JP4563186B2 - 耐熱性が改善されたアントシアニン色素 - Google Patents
耐熱性が改善されたアントシアニン色素 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4563186B2 JP4563186B2 JP2005001663A JP2005001663A JP4563186B2 JP 4563186 B2 JP4563186 B2 JP 4563186B2 JP 2005001663 A JP2005001663 A JP 2005001663A JP 2005001663 A JP2005001663 A JP 2005001663A JP 4563186 B2 JP4563186 B2 JP 4563186B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- dye
- anthocyanin
- pigment
- solution
- color value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 235000010208 anthocyanin Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 39
- 229930002877 anthocyanin Natural products 0.000 title claims description 39
- 239000004410 anthocyanin Substances 0.000 title claims description 39
- 150000004636 anthocyanins Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 39
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 title description 66
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OC1C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- REFJWTPEDVJJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quercetin Chemical compound C=1C(O)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2O)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 REFJWTPEDVJJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N Inositol-hexakisphosphate Chemical group OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 235000007686 potassium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium metaphosphate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]P(=O)=O OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000019983 sodium metaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019830 sodium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000404 tripotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019798 tripotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B61/00—Dyes of natural origin prepared from natural sources, e.g. vegetable sources
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/40—Colouring or decolouring of foods
- A23L5/42—Addition of dyes or pigments, e.g. in combination with optical brighteners
- A23L5/43—Addition of dyes or pigments, e.g. in combination with optical brighteners using naturally occurring organic dyes or pigments, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Description
上記したように、従来、アントシアニン色素の安定性を高める目的で種々の化合物を添加する提案がなされてきたが、いずれも化合物の取り扱いや調製に手間がかかったり、耐熱性において十分満足すべき効果が得られていないのが実情である。
1. アントシアニン色素を含む水溶液の20℃におけるpHを4.0〜6.5の範囲に調整後40〜100℃の範囲の温度で加熱することを特徴とする耐熱性が改善されたアントシアニン色素の製造方法。
2. pHの範囲が5.0〜6.0であり、加熱温度の範囲が80〜100℃であることを特徴とする上記1記載のアントシアニン色素の製造方法。
3. 上記1または2に記載の製造方法で得られるアントシアニン色素。
4. 下記方法により算出される増色率が100%以上であることを特徴とする上記3記載のアントシアニン色素。
[増色率算出手法]
測定する吸光度が0.5±0.005の範囲内になるように、試料を量り、マッキルベイン緩衝液(pH3.0)を加えて正確に100mlとし、これを試験溶液とする。この試験溶液15mlを25ml容ねじ口試験管(外径18mm×長さ160mm;日電理化硝子社製)に入れ、キャップを絞め、遮光下、80℃の温水浴中で30分間加熱した後、室温まで水冷する。マッキルベイン緩衝液(pH3.0)を対照とし、液層の長さ1cmで波長500〜600nm付近の極大吸収部における加熱前および加熱水冷後の試験溶液の吸光度を測定し、得られた測定値を下式に代入して、増色率(%)を求める。
6. 増色率が120〜140%であることを特徴とする上記4記載のアントシアニン色素。
7. 上記3、4、5および6のいずれかに記載のアントシアニン色素を用いて着色された食品。
8. 上記3、4、5および6のいずれかに記載のアントシアニン色素を用いることを特徴とする食品の着色方法。
9. 下記方法により算出される増色率が100%以上であることを特徴とするアントシアニン色素。
[増色率算出手法]
測定する吸光度が0.5±0.005の範囲内になるように、試料を量り、マッキルベイン緩衝液(pH3.0)を加えて正確に100mlとし、これを試験溶液とする。この試験溶液15mlを25ml容ねじ口試験管(外径18mm×長さ160mm;日電理化硝子社製)に入れ、キャップを絞め、遮光下、80℃の温水浴中で30分間加熱した後、室温まで水冷する。マッキルベイン緩衝液(pH3.0)を対照とし、液層の長さ1cmで波長500〜600nm付近の極大吸収部における加熱前および加熱水冷後の試験溶液の吸光度を測定し、得られた測定値を下式に代入して、増色率(%)を求める。
また、本発明の方法により得られる耐熱性が改善されたアントシアニン色素を用いて着色された食品は、従来の色素を用いて着色した食品に比べて加工時の加熱による退色が少なく、またその後の保存中の退色も相対的に緩やかで、その商品価値を高めること大である。
[増色率算出手法]
測定する吸光度が0.5±0.005の範囲内になるように、試料を量り、マッキルベイン緩衝液(pH3.0)を加えて正確に100mlとし、これを試験溶液とする。この試験溶液15mlを25ml容ねじ口試験管(外径18mm×長さ160mm;日電理化硝子社製)に入れ、キャップを絞め、遮光下、80℃の温水浴中で30分間加熱した後、室温まで水冷する。マッキルベイン緩衝液(pH3.0)を対照とし、液層の長さ1cmで波長500〜600nm付近の極大吸収部における加熱前および加熱水冷後の試験溶液の吸光度を測定し、得られた測定値を下式に代入して、増色率(%)を求める。
[赤ダイコン色素液の処理]
赤ダイコン色素原末(色価:約500)10.0gを正確に量り、20℃の精製水80mlに溶解し、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.1g/mL)でpH5.3に調整した後、同上精製水を加えて全量を100mlとし、被処理液とした。該被処理液90mlを200ml容共栓三角フラスコに入れ、90℃の温水浴中で1時間加熱した後、室温まで水冷した。得られた色素液の色価を『第7版 食品添加物公定書』に記載の[17.色価測定法]に準じ、下記方法により測定した。その結果、色価は35.0であった。
赤ダイコン色素原末(色価:約500)10.0gを正確に量り、20℃の精製水80mlに溶解した後、同上精製水を加えて全量を100mlとし、被処理液とした。このとき被処理液のpHは2.7であった。該被処理液90mlを200ml容共栓三角フラスコに入れ、90℃の温水浴中で1時間加熱した後、室温まで水冷した。得られた色素液の色価を実施例1と同様に測定した結果、色価は49.0であった。
[赤キャベツ色素液の処理]
赤キャベツ色素濃縮液(色価:約200)30.0gを正確に量り、20℃の精製水60mlに溶解し、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.1g/mL)でpH4.7に調整した後、同上精製水を加えて全量を100mlとし、被処理液とした。該被処理液90mlを200ml容共栓三角フラスコに入れ、80℃の温水浴中で1時間加熱した後、室温まで水冷した。得られた色素液の色価を赤キャベツ色素の色価測定法(「第二版化学的合成品以外の食品添加物自主規格」、日本食品添加物協会、平成5年10月1日、p.129)に準じ、下記方法により測定した。その結果、色価は39.0であった。
赤キャベツ色素濃縮液(色価:約200)30.0gを正確に量り、20℃の精製水60mlに溶解した後、同上精製水を加えて全量を100mlとし、被処理液とした。このとき被処理液のpHは2.9であった。該被処理液90mlを200ml容共栓三角フラスコに入れ、80℃の温水浴中で1時間加熱した後、室温まで水冷した。得られた色素液の色価を実施例2と同様に測定した結果、色価は59.0であった。
(実施例1、2および比較例1、2で得た各色素の増色率(%)測定)
[試料]
・赤ダイコン色素原末(実施例1で使用)
・実施例1で得た色素液
・比較例1で得た色素液
・赤キャベツ色素濃縮液(実施例2で使用)
・実施例2で得た色素液
・比較例2で得た色素液
測定する吸光度が0.5±0.005の範囲内になるように、試料を量り、マッキルベイン緩衝液(pH3.0)を加えて正確に100mlとし、これを試験溶液とする。この試験溶液15mlを25ml容ねじ口試験管(外径18mm×長さ160mm;日電理化硝子社製)に入れ、キャップを絞め、遮光下、80℃の温水浴中で30分間加熱した後、室温まで水冷する。マッキルベイン緩衝液(pH3.0)を対照とし、液層の長さ1cmで波長500〜600nm付近の極大吸収部における加熱前および加熱水冷後の試験溶液の吸光度を測定し、得られた測定値を下式に代入して、増色率(%)を求める。
結果を表1に示した。
[処理条件の検討]
赤ダイコン色素原末(色価:約500)20.0gを正確に量り、20℃の精製水80mlに溶解し、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(0.5g/mL)でpH4.0、5.0、6.0および6.5にそれぞれ調整した後、同上精製水を加えて全量を100mlとし、被処理液とした。該各被処理液50mlを200ml容共栓三角フラスコに入れ、温度、時間を変えて温水浴中で加熱した後、室温まで水冷した。得られた色素液の色価を実施例1に示した色価測定法に準じて測定し、還元澱粉糖化物(70%)(製品名:アマミール、東和化成工業社)を加えて色価を約65.0に調整した。
赤ダイコン色素原末(色価:約500)20.0gを正確に量り、20℃の精製水80mlに溶解した後、同上精製水を加えて全量を100mlとし、被処理液とした。このとき被処理液のpHは2.7であった。該被処理液50mlを200ml容共栓三角フラスコに入れ、温度、時間を変えて温水浴中で加熱した後、室温まで水冷した。得られた色素液の色価を実施例1に示した色価測定法に準じて測定し、還元澱粉糖化物(70%)を加えて色価を約65.0に調整した。
[実施例3および比較例3で得た各色素液の増色率(%)測定]
実施例3および比較例3で得た色価約65.0の各色素液の増色率(%)を、実験例1と同様にして測定した。結果を表2に示す。
[紅しょうが漬]
(a)塩蔵しょうがを5mm幅に千切りし、流水中で1時間脱塩後網籠に入れ水切りした。
(b)表3に示す配合で調味液を調製し、調味液60gに脱塩しょうが120gを加え5℃で5日間漬け込んだ。
(c)漬け込みの終わった紅しょうが漬を漬け液と共に3等分し、PE・PET多層フィルムからなる袋(150mm×150mm)に詰めてヒートシールし、次に60℃の温水浴中で45分間加熱・殺菌した後、室温まで水冷した。
(d)内1袋は保存安定性試験前に開封し、残る2袋は40℃で3日間および40℃で7日間保存後開封して吸光度を測定し、色素残存率(%)を求めた。結果を表4に示す。
水を対照とし、液層の長さ1cmで波長513nm付近の極大吸収部における紅しょうが漬の漬け液(加熱前)の吸光度Aを測定する。次に、保存安定性試験前の漬け液および保存安定性試験後の漬け液の吸光度A’を同様に測定し、次式により色素残存率(%)を求める。
[シロップ]
(a)表5に示す配合で原液を調製し、90℃で30分間加熱殺菌しシロップを得た。
(b)加熱前と加熱後のシロップの吸光度を測定し、色素残存率(%)を求めた。結果を表6に示す。
[色素残存率測定法]
水を対照とし、液層の長さ1cmで波長536nm付近の極大吸収部におけるシロップ(加熱前)の吸光度Aを測定する。次に、加熱殺菌後のシロップの吸光度A’を同様に測定し、次式により色素残存率(%)を求める。
Claims (2)
- pH1〜4の抽出液を用いてアントシアニン色素を抽出処理する工程、前記抽出処理工程で得られる被処理液にアルカリを加えてアントシアニン色素を含む水溶液の20℃におけるpHを4.0〜6.5の範囲に調整後、前記水溶液を80〜100℃の範囲の温度で加熱する工程を含むことを特徴とする耐熱性が改善されたアントシアニン色素(ニゲロオリゴ糖、マルトオリゴ糖、パノース、ルチン、ケルセチン、フィチン、フィチン酸のうち少なくとも1種を含有するものを除く)の製造方法。
- pHの範囲が5.0〜6.0であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のアントシアニン色素の製造方法。
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EP05001194A EP1563742A1 (en) | 2004-02-16 | 2005-01-21 | Anthocyanin pigments with improved heat-resistance |
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JP4789453B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-01 | 2011-10-12 | 株式会社明治 | アントシアニン吸収促進剤 |
US7413757B2 (en) * | 2005-09-15 | 2008-08-19 | The Quaker Oats Company | Method of making a colored, flour-based food product and product thereof |
US8158183B2 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2012-04-17 | Pepsico, Inc. | Unsaturated acids for fading protection of colors derived from natural sources used in beverage products |
CA3085051C (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2023-01-10 | E. & J. Gallo Winery | System for producing a natural crystalline colorant |
CN104067126B (zh) | 2011-11-15 | 2017-04-12 | 迈阿密大学 | 用于检测人乳头瘤病毒并提供头颈部鳞状细胞癌预后的方法 |
RU2515478C1 (ru) * | 2012-10-22 | 2014-05-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Воронежский государственный университет инженерных технологий" (ФГБОУ ВПО "ВГУИТ") | Способ получения антоцианового красителя из выжимок темных сортов ягод |
EP2934561B1 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2022-08-10 | Arabian German Medical Products Co. W.L.L. | Composition comprising raphanus, theobroma and passiflora for treating opioid and alcohol abuse |
BR112016001291B1 (pt) | 2013-08-02 | 2021-07-13 | Mars, Incorporated | Método de revestir com camada endurecida um núcleo comestível com corantes que contêm antocianina laranja e vermelho |
RU2652141C2 (ru) | 2013-08-02 | 2018-04-25 | Марс, Инкорпорейтед | Коричневый краситель, содержащий антоцианин |
CN105821677B (zh) * | 2016-04-14 | 2018-01-12 | 广东溢达纺织有限公司 | 一种织物抗色纤沾污的方法、抗色纤沾污织物及测试方法 |
US11221179B2 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2022-01-11 | E. & J. Gallo Winery | Low profile design air tunnel system and method for providing uniform air flow in a refractance window dryer |
CN112568415A (zh) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-03-30 | 杨续军 | 一种便于老人食用的盐及其制作方法 |
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