JP4587199B2 - Methods for reducing the number of somatic cells in milk in dairy cows - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for reducing the number of somatic cells in milk, and more particularly to a method for reducing the number of somatic cells in milk by administering vitamin C that bypasses rumen, and a preparation used therefor.

At the milk production stage by dairymen, standard values are set for indices relating to milk quality such as milk protein, milk fat, non-fat solids, and the number of somatic cells in milk. If these criteria are not met, it will be very important for dairymen to be penalized for milk price and in some cases milk will be suspended. However, among these indicators, it is difficult to control the number of somatic cells in milk, and it is not uncommon for many dairymen to exceed the standard value.

Currently, most of the causes of increased somatic cell count in milk are thought to be due to mastitis. The index of somatic milk cell count mainly indicates the white blood cell count in milk, and an increase in the somatic milk cell count means bacterial infection of the mammary gland in the breast, that is, mastitis. Mastitis, if severe, can cause cattle to die and, even if mild (so-called potential), can lead to significant economic losses for dairymen, such as reduced milk yield and reduced quality. It is a serious disease. Thus, the number of somatic cells in milk and mastitis are closely related, and reducing the number of somatic cells in milk leads to improvement of mastitis at the same time.

At present, in order to prevent mastitis, nipples are immersed in a disinfectant before and after milking and milking, and a preparation for that purpose has also been proposed (see Patent Document 1). In addition, antibiotics are administered by veterinarians as a treatment method when suffering from mastitis, but it is economical for dairymen because it costs a treatment fee and milk shipment is restricted for a certain period after treatment. The loss is great. And the use of antibiotics remains problematic in terms of safety, such as leading to the development of drug-resistant bacteria.

In order to avoid such problems, attempts have been made to reduce the number of somatic cells in the milk by devising the composition of the feed (ie, prevention or improvement of mastitis), such as licorice, auren, ougon, koboku, etc. A method of administering a crude drug (see Patent Document 2), a method of administering an organic acid such as citric acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid (see Patent Document 3), a method of administering vitamin A and methionine bypassing rumen ( Patent Document 4) has been proposed. In addition, antioxidant feed additives such as vitamin A, vitamin E, β-carotene, and selenium are generally widely used because they are relatively inexpensive and can be easily handled by dairymen themselves. However, these methods cannot effectively reduce the number of somatic cells in the milk, and the number of mastitis has not yet been reduced. Therefore, effective measures to replace these methods are required.

On the other hand, vitamin C is known to have an effect of improving meat quality when administered to beef cattle (see Patent Document 5, Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2). In addition, there is known an example in which fat and oil-coated vitamin C is administered to Japanese black cattle for prevention of stress and cold (see Patent Document 6). However, it is not known that administration of vitamin C to dairy cows significantly reduces the number of somatic cells in milk.

JP 11-155404 A JP-A-1-172332 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-2724641 JP-A-3-58925 JP 2002-209528 A JP 2000-281575 A Aichi Prefectural Agricultural Experiment Station Research Report 31, 245-252 (1999) Aichi Prefectural Agricultural Research Center 32, 207-214 (2000)

The present invention provides a method for reducing the number of somatic cells in milk safely and effectively, and a preparation used therefor.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors found that when vitamin C was orally administered to a dairy cow having a high number of somatic cells in milk, the number of somatic cells in milk was significantly reduced and mastitis was improved. The present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention relates to the following (1) to (6).

(1) A method for reducing the number of somatic cells in milk, which comprises orally administering to a cow a rumen bypass vitamin C coated with a fatty acid metal salt .
(2) A method for reducing the number of somatic cells in milk, which comprises orally administering to a cow a rumen bypass vitamin C coated with a fatty acid metal salt and a lumen bypass vitamin E coated with a fatty acid metal salt .
(3) The method according to (1) or (2), wherein 0.3 to 100 g per day as vitamin C is orally administered.

(4) The method according to (2), wherein 0.6-30 g per day as vitamin E is orally administered.
(5) A preparation for reducing the number of somatic cells in milk, comprising vitamin C bypassing a lumen coated with a fatty acid metal salt .
(6) preparation for reducing milk somatic cell count which comprises vitamin E for rumen bypass is coated with vitamin C and fatty acid metal salt rumen bypass which is coated with a fatty acid metal salt.

As used herein, the term “lumen-bypassing vitamin C” is protected from microbial degradation of the rumen of the cow, digested and absorbed in the 4th and subsequent stomachs, and exhibits activity as vitamin C. It means vitamin C preparation. Any method for bypassing the lumen can be used as long as it is a known method, but preferred examples include the methods described in Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 56-1057 and 59-10780. And those coated with a fatty acid metal salt or the like produced by the above method. This can be easily manufactured, has a high bypass effect, and can further enhance the bypass effect by performing granulation such as pelletization or granulation. In this case, the fatty acid used as the fatty acid metal salt is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a plant-derived fatty acid such as soybean or rice in order to enhance palatability.

Vitamin C bypassed by rumen may be free L-ascorbic acid or a metal salt, or may be a metal salt of a phosphate ester. Preferred examples include L-ascorbic acid, L-ascorbic acid calcium, L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate sodium calcium, L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate magnesium, etc. Among them, L -Most preferred is calcium ascorbate.

As used herein, the term “decrease milk somatic cell count” simply means “decrease milk somatic cell count in dairy cows that have been subject to milk price penalties or shipment suspension due to increased milk somatic cell count. It means "to maintain the milk somatic cell count of dairy cows that have not received a milk price penalty or shipment suspension at a level that can be shipped".

The dose of vitamin C that bypasses the rumen to dairy cows is preferably 0.3 to 100 g as vitamin C per head, and it is preferably 5 to 50 g from the viewpoint of the effect, and at least 2 g is preferable considering economy. When the number of somatic cells in milk is extremely high or immediately decreases, 10 to 100 g is good. When this effect is maintained or when normal somatic cell number is maintained and increased, it is 0.3. -30 g is preferred. When the amount is less than 0.3 g, a loss due to decomposition in the rumen and a loss due to various actions in the bovine body are large, and thus a sufficient effect for improving the number of somatic cells in milk cannot be expected. In many cases, a sufficient effect can be obtained by daily administration, but a more stable effect can be expected by multiple administrations or continuous administrations over a rest period.

Moreover, in order to reduce the number of somatic cells in milk, single administration of rumen bypass vitamin C may be performed, but a more excellent effect can be expected by combined use with rumen bypass vitamin E. The dose of vitamin E that bypasses the rumen to dairy cows should be 0.6-30 g per day as vitamin E, preferably 5-30 g from the viewpoint of effect, and preferably at least 2 g from the viewpoint of economy. .

Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described with specific examples.

Example 1 Production of Lumen Bypass Formulation 1
600 g of vitamin C calcium salt (calcium L-ascorbate) was mixed uniformly with stirring in 300 g of heated and melted rice oil and 100 g of rice oil fatty acid calcium, and then dripped from a nozzle to form a granular (particle size of 1 to 2 mm) 1000 g of rumen bypass preparation (Composition 1) was obtained.

Example 2 Production 2 of Lumen Bypass Formulation 2
Vitamin C calcium salt (L-ascorbic acid calcium) 400 g, vitamin E powder 200 g, rice oil 300 g and rice oil-derived fatty acid calcium 100 g were mixed uniformly with stirring, and then granulated (particle size in the same manner as in Example 1). 1 to 2 mm) of a lumen bypass preparation 1000 g (Composition 2) was obtained.

Example 3
Nine Holstein cows with a milk somatic cell count of 2 million cells / ml or more were selected, and 50 g of composition 1 per head was given on the day of the test (first administration) and the third day (second administration). The test was carried out separately for each of the 3 groups of B-VC group to be fed, VC group to which 30 g of vitamin C calcium salt (calcium L-ascorbate) was fed, and B-VCE group to which 75 g of composition 2 was fed. In each group, the number of somatic cells in the milk 7 days and 20 days after the first day of the test, the day after the first administration, the day after the second administration, and the day after the second administration were measured and summarized in Table 1. In addition, the level of the number of somatic cells in milk is symbolized and shown in parentheses.
++: 2 million pieces / ml or more, ++: 1 million pieces / ml or more and less than 2 million pieces / ml, +: 300,000 pieces / ml or more and less than 1 million pieces / ml, −: 300,000 pieces / ml or less
The level is below the reference value and no penalty is imposed on the milk price.

As a result, in the B-VC and B-VCE groups, although the number of somatic cells in the milk was very high before administration, the number of cows decreased significantly in the first administration and in which cow in the second administration. The number of standard somatic cells that can avoid the penalty was 300,000 cells / ml or less. In the B-VCE section, the results were as effective as or better than B-VC, and the effect of vitamin C was synergistically enhanced by vitamin E. In addition, most of the cows were less than 300,000 for 20 days after the cessation of administration, and the effect was sustained. In the VC group, although it was on a decreasing trend due to administration, the results were higher after the second administration than in the other groups.

Example 4
Choose 9 Holstein cows with 2 million somatic milk / ml or more in milk, 1 dose group giving 50 g of daily dose per composition, 2 dose groups given 2 consecutive days, 5 days consecutive The test group was divided into 3 groups, each of which was divided into 5 dose groups. In each group, the number of somatic cells in the milk was measured on the day before the start of the test, the day after each administration day, and 7 days and 20 days after the last administration day. In addition, the level of the number of somatic cells in the milk is symbolized in parentheses in the same manner as in Example 3.

Before treatment, each cow had a very high number of somatic cells in milk, but it decreased significantly with each increase in the number of doses of Composition 1, and the sustainability of the effect after discontinuation was significantly increased. . In particular, in the 5th administration group, almost no cattle maintained 300,000 or less for 20 days after the discontinuation of administration, and the sustainability of the effect was the highest.

Example 5
B-VC section that selects 15 Holstein cows with a somatic cell count in the milk of 1 million / ml or more and gives 20 g of composition 1 per head for two months in July and August when the temperature is high. The test was conducted separately for each of the 5 groups of the VC group to which 12 g of vitamin C calcium salt (calcium L-ascorbate) was given and the control group to which 12 g of vitamin C calcium salt was not given. In each group, the number of somatic cells in milk was measured on the day before the start of the test, 1 month later, 2 months later, and 3 months later, and the average value of each 5 animals is shown in Table 3. In addition, the level of the number of somatic cells in milk is symbolized and shown in parentheses.
++: 1 million pieces / ml or more, ++: 700,000 pieces / ml or more and less than 1 million pieces / ml, +: 300,000 pieces / ml or more and less than 700,000 pieces / ml, −: 300,000 pieces / ml or less
The level is below the reference value and no penalty is imposed on the milk price.

As a result, in the B-VC section, administration of Composition 1 for one month reduces the number of somatic cells to avoid penalties, and further discontinues administration, and the number of somatic cells in milk is one month later. It was a very good result maintaining a value much lower than the reference value. Even in the VC group, the number of somatic cells in milk showed a decreasing trend, and a certain degree of effect was obtained. However, the control group not given vitamin C did not show an improvement trend but rather deteriorated.

From the above results, it was shown that the number of somatic cells in milk decreased by oral administration of vitamin C that bypasses rumen to dairy cows, and that a high effect was obtained by using vitamin C and vitamin E together. This indicates that the present invention is very effective not only for avoiding a milk price penalty but also for improving mastitis itself, and can be said to be an invention that has a great economic effect on the dairy industry.

Claims (6)

A method for reducing the number of somatic cells in milk, comprising orally administering to a cow a rumen bypass vitamin C coated with a fatty acid metal salt . A method for reducing the number of somatic cells in milk, comprising orally administering to a cow a rumen bypass vitamin C coated with a fatty acid metal salt and a lumen bypass vitamin E coated with a fatty acid metal salt . The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 0.3 to 100 g per day is orally administered as vitamin C per day. The method according to claim 2, wherein 0.6 to 30 g per day per day as vitamin E is orally administered. A preparation for reducing the number of somatic cells in milk, comprising vitamin C bypassing a lumen coated with a fatty acid metal salt . Formulations for reducing the milk somatic cell count which comprises vitamin E for rumen bypass is coated with vitamin C and fatty acid metal salt rumen bypass which is coated with a fatty acid metal salt.