JP4573902B2 - 薄膜形成方法 - Google Patents
薄膜形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4573902B2 JP4573902B2 JP2009046917A JP2009046917A JP4573902B2 JP 4573902 B2 JP4573902 B2 JP 4573902B2 JP 2009046917 A JP2009046917 A JP 2009046917A JP 2009046917 A JP2009046917 A JP 2009046917A JP 4573902 B2 JP4573902 B2 JP 4573902B2
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- thin film
- substrate
- fine particle
- fine particles
- plasma
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims description 218
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 61
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 267
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 165
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 121
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 79
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 79
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 79
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 33
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 29
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021424 microcrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZOCHARZZJNPSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron Chemical compound B#B ZOCHARZZJNPSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/24—Deposition of silicon only
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- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
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- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/3411—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials
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- C03C17/3482—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials at least one of the coatings being a non-oxide coating comprising silicon, hydrogenated silicon or a silicide
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
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- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
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- C23C16/458—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for supporting substrates in the reaction chamber
- C23C16/4582—Rigid and flat substrates, e.g. plates or discs
- C23C16/4583—Rigid and flat substrates, e.g. plates or discs the substrate being supported substantially horizontally
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- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
- H01L31/072—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type
- H01L31/0745—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type comprising a AIVBIV heterojunction, e.g. Si/Ge, SiGe/Si or Si/SiC solar cells
- H01L31/0747—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type comprising a AIVBIV heterojunction, e.g. Si/Ge, SiGe/Si or Si/SiC solar cells comprising a heterojunction of crystalline and amorphous materials, e.g. heterojunction with intrinsic thin layer
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Description
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1にかかる薄膜形成装置の構成を模式的に示す断面図であり、図2は、図1の薄膜形成装置の微粒子噴出室およびプラズマ処理室のA−A断面図であり、図3は、薄膜形成装置の微粒子噴出室およびプラズマ処理室と基板との関係を示す断面図であり、図4は、プラズマ処理室内のプラズマ源を電極側から見た概略図であり、図5は、薄膜形成装置の微粒子噴出室およびプラズマ処理室と基板およびヒータの位置関係を示す上面図である。なお、図1において、紙面の左右方向をX軸方向とし、X軸に垂直な紙面内の方向をZ軸とし、X軸とZ軸の両方に垂直な方向(紙面に垂直な方向)をY軸とする。
図9は、この発明の実施の形態2にかかる薄膜形成装置の構成を模式的に示す断面図である。この薄膜形成装置1は、実施の形態1において、基板ホルダ6を容器2に固定し、微粒子噴出室3とプラズマ処理室4a,4bを容器2に対して可動にした構成を有する。つまり、容器2の上部は、開口部2aと、この開口部2aを覆い、容器2上部と密着して設けられる支持部材15と、支持部材15をXY平面(基板面)方向に移動可能な図示しない移動手段と、を備え、微粒子噴出室3とプラズマ処理室4a,4bとこれらの処理室を容器2中の他の空間と区切る隔壁10とは、その上部が支持部材15に固定されるように構成されている。また、基板ホルダ6とヒータ7とは、基板5を基板ホルダ6に載置させたときに、ヒータ7が基板5を加熱することができるように一体的に構成されている。この例では、ヒータ7は、基板ホルダ6の底部を構成している場合が示されている。このような基板ホルダ6の構造によれば、ヒータ7によって基板5全体を加熱することができ、実施の形態1の図1の薄膜形成装置1に比べて、基板5の温度の制御がしやすくなる。なお、実施の形態1で説明した構成要素と同一の構成要素には、同一の符号を付して、その説明を省略している。
図10は、この発明の実施の形態3にかかる薄膜形成装置の構成を模式的に示す断面図であり、図11は、薄膜形成装置の微粒子噴出室およびプラズマ処理室と基板およびヒータの位置関係を示す上面図である。この薄膜形成装置1は、実施の形態1において、微粒子供給部34a,34b,34cが複数設けられ、さらに、切替器38と、排出部39と、を備える構成を有する。また、基板ホルダ6には、基板5のほかに、ダミー基板62を保持するダミー基板保持部61が設けられている。なお、実施の形態1の構成と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付して、その説明を省略している。
図13は、この発明の実施の形態4にかかる薄膜形成装置の構成を模式的に示す断面図である。この薄膜形成装置1は、実施の形態1において、複数の微粒子噴出室3a,3bを設け、各微粒子噴出室3a,3bに対して、微粒子供給部34a,34bとコントローラ35a,35bが設けられた構成を有する。なお、ここでは、微粒子噴出室3a,3bと微粒子供給部34a,34bとコントローラ35a,35bがそれぞれ2つ設けられ、代わりにプラズマ処理室4が1つとなっている。また、この例では、微粒子噴出室3a,3bと微粒子供給部34a,34bとコントローラ35a,35bが2つの場合を示しているが、これに限られるものではない。さらに、上述した実施の形態と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付して、その説明を省略している。
上述した薄膜形成装置において、基板の移動方向に対して配置されるプラズマ処理室と微粒子噴出室は複数であってもよい。図14は、この発明の実施の形態5にかかる薄膜形成装置の構成を模式的に示す断面図である。この薄膜形成装置1は、実施の形態1において、X軸方向に1つの微粒子噴出室3と2つのプラズマ処理室4a,4bが順に配置された構成を有している。ここで、プラズマ源46aでは水素プラズマ48aを生成し、プラズマ源46bではシリコン薄膜を形成するためのプラズマ48bを生成する。このような構成にすることによって、微粒子噴出室3によって基板5上に配置したシリコン微粒子の表面に付着した、液体中に含まれ蒸発しきれなかった不純物をまずプラズマ処理室4aで水素プラズマによって除去し、さらに、プラズマ処理室4bでのプラズマ処理によって、シリコン微粒子表面および基板5表面を水素で終端させながらシリコン膜を形成することで、最終的に形成される微粒子を含むシリコン薄膜の膜質を改善することができる。また、プラズマ処理とプラズマ処理の間の時間は基板5の移動時間しか含まないため、その場で連続して処理することができ、時間による膜質劣化が小さい利点がある。
この実施の形態6では、上記したプラズマ生成方法以外の方法を用いてプラズマ源を構成する場合を説明する。図15は、この発明の実施の形態6にかかる薄膜形成装置の構成を模式的に示す断面図である。この薄膜形成装置1は、実施の形態1において、プラズマ源46a,46bの電極43a,43bが、誘電体71a,71bで覆われた構造を有し、基板5が電極43a,43bの対向電極である接地電極の役割を果たす構造となっている。なお、上述した構成と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付して、その説明を省略している。
図16は、この発明の実施の形態7にかかる薄膜形成装置の構成を模式的に示す断面図である。この薄膜形成装置1は、実施の形態1において、フィルム状基板5aにも薄膜を形成可能な構成としている。つまり、容器2を挟んだX軸上の両側にフィルム状基板5aを供給したり巻き取ったりするローラ9a,9bを設け、ローラ9a,9b間の対応する容器2にフィルム状基板5aを通すための開口部72a,72bが設けられた構成を有する。この場合、フィルム状基板5aのX軸方向の移動は、ローラ9a,9bを回転させてフィルム状基板5aを移動させることによって行い、フィルム状基板5aのY軸方向の移動は、左右のローラ9a,9bをY軸方向に同期して移動させる図示しない移動手段によって行う。
上述した説明では、微粒子を基板に配置する方法として、微粒子含有液体を噴霧する方法を例に挙げて説明したが、微粒子を含む気体(以下、微粒子含有気体という。また、特許請求の範囲における微粒子含有媒体に対応する。)を基板に吹き付ける方法を用いてもよい。
2 容器
2a 開口部
3,3a,3b 微粒子噴出室
4,4a,4b プラズマ処理室
5 基板
5a フィルム状基板
6 基板ホルダ
7 ヒータ
8a,8b 排気部
9a,9b ローラ
10 隔壁
11 溝
12 先端部
15 支持部材
31,31a,31b 噴出口
32 微粒子供給配管
34,34a,34b,34c 微粒子供給部
35,35a,35b コントローラ
36 貯気室
37 ミスト
38 切替器
39 排出部
41a,41b ガス供給管
42a,42b ガス供給口
43,43a,43b 電極
44,44a,44b 接地電極
45 プラズマ生成用電源
46a,46b プラズマ源
47 ガス供給部
48a,48b プラズマ
51 第1の電極
52 p型シリコン薄膜
53 i型シリコン薄膜
54,54a,54b,54c 微粒子
55 n型シリコン薄膜
56 第2の電極
57 裏面透明道電膜
58 金属膜
61 ダミー基板保持部
62 ダミー基板
71a,71b 誘電体
72a,72b 開口部
Claims (4)
- プラズマを生成させて原料ガスを分解させることで基板表面上に薄膜を形成する、あるいは、原料ガスにより前記基板表面を処理するプラズマ処理工程と、
微粒子を含む微粒子含有媒体を前記基板表面上の所望の位置に噴出し前記微粒子含有媒体から媒体を除去することで前記基板表面に微粒子を配置する微粒子配置工程と、
前記微粒子配置工程を経て、前記基板上または前記薄膜上に配置された前記微粒子の上に、さらに薄膜を形成することによって前記微粒子を含む薄膜を形成する薄膜形成工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする薄膜形成方法。 - 前記プラズマ処理工程と前記微粒子配置工程とを同一容器内で行う処理工程を繰り返し行うことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の薄膜形成方法。
- 前記同一容器内で行う処理工程は、他の微粒子配置工程をさらに含み、
異なる前記微粒子配置工程では、粒径または材料の異なる微粒子を配置することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の薄膜形成方法。 - 前記同一容器内で行う処理工程は、他のプラズマ処理工程をさらに含み、
異なる前記プラズマ処理工程では、異なる原料ガスを用いて前記薄膜形成または前記基板表面処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の薄膜形成方法。
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US9941100B2 (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2018-04-10 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Adjustable nozzle for plasma deposition and a method of controlling the adjustable nozzle |
WO2014024729A1 (ja) * | 2012-08-09 | 2014-02-13 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 太陽電池の製造方法、及びその製造方法により製造された太陽電池 |
KR101394912B1 (ko) * | 2013-02-21 | 2014-05-14 | 주식회사 테스 | 박막증착장치 |
KR101564592B1 (ko) | 2013-08-16 | 2015-10-30 | 주식회사 테스 | 가스공급부 및 이를 구비한 박막증착장치 |
KR20160065085A (ko) * | 2013-09-13 | 2016-06-08 | 엔디에스유 리서치 파운데이션 | 액체 실란을 사용하는 실리콘 기반의 나노 물질의 합성 |
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RU209747U1 (ru) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-22 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Московский авиационный институт" (национальный исследовательский университет) | Устройство для модификации поверхности материалов наночастицами металлов |
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