JP4476063B2 - Quality control method for machine element products - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a quality control method for machine element products that uses IC tags and enables traceability of machine element products that have rolling elements, such as rolling bearings, shaft joints, and ball screws, and that are composed of a plurality of element products.

In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for traceability, that is, the ability to track the history, application or location of what is being considered. In the quality control of machine element products, the quality of each manufacturing process (material purchase, forging process, heat treatment process, grinding process, etc.) from the material purchase to the completion of manufacturing, the manufacturing history of lots, etc., have a one-to-one relationship with each machine element product. It is desirable to make it known in lot units. For example, special products such as aircraft bearings are individually inspected, and it is required to be able to understand the manufacturing history in a one-to-one correspondence. In the case of general products such as automobiles and bearings for industrial machines, lot management is performed and sampling inspection is performed in units of lots, so a manufacturing history is required in units of lots. Knowing the manufacturing history makes it easy to deal with defective products, such as replacement, identification of defective product mixing ranges, future improvements, etc., and facilitates life diagnosis and pre-replacement leading to machine failure. In addition, it is easy to determine whether similar products are mixed.
As a quality control method for clarifying such a manufacturing history, conventionally, the information generated for each process is dealt with by filling in a slip or inputting it to a database terminal.

On the other hand, IC tags are being used in logistics management and inventory management, and management from manufacturing to disposal using IC tags has also been proposed in the manufacture of articles such as automobiles (for example, Patent Document 1). The IC tag can record and read information in a non-contact manner, and has a large storage capacity, so that high-level management is expected.
JP 2002-169858 A

  In the proposed quality control method using a conventional IC tag, various information related to the machine element product is directly recorded on the IC tag attached to the machine element product, or identification information is recorded on the IC tag. By comparing with the database, the material of the machine element product, lot management information, various history data, etc. can be understood. However, there are cases where the cause of the trouble that has occurred in the machine element product cannot be clarified only by the above-described information on the machine element product. For example, there may be a difference in quality due to a difference in processing conditions in each process, and the difference due to such a difference in processing conditions may not be recognized from the inspection result. Machine element products such as rolling bearings, shaft couplings, and ball screws are composed of multiple element products. Even if the inspection results of the machine element products themselves after assembly are known, it depends on the quality of the individual element products. It is not possible to identify the fault. In particular, in machine element products having rolling elements such as rolling bearings described above, a slight difference in material and accuracy results in a large difference in performance as machine element products. Therefore, in the proposed example of a quality control method using a conventional IC tag, It is difficult to respond.

  Also, in the process management, in the conventional management method for entering slips and terminal input for each process, it takes time to fill in and input, and it is difficult to record a large amount of information in detail. In particular, machine element products, such as rolling bearings, that are assembled from a plurality of element products, and each element product is produced in lots for each process from the material purchase through the forging process, heat treatment process, and grinding process. Then, management in the manufacturing process of each component is complicated, and it takes time to record and input information by handwriting. Therefore, it is difficult to sufficiently respond to the request for detailed history information of the machine element product, and the management is expensive.

  Therefore, although application of an IC tag was considered, management like articles, such as a car, cannot be applied with the above machine element goods. In the proposed example of Patent Document 1 described above, an IC tag is attached to an automobile that is an article to be managed, and information on each process is recorded. The IC tag is attached to the frame. However, in machine element products such as rolling bearings, there is no completed standard element such as a frame in an automobile, and each element is manufactured through forging or heat treatment in the manufacturing process. IC tag cannot be attached to. In addition, in machine element products such as rolling bearings, the inner ring, outer ring, rolling element, etc. are managed through material purchase, forging process, heat treatment process, grinding process, etc., so when IC tag is applied to quality control In particular, there is a problem of how to use it, and it is difficult to efficiently apply an IC tag.

The object of the present invention is a machine element product that is individually inspected, and a detailed history of each process of each element product for a machine element product that is assembled through a plurality of processes. It is to provide a quality control method for machine element products that can easily manage information in a one-to-one relationship with machine element products.
Another object of the present invention is, in particular, for a machine element product comprising a plurality of element products manufactured through a forging process, a heat treatment process, etc., from the purchase of the material of each element product to the inspection after the completion of the machine element product. It is to provide a quality control method for machine element products that can easily manage detailed history information in a one-to-one relationship with machine element products.

Quality control method of machine element product of the present invention is assembled include a plurality of types of elements article manufactured through a plurality of steps, a quality control method of the machine element product to be tested individually, the plurality of steps lots, merging is divided at the downstream step without for upper Symbol elements products in each process in the plurality of steps, the IC tag or one upstream one upstream process of the IC tag of step The process of preparing IC tags carrying the recorded information for each lot of the current process, and recording the lot number and the information obtained in the current process on these IC tags,
In the inspection process after the final process in the plurality of processes, the IC tag for each lot in the final process or the IC tag that has inherited the record information of the IC tag for each lot in the final process is set for each element or unit of inspection. Each set of the above-mentioned element products, including the process of recording the lot number of the corresponding final process and the information obtained in the inspection process on each IC tag. An IC tag is attached to a machine element product before and after assembly. The IC tag attached to the machine element product has a serial number unique to each machine element product, and each of the machine element products used for the machine element product. Of the recorded information of the IC tag after the inspection process of the element product, at least the production number is recorded, and the inspection of each element product used for the machine element product corresponding to the production number in the database The process of recording the record information of the IC tag after the process and the inspection information after the completion of the machine element product,
Including.

  In the present invention, at the time of purchasing the material of each of the component products, the method includes the step of recording the material lot number for the corresponding material lot and information on the purchased material on the IC tag prepared for each material lot, In the first process, the IC tag for each material lot or the IC tag that inherits the record information of the IC tag for each material lot is prepared for each lot of the first process. The lot number and the information obtained in the first step may be recorded.

More specifically, the quality control method for machine element products according to the present invention relates to a machine element product to be assembled including a plurality of types of element products manufactured through material forging / turning process, heat treatment process, and grinding process. a quality control method, the plurality of steps of lots merge but split in the downstream process will not, for the upper Symbol elements article includes each of the following processes (1) to (4), each element The process described below is applied to the machine element product that assembles the product.
(1). A process of recording information on a material lot number and a purchased material for a corresponding material lot on an IC tag prepared for each material lot at the time of purchasing the material of each element.
(2). In the forging / turning process, the IC tag for each material lot or the IC tag that inherits the record information of the IC tag for each material lot is prepared for each forging / turning lot, and forging / turning corresponding to these IC tags is prepared. The process of recording the forging / turning lot number and information obtained in the forging / turning process.
(3). In the above heat treatment process, an IC tag for each forging / turning lot or an IC tag that has taken over the record information of the IC tag for each forging / turning lot is prepared for each heat treatment lot. The process of recording the heat treatment lot number and information obtained in the heat treatment process.
(Four) . In the inspection process after the grinding process, an IC tag for each heat treatment lot or an IC tag that inherits the record information of the IC tag for each heat treatment lot is used for each element or a group of the same kind of element that is the unit of inspection. A process of preparing each and recording information obtained in the corresponding grinding lot number and inspection process on these IC tags.

  An IC tag is attached to each machine element product obtained by assembling the above-mentioned element products before and after assembly, and a serial number unique to each machine element product is attached to the IC tag attached to the machine element product, and At least the production number is recorded among the record information of the IC tag after the inspection process of each element used for the machine element product. Corresponding to the manufacturing number, the database records the IC tag record information after the inspection process of each element used for the machine element product and the inspection information after completion of the machine element product.

  In addition, each process such as the material purchase, forging / turning process, heat treatment process, and grinding process is roughly divided into a plurality of processes from material purchase to completion of the element product. Or a process that does not correspond to a process name. The “forging / turning process” is a process including at least one of forging and turning. For example, when turning after forging and performing heat treatment, the turning step is included in the forging / turning step. In the process of recording information obtained in each of the forging / turning process, heat treatment process, and grinding process of (2) to (4) above, the processing conditions of these forging / turning process, heat treatment process, and grinding process are recorded. Information may be recorded. In the process of recording information obtained in each of the forging / turning process, heat treatment process, and grinding process of (2) to (4) above, the processing conditions of these forging / turning process, heat treatment process, and grinding process are recorded. Information may be recorded. Also, here we have explained the case where there is no lot separation between the forging process and the turning process. Preparation for each lot of IC tags is performed with the process and the turning process as separate processes.

According to this quality control method, history information from the purchase of each element product to the inspection contents after completion of the machine element product is stored in the database, and the manufacturing number is recorded on the IC tag attached to the machine element product. Therefore, the history information can be managed in a one-to-one relationship with the machine element product by checking the production number against the database. Since information generated for each process of each component is recorded together with the lot number on an IC tag prepared for each lot of each process, detailed history information can be managed.
Accordingly, when a defective product occurs, it is easy to deal with replacement, specification of the defective product mixture range, future improvement, etc., and life replacement and advance replacement that leads to a machine failure are also facilitated. Since the information for each process is recorded on an IC tag prepared for each lot of the process, detailed information can be recorded as compared with a case where the information is recorded on a handwritten slip. Since the location where information is to be input is an IC tag, it can be visually recognized, the input operation becomes clear, and errors are unlikely to occur. Also, unlike the case of recording all sorts of miscellaneous information from the purchase of the material of the component goods to each process of the grinding process in the computer, since these recorded information is held in the IC tag, the burden on the computer is light and management is easy. It becomes easy. For this reason, more detailed information can be managed easily. Further, since the production number of the machine element product is recorded on an IC tag attached to the machine element product, this IC tag is used for various purposes after manufacture, for example, shipping management, distribution management, customer management, maintenance management, etc. be able to.

In the present invention, the IC tag prepared for each lot may be attached to a container containing a plurality of element products of the same lot. For example, the IC tag prepared for each material lot, the IC tag prepared for each forging / turning lot, and the IC tag prepared for each heat treatment process are containers containing a plurality of materials of the same material lot, the same forging / turning. It may be attached to containers containing a plurality of lots of components and containers containing components of the same heat treatment lot. The IC tag may be attached directly to the container, or may be attached to a tag that is attached to the container and visually recognized. The attachment of the IC tag to the containers may be a detachable attachment.
By attaching the IC tag to the containers, the IC tag prepared for each lot can always be moved together with the components, and the handling of the IC tag is easy. In addition, information can be recorded on the IC tag along the conveying path of the element product.

  In the present invention, the machine element product includes an element product different from the element product manufactured through the forging process, the heat treatment process, and the grinding process from the material purchase. Alternatively, after assembling the machine element product, it may be recorded in the database in correspondence with the production number or the lot number. As a result, information about the separate element product can also be obtained after the machine element product is completed.

In the above-mentioned machine element product, for example, rolling bearings, constant velocity joints and other shaft joints can be assembled including a plurality of types of element products manufactured through material purchase, forging / turning process, heat treatment process, and grinding process. And ball screws.
In the case of a rolling bearing, the components manufactured through the forging process, the heat treatment process, and the grinding process from the material purchase are an inner ring, an outer ring, and a rolling element. There are a cage, a seal, etc. as another component product which does not pass through these processes.

The machine element product may be filled with grease at the time of assembly. In this case, it is preferable to record the assembly date of the machine element product on an IC tag attached to the machine element product. Examples of machine element products to be filled with grease include rolling bearings, constant velocity joints and other shaft joints, and ball screws.
Since grease deteriorates with time, management becomes easier if the assembly date is known.

  In the present invention, information such as the location from the shipment of the machine element product to the delivery to the customer may be recorded on the IC tag attached to the machine element product. This facilitates shipping management, distribution management, customer management, maintenance management, and the like.

Quality control method of the machine element product in the present invention is assembled include a plurality of types of elements article manufactured through a plurality of steps, number A machine element quality management method of products separately be inspected, the plurality of steps each has lots merge but split in the downstream processes without, were assembled in a process of multiple, prepare the IC tag by the lot, to record information obtained by the lot number and the process, each element products An IC tag is attached to the machine element product, and at least an individual machine element product-specific production number is recorded on the IC tag, and each management element used in the machine element product is associated with the production number in the management computer system. Contents of inspection after completion of machine element product from purchase of material of each element product in order to record record information of IC tag after the above inspection process of element product and inspection information after completion of machine element product In the detailed history information, it can be easily managed in relation to the machine element product a one-to-one.

A proposed quality control method for machine element commodities, which is the basis of the present invention, will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 shows each stage of the flow from manufacture to disposal of the machine element product 1 and a quality control process using the IC tag 9 at each stage. The quality control method of this machine element product is a predetermined process from attaching the IC tag 9 to the machine element product 1 and purchasing the material related to the machine element product 1 to forging / turning process, heat treatment process, grinding process and inspection. The manufacturing information is recorded, and the traceability related to the quality control of the machine element product 1 is enabled from the recorded information read from the IC tag 9. The forging / turning step is a step including at least one of forging and turning, but in the following description, it is simply referred to as a “forging step” unless it is particularly necessary to distinguish. The IC tag 9 can record and read information without contact. The machine element product 1 to be managed is configured by assembling a plurality of types of element products 2, and one of the element products 2 serves as a rolling element. Examples of such machine element products 1 include rolling bearings, constant velocity joints and other shaft joints, and ball screws.
This quality control method for machine element products includes the following IC tag attaching process R1, manufacturing information recording process R2, and recorded information reading and using process R3.

(IC tag attachment process R1)
In this process, the IC tag 9 is attached to the machine element product 1 when the machine element product 1 is manufactured or manufactured. In this case, the machine element product 1 may be assembled after the IC tag 9 is attached to one of the element products 2, or after the assembly of the machine element product 1 is completed, the IC tag 9 is attached to the machine element product 1. It may be attached.

(Manufacturing information recording process R2)
In this process, from the purchase of materials for the machine element product 1 to the IC tag 9 attached to the machine element product 1 at the time of shipment or customer delivery, forging process, heat treatment process, grinding process, and inspection Predetermined manufacturing information is recorded. The manufacturing information to be recorded includes processing condition information in at least one of a forging process, a heat treatment process, and a grinding process. The material purchase, forging process, heat treatment process, and grinding process for the machine element product 1 are the material purchase, forging process, heat treatment process, and grinding process for each element product 2 of the machine element product 1. The processing condition information includes, for example, a press pressure and a cycle time in the forging process, a heat treatment temperature, a heat treatment time, a heat treatment method, and the like in the heat treatment process, and a grinding wheel rotation speed, a cutting speed, a feed speed, and the like in the grinding process. As the above manufacturing information, in addition to the processing conditions, at least one piece of information on the manufacturing element date, manufacturing place, encapsulated grease brand, gap between element parts, quality assurance period, and handling precautions for the machine element product is included. It is preferable to record. It is also preferable to record various inspection results. The various inspection results include an inspection result for each element product 2 and an inspection result as a finished product. Moreover, it is preferable to record the identification information of the machine element product 1 in addition to the manufacturing information. The identification information of the machine element product 1 may be individual identification information for each machine element product 1, for example, a manufacturing number, or may be identification information for each lot of the machine element product 1, for example, a lot number. Manufacturing information may be recorded at once or divided into several times. For example, when the assembly of the machine element product 1 is completed and a finished product is inspected, information on inspection results and inspection conditions may be recorded, and the remaining manufacturing information may be recorded later. All manufacturing information including it may be recorded at once.

(Information reading utilization process R3)
This process is a process of reading the record information of the IC tag 9 at an arbitrary time after shipment and confirming at least the processing condition information from the read information.
As shown in Fig. 1, the general flow from completion of machine element product 1 to disposal is as follows: assembly of machine element product 1, inspection of finished product, shipment, storage at warehouse, storage at sales office, customer The flow of advance delivery (purchase by the customer, incorporation of the machine element product 1 into the machine equipment), use by the customer, and disposal. In the case of custom-made products, they may be delivered directly to customers after shipment.
The information recorded in the IC tag 9 is read and used as needed at any stage after shipment, and necessary information is confirmed from the read information. For example, when a failure occurs in the machine element product 1 at the stage of use at the customer, various information such as the material and performance of the machine element product 1 from the IC tag 9 attached to the machine element product 1 Is read and the cause is clarified. At this time, if the recorded information includes not only the material and inspection result of each component 2 but also the processing condition information, the cause can be easily and accurately clarified.

  As an additional use in the information reading and utilization process R3, the free memory portion of the IC tag 9 attached to the machine element product 1 is appropriately used for shipping management, inventory management, distribution management, maintenance management, and the like.

  According to the quality control method for this machine element product, any processing condition information such as a forging process, a heat treatment process, a grinding process, etc. can be confirmed in the information reading and utilization process R3 at any time after shipment. Even in a machine element product 1 that has rolling elements 2A and includes a plurality of element products 2 such as a rolling bearing and requires strict quality and accuracy, it is possible to easily elucidate the cause when a failure occurs. it can. In addition, in this method, since information can be managed only with the IC tag 9 without using another database, there is no need for communication facilities or access authority to the database in the facility for checking the processing condition information. Regardless, machining condition information can be read.

The proposed form is a method of recording as much manufacturing information as possible on the IC tag 9 and performing quality control based on the recorded information, but it may be used in combination with the database 10.
That is, as the database 10, predetermined manufacturing information from the material purchase related to the machine element product 1 to the forging process, the heat treatment process, the grinding process and the inspection is stored in association with the identification information of the machine element product 1, and the stored contents are stored in the database 10 described above. Prepare something that can be extracted by identification information. Quality control is performed using the database 10 and the IC tag 9 attached to the machine element product 1. In this case, the following processes are performed in each of the processes R1 to R3.

(IC tag attachment process R1)
This process R1 is the same as the above-mentioned proposal form.
(Manufacturing information recording process R2)
In this process, identification information such as a production number or a lot number of the machine element product 1 is given to the IC tag 9 attached to the machine element product 1 according to the database 10 before shipment or delivery to the customer. Record and record manufacturing information about the machine element product 1. The manufacturing information to be recorded includes processing condition information in at least one of the forging process, the heat treatment process, and the grinding process of each component 2. Since the database 10 is used in combination, the manufacturing information recorded on the IC tag 9 may be limited to information that is convenient to read directly from the IC tag 9. For example, it is preferable to record on the IC tag 9 the date of manufacture, the place of manufacture, the brand of encapsulated grease, the gap between the component parts, the quality assurance period, the handling precautions, etc. for the machine element product 1.
(Information reading utilization process R3)
In this process, at any time after the shipment, the record information of the IC tag 9 is read and the purchase information is obtained from the read information or the information obtained by collating the read identification information with the database 10 Any of confirmation of material, confirmation of manufacturing process, confirmation of processing condition information, inspection result, etc. is performed. Various other uses recorded in the IC tag 9 or the database 10 may be performed.

Also in this management method, any processing condition information such as a forging process, a heat treatment process, a grinding process, etc. can be confirmed in an information reading and utilization process R1 at any time after shipment. Therefore, even in a machine element product 1 that has rolling elements and includes a plurality of element products 2 that require strict quality and accuracy, such as a rolling bearing, it is possible to easily clarify the cause when a failure occurs. it can. Further, in order to record identification information on the IC tag 9 attached to the machine element product 1 and to record various information corresponding to the identification information in the database 10, it depends on the limited storage capacity of the IC tag 9. Without a large amount of information, a large amount of information can be extracted from the database 10. Further, the remaining storage capacity of the IC tag 9 can be used for various history management after shipment or after customer delivery.
Details of the management method and the database 10 will be described later with reference to FIGS.

In each of the above proposal forms, collection of various manufacturing information to be recorded in the manufacturing information recording process R2 is recorded in the database 14 for manufacturing management and recorded in the IC tag 9 of the machine element product 1. Alternatively, the IC tag 4 for manufacturing process different from the IC tag 9 attached to the machine element product 1 may be used.
In the method of recording in the database 14 for production time management, predetermined production information from the material purchase of the element product 2 of the machine element product 1 to the forging process, heat treatment process, grinding process, and inspection is managed at the time of production. And a process of recording in the database 14 in association with the lot number of the element product 2 or the identification number of each element product, and a process of recording the recorded information on an IC tag attached to the machine element product. The manufacturing management database 14 is provided, for example, in one or a plurality of computers (not shown) in a computer network.

  A method of using the IC tag 4 for the manufacturing process will be described in detail later with reference to FIG. 2 and subsequent drawings. The outline is as follows. In this method, predetermined manufacturing information from the material purchase of the element product 2 of the machine element product 1 to the forging process, the heat treatment process, and the grinding process is used for the manufacturing process IC tag 4 prepared for each lot number of the element product 2. And a process of reading the recorded information and recording a part or all of the read information on the IC tag 9 attached to the machine element product 1. Manufacturing information recorded in the IC tag 4 for the manufacturing process includes processing condition information in at least one of a forging process, a heat treatment process, and a grinding process.

  Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. There are two methods for using the IC tag 4 for the manufacturing process: a machine element product 1 that is individually inspected such as a custom-made product, and a machine element product that is inspected by lot such as a general product. is there. This embodiment is directed to the case of machine element products 1 that are individually inspected. FIG. 2 shows the case of an individual inspection product (custom product) in this embodiment, and FIG. 3 shows the case of a lot-by-lot inspection product (general product) as a reference proposal example.

The machine element product 1 to be managed by this quality control method is an assembly of a plurality of types of element products 2 ((1) to (3)), and the plurality of types of element products 2 ((1) to (3) (3)) is manufactured from the material purchase S1 through the forging step S2, the heat treatment step S3, and the grinding step S4. Examples of the machine element product 1 corresponding to this include a rolling bearing, a constant velocity joint, other shaft joints, a ball screw, and the like. The element product 2 ((1) to (3)) includes an inner ring 51, an outer ring 52, and a rolling element 53 when the machine element product 1 is a rolling bearing as shown in FIG. The machine element product 1 may include an element product 3 different from the element product 2 manufactured from the material purchase S1 through the forging step S2, the heat treatment step S3, and the grinding step S4. When the machine element product 1 is a rolling bearing, the cage 54 (FIG. 11) and the seal 55 are the above-described separate element 3.
From the material purchase S1 to the forging step S2, the heat treatment step S3, and the grinding step S4, the steps from the material purchase to the completion of the component product are roughly divided into sections, and each of the steps includes a plurality of steps. Or a process that does not correspond to a process name. The name of each process S1-S4 is the name of the process which represents the divided process.

This management method includes the following steps (1) to (4) for each of the above-described component products 2 ((1) to (3)). Take the process. In addition, lots in each process may be separated on the downstream side of the manufacturing process, but are not merged.
(1). Management process at the time of material purchase (S1).
At the time of purchasing the material of each component 2, the material lot number for the corresponding material lot 5 and information on the purchased material are recorded on the IC tag 4 prepared for each material lot 5.
(2). Management process of forging process (S2).
An IC tag 4 for each material lot 5 or an IC tag 4 that has inherited the record information of the IC tag 4 for each material lot 5 is prepared for each forging lot 6, and the forging for the forging lot 6 corresponding to these IC tags 4 is prepared. Record the lot number and information obtained in the forging process.
(3). Management process of heat treatment process (S3).
The IC tag 4 for each forging lot 6 or the IC tag 4 that has succeeded the record information of the IC tag 4 for each forging lot 6 is prepared for each heat treatment lot 7, and the corresponding heat treatment lot 7 is assigned to these IC tags 4. Record the heat treatment lot number and information obtained in the heat treatment process.
(Four) . Management process during grinding process (S4) and subsequent inspection process.
The IC tag 4 for each heat treatment lot 7 or the IC tag 4 that inherits the record information of the IC tag 4 for this heat treatment lot 7 is prepared for each grinding lot 8, and the grinding lot 8 corresponding to these IC tags 4 is prepared. Record the machining conditions. In addition, the IC tag 4 for each grinding lot 8 or the IC tag 4 that has succeeded the record information of the IC tag 4 for each grinding lot 8 is used for each element 2 or a group of element products 2 of the same type as a unit of inspection. Prepared every time, and record the corresponding grinding lot number and information obtained in the inspection process on these IC tags 4.

  An IC tag 9 for use after completion is attached to each machine element product 1 in which each of the element products 2 ((1) to (3)) is assembled before and after assembly. After the above-mentioned inspection process of the manufacturing number peculiar to the individual machine element product 1 and each of the element products 2 ((1) to (3)) used for the machine element product 1 Of the recorded information of the IC tag 4, at least the production number is recorded. Corresponding to the manufacturing number, the database 10 records the IC tag 4 recorded after the inspection process of each element 2 ((1) to (3)) used for the machine element product 1 and the machine element. Record the inspection information after the product 1 is completed.

The IC tag 4 used in each of the above steps (S1) to (S4) may be the same throughout each step. Depending on the step, another IC tag 4 may be used to transfer the record information of the IC tag of the previous step. You may do it. When lots are separated in the downstream process, a new IC tag 4 may be prepared and the record information of the previous process may be transferred, or IC tags 4 are prepared in advance for the number of lots from which the lot is divided. In addition, information may be additionally recorded on the same IC tag 4 through each process.
In each step (S1) to (S4), each lot number and information on each step recorded in the IC tag 4 are added for each step as shown in FIG.

  In each step, the IC tag 4 is attached to a container 11 for transportation in which, for example, the element product 2 is put. The containers 11 are a cage, a box, a pallet, etc., for example. In this case, the IC tag 4 may be attached directly to the containers 11 or may be attached to a visual identification tag 12 attached to the containers 11 as shown in FIG. The attachment of the IC tag 4 to the containers 11 may be a detachable attachment. By attaching the IC tag 4 to the containers 11, the IC tag 4 prepared for each lot can always be moved together with the component 2, and handling of the IC tag 4 is easy. In addition, information can be recorded on the IC tag on the conveyance path 13 by the conveyor of the component 2 or the like.

Details of each management process will be described.
(1). Management process at the time of material purchase (S1).
The material is purchased in the form of a lump of steel, a steel plate, a steel pipe, a steel wire or the like. The purchased material is subjected to various quality inspections, for example, in units of material lots. Information on the purchased material recorded in the IC tag 4 in this management process is divided into material origin information and quality information. The source information includes the company name of the distributor and the factory location of the company. The quality information is information on tissue hardness, non-metallic inclusions, and the like. As the quality information, the result of the material inspection performed after the material purchase is recorded in the IC tag. However, the information obtained from the seller or both may be recorded. In this process, a method for recording information on the IC tag 4 performs information obtained from, for example, a purchase management computer (not shown) via a recording terminal.

(2). Management process of forging process (S2).
The forging step (S2) has various forms depending on the type of the machine element product 1 and the type of the element product 2. FIG. 7 shows a process of each element product 2 when the machine element product 1 is a rolling bearing. In the element product 2 to be the inner ring and the outer ring, the forging step (S2) includes forging to be formed into a rough shape of the inner ring and the outer ring and a step of turning the forged product. In the element product 2 that is a rolling element such as a steel ball, the stamping, brushing, and raw polishing steps are included as the forging step (S2).
Recording of information on the IC tag 4 in the forging process (S2) may be performed once in the entire forging process (S2), or may be performed for each process in the forging process (S2). . For example, when the element product 2 is an inner ring or an outer ring of a rolling bearing and forging and turning are performed as shown in FIG. 7, information such as a width dimension, an inner diameter dimension, a groove dimension, a chamfer dimension, and the like measured after the turning is IC. Record in tag 4. When the component 2 is a rolling element and is processed in each step of FIG. 7, information such as dimensions, distortion, and appearance is recorded after stamping, and measurement is performed after brushing and after raw polishing. Record information such as dimensions, sphericity, and appearance. Also, machining condition information is recorded.
In this process, information is recorded on the IC tag 4 by using a database 14 for manufacturing management such as process management or inspection management used for each process such as the forging process (S2). 15 to do so. Information that requires manual input by the operator is recorded from the terminal 15 via the manufacturing management database 14 or directly by the input means 16 such as a keyboard as shown in FIG.
If the forging lot 6 is larger than the material lot 5 in the previous process, a new IC tag 4 is prepared, and the IC tag duplicating means 17 is used to transfer the record information of the IC tag 4 of the material lot 5 to this. And the information of a forging process is recorded with respect to IC tag 4 which inherited information by this transcription. Also in each of the following processes, when the number of lots increases, it is transferred to a new IC tag 4 in the same manner as described above.

(3). Management process of heat treatment process (S3).
When heat treatment is performed, inspection is performed later. When the element product 2 is an inner ring or an outer ring of a rolling bearing, inspection of hardness, deformation, structure, etc. is performed. When the element product 2 is a rolling element of a rolling bearing, inspection of hardness, structure, etc. is performed. These inspection results are recorded as information on the heat treatment process. In addition, heat treatment conditions and the like may be recorded.

(Four) . Management process during grinding process (S4) and subsequent inspection process.
The grinding step (S4) has various forms depending on the type of the machine element product 1 and the type of the element product 2. When the element product 2 is an inner ring or an outer ring of a rolling bearing, as the grinding step (S4), width grinding, outer diameter grinding, groove grinding, inner diameter grinding, groove superfinishing, etc. are performed as shown in FIG. When the element product 2 is a rolling element of a rolling bearing, rough polishing, medium polishing, fine polishing, lapping and the like are performed. In each of these processes, a completed product of the process is inspected. The information recorded on the IC tag 4 is information on the processing conditions for each of the above steps in the grinding step (S4). Information on the processing conditions includes, for example, the type of grinding wheel and the processing speed. After the grinding process is completed, an inspection is performed and the result is recorded on the IC tag 4. The inspection result information includes various dimensions, such as dimensions, widths, appearance, etc. for width grinding of the inner and outer rings, and outer diameter dimensions, roundness, cylindricity, appearance, etc. for outer diameter grinding of the outer ring. . In the groove grinding of the inner and outer rings, the dimensions, roundness, radial runout, axial runout, groove center difference, etc. of the location to be ground. In the inner ring inner diameter grinding, inner diameter dimensions, roundness, etc. In super-finishing of the inner and outer rings, the dimensions, appearance, etc. When the element product 2 is a rolling element, the element product in a completed state that is a completed product of the grinding step (S4), such as the size and roundness of the inspection results after the rough grinding and other steps in the grinding step (S4) These are the appearance, size, sphericity, mutual difference in diameter, hardness, sound, microscopic inspection results, and the like that are the inspection results of No. 2.

  In the grinding process (S4), in the case of a custom-made product or the like, 100% inspection is performed, and in the case of 100% inspection, the IC tag 4 is prepared by the number of element products 2, and the grinding lot number of the element product 2 corresponding to the IC tag 4 is prepared. And record information such as individual test results. In addition to the grinding lot number, a number for identifying each component 2 may be added and recorded. When a large number of element products 2 are used for one machine element product 1 such as rolling elements in a rolling bearing, a set of element products 2 used for one machine element product 1 or the same part of one machine element product A set of element products 2 used in (for example, each row in a double row bearing) may be regarded as one element product 2, and one IC tag 4 may be prepared and information for each set may be recorded.

Assembly of machine element product 1 and subsequent management process.
Each element product 2 manufactured as described above is assembled into one machine element product 1 in an assembly process. The IC tag 9 is attached to the machine element product 1 from before assembly to after assembly. That is, the IC tag 9 may be attached with the component 2 alone or after assembly is completed. This attachment may be performed inside the machine element product 1 or on the surface. The IC tag 9 attached to the machine element product 1 needs to be small enough not to obstruct the function and handling of the machine element product 1. Some IC tags have a size of less than 1 mm, and for example, those having such dimensions are used. FIG. 11 shows an attachment example of the IC tag 9 when the machine element product 1 is a rolling bearing. The IC tag 9 is embedded in a mounting hole 56 provided in the width surface of the outer ring 52 and molded with a resin 57. The attachment of the IC tag 9 is performed in a state where the outer ring 52 is alone after completion of the grinding step (S4) of the outer ring 52, for example. The IC tag 9 may be attached to the inner ring 51, the retainer 54, the seal 55, or the like instead of being attached to the outer ring 52.

  When the assembly is completed, each machine element product 1 performs various inspections as a finished product inspection. This inspection is performed after the IC tag 9 is mounted, for example, but may be performed before the mounting depending on the mounting form. As a finished product inspection, if the machine element product 1 is a rolling bearing, the outer ring, inner diameter, outer diameter, width dimension, roundness, cylindricity, radial runout, axial runout, side runout, clearance, sound, etc. are inspected. I do. In the case of individual inspection products such as custom-made products, the finished product inspection is performed for all machine element products 1.

In the process of assembling the machine element product 1, the record information of the IC tag 4 of each element product 2 constituting the machine element product 1 is recorded in correspondence with the production number by the database 10 as shown in FIG. Also, the inspection result of the finished product inspection is recorded corresponding to the production number. The production number is a number unique to each machine element product, and is, for example, a serial number. When the machine element product 1 includes another element product (for example, a cage) 3 that does not pass through the above-described process, information on the other element product 3 is also recorded in the database 10.
The IC tag 9 attached to the machine element product 1 as described above records at least the manufacturing number. In addition to the manufacturing number, the IC tag 9 may record the record information of the IC tag 4 of each element product 2, the result of the finished product inspection, and the like. When recording the result of the finished product inspection on the IC tag 9 attached to the machine element product 1, the inspection result is recorded on the IC tag 9 in the inspection process, and information is transferred from the IC tag 9 to the database 10. good. Further, not only the machine element product 1 but also the packaging 1A (FIG. 1) of the machine element product 1 may be attached with the IC tag 9 to record the production number and the like.

The database 10 is provided in a management computer system 19 provided on the computer network 18 as shown in FIG. In the storage unit 10a of the database 10, the above-described recording information F for each machine element product 1 is recorded. The computer network 18 is, for example, a wide area network such as the Internet, or a local area network in a factory coupled to the wide area network. The database 10 includes a storage unit 10a and a database management unit 10b that manages input / output and search for the storage unit 10a. The database 10 only needs to be conceptually recognizable as a single quality control database. Physically, the database 10 may be a group of databases that are divided into a plurality of pieces of information, and other various databases and information for various purposes. It may be shared. For example, even if the database 10 is composed of a plurality of computers distributed on the computer network 18, the database 14 for manufacturing management, the database for technical information management, and the record information are stored. It may be shared.
The database 10 is connected to the information processing equipment 40 in the technical department, the warehouse, the sales office, the business office of the customer company, and the portable terminal in addition to each information processing equipment in the machine element product manufacturing factory via the network 18. It is connected.

According to this quality control method, history information from the purchase of the material of each element product 2 to the inspection content after completion of the machine element product 1 is stored in the management computer system 10 and the IC tag 9 attached to the machine element product 1 Since the production number is recorded, the history information can be managed in a one-to-one relationship with the machine element product by collating the production number with the management computer system 10. For example, at any stage after shipment, the user of the machine element product 1 or a person who performs maintenance service can know the history information of the machine element product 1. Information generated for each manufacturing process of each element product 2 of the machine element product 11 is recorded together with the lot number on the IC tag 4 prepared for each lot of each process, so that detailed history information can be managed. . Accordingly, when a defective product occurs, it is easy to deal with replacement, identification of the defective product mixture range, future improvement, etc., and life replacement and advance replacement leading to machine failure are also facilitated.
Since the information for each process is recorded on the IC tag 4 prepared for each lot of the process, more detailed information can be recorded as compared with the case of recording on a handwritten slip, and when the information is input from a terminal to a computer, for example. In contrast, since the IC tag 4 is the place where information should be input, it can be visually recognized, the input operation becomes clear, and errors are unlikely to occur. Also, unlike the case of recording all sorts of miscellaneous information from the material purchase of the component 2 to the grinding process in the computer, the production process keeps this recorded information in the IC tag 4, so the burden of the computer Is light and easy to manage. For this reason, more detailed information can be managed easily.

Moreover, since the manufacturing number of the machine element product 1 is recorded on the IC tag 9 attached to the machine element product 1, the remaining storage area of the IC tag 9 can be freely used, and various uses after manufacture, for example, It can be used for shipping management, distribution management, customer management, maintenance management and the like.
That is, as described above with reference to FIG. 1, the machine element product 1 is generally delivered to a warehouse after completion of assembly, inspection, and shipment, and delivered from a sales office to a customer. In the case of custom-made products, they may be delivered directly to customers after shipment. At the customer, the machine element product 1 is used by being incorporated in the equipment, and is discarded after the durable years. In each of these processes, in addition to reading the manufacturing number of the IC tag 9 attached to the machine element product 1 to know the history information, various uses using the remaining storage area of the IC tag 9 can be achieved.

Next, as a reference proposal example, a case where the machine element product 1 is a lot-by-lot inspection product such as a general product will be described with reference to FIG. In the management of inspection products by lot, each element 2 ((1) to (3)) includes the following processes (1) to (3) and (4) ', and the machine that assembled each element 2 For the element product 1, the following process is adopted. Since the management processes (1) to (3) from the material purchase to the heat treatment process are the same as the individual inspection products for the inspection products by lot, the description of these management processes (1) to (3) will be omitted.
(1). Management process at the time of material purchase (S1).
(2). Management process of forging process (S2).
(3). Management process of heat treatment process (S3).
(Four) '. Management process during grinding process (S4) and subsequent inspection process.
In the inspection process after the grinding process (S4), the IC tag 4 for each heat treatment lot 7 or the IC tag 4 that inherits the record information of the IC tag 4 for this heat treatment lot 7 is prepared for each grinding lot 8, and these In the IC tag 4, the grinding lot number and the information obtained in the inspection process for the corresponding grinding lot 8 are recorded. The processing in the grinding step (S4) is the same for the inspection product by lot and the individual inspection product. The information recorded in this management process (4) 'is information on the inspection results for each grinding lot 8, but the inspection items for the component 2 are the same for both the inspection products for each lot and the individual inspection products. Record. Although the inspection items may be different for the lot-by-lot inspection products and the individual inspection products, the inspection results are recorded in the IC tag 4 in the same manner regardless of the inspection items.

Assembly of machine element product 1 and subsequent management process.
An IC tag 9 is attached to each machine element product 1 in which each element product 2 is assembled from before assembly to after assembly. The IC lot 9 attached to this machine element product 1 has a manufacturing lot number and the above machine elements. At least the production lot number is recorded in the record information of the IC tag 4 after the inspection process of each element 2 ((1) to (3)) used for the product 1, and the production lot number and the database 10 are recorded. Correspondingly, the record information of the IC tag 4 after the inspection process of each element product 2 ((1) to (3)) used for the machine element product 1 and the inspection information after completion of the machine element product 1 Record.
The management of the inspection product by lot is the same management as the content described for the individual inspection product, except for the matters specifically described.

  In the case of this management method, the management of the machine element product 1 is managed for each production lot, but it is not a one-to-one management. For other matters, the individual inspection described in the quality control method for the first machine element product is described above. The same actions and effects as for products are obtained. The collation with respect to the management computer 10 is performed by the lot number obtained from the IC tag 9 attached to the machine element product 1.

  The IC tags 4 and 9 used in the above management methods will be described. Information is recorded on and read from the IC tags 4 and 9 by the IC tag reader / writer 20. The IC tag reader / writer 20 has an antenna 21 that faces the IC tags 4 and 9. The IC tags 4 and 9 can record and read information in a non-contact manner, and include an IC chip (an integrated circuit chip) 25 and an antenna 26. The IC chip 25 and the antenna 26 are integrally surrounded by a resin (not shown). IC tags come in various forms, shapes, and sizes. In addition to plate-shaped objects, there are square and spherical objects with a size of less than 1 mm, etc. Depending on the size and type, it may be selected as appropriate. The IC tag 4 used for the management of the element product 2 may be a relatively large one because it is attached to the containers 11, but the IC tag 9 attached to the machine element product 1 is preferably small. As the IC tags 4 and 9, for example, FRID tags to which RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology is applied can be used. The FRID type IC tag includes a type that uses electrostatic coupling, electromagnetic coupling, electromagnetic induction, microwave, light, etc. as a transmission method, and any of these types may be used. The format is used. Further, some IC tags can be used even if there is a metal in the periphery, and such a tag is preferable when attached to the machine element product 1. FIG. 9 shows a specific circuit example of the IC tags 4 and 9. The IC tags 4 and 9 include a central processing unit (CPU) 27, a memory 28, a transmission / reception circuit 29, and a power supply circuit 30, and the power supply circuit 30 obtains power from the antenna 26. As the memory 28, a memory that does not require a power source is used.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the description has mainly been given of the case where the machine element product 1 is a rolling bearing. However, the management method of the present invention is an element manufactured from material purchase through a forging process, a heat treatment process, and a grinding process. If the machine element product 1 is assembled including a plurality of types of products 2, it can be applied.

It is explanatory drawing of the quality control method of the machine element goods which concerns on the proposal example used as the foundation of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the quality control method of the machine element goods which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the quality control method of the machine element goods concerning a reference proposal example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the change of the recording content of each IC tag. It is a conceptual explanatory drawing of the recording form to an IC tag in the manufacturing process of element goods. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between a database and an IC tag. It is explanatory drawing of the assembly structure of a machine element goods. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between an IC tag and a tag reader / writer. It is a circuit diagram of an IC tag. It is explanatory drawing which shows the concept of the write-in form to the containers of element goods, and its IC tag. It is the fragmentary sectional view in the state where the IC tag was attached to the machine element commodity, and the enlarged view of the part.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Machine element goods 2 ... Element goods 3 ... Separate element goods 4 ... IC tag 5 ... Material lot 6 ... Forging lot 7 ... Heat treatment lot 8 ... Grinding lot 9 ... IC tag 10 ... Database 11 ... Containers 14 ... Database 15 ... Terminal 20 ... IC tag reader / writer

Claims (8)

This is a quality control method for machine element products that are assembled with multiple types of element products manufactured through multiple processes and individually inspected, and the lots of the multiple processes are separated in the downstream processes, but merged Wasezu, for top Symbol each element product,
In each of the above processes, an IC tag that inherits the record information of the IC tag of one upstream process or the IC tag of one upstream process is prepared for each lot of the current process. The process of recording the lot number and the information obtained in the current process for the process lot;
In the inspection process after the final process in the plurality of processes, the IC tag for each lot in the final process or the IC tag that has inherited the record information of the IC tag for each lot in the final process is set for each element or unit of inspection. Each set of the above-mentioned element products, including the process of recording the lot number of the corresponding final process and the information obtained in the inspection process on each IC tag. An IC tag is attached to a machine element product before and after assembly. The IC tag attached to the machine element product has a serial number unique to each machine element product, and each of the machine element products used for the machine element product. Of the recorded information of the IC tag after the inspection process of the element product, at least the production number is recorded, and the inspection of each element product used for the machine element product corresponding to the production number in the database The process of recording the record information of the IC tag after the process and the inspection information after the completion of the machine element product,
Quality control method for machine element products including   The method according to claim 1, further comprising: recording a material lot number for a corresponding material lot and information on the purchased material on an IC tag prepared for each material lot when purchasing the material of each element product, In the first step, the IC tag for each material lot or the IC tag that inherits the record information of the IC tag for each material lot is prepared for each lot of the first step, and the lot of the first step is prepared in these IC tags. A quality control method for machine element products that records the lot number and information obtained in the first step. From material purchase, assembly including multiple types of components manufactured through forging / turning process, heat treatment process, and grinding process including at least one of forging and turning processes, and individually inspected This is a quality control method for machine element products, and the lots of the plurality of processes are separated in the downstream processes but are not merged .
The process of recording information on the material lot number and the purchased material for the corresponding material lot on the IC tag prepared for each material lot at the time of purchasing the material of each of these element products,
In the forging / turning process, the IC tag for each material lot or the IC tag that inherits the record information of the IC tag for each material lot is prepared for each forging / turning lot, and the corresponding forging / turning lot is assigned to these IC tags. The process of recording the forging / turning lot number and information obtained in the forging / turning process,
In the above heat treatment process, an IC tag for each forging / turning lot or an IC tag that inherits the record information of the IC tag for each forging / turning lot is prepared for each heat treatment lot, and the heat treatment for the heat treatment lot corresponding to these IC tags is prepared. The process of recording the lot number and information obtained in the heat treatment process;
In the inspection process after the grinding process, an IC tag for each heat treatment lot or an IC tag that inherits the record information of the IC tag for each heat treatment lot is used for each element or a group of the same kind of element that is the unit of inspection. Including the process of recording the corresponding grinding lot number and the information obtained in the inspection process on these IC tags, and from the pre-assembly to the post-assembly to each machine element product assembled with each of the above-mentioned element products. An IC tag is attached between the machine element product, an IC tag attached to the machine element product, a serial number unique to each machine element product, and the IC tag after the inspection process of each element product used in the machine element product. Of the recorded information, at least the production number is recorded, and in correspondence with the production number in the database, the record information of the IC tag after the inspection process of each element used for the machine element product, And the process of recording inspection information after completion of machine element products,
Quality control method for machine element products including   4. The quality control method for machine element products according to claim 1, wherein the IC tag prepared for each lot is attached to containers containing a plurality of element products of the same lot.   4. The machine element product according to claim 3, wherein the machine element product includes an element product different from an element product manufactured through a forging / turning process, a heat treatment process, and a grinding process from the material purchase. Is the quality control method for machine element products recorded in the database in association with the production number or lot number after the assembly of the machine element products.   6. An inner ring, an outer ring, and a rolling element as claimed in claim 3 or 5, wherein the machine element product is a rolling bearing, and is manufactured through the forging / turning process, heat treatment process, and grinding process from the purchase of the material. Quality control method for machine element products including   The machine element product according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the machine element product is filled with grease at the time of assembly, and an assembly year of the machine element product is attached to an IC tag attached to the machine element product. A quality control method for machine element products that records the date.   The quality of the machine element product according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein information such as a location from shipment of the machine element product to delivery to a customer is recorded on an IC tag attached to the machine element product. Management method.

Images