JP4465173B2 - 複合セラミックスおよびその製法 - Google Patents
複合セラミックスおよびその製法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
従って、本発明は、高硬度かつ熱水劣化試験後の強度が高く靭性が高い複合セラミックスとその製法を提供することを目的とする。
このように複合セラミックスを構成するジルコニア結晶相の平均結晶粒径を1μm以下とするとともに、アルミナ相の平均結晶粒径が1.3μm以下とすることにより、前記したような高硬度のセラミックスを得ることが出来る。
本発明においては、120℃、100%RHで300時間の熱水劣化試験後の抗折強度が1000MPa以上であることが望ましい。
この場合、前記焼成後に、1500℃以下の熱間静水圧焼成を行うことが望ましく、更に、1100℃〜1400℃の大気中で熱処理を行うことが望ましい。
即ち、本発明の製法では、原料粉末に微粉末を用い、焼成は1600℃以下の温度で行うことにより形成されるジルコニア結晶相およびアルミナ相の粒成長を抑制した焼結体を得ることができる。
本発明の複合セラミックスは、CeO2およびY2O3を含むジルコニア結晶相とアルミナ相とから構成されることを特徴とするものであるが、その組成として、CeO2を9〜12モル%、及びY2O3を2.8〜4.5モル%含むジルコニア結晶相を10〜20質量%と、アルミナ相を80〜90質量%とからなることが重要である。
ジルコニア結晶相中に含まれるCeO2の含有量は、このジルコニア結晶相を正方晶として安定化させ、単斜晶および立方晶の析出を抑制させるために、10〜11モル%、一方、Y2O3の含有量は、上記と同様の理由から、2.9〜3.3モル%であることが更に望ましい。
本発明の複合セラミックスの主成分であるジルコニア結晶相中に含まれるCeO2は9モル%未満の場合には準安定相である単斜晶が析出しやすくなり、一方、12モル%を越える場合には立方晶が増加し抗折強度、靭性、硬度が低下する。
Y2O3は3価で4価のZrO2に固溶した際に酸素空孔を形成し、酸素空孔に水が作用することにより、ジルコニアの結合を切り、水熱劣化がおこる。しかしCeO2は4価であり、ZrO2に固溶しても酸素空孔を作らないため水熱劣化しない。しかし、CeO2が固溶したジルコニアは、高温でCeO2がCe2O3に還元しやすく、より低温で焼成するか、大気中で熱処理することによりCe2O3を再酸化しCeO2にする事が出来る。
本発明の複合セラミックスを構成するジルコニア結晶相の割合が10質量%未満、またアルミナ相の割合が90質量%を超える場合には、機械的特性のうち特に靭性が低下する。一方、ジルコニア結晶相の割合が20質量%を超え、またアルミナ相の割合が80質量%未満の場合には、機械的特性のうち特にビッカース硬度が低下する。
また、本発明の複合セラミックスでは、アルミナ相の高い硬度による高硬度材料をえるという点で、ジルコニア相はアルミナ結晶相の粒界に分散して存在することが好ましい。
ジルコニア結晶相の平均粒径が1μmおよびアルミナ相の平均粒径が1.3μmを越える場合には、硬度が低下する。
次に、本発明の複合セラミックスの製法について説明する。
本発明では、まず、CeO2を含む第1ジルコニア粉末と、Y2O3を含む第2ジルコニア粉末とを、第1ジルコニア粉末と第2ジルコニア粉末とを合わせたときのCeO2とY2O3の濃度がそれぞれ9〜12モル%、2.8〜4.5モル%となるようにCeO2とY2O3と添加したジルコニア粉末と、アルミナ粉末とを混合したジルコニア系混合粉末を調製し、この混合粉末を所望の形状に成形する。平均粒径はアルミナが2μm以下、ジルコニアが1μm以下であることが重要であり、特に、アルミナが1.5μm以下、ジルコニアが0.7μm以下であることが望ましい。配合量は第1ジルコニア粉末65〜85質量%と第2ジルコニア粉末15〜35質量%の割合で混合して用いる。特に、焼成して得られる複合セラミックスの靭性および機械的強度を高めるという理由から第1ジルコニア粉末は70〜80質量%、第2ジルコニア粉末を20〜30質量%含有させる。
この場合、第1および第2ジルコニア粉末の平均粒径が1μmよりも大きい場合ならびにアルミナ粉末の平均粒径が2μmよりも大きいものを用いた場合には、焼結後の複合セラミックスを構成するジルコニア結晶相およびアルミナ相の平均粒径が大きくなる恐れがあり、該平均粒径が大きくなると特に抗折強度が低下する。
また、本発明に用いる第1および第2ジルコニア粉末などのジルコニア粉末(不可避不純物としてハフニア(HfO2)を含む)およびアルミナ粉末の純度は99.9質量%以上が望ましい。
また、本発明では、上記焼成後に、1100℃〜1400℃の大気中で熱処理を行うことが望ましく、酸素含有雰囲気中でのこのような熱処理を付加することにより、特に硬度および耐磨耗性を高めることができる。
本発明において、前記常圧焼成後の上記熱処理前に1400℃以下の熱間静水圧焼成を行うことが望ましい。これにより複合セラミックスを構成するジルコニア結晶相およびアルミナ相の粒成長を抑制しつつ高密度化できる。
次に、表1に示すように、上記熱間静水圧焼成した試料のうちの一部を大気中、1250℃の温度で熱処理を行った。
一部の焼結体(相対密度が95%以上のもの)について、酸素20%でAr80%の雰囲気(表1中の試料No.19〜21で(O2)と表示する)、又はAr雰囲気にて最高温度1400℃で熱間静水圧焼成(HIP)を行い相対密度99.5%以上の緻密焼結体を得た。
前記熱間静水圧焼成後、大気中、1250℃の温度で熱処理を行った焼結体を研削加工して、4×3×35mmの試料を作製した。結晶組織観察は電子顕微鏡を用いて行った。ジルコニア結晶相およびアルミナ結晶相の平均結晶径および最大結晶径は得られた電子顕微鏡写真の対角線上に沿って存在するものについて平均結晶径とそのばらつきを測定顕微鏡を用いて求めた。測定箇所は各10点とした。また、JIS−R1601による室温における抗折強度、及び熱水劣化試験後(120℃、100%RHで300時間処理後)の抗折強度、JIS−R1607によるSEPB法により破壊靱性値、並びにJIS−R1610によりビッカース硬度を測定した。得られた結果を表1に示す。
Claims (4)
- CeO2を9〜12モル%、及びY2O3を2.8〜4.5モル%含むジルコニア結晶相10〜20質量%と、アルミナ相80〜90質量%とからなり、前記ジルコニア結晶相の平均結晶粒径が1μm以下であるとともに、前記アルミナ相の平均結晶粒径が1.3μm以下であり、ビッカース硬度が1716以上で、かつ破壊靭性値が4.5以上であることを特徴とする複合セラミックス。
- 120℃、100%RHで300時間の熱水劣化試験後の抗折強度が1000MPa以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合セラミックス。
- 平均粒径がそれぞれ1μm以下の、CeO2を含む第1ジルコニア粉末65〜85質量%と、Y2O3を含む第2ジルコニア粉末15〜35質量%とからなるジルコニア粉末であって、第1ジルコニア粉末と第2ジルコニア粉末とを合わせたときのCeO2とY2O3の濃度がそれぞれ9〜12モル%、2.8〜4.5モル%となるようにCeO2とY2O3と添加したジルコニア粉末10〜20質量%に対し、平均粒径が2μm以下のアルミナ粉末を80〜90質量%添加してジルコニア系混合粉末を調製する工程と、該ジルコニア系混合粉末を所定形状に成形後、1600℃以下の大気雰囲気中で焼成する工程、とを含むことを特徴とする複合セラミックスの製法。
- 前記焼成後に、更に1500℃以下の熱間静水圧焼成を行うことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の複合セラミックスの製法。
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JP2003317771A JP4465173B2 (ja) | 2003-09-10 | 2003-09-10 | 複合セラミックスおよびその製法 |
US10/935,910 US20050119107A1 (en) | 2003-09-10 | 2004-09-08 | Alumina/zirconia ceramics and method of producing the same |
EP04255503A EP1514856B1 (en) | 2003-09-10 | 2004-09-10 | Alumina/zirconia ceramics and method of producing the same |
DE602004019366T DE602004019366D1 (de) | 2003-09-10 | 2004-09-10 | Aluminiumoxid-Zirkonoxid-Keramiken und ein Verfahren zur ihrer Herstellung |
US11/367,088 US7399722B2 (en) | 2003-09-10 | 2006-03-02 | Alumina/zirconia ceramics and method of producing the same |
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EP2086909B1 (en) * | 2006-10-05 | 2013-04-17 | Vita Zahnfabrik H. Rauter GmbH & Co. KG | Sintered material comprising stabilized zirconia, alumina and rare earth aluminate platelets, manufacturing method and uses |
US8074472B2 (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2011-12-13 | Zircoa Inc. | Grinding beads and method of producing the same |
WO2009099184A1 (ja) * | 2008-02-07 | 2009-08-13 | Kyocera Corporation | ジルコニア質焼結体およびその製造方法 |
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GB2464473B (en) | 2008-10-15 | 2012-09-12 | Univ Loughborough | Deformable granule production |
GB0821674D0 (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2008-12-31 | Univ Loughborough | Ceramic |
JP2010229570A (ja) * | 2009-03-26 | 2010-10-14 | Kyocera Corp | 繊維ガイド |
CN107021740A (zh) * | 2009-12-16 | 2017-08-08 | 陶瓷技术有限责任公司 | 由主成分氧化铝和氧化锆组成的陶瓷复合材料 |
JP5779878B2 (ja) * | 2010-12-24 | 2015-09-16 | 日本精工株式会社 | 転がり支持装置 |
ITRM20110452A1 (it) * | 2011-08-31 | 2013-03-01 | Gia E Lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile Enea | Materiale ceramico per protesi dentarie |
US10391671B2 (en) | 2012-04-16 | 2019-08-27 | Vita Zahnfabrik H. Rauter Gmbh & Co. Kg | Process for producing a non-dense sintered ceramic molded body having at least two layers |
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DE102012110322B4 (de) * | 2012-10-29 | 2014-09-11 | Rogers Germany Gmbh | Metall-Keramik-Substrat sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Metall-Keramik-Substrates |
JP6496021B2 (ja) * | 2015-06-26 | 2019-04-03 | 京セラ株式会社 | セラミック基板およびこれを用いた実装用基板ならびに電子装置 |
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CN110922199B (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-05-20 | 湖南仁海科技材料发展有限公司 | 一种黑色氧化锆陶瓷烧成用承烧板及其制备方法 |
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