 is different from the structure of the first embodiment shown in FIG. The rotor is composed of a plurality of magnetic salient poles that are opposed to the magnetic teeth with a gap in the radial direction, extend in the axial direction, and are arranged in the circumferential direction, and permanent magnets are arranged between the sides of the magnetic salient poles. In order to explain the mutual relationship, some of them are numbered and shown. The main part of the rotor includes adjacent magnetic salient poles 111 and 112, a permanent magnet 113 between the magnetic salient poles, a magnetic coupling part 114 between the magnetic bodies constituting the magnetic salient pole, and a magnetic gap 115. The control magnetic flux magnetic path 116 corresponds to the magnetic pole portion 17 of the rotor shown in FIG. The arrow shown in the permanent magnet 113 indicates the magnetization direction.

  The permanent magnets 113 adjacent to each other are arranged with their magnetization directions in the circumferential direction reversed so that different magnetizations appear at the magnetic salient poles 111 and 112 at the front ends of the magnetic salient poles 111 and 112. Further, the magnetic salient poles 111 and 112 are divided into two groups according to the magnetization direction, and the magnetic salient pole of the group including the magnetic salient pole 111 is the first extension 18, and the magnetic salient pole of the group including the magnetic salient pole 112 is used. The pole extends as a second extension 19 in different axial directions.

  The magnetic salient poles 111 and 112 and the magnetic substance coupling portion 114 are formed by punching out a silicon steel plate with a mold and then laminating it. The magnetic coupling portion 114 is set to have a small radial length so that the magnetic salient poles 111 and 112 are magnetically separated by the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 113 and magnetically separated. The magnetic gap 115 is filled with a resin that is a nonmagnetic material having a large electric resistance.

  The control magnetic flux magnetic path 116 is formed of an iron plate having isotropic and high saturation magnetic flux density. Since the silicon steel plates forming the magnetic salient poles 111 and 112 are laminated in the axial direction, the axial magnetic resistance is high. Therefore, an iron plate is disposed on the inner diameter side as the control magnetic flux magnetic path 116 to reduce the axial magnetic resistance, An empty space is used to increase the cross-sectional area to facilitate the passage of the field control magnetic flux.

  FIG. 12 shows a sectional view of the rotor and the direction in which the field magnetic flux flows. However, in the case where the field magnetic flux flows in the case where the rotor is present alone and is incorporated as a rotating electric machine and the armature is present on the outer peripheral side, the armature magnetic teeth 14 are made of a magnetic material. Therefore, the distribution of the field magnetic flux is biased toward the armature side, and the magnetic flux distribution changes according to the relative position of the armature and the rotor. In the figure, numerals 121 and 122 indicate field magnetic fluxes, and arrows indicate the direction in which the field magnetic flux flows. The arrow indicates the direction in which the magnetic flux flows by defining that the magnetic flux exits the N pole of the permanent magnet and enters the S pole. The permanent magnet 113 disposed between the magnetic salient poles 111 and 112 has a magnetization in the circumferential direction, and the magnetization direction is reversed for each adjacent permanent magnet 113, so that the magnetic flux leaking from the permanent magnet 113 is the numbers 121 and 122. As shown in FIG. 2, the magnetization direction of the tip portion is reversed by the adjacent magnetic salient poles 111 and 112.

  FIG. 13 shows the direction in which the field magnetic flux flows in the vicinity of the permanent magnet 113. In addition to the field magnetic flux indicated by reference numeral 122, there is a field magnetic flux passing through the magnetic coupling part 114 as indicated by reference numeral 131, and the magnetic coupling part 114 is magnetically saturated. Since the magnetic body coupling portion 114 is set to be short in the radial direction, the magnetic saturation state is maintained regardless of the direction of the field control magnetic flux, and the relative permeability of the magnetic body in the saturation state is almost the same as that of air. There is no magnetic short circuit between the magnetic salient poles 111 and 112 to be performed. The distance including the permanent magnet 113 between the magnetic salient poles 111 and 112 is sufficiently larger than the gap between the magnetic substance teeth 14 and the magnetic salient poles 111 and 112 to suppress the leakage amount of the field control magnetic flux.

  The magnetic pole part of the rotor is mainly composed of a laminated body of silicon steel plates, and slots formed in the silicon steel plates are used as magnetic gaps 115 as magnetic flux barriers, and permanent magnets 113 are embedded, so that they are mechanically formed firmly. ing. The magnetic salient poles 111 and 112 are occupied by silicon steel plates so that magnetic flux easily passes in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic gap 115 between the magnetic salient poles 111 and 112 uses reluctance torque as a magnetic flux barrier that hardly passes magnetic flux in the circumferential direction. It is a structure suitable for an electric motor. A structure that further enhances the effect of the magnetic flux barrier is also possible as a structure in which the permanent magnet 113 occupies almost the entire magnetic gap 115.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram for illustrating the relationship between the flow direction of the field control magnetic flux and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 113, and shows a cross-sectional view of the adjacent magnetic salient poles 111 and 112 and the permanent magnet 113. 14A shows a case where the field control magnetic flux strengthens the field magnetic flux 122, and FIG. 14B shows a case where the field control magnetic flux weakens the field magnetic flux 122.

  In FIG. 14A, the field control magnetic flux flows from the field control magnetic yoke 1c side to the magnetic salient pole 111 side, and the field control magnetic flux flows from the magnetic material salient pole 112 side to the field control magnetic yoke 1c side. Since the direction of the field control magnetic flux is a direction in which the permanent magnet 113 is reversely excited, it flows to the armature side as indicated by numerals 141 and 142 and strengthens the field magnetic flux 122. The permanent magnet 113 serves to separate the field control magnetic fluxes 141 and 142. The permanent magnet 113 is reversely excited, but since the permanent magnet 113 always has a magnetic path indicated by the field magnetic flux 122, there is no concern about demagnetization.

  Although the field control magnetic flux of the strong field is not short-circuited via the permanent magnet 113, the relative permeability of the permanent magnet 113 is almost the same as that of air, and when the circumferential length of the permanent magnet 113 is small, There is a possibility that the field control magnetic flux leaks. Although depending on the specifications of the rotating electrical machine, for example, the radial gap between the magnetic teeth 14 and the magnetic salient poles 111 and 112 is set to about 0.3 to 0.5 millimeters. It is set to about 5 mm so that the leakage of the field control magnetic flux can be ignored. However, the setting of the circumferential length of the permanent magnet 113 is a desirable embodiment, and the performance cannot be obtained with a permanent magnet having a circumferential length smaller than the above numerical value.

  As described with reference to FIG. 13, the field control magnetic flux tends to flow through the magnetically saturated magnetic coupling portion 114, but the field control magnetic flux is further magnetically saturated in the same direction as the field magnetic flux 131. In this direction, the magnetic material coupling portion 114 does not short-circuit the field control magnetic flux.

  In FIG. 14B, the field control magnetic flux flows from the field control magnetic yoke 1c side to the magnetic salient pole 112 side, and the field control magnetic flux flows from the magnetic material salient pole 111 side to the field control magnetic yoke 1c side. Since the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 113 and the direction in which the field control magnetic flux flows are the same, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 113 is diverted to the field control magnetic yoke 1c side. Reference numeral 143 indicates a shunt magnetic flux that is shunted to the field control magnetic yoke 1c side. Since the permanent magnet 113 is almost magnetically saturated, the change in the total magnetic flux generated is small, and the field is approximately proportional to the shunt flux 143. The magnetic flux 122 decreases. Reference numerals 144 and 145 equivalently show the reduced amount of the field magnetic flux 122 as the field control magnetic flux.

  As described above with reference to FIGS. 11 to 14, the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment only in the structure of the magnetic pole portion, and the configuration of the field control unit is the same, and is shown in the third embodiment. As in the first embodiment, the rotating electrical machine can realize a constant voltage generator system, an electric motor system that performs strong or weak field control, and the like according to the block diagram shown in FIG.

  In the first and third embodiments, the magnetic salient pole, the shape around the magnetic salient pole, the shape of the permanent magnet, etc. are different, but the permanent magnet in the third embodiment and the first embodiment are different. An intermediate magnetic salient pole having permanent magnet plates on both sides is substantially equivalent from the viewpoint of a magnetic circuit related to a field magnetic flux and a field control magnetic flux. The difference in shape and size between the two results in a difference in how efficiently the reluctance torque can be used, or how the rotor can be easily manufactured. In the first embodiment, the permanent magnet plates arranged on both side surfaces of the intermediate magnetic salient pole are arranged in a V shape. However, the crossing angle between the permanent magnet plates affects the effect of the magnetic flux barrier. There is an optimum value depending on the system specifications. A configuration in which the gap between the magnetic salient poles of the third embodiment is a permanent magnet is also possible, and the description relating to the first and third embodiments does not limit the scope of the present invention.

  A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the first embodiment, the field control unit is disposed in the rotor, but in the fourth embodiment, the field control unit is disposed on the housing side at both ends of the rotor. The fourth embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the configuration of the field controller is changed. In the following, the explanation will be focused on the parts different from the first embodiment. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view of a rotating electric machine according to the fourth embodiment, FIG. 16 is a sectional view showing the configuration of the armature and the rotor, FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing the rotor and the field control unit, and FIG. 18 is a field control magnetic flux. It is a perspective view which shows the rotor and field controller which show the direction which flows.

  FIG. 15 shows a rotating electrical machine having a rotor with a field part that uses both permanent magnet excitation and current excitation. A rotating shaft 11 is rotatably supported by a housing 12 via a bearing 13. The armature includes a cylindrical magnetic yoke 15 fixed to the housing 12, a plurality of magnetic teeth 14 extending radially from the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, and an armature coil 16 wound around the magnetic teeth 14. It is composed of The rotor is fixed to the rotating shaft 11 via a support body 157 so that the magnetic pole portion 17 rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 11. The magnetic pole part 17 is comprised by the laminated body of a silicon steel plate, is extended in an axial direction, and consists of six magnetic body salient poles as shown in FIG. Further, the magnetic salient poles are divided into two groups according to the magnetization direction, and the first extension 151 and the second extension 152 of each magnetic salient pole group are formed. The field control magnetic yokes 153 and 154 and the field control coils 155 and 156 that are fixed to the housing 12 and circulate around the rotating shaft 11 constitute a field control unit. The inner peripheral ends of the field control magnetic yokes 153 and 154 are opposed to the first extension portion 151 and the second extension portion 152 of the rotor with a gap therebetween, and the outer peripheral ends of the field control magnetic yokes 153 and 154 are opposed to the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15. Each is connected.

  FIG. 16 is a sectional view of the armature and the rotor along B-B ′ in FIG. 15. The structure of the armature and the structure of the magnetic pole part of the rotor are almost the same as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and the same reference numerals are given to members having the same functional shape. Detailed description of the same part is omitted.

  The main difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is the support for the rotor indicated by reference numeral 157. As described with reference to FIG. 15, the field control magnetic yoke and the field control coil constituting the field control unit are arranged on the housing side at both ends of the rotor. The configuration of the field control unit will be further described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the rotor and the field controller in the rotating electrical machine system of the fourth embodiment. In order to facilitate understanding, a field control magnetic yoke constituting a field control unit disposed on the housing side is shown by separating the central portion having the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 from the first extension portion 151 and the second extension portion 152. 153, 154 and the field control coil 155 are shown.

  The first extension portion 151 includes a magnetic projection 171 and an annular magnetic portion 172 that are extensions of the magnetic salient pole 21, and the annular magnetic portion 172 passes through an inner peripheral portion of the field control magnetic yoke 153 and a gap. Facing each other. The second extension 152 includes a magnetic protrusion 173 and an annular magnetic part 174 that are extensions of the magnetic salient pole 22, and the annular magnetic part 174 is interposed between the inner periphery of the field control magnetic yoke 154 and a gap. Facing each other. Reference numeral 175 indicates a non-magnetic part.

  The magnetic protrusion 171 and the annular magnetic body 172 of the first extension 151, the magnetic protrusion 173 and the annular magnetic part 174 of the second extension 152 are formed by forging from an iron plate, and the non-magnetic part 175 is magnetic. It is made of stainless steel that does not have

  The field control unit is disposed on the housing 12 side at both ends of the rotor, and includes field control magnetic yokes 153 and 154 and field control coils 155 and 156 that circulate around the rotating shaft 11. The inner peripheral portions of the field control magnetic yokes 153 and 154 are opposed to the annular magnetic body portion 172 of the first extension portion 151 of the rotor and the annular magnetic body portion 174 of the second extension portion 152 with a gap therebetween, respectively, and the field control magnetic yoke 153 , 154 are coupled to both ends of the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, respectively. Field control coils 155 and 156 are wound around field control magnetic yokes 153 and 154 as shown in FIGS. That is, the field control magnetic coil 155 is linked to the magnetic path formed by the field control magnetic yoke 153, the magnetic material teeth 14, the magnetic material salient pole 21, and the first extension 151, and the field control magnetic coil 156 is the field control magnetic yoke 154, the magnetic material. It is linked to the magnetic path formed by the teeth 14, the magnetic salient poles 22, and the second extension 152.

  18 is a diagram showing the flow direction of the field control magnetic flux generated by the field control unit. The perspective view of the rotor and the field control unit shown in FIG. 17 shows the flow direction of the field control magnetic flux 181 and the field control magnetic flux 182. The field control magnetic flux 181 is formed from the inner periphery of the field control magnetic yoke 153 to the annular magnetic body portion 172 and the magnetic body protrusion 171, the magnetic body salient pole 21, the magnetic body teeth 14, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, the field control magnetism of the first extension 151. The field control magnetic flux 182 flows from the outer periphery of the field control magnetic yoke 154 to the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, the magnetic teeth 14, the magnetic salient pole 22, the magnetic protrusion 173 of the second extension 152, and It is shown that the annular magnetic body portion 174 flows to the inner peripheral portion of the field control magnetic yoke 154. Each arrow indicates the direction in which the field control magnetic flux flows.

  The configuration of the magnetic pole portion including the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, The role 27 controls the flow direction of the field control magnetic flux is the same, and the description thereof is omitted.

  Field control coils 155 and 156 so that the direction of flow of a magnetic material salient pole 21 of field control magnetic flux in and out of the magnetic material tooth 14 are opposite directions to each other are connected in series. Although the field control magnetic fluxes 181 and 182 generated by the field control coils 155 and 156 flow in the opposite directions in the adjacent magnetic material salient poles 21 and 22, the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26 and 27 always have the magnetic material salient poles and never permanent magnet plate 24, 25, 26, 27 are demagnetized so has a magnetic path constituted by the intermediate magnetic material salient poles and the armature of the magnetic teeth, and the like.

  The permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, 27 have a magnetic salient pole 21, a magnetic salient pole 22, an intermediate magnetic salient pole 23, a magnetic path including the magnetic teeth 14, a magnetic salient pole 21, and a first extension. part 151, field control magnetic yoke 153, the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, the field control magnetic yoke 154, the second extension portion 152, since a magnetic path including a magnetic material salient pole 22 are connected in parallel, the permanent magnet plate 24, 25 , 26, 27 flow in both magnetic paths. As the magnetic resistance of each magnetic path is more dominant in the air gap than in the magnetic body, the magnetic resistance in the air gap in the field controller is approximately the magnetic resistance in the air gap between the magnetic teeth and the magnetic salient pole. It is set to large. That is, the gap between the field control magnetic yoke 153 and the first extension 151 and the gap between the field control magnetic yoke 154 and the second extension 152 are defined as a shunt control gap, and the length of the shunt control gap as a part of the field control section. This is a means for concentrating the field magnetic flux on the magnetic tooth side by regulating the height and the facing area.

  Since the magnetic resistance in the air gap is proportional to the value obtained by dividing the air gap length by the area facing the air gap, the axial air gap length between the field control magnetic yoke 153 and the first extension 151 is set to the field extension magnetic yoke 153 and the first extension. opposite the divided by the opposing area between parts 151 and first minute flow control gap reluctance, the field control magnetic yoke 154 in the axial direction length of the gap between the second extension portion 152 and the field control magnetic yoke 154 and the second extension portion 152 The value divided by the area is defined as the second shunt control gap magnetic resistance, and the total length of the gap between the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 and the magnetic teeth 14 where the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 face the magnetic teeth 14 is the sum. The length of the shunt control air gap is set so that the sum of the first shunt control air gap magnetic resistance and the second shunt control air gap magnetic resistance is larger than the field air gap magnetic resistance, with 4 times the value divided by Set the facing area, permanent magnet 24, 25, 26, 27 are small and a flow rate of the magnetic path including a magnetic flux field control magnetic yoke 153 and 154 to be generated. The magnetic field magnetic reluctance mentioned above has the same area where the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 face the magnetic teeth 14, and the field magnetic flux passes through the gap between the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 and the magnetic teeth 14. It is defined as a round trip.

  As described above with reference to FIGS. 15 to 18, the fourth embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the field control magnetic flux is generated and supplied to the magnetic salient pole. The purpose of supplying field control magnetic fluxes having different directions to the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 divided into two groups represented by the adjacent magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 is the same, or Since the operation of the electric motor is the same, detailed description is omitted.

  A fifth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the first embodiment has been arranged field control section in the rotor, the fifth embodiment is arranged to field control unit on the housing side of the one end of the rotor. The fifth embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the configuration of the field controller is changed. In the following, the explanation will be focused on the parts different from the first embodiment. FIG. 19 is a longitudinal sectional view of a rotating electric machine according to a fifth embodiment, FIG. 20 is a sectional view showing the structure of the armature and the rotor, and FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing the rotor and the field control unit.

  FIG. 19 shows a rotating electrical machine having a rotor with a field part that uses both permanent magnet excitation and current excitation. A rotating shaft 11 is rotatably supported by a housing 12 via a bearing 13. The armature includes a cylindrical magnetic yoke 15 fixed to the housing 12, a plurality of magnetic teeth 14 extending radially from the cylindrical magnetic yoke 15, and an armature coil 16 wound around the magnetic teeth 14. It is composed of The rotor includes a magnetic pole part 17 and an annular magnetic plate 191. Field control unit field control magnetic yoke 193 arranged on the housing 12 side, is composed of the field control coil 194 Prefecture, field control magnetic yoke 193 faces axially through the gap and the annular magnetic plate 191. Reference numeral 192 denotes a cylindrical magnetic body portion that is integrally formed with the magnetic pole portion 17 and is fixed to the rotating shaft 11, and reference numeral 195 denotes a non-magnetic body portion.

  FIG. 20 shows a cross-sectional view of the armature and the rotor along C-C ′ of FIG. 19. Configuration of the armature structure and the rotor magnetic pole portions 17 is substantially the same as the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the same components of the functional configuration are denoted by the same numbers. Detailed description of the same part is omitted.

  The main difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is an extension of the magnetic salient pole 22 indicated by numeral 201, which is a field controller. The configuration of the field control unit will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the rotor and the field controller in the rotating electrical machine system of the fifth embodiment. In order to facilitate understanding, the central portion having the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 and the like and the annular magnetic plate 191 are shown apart, and the field control magnetic yoke 193 and the field control coil 194 disposed on the housing side are shown. Reference numeral 11 ′ denotes a hole through which the rotary shaft 11 passes.

  The annular magnetic plate 191 includes a magnetic projection 211 that is an extension of the magnetic salient pole 21, an annular magnetic member 212 that is integral with the magnetic projection 211, and a cylindrical magnetic core 213 that is coupled to the cylindrical magnetic member 192. , And a non-magnetic part 214.

  The magnetic body salient poles are divided into two groups represented by the magnetic body salient poles 21 and 22 according to the magnetization direction, and the first extension portion of the magnetic body salient pole 21 is integrally formed with the magnetic body projecting portion 211 and the annular magnetic body portion 212. corresponding to the second extension portion of the magnetic material salient pole 22 corresponds to the cylindrical magnetic core 213 of the inner peripheral portion of the extension portion 201 and the cylindrical magnetic body 192 and the annular magnetic body plate 191. Field control magnetic yoke 193 face each other across the annular magnetic body 212 at the outer peripheral portion, respectively gap between the cylindrical magnetic core 213 in the inner peripheral portion, the field control coil 194 is annular magnetic body portion 212, field control magnetic yoke 193, a cylindrical magnetic core 213 and the magnetic path constituted by 213.

  In the rotor, the magnetic salient poles 21, 22, the magnetic body coupling portion 29, the extension portion 201, and the cylindrical magnetic body portion 192 are integrated, and are laminated by punching out a silicon steel plate with a die. The nonmagnetic portion 195 is filled with a thermosetting resin.

  The control magnetic flux magnetic path 28 is formed of an iron plate having a high saturation magnetic flux density. The annular magnetic plate 191 has a magnetic projection 211 and an annular magnetic portion 212, and the cylindrical magnetic core 213 is formed by forging iron, and the non-magnetic portion 214 is made of stainless steel without magnetism.

  The field control unit is fixed to the housing 12, and the inner and outer peripheral portions thereof are configured by a field control magnetic yoke 193 and a field control coil 194 that are opposed to the cylindrical magnetic core 213 and the annular magnetic body 212, respectively, with a gap interposed therebetween. Field control flux is generated by supplying a current to the field control coil 194, cylindrical magnetic core 213 which is opposed to the inner peripheral end of the field control magnetic yoke 193, it is supplied to respectively through an annular magnetic body 212 magnetic salient poles 22, 21 The

  The configuration of the magnetic pole portion including the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, The role 27 controls the flow direction of the field control magnetic flux is the same, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, 27 have a magnetic salient pole 21, a magnetic salient pole 22, an intermediate magnetic salient pole 23, a magnetic path including magnetic substance teeth 14, a magnetic salient pole 21, and an annular magnetic substance. Part 212, field control magnetic yoke 193, cylindrical magnetic core 213, and magnetic path including magnetic salient poles 22 are connected in parallel, so that the magnetic flux generated by permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, and 27 It flows on the road. As the magnetic resistance of each magnetic path is more dominant in the air gap than in the magnetic body, the magnetic resistance in the air gap in the field controller is approximately the magnetic resistance in the air gap between the magnetic teeth and the magnetic salient pole. It is set to large. That is, the field control the gap between the magnetic yokes 193 and the annular magnetic body 212 and shunt control gap, concentrated field flux to regulate the length and the opposed area of the flow control gaps as part of the field controller to the magnetic teeth side As a means to make it.

  Field control magnetic yoke 193 a gap length between the field control magnetic yoke 193 and the annular magnetic plate 191 because in magnetoresistance gap portion is proportional to the value obtained by dividing the area opposed to the gap length in the gap portion and the annular magnetic body 212 a shunt control gap magnetoresistive the sum of the divided by the opposing area between the field control magnetic yoke 193 and the cylindrical magnetic core 213 a gap length between the opposed value was divided by the area and field control magnetic yoke 193 and the cylindrical magnetic core 213 with , 4 obtained by dividing the gap length between the magnetic salient pole 21 and the magnetic salient pole 22 and the magnetic teeth 14 by the total area of the magnetic salient pole 21 and the magnetic salient pole 22 facing the magnetic teeth 14. multiplying the a field 磁空 gap reluctance, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet plates 24, 25, 26, 27 is generated is shunted control gap reluctance set larger than the field 磁空 gap reluctance to the magnetic path including the field control magnetic yoke 193 The flow rate of It is set to.

  In the fifth embodiment, the rotor receives a force in the right direction in FIG. 19 due to the magnetic attractive force acting between the inner and outer peripheral ends of the field control magnetic yoke 193 and the cylindrical magnetic core 213 and the annular magnetic body portion 212. Compared to the embodiment, there is an advantage that only one field control coil is required. Furthermore, in the fourth embodiment, the field control magnetic flux supplied to the first extension and the second extension may be unbalanced due to the gap length difference between the first extension and the second extension and the field control magnetic yoke. However, in the fifth embodiment, the field control magnetic flux does not become unbalanced.

  As described above with reference to FIGS. 19 to 21, the fifth embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the field control magnetic flux is generated and supplied to the magnetic salient pole, but the magnetic salient pole depends on the magnetization direction. The purpose of supplying field control magnetic fluxes having different directions to the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 divided into two groups represented by the magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 is the same. Since the operation to be performed is the same, detailed description is omitted.

  A sixth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The sixth embodiment is a rotating electrical machine system using the rotating electrical machine apparatus of the first embodiment as a generator / motor of a hybrid car.

  In the figure, reference numeral 221 denotes the rotating electrical machine apparatus shown in the first embodiment, and the rotating electrical machine apparatus 221 has a rotating shaft 229 coupled with a hybrid car engine 222 to transmit rotational force by a belt. The rotational force of the rotary shaft 229 is transmitted to the drive shaft 22a via the transmission 223. Controller 224 receives a command 22b from the host controller, the rotary electrical machine 221 via a motor drive circuit 225 drives a motor, to control the field strengthening of the rotary electric machine 221 through the field control circuit 226. Further, the control device 224 is configured to receive the command 22b from the host control device, rectify the generated power appearing on the lead wire 22c of the armature coil 16 via the rectifier circuit 227, and charge the battery 228.

  The controller 224 drives the rotating electrical machine 221 through the motor driving circuit 225 as an electric motor by an instruction command 22b, the rotary shaft 229 is rotated a rotation of the engine 222 by the assist or alone, the transmission 223, the drive shaft 22a This contributes to the driving force of the hybrid car. When it is necessary to reinforce the magnet torque in the low rotational speed range immediately after the start-up, the control device 224 passes the field control circuit 226 to the field 14 between the armature magnetic teeth 14 and the rotor magnetic salient poles 21 and 22. When a current having a high strength is supplied to the field control coil 1b to weaken the field in the high rotation speed range, the control device 224 passes the field control circuit 226 through the field control circuit 226 to provide the armature magnetic teeth 14 and the rotor magnetic body. A current for reducing the field strength between the salient poles 21 and 22 is supplied to the field control coil 1b.

  When the hybrid car can be driven only by the rotational force of the engine 222, the generated power appearing on the lead wire 22c of the armature coil 16 is changed to direct current via the rectifier circuit 227 by the command 22b, and the battery 228 is charged. A control device 224 when the controlling current supplied to the field control coil 1b through the field control circuit 226 so as to be an optimum voltage charging the battery 228. When the battery 228 is charged, a converter that converts the generated voltage by using the rotating electrical machine device as a constant voltage generator is unnecessary. Further, even when the battery 228 is composed of a plurality of types of batteries having different voltage types, an expensive converter can be eliminated by adding a switching circuit to control the generated power voltage to be optimal for each battery.

  The sixth embodiment also functions effectively as an energy recovery system during braking of the hybrid car. When receiving the regenerative braking instruction through the command 22b, the control device 224 supplies the field control coil 1b with a current that increases the field strength between the armature magnetic body teeth 14 and the rotor magnetic body salient poles 21 and 22, The battery 228 is charged with the generated power. In the case of having a plurality of batteries 228, the current supplied to the field control coil 1b is controlled via the field control circuit 226 so as to obtain a power generation voltage that matches the charging voltage of the battery 228 having the most capacity for charging. The field strength between the teeth 14 and the rotor magnetic salient poles 21 and 22 is controlled. Since the rotating electrical machine device 221 is a physique used as a drive motor, it can generate a sufficient braking force as a generator for regenerative braking.

  As described above in detail with reference to the embodiment, the gist of the present invention is that the magnet strength and the current excitation can be used together to easily control the field strength between the rotor and the armature. To provide a rotating electrical machine system. In the proposed rotating electrical machine system, the field control magnetic flux can control the field strength between the armature and the rotor without impairing the characteristics of the permanent magnet for the field placed in the rotor, and can use a wide range of magnet torque and reluctance torque. It can be applied to various rotating electrical machine systems, and these rotating electrical machine systems can be operated under optimum conditions.

  Is realized by software control field weakening in the conventional motor using a magnet torque and reluctance torque, but in the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention can realize the field weakening by the same software control, current control to the further field control coil In combination, the field-weakening control range can be expanded and field-enhancing control can be realized. In addition, conventional field-weakening control by software causes heat generation due to eddy current loss in the armature, and the enlargement and instability of the software, including monitoring of various parameters, have been a major problem. If only the current control to the field control coil is used, the problem of soft enlargement and instability can be solved. Further, there is an advantage that it is possible to easily introduce a sensorless drive by eliminating a costly rotational position detector.

  The above examples spirit of the present invention, various improvements in the range of interest, modifications are possible, not necessarily above embodiments to limit the scope of the invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the field rotor is disposed inside the armature, but a structure in which the field rotor is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the armature is also possible. Regarding the armature coil, the configuration of 6 magnetic salient poles, 9 magnetic teeth and armature coil is adopted in the above embodiment, but this is only an example and various combinations are possible. . In the above embodiment, the armature coil is intensively wound around each magnetic tooth, but the armature coil may be wound across a plurality of magnetic teeth, Various configurations are possible according to the generator specifications.

  The rotary electric machine system according to the present invention was readily controlled field strengthening degree between conventional magnet torque, the rotor and by changing the structure of the rotary electric machine that utilizes reluctance torque armature. In addition to being able to be used as a high-output motor like the conventional rotating electrical machine, the rotating electrical machine system can expand the practical rotational speed range, further improve the power generation function, and control the power generation function.

  It can be used in a generator / motor system for a moving body, and it can be expected to be used in a range of rotational speeds higher than that of a conventional driving motor. In addition, it can recover energy during braking and improve overall energy consumption.

  In addition, the constant voltage generator system can control the generated voltage uniformly over a wide rotational speed range, eliminating the need for a constant voltage control circuit, and eliminating the need for a converter for charging multiple types of batteries with different voltages, reducing the overall system cost. It can be reduced.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary electric machine by the 1st Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the armature and rotor of a rotary electric machine shown by FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a rotor and a field control unit of the rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 1. It is sectional drawing of the rotor which shows the direction through which the field magnetic flux of the rotary electric machine shown by FIG. 1 flows. It is sectional drawing of the permanent magnet board vicinity which shows the direction through which the field magnetic flux of the rotary electric machine shown by FIG. 1 flows. It is sectional drawing which shows the relationship between the permanent magnet plate of the rotary electric machine shown by FIG. 1, and the direction through which a field control magnetic flux flows. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the rotor of the rotary electric machine shown by FIG. It is a block diagram of the rotary electric machine system which performs field control. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary electric machine by the 2nd Example of this invention. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a rotor and a field control unit of the rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 9. It is sectional drawing which shows the armature and rotor of a rotary electric machine by 3rd Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the rotor which shows the direction through which the field magnetic flux of the rotary electric machine shown by FIG. 11 flows. It is sectional drawing of the permanent magnet vicinity which shows the direction through which the field magnetic flux of the rotary electric machine shown by FIG. 11 flows. It is sectional drawing of the permanent magnet vicinity which shows the direction through which the field magnetic flux and field control magnetic flux of a rotary electric machine shown by FIG. 11 flow. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary electric machine by the 4th Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the armature and rotor of a rotary electric machine which were shown by FIG. FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a rotor and a field control unit of the rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 15. FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a rotor and a field control unit showing a direction in which a field control magnetic flux flows in the rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 15. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary electric machine by the 5th Example of this invention. FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view showing an armature and a rotor of the rotating electric machine shown in FIG. 19. FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a rotor and a field control unit of the rotating electrical machine shown in FIG. 19. It is a block diagram of the rotary electric machine system by the 6th Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

11 ... rotating shaft, 12 ... housing,
13 ... Bearings, 14 ... Magnetic teeth,
15 ... cylindrical magnetic yoke, 16 ... armature coil,
17 ... magnetic pole part, 18 ... first extension part,
19 ... second extension, 1a ... support,
1b: field control coil, 1c: field control magnetic yoke,
1d: magnetic flux shunt control means, 1e: slip ring,
1f ... brush, 1g ... cooling fans 21, 22 ... magnetic salient poles, 23 ... intermediate magnetic salient poles,
24, 25, 26, 27 ... Permanent magnet plate,
28 ... Control magnetic flux magnetic path, 29 ... Magnetic material coupling part,
2a ... magnetic gap, 2b ... saturable magnetic material coupling part 31 ... magnetic material projection, 32 ... annular magnetic material plate,
33 ... Annular magnetic body part, 34 ... Cylindrical magnetic core,
35... Non-magnetic part 41, 42 .. Field magnetic flux 51. Field magnetic flux 52. Magnetic air gap 61, 62, 64, 65.
63 ... Diverted magnetic flux 71 ... Moving annular iron plate, 72 ... Spring,
73 ... Case 81 ... Rotary electric machine, 82 ... Input,
83 ... Output, 84 ... Status signal,
85 ... Control device 86 ... Control signal 91 ... Second extension 92 ... Diverted flow control gap 101 ... Magnetic protrusion, 102 ... Annular magnetic part,
103... Nonmagnetic part 111, 112 .. Magnetic salient pole, 113 ... Permanent magnet,
114 ... magnetic material coupling part, 115 ... magnetic gap,
116: control magnetic flux magnetic paths 121, 122 ... field magnetic flux 131 ... field magnetic flux 141, 142, 144, 145 ... field control magnetic flux,
143 ... shunt magnetic flux 151 ... first extension, 152 ... second extension,
153, 154 .. Field control magnetic yoke, 155, 156 .. Field control coil,
157... Supports 171, 173 .. Magnetic body protrusions, 172, 174..
175... Non-magnetic part 181, 182 ..Field control magnetic flux 191... Annular magnetic plate, 192.
193 ... Field control magnetic yoke, 194 ... Field control coil,
195: Non-magnetic part 201 ... Extension part 211 ... Magnetic substance projection part, 212 ... Annular magnetic substance part,
213... Cylindrical magnetic core, 214... Non-magnetic portion 221...
222 ... Hybrid car engine,
223 ... transmission, 224 ... control device,
225 ... electric motor drive circuit, 226 ... field control circuit,
227 ... Rectifier circuit, 228 ... Battery,
229 ... rotating shaft, 22a ... drive shaft,
22b: Command from host controller, 22c: Armature coil lead wire

Claims (32)

The rotating electrical machine system is composed of at least a field rotor and an armature arranged concentrically with each other in the radial direction concentrically with a shaft and relatively rotatably arranged, and the armature is a cylindrical shape arranged and fixed on the stationary side. The magnetic rotor is composed of a magnetic yoke, a plurality of magnetic teeth extending in a radial direction from the cylindrical magnetic yoke, and an armature coil wound around the magnetic teeth. The teeth are opposed to each other with a gap in the radial direction and extend in the axial direction. Magnetic salient poles and permanent magnets or aggregated permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and adjacent magnetic salient poles are opposite to each other. A rotating electrical machine system in which the magnetization directions in the substantially circumferential direction of the permanent magnet or the assembly permanent magnet are alternately reversed so that the magnets are magnetized in the directions, and adjacent magnetic salient poles are magnetically independent from each other. First magnets with different magnetization directions The body salient poles and the second magnetic salient poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and each of the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole has a first extension part and a second extension part extending in different axial directions. And a field control magnetic yoke disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft and comprising a field control magnetic yoke that contacts the first and second extensions at both ends of the field rotor, and a field control magnetic coil wound around the field control magnetic yoke. Magnetic flux shunt control means for limiting the shunting of the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet to the magnetic path by increasing the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path constituted by the first extension portion and the second extension portion and the field control magnetic yoke And a controller for controlling the field strength between the armature and the rotor by changing the current supplied to the field control coil in accordance with the output of the rotating electrical machine system and optimizing the output.
2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic flux shunt control means is a magnetic gap provided in a magnetic path formed by the first extension portion, the second extension portion, and the field control magnetic yoke. Electric system
2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic flux shunt control means includes a magnetic body and a movable magnetic body piece constituting a magnetic path in a magnetic path constituted by the first extension portion, the second extension portion, and the field control magnetic yoke. And a spring that urges the movable magnetic piece so that the gap becomes large, and magnetically attracts the movable magnetic piece in proportion to the amount of current flowing through the field control coil. rotating electric machine system, characterized in that the magnetic gap is disposed in the magnetic path so that a small and
2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the control magnetic flux magnetic path made of an isotropic magnetic material having a saturation magnetic flux density larger than the magnetic salient pole is in series with either the first extension portion or the second extension portion. A rotating electrical machine system characterized in that it extends in the axial direction adjacent to a portion of the magnetic salient pole away from the armature so as to be connected to
2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic salient poles and the permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the adjacent permanent magnets are arranged by reversing the magnetization in the substantially circumferential direction. Characteristic rotating electrical machine system 6. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 5, wherein the circumferential length of the permanent magnet between the magnetic salient poles is set to a value exceeding twice the gap length between the magnetic salient poles and the magnetic salient poles. Characteristic rotating electrical machine system 2. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the collective permanent magnet includes an intermediate magnetic salient pole and two permanent magnet plates orthogonal to the plate surface and having the same magnetization direction. The magnetic salient poles and collective permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the adjacent collective permanent magnets are arranged by reversing the magnetization in the substantially circumferential direction. Rotating electrical machine system characterized by 8. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 7, wherein the sum of the thicknesses of the two permanent magnet plates constituting the assembled permanent magnet is set to a value exceeding twice the gap length between the magnetic teeth and the magnetic salient poles. Rotating electrical machine system In the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 7, the circumferential length on the side close to the armature of the intermediate magnetic salient pole constituting the assembly permanent magnet is set shorter than the circumferential length on the side far from the armature. Characteristic rotating electrical machine system 8. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 7, wherein a part of the intermediate magnetic salient pole part is cut away so as to increase the axial magnetic resistance of the intermediate magnetic substance salient pole part constituting the assembled permanent magnet, and the nonmagnetic material is obtained. Rotating electrical machine system characterized by the arrangement of The rotating electrical machine system is composed of at least a field rotor and an armature arranged concentrically with each other in the radial direction concentrically with a shaft and relatively rotatably arranged, and the armature is a cylindrical shape arranged and fixed on the stationary side. The magnetic rotor is composed of a magnetic yoke, a plurality of magnetic teeth extending in a radial direction from the cylindrical magnetic yoke, and an armature coil wound around the magnetic teeth. The teeth are opposed to each other with a gap in the radial direction and extend in the axial direction. Magnetic salient poles and permanent magnets or aggregated permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and adjacent magnetic salient poles are opposite to each other. A rotating electrical machine system in which the magnetization directions in the substantially circumferential direction of the permanent magnet or the assembly permanent magnet are alternately reversed so that the magnets are magnetized in the directions, and adjacent magnetic salient poles are magnetically independent from each other. First magnets with different magnetization directions The body salient poles and the second magnetic salient poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and each of the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole has a first extension part and a second extension part extending in different axial directions. The field control unit is composed of two annular field control magnetic yokes and two field control coils wound around each of the field control magnetic yokes. The two field control magnetic yokes are coupled to both ends of the cylindrical magnetic yoke, respectively. Opposite the first and second extensions through the gap in the axial direction, and control the field strength between the armature and the rotor by changing the current supplied to the field control coil according to the output of the rotating electrical machine system. Rotating electric machine system having a control device for optimizing the output 12. The rotary electric machine system according to claim 11, wherein a value obtained by dividing an axial gap length between the first extension portion and the field control magnetic yoke by a facing area between the first extension portion and the field control magnetic yoke, and the second extension portion and the field control. The sum of the axial gap length between the magnetic yokes divided by the facing area between the second extension and the field control magnetic yoke is the sum of the radial gap length between the magnetic salient pole and the magnetic teeth as the magnetic salient pole. A magnetic path composed of a first extension, a field control magnetic yoke, and an armature, and a second extension and a field control magnetic yoke are set to be greater than four times the value divided by the sum of the opposing areas of the magnetic teeth. And a magnetic flux diversion control means for restricting the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet to be diverted to a magnetic path formed by the armature and the armature
12. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 11, wherein the control magnetic flux magnetic path composed of an isotropic magnetic material having a saturation magnetic flux density larger than that of the magnetic material salient pole is in series with either the first extension portion or the second extension portion. A rotating electrical machine system characterized in that it extends in the axial direction adjacent to a portion of the magnetic salient pole away from the armature so as to be connected to
12. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 11, wherein the magnetic salient poles and the permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the adjacent permanent magnets are arranged by reversing the magnetization in the substantially circumferential direction. Characteristic rotating electrical machine system The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 14, wherein the circumferential length of the permanent magnet between the magnetic salient poles is set to a value exceeding twice the gap length between the magnetic salient poles and the magnetic salient poles. Characteristic rotating electrical machine system 12. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 11, wherein the collective permanent magnet includes an intermediate magnetic salient pole and two permanent magnet plates orthogonal to the plate surface and having the same magnetization direction. The magnetic salient poles and collective permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the adjacent collective permanent magnets are arranged by reversing the magnetization in the substantially circumferential direction. Rotating electrical machine system characterized by 17. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 16, wherein the sum of the thicknesses of the two permanent magnet plates constituting the assembled permanent magnet is set to a value exceeding twice the gap length between the magnetic teeth and the magnetic salient poles. Rotating electrical machine system In the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 16, the circumferential length on the side close to the armature of the intermediate magnetic salient pole constituting the assembly permanent magnet is set shorter than the circumferential length on the side far from the armature. Characteristic rotating electrical machine system 17. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 16, wherein a part of the intermediate magnetic salient pole part is cut away so as to increase the axial magnetic resistance of the intermediate magnetic substance salient pole part constituting the assembled permanent magnet, and the non-magnetic material. Rotating electrical machine system characterized by the arrangement of The rotating electrical machine system is composed of at least a field rotor and an armature arranged concentrically with each other in the radial direction concentrically with a shaft and relatively rotatably arranged, and the armature is a cylindrical shape arranged and fixed on the stationary side. The magnetic rotor is composed of a magnetic yoke, a plurality of magnetic teeth extending in a radial direction from the cylindrical magnetic yoke, and an armature coil wound around the magnetic teeth. The teeth are opposed to each other with a gap in the radial direction and extend in the axial direction. Magnetic salient poles and permanent magnets or aggregated permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and adjacent magnetic salient poles are opposite to each other. A rotating electrical machine system in which the magnetization directions in the substantially circumferential direction of the permanent magnets or the assembly permanent magnets are alternately reversed so as to be magnetized in the direction, and adjacent magnetic salient poles are magnetically independent from each other. First magnets with different magnetization directions The body salient poles and the second magnetic salient poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the first magnetic salient poles extend in the axial direction as the first extension, and the second magnetic salient poles are changed in diameter in the same axial direction. The field control unit is composed of an annular field control magnetic yoke disposed on the housing side and a field control coil wound around the field control magnetic yoke. A control device for optimizing the output by controlling the field strength between the armature and the rotor by changing the current supplied to the field control coil in accordance with the output of the rotating electrical machine system. Rotating electrical machine system 21. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 20, wherein a value obtained by dividing an axial gap length between the first extension and the field control magnetic yoke by a facing area between the first extension and the field control magnetic yoke, and the second extension and the field control. The sum of the axial gap length between the magnetic yokes divided by the facing area between the second extension and the field control magnetic yoke is the sum of the radial gap length between the magnetic salient pole and the magnetic teeth as the magnetic salient pole. The magnetic flux from the permanent magnet is set in a magnetic path constituted by the first extension part, the second extension part, and the field control magnetic yoke, and is set to be larger than four times the value divided by the sum of the opposing areas to the magnetic teeth. rotating electric machine system but which is characterized in that the magnetic flux shunt control means for limiting that to divert
21. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 20, wherein the control magnetic flux magnetic path composed of an isotropic magnetic material having a saturation magnetic flux density larger than that of the magnetic material salient pole is in series with either the first extension portion or the second extension portion. A rotating electrical machine system characterized in that it extends in the axial direction adjacent to a portion of the magnetic salient pole away from the armature so as to be connected to
The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 20, wherein the magnetic salient poles and the permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the adjacent permanent magnets are arranged by reversing the magnetization in the substantially circumferential direction. Characteristic rotating electrical machine system 24. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 23, wherein the circumferential length of the permanent magnet between the magnetic salient poles is set to a value more than twice the gap length between the magnetic teeth and the magnetic salient poles. Characteristic rotating electrical machine system 21. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 20, wherein the collective permanent magnet includes an intermediate magnetic salient pole and two permanent magnet plates orthogonal to the plate surface and having the same magnetization direction. The magnetic salient poles and collective permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the adjacent collective permanent magnets are arranged by reversing the magnetization in the substantially circumferential direction. Rotating electrical machine system characterized by 26. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 25, wherein the sum of the thicknesses of the two permanent magnet plates constituting the assembly permanent magnet is set to a value exceeding twice the gap length between the magnetic teeth and the magnetic salient poles. Rotating electrical machine system 26. In the rotating electrical machine system according to claim 25, the circumferential length on the side close to the armature of the intermediate magnetic salient pole constituting the assembly permanent magnet is set shorter than the circumferential length on the side farther from the armature. Characteristic rotating electrical machine system 26. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 25, wherein a portion of the intermediate magnetic salient pole part is excised to increase the axial magnetic resistance of the intermediate magnetic salient pole part constituting the assembled permanent magnet, and the nonmagnetic material Rotating electrical machine system characterized by the arrangement of 29. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the power generation voltage induced in the armature coil is a predetermined value so that the control device receives the rotational force and the power generation voltage becomes a predetermined value. The rotation is characterized by supplying a current to the field control coil to make the field strength between the armature and the rotor small when it is larger, and to increase the field strength when the generated voltage is smaller than a predetermined value. Electric system 29. The rotating electrical machine system according to claim 1, wherein the control device reduces the field strength between the armature and the rotor at a high rotational speed so as to optimally control the rotational force. At the rotational speed, the current supplied to the field control coil is controlled according to a predetermined relationship that increases the field strength. When the rotational speed is decreased, the current that increases the field strength between the armature and the rotor is controlled by the field control. A rotating electrical machine system that is configured to be supplied to a coil and extracts rotational energy as generated power The rotating electrical machine system is composed of at least a field rotor and an armature arranged concentrically with each other in the radial direction concentrically with a shaft and relatively rotatably arranged, and the armature is a cylindrical shape arranged and fixed on the stationary side. The magnetic rotor is composed of a magnetic yoke, a plurality of magnetic teeth extending in a radial direction from the cylindrical magnetic yoke, and an armature coil wound around the magnetic teeth. The magnetic permanent magnets and the magnetic permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, facing the teeth and extending in the axial direction, and the magnetic permanent magnets are adjacently magnetized in opposite directions. A rotating electrical machine system in which the magnetized directions in the substantially circumferential direction of the magnet are alternately reversed. The assembled permanent magnet is composed of an intermediate magnetic material salient pole and two permanent magnet plates perpendicular to the plate surface and having the same magnetization direction. The two permanent magnet plates are intermediate magnetic salient poles. The intermediate magnetic salient poles are arranged on both sides in the circumferential direction, and the intermediate magnetic salient poles have a shorter circumferential length on the side closer to the armature than the circumferential length on the far side from the armature. First magnetic salient poles and second magnetic salient poles that are magnetically independent and have different magnetization directions are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and each of the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole has a different axis. A field control magnetic yoke having a first extension portion and a second extension portion extending in the direction, arranged on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft and in contact with the first and second extension portions at both ends of the field rotor, and a field control magnetic yoke A magnetic field control unit composed of a wound field control magnetic coil, and a magnetic flux from the collective permanent magnet is shunted to a magnetic path composed of a first extension part, a second extension part, and a field control magnetic yoke. Magnets that increase the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path to limit Further comprising an air gap, to control the field strengthening degree between the armature and the rotor by changing the current supplied to the field control coil according to the output of the rotary electric machine system, a rotating electrical machine and a control device for optimizing the output system
The rotating electrical machine system is composed of at least a field rotor and an armature arranged concentrically with each other in the radial direction concentrically with a shaft and relatively rotatably arranged, and the armature is a cylindrical shape arranged and fixed on the stationary side. The magnetic rotor is composed of a plurality of magnetic teeth extending in a radial direction from a magnetic yoke and a cylindrical magnetic yoke, and an armature coil wound around the magnetic teeth. The field rotor is opposed to the magnetic teeth. The permanent magnet has a magnetic pole structure that extends in the axial direction and in which magnetic salient poles and permanent magnets or collective permanent magnets are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and adjacent magnetic salient poles are magnetized in opposite directions. Alternatively, in a rotating electrical machine system in which the magnetization directions in the substantially circumferential direction of the assembly permanent magnets are alternately reversed, the adjacent magnetic salient poles are magnetically independent from each other and the first magnetic salient poles having different magnetization directions from each other. And second magnetic salient poles alternate in the circumferential direction Sequence, group of a field control magnetic coil around the rotating shaft first magnetic salient pole field control magnetic coil to supply a field control magnetic flux of the different directions groups for each group of second magnetic body salient The magnetic path of the magnetic path for supplying the field control magnetic flux is made large to restrict the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet from being shunted to the magnetic path, and the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic body Magnetic field projection is performed by supplying field control magnetic flux in the direction of reverse excitation of the permanent magnet between the salient poles between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole and superimposing the field control magnetic flux on the field flux generated by the permanent magnet. The magnetic flux flowing in the magnetic path composed of the poles and the magnetic teeth is increased, and the field control magnetic flux in the direction for exciting the permanent magnet between the first magnetic salient pole and the second magnetic salient pole in the forward direction Between the pole and the second magnetic salient pole By using the permanent magnet as the magnetic path of the field control magnetic flux, and changing the magnetic path through which the magnetic field flux generated by the permanent magnet flows, the magnetic salient pole Method for controlling magnetic flux between magnetic teeth

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