JP4455257B2 - Switch - Google Patents

Description

The present invention is a vacuum circuit breaker, to switch capable of improving the opening-closing characteristic of the switch, such as a vacuum switch.

  Conventional switch operating mechanisms such as vacuum circuit breakers and vacuum disconnectors are known that use electromagnetic actuators that generate the necessary operating force to perform open and close operations (for example, patents). Reference 1).

  As shown in FIG. 5, this type of switch opens and closes the blocking portion 1a that cuts off the current from the upper portion of the drawing, the wipe spring portion 1b that applies a contact load when the blocking portion 1a is closed, and the breaking portion 1a at the lowermost portion of the drawing. An operation mechanism 1c is arranged and configured. In FIG. 5, a closed state is shown on the right side of the figure, and an open state is shown on the left side of the figure.

  The blocking portion 1a is provided with a three-phase vacuum valve 5 having a pair of electrodes 3 and 4 that can be contacted and separated in a vacuum insulating container 2. On the fixed side outside the vacuum insulating container 2, an upper conductor 6 serving as one electric circuit is fixed to an upper fixing member 8 via a support insulator 7. A movable energizing shaft 9 that is movable in the axial direction is provided on the movable side outside the vacuum insulating container 2 so as to penetrate the lower conductor 10 serving as the other electric path. One end of the insulating operation rod 11 is connected in the axial direction of the movable energizing shaft 9.

  The wipe spring portion 1b has a wipe spring that connects the first movable shaft 12 connected to the other end of the insulating rod 11 and the second movable shaft 13 disposed in the axial direction of the first movable shaft 12. A folder 14 is provided. In the wipe spring folder 14, a wipe spring 15 that applies a contact load between the pair of electrodes 3 and 4 and a buffer member 16 that absorbs an impact force during opening and closing are provided.

  The operating mechanism 1c is provided with a connecting beam 17 that connects the second movable shafts 13 for three phases, and an electromagnetic actuator 18. The electromagnetic actuator 18 includes a yoke 19 that forms a magnetic path, a magnetic armature 20 provided so as to move in the yoke 19, a permanent magnet 21 that moves or keeps the armature 20 closed, and an armature fixed to the permanent magnet 21. 20 is composed of a magnetic core 22 that contacts and separates from and 20, a closing circuit that increases and decreases magnetic flux in the yoke 19, open coils 23 and 24, and a nonmagnetic operating rod 26 that sandwiches the armature 20 between the upper and lower sides in the figure. Yes. The operation rod 26 passes through the permanent magnet 21, the core 22, the yoke 19, and the frame 25 that fixes the yoke 19, and is connected to the connecting beam 17.

  On both sides of the electromagnetic actuator 18, an open spring 27, which is an elastic member that constantly urges the armature 20 in the direction away from the permanent magnet 21, is provided between the connecting beam 17 and the lower fixing member 28.

  When the closed state is set, the closed coil 23 that generates a magnetic flux in the same direction as the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 21 is excited to attract the armature 20 in the direction of the permanent magnet 21. This suction force becomes an operation force at the time of closing, and the operating rod 26, the connecting beam 17, the wipe spring folder 14, and the insulating operating rod 11 are moved together with the armature 20 in the closing direction in the upper part of the figure, and between the electrodes 3 and 4 are moved. Make contact. After the closing, the closing coil 23 is de-energized and the armature 20 is always attracted by the attractive force of the permanent magnet 21.

  Further, when the open circuit state is set, the attractive force between the armature 20 and the permanent magnet 21 is reduced by exciting the open coil 24 that generates a magnetic flux in the direction opposite to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 21. Accordingly, in the suction state, the operating force 26 is moved together with the armature 20 in the opening direction in the lower part of the figure as the spring force of the opening spring 27 wins. Further, the open spring 27 separates the electrodes 3 and 4 to the final position.

  On the other hand, two electromagnetic actuators 18 serving as an operation mechanism are connected in series, and one electromagnetic actuator is used for closing and opening, and the other electromagnetic actuator is used for further operation in the opening direction. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).

In other words, the closing position and the opening position are operated by one electromagnetic actuator, and the operation of further expanding the gap between the electrodes 3 and 4 that have been opened by the other electromagnetic actuator is made to the disconnecting position.
JP-A-2002-270423 (pages 4-5, FIG. 1) JP 2000-164084 A (page 14, FIG. 13)

  The conventional switch operating mechanism has the following problems.

  In order to increase the voltage of the switch such as the 60 kV class, the cap length between the electrodes 3 and 4 of the vacuum valve 5 had to be widened to several tens mm. Along with this, the distance that the armature 20 moves is increased, and the gap length at which the armature 20 and the core 22 face each other is a long gap as between the electrodes 3 and 4. The gap length of the vacuum valve 5 is generally a short gap of tens of mm or less when the rated voltage is 20 kV or less.

  Thus, when the gap length is widened by increasing the voltage, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit formed by the yoke 19, the armature 20, the permanent magnet 21 and the core 22 increases, and the operating force for operating the switch rapidly decreases. . In addition, it becomes difficult to obtain an opening / closing characteristic that requires a predetermined opening / closing speed such as 1 m / sec. For this reason, in order to obtain a required operating force, the area where the armature 20 and the core 22 face each other has to be increased, or the current to be energized using the closed coil 23 as a large-diameter strand has to be increased.

  Thereby, the armature 20, the closing coil 23, the opening coil 24, etc. had to be enlarged. Furthermore, when these coils 23 and 24 are enlarged, coil resistance and inductance are increased, and the influence on the operating force is increased, so that further enlargement is required.

  On the other hand, in the case where two electromagnetic actuators 18 are connected in series, one and the other electromagnetic actuators are individually operated to set a closed position, an open position, and a disconnected position. It was an operation. Accordingly, it has been impossible to operate a long gap such as several tens of millimeters with a predetermined operating force.

  Therefore, there has been a demand for an operating mechanism for a switch that can open and close a long gap of several tens of millimeters with a predetermined operating force without increasing the size of the armature 20, the closing coil 23, and the like.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a switch having a predetermined operating force and capable of improving the open / close characteristics of a long gap.

To achieve the above object, switch of the present invention, a cutoff portion having a pair of electrodes of the movable contact and separation operation rod connected to the movable shaft for opening and closing the shut-off portion, is sandwiched in this operating rod An armature, and an electromagnetic actuator having a coil for increasing or decreasing the electromagnetic force acting on the armature, and an elastic member for biasing the pair of electrodes in a direction away from each other. The operating rod is arranged on the shaft so as to be contactable and separable, and the distance that the armature moves is sequentially decreased from the movable shaft side to the non-movable shaft side .

  According to the present invention, a plurality of electromagnetic actuators having armatures, permanent magnets, and solenoid coils connected to the movable shaft are connected to the movable shaft of the switch, and these are operated simultaneously. A large operating force can be obtained, and the open / close characteristics of the long gap can be improved.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  First, an operation mechanism of a switch according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an operating mechanism of a switch according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In addition, in FIG. 1, the open circuit state was shown and the same code | symbol was attached | subjected about the component similar to the past. Moreover, since the switch is the same as that of the conventional FIG. 5, its description is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the electromagnetic actuator 18 serving as an operation mechanism is configured by connecting an upper first electromagnetic actuator 18a and a second lower electromagnetic actuator 18b shown in the figure in series.

  The first electromagnetic actuator 18a includes a yoke 19a that forms a magnetic path, a magnetic armature 20a that is provided to move in the yoke 19a, a permanent magnet 21a that moves or holds the closed circuit of the armature 20a, and a permanent magnet 21a. First operation of a non-magnetic material that is sandwiched between an upper portion and a lower portion in the figure, which is a fixed magnetic core 22a that is in contact with and away from the armature 20a, a closed circuit that increases or decreases the magnetic flux in the yoke 19a, and the open coils 23a and 24a. It consists of a rod 26a. Further, the operation rod 26a passes through the permanent magnet 21a, the core 22a, the yoke 19a, and the mount 25a for fixing the yoke 19a, and is connected to a connecting beam (not shown).

  The second electromagnetic actuator 18b is configured in the same manner as the first electromagnetic actuator 18a. That is, the yoke 19b, the armature 20b, the permanent magnet 21b, the core 22b, the closed circuit, the open coils 23b and 24b, the mount 25b, and the second operating rod 26b are configured.

  The first operating rod 26a and the second operating rod 26b are arranged on the shaft, and disk-like couplings 31a and 31b are fixed to the opposing ends, respectively. The couplings 31a and 31b are connected by a bolt 32. The gap length g1 between the core 22a and the armature 20a of the first electromagnetic actuator 18a and the gap length g2 between the core 22b and the armature 20b of the second electromagnetic actuator 18b in the open circuit state are the same.

  Here, the closing coils 23a and 23b and the opening coils 24a and 24b are formed as an integral solenoid coil, and are excited so that a magnetic force in the same direction as the magnetic force of the permanent magnets 21a and 21b is generated when the circuit is closed. , 21b may be excited to generate a magnetic force in the opposite direction.

  When the closed circuit state is to be set, the first electromagnetic actuator 18a and the second electromagnetic actuator 18b are operated simultaneously. That is, the closed coils 23a and 23b that generate magnetic flux in the same direction as the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets 21a and 21b are excited simultaneously, and the respective armatures 20a and 20b are simultaneously attracted in the direction of the permanent magnets 21a and 21b.

  This attractive force is generated between the core 22a and the armature 20a of the first electromagnetic actuator 18a and between the core 22b and the armature 20b of the second electromagnetic actuator 18b, and becomes an operation force at the time of closing, together with the armatures 20a and 20b. The first and second operating rods 26a and 26b are moved in the closing direction at the top of the figure. After closing, the closing coils 23a and 23b are de-excited, and the armatures 20a and 20b are always attracted by the attractive force of the permanent magnets 21a and 21b.

  As described above, since the first electromagnetic actuator 18a and the second electromagnetic actuator 18b are operated at the same time when the circuit is closed, an attractive force is generated at the same time, and the operating force is twice as large as that in the conventional case. It becomes. For this reason, the speed at the time of closing can be improved even in a long gap such as several tens of mm.

  On the other hand, in the case of the open circuit state, the open coils 24a and 24b that generate a magnetic flux in the direction opposite to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets 21a and 21b are simultaneously excited, and the attractive force between the armatures 20a and 20b and the permanent magnets 21a and 21b is increased. Decrease. Accordingly, in the suction state, the spring force of the open spring (not shown) wins, and the first and second operating rods 26a and 26b are moved together with the armatures 20a and 20b in the open direction in the lower part of the figure. And it opens to the last position with an open circuit spring.

  According to the switch operating device of the first embodiment, the first electromagnetic actuator 18a and the second electromagnetic actuator 18b are connected in series, and the core 22a, 22b and the armature 20a, 20b are opposed to each other. Since these are operated simultaneously, a large operating force can be obtained at the time of opening and closing, and the opening and closing characteristics in the long gap can be improved.

  In the first embodiment, the first electromagnetic actuator 18a and the second electromagnetic actuator 18b have been described with the same configuration. However, the gap lengths g1 and g2 at which the cores 22a and 22b face the armatures 20a and 20b are different. If they are similar, the shapes and capacities of the closing coils 23a and 23b and the opening coils 24a and 24b may be different.

  Further, the couplings 31a and 31b are directly fixed with the bolts 32. However, if the couplings 31a and 31b are fixed between the couplings 31a and 31b via a buffer layer made of an elastic material such as rubber, the first electromagnetic actuator is used. Even if the gap length g1 of 18a and the gap length g2 of the second electromagnetic actuator 18b are slightly different, it is preferable because the difference between the gap lengths g1 and g2 is absorbed by the buffer layer.

  In addition, the permanent magnets 21a and 21b have been described as holding the closed circuit. However, the permanent magnets 21a and 21b are removed, and the closed circuit is closed by a latching mechanism that latches the movable portion such as the first operating rod 26a when the circuit is closed. You may hold it.

  In addition, the first operating rod 26a and the second operating rod 26b are connected by the couplings 31a and 31b. However, an integrated operating rod may be used.

  Furthermore, two or more electromagnetic actuators may be connected in series. A large operating force is obtained in proportion to the ratio of connecting in series, which makes it suitable for opening and closing a long gap.

  Next, a switch operating mechanism according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an operation mechanism of a switch according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the yokes of the first electromagnetic actuator and the second electromagnetic actuator are integrated. In FIG. 2, the open circuit state is shown, and the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the first electromagnetic actuator 18a and the second electromagnetic actuator 18b are configured such that their yokes 19a and 19b are in contact with each other. Further, a third operating rod 26c is provided to penetrate from the yoke 19a of the first electromagnetic actuator 18a to the mount 25b for fixing the yoke 19b of the second electromagnetic actuator 18b. The yokes 19a and 19b may be configured integrally.

  According to the switch operating device of the second embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the yokes 19a and 19b can be downsized, and the overall configuration of the operating mechanism can be downsized.

  Next, a switch operating mechanism according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operating mechanism of the switch according to the third embodiment of the present invention. 3A shows an open circuit state, FIG. 3B shows a closed circuit state, and FIG. 3C shows a closed circuit state. The third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the first electromagnetic actuator and the second electromagnetic actuator are separated from each other, and the gap lengths at which the yokes and the armature face each other are made different. 3A, 3 </ b> B, and 3 </ b> C, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the couplings 31a and 31b fixed to the ends of the operation rod 26a of the first electromagnetic actuator 18a and the operation rod 26b of the second electromagnetic actuator 18b are arranged in the axial direction. It is provided so that it can be touched and separated. The gap length g3 where the core 22a and the armature 20a of the first electromagnetic actuator 18a face each other is wider than the gap length g4 where the core 22b and the armature 20b of the second electromagnetic actuator 18b face each other.

  Here, the 1st electromagnetic actuator 18a is arrange | positioned at the interruption | blocking part side, and the 2nd electromagnetic actuator is arrange | positioned at the lower fixing member side.

  When the closed circuit is to be closed, the first electromagnetic actuator 18a and the second electromagnetic actuator 18b are operated at the same time, and the closed coils 23a and 23b in which the magnetic flux in the same direction as the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets 21a and 21b is generated. At the same time, the armatures 20a and 20b are attracted in the direction of the permanent magnets 21a and 21b.

  Here, the suction force is greatly influenced by the gap length g3 or g4, and the suction force becomes larger as the gap length is shorter. For this reason, first, as shown in FIG. 3B, a large attractive force is generated in the second electromagnetic actuator 18b, and the core 22b and the armature 20b come into contact with each other. As a result, the second operating rod 26b moves in the closing direction in the upper part of the drawing, and accordingly, the first operating rod 26a and the armature 20a sandwiched between the operating rods 26a also move.

  When the armature 20b of the second electromagnetic actuator 18b moves in this way, the gap length between the core 22a of the first electromagnetic actuator 18a and the armature 20a becomes as short as g4-g3.

  Then, the first electromagnetic actuator 18a can obtain a larger attractive force than that of the gap length g3, and the core 22a and the armature 20a come into contact with each other as shown in FIG. At the same time, the first operating rod 26a moves in the closing direction in the upper part of the figure, and the couplings 31a and 31b are separated from each other to enter a closed state.

  As a result, when the circuit is closed, first, a large operating force can be obtained by the second electromagnetic actuator 18b, and then a large operating force can be continuously obtained by the first electromagnetic actuator 18a so that the circuit can be closed. .

  On the other hand, in the case of the open circuit state, the open coil 24a, 24b that generates a magnetic flux in the direction opposite to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets 21a, 21b is excited to reduce the attractive force between the armatures 20a, 20b and the permanent magnets 21a, 21b. Then, the first operating rod 26a and the second operating rod 26b are moved in the opening direction below the figure.

  According to the switch operating device according to the third embodiment, the first electromagnetic actuator 18a and the second electromagnetic actuator 18b having different gap lengths in which the cores 22a and 22b and the armatures 20a and 20b face each other are serially arranged on the shaft. Since the operation rods 26a and 26b are arranged close to each other and are operated simultaneously, at the time of closing, a large operating force is first obtained with a shorter gap length, and then a longer gap is obtained. As the length becomes shorter, a large operating force can be obtained, and the open / close characteristics in the long gap can be improved.

  In the third embodiment, two electromagnetic actuators have been described. However, two or more electromagnetic actuators may be arranged in series. Large operating force is obtained sequentially in proportion to the ratio of connecting in series, and it becomes suitable for opening and closing of the long gap.

  Next, a switch operating mechanism according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an operating mechanism of a switch according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. The fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the first electromagnetic actuator and the second electromagnetic actuator are connected in parallel. In FIG. 4, the open circuit state is shown, and the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the first electromagnetic actuator 18a and the second electromagnetic actuator 18b are arranged and configured in parallel. The fourth operating rod 26d of the first electromagnetic actuator 18a and the fifth operating rod 26e of the second electromagnetic actuator 18b are fixed between the upper connecting beam 33a and the lower connecting beam 33b. A sixth operating rod 26f connected to the blocking portion is fixed to the upper connecting beam 33a. A seventh operating rod 26g extending to the lower fixing member side is fixed to the lower connecting beam 33b.

  Here, the gap length between the core 22a and the armature 20a of the first electromagnetic actuator 18a and the gap length between the core 22b and the armature 20b of the second electromagnetic actuator 18b in the open circuit state are the same.

  When the closed state and the closed state are set, the first electromagnetic actuator 18a and the second electromagnetic actuator 18b are simultaneously operated.

  According to the switch operating device according to the fourth embodiment, the first electromagnetic actuator 18a and the second electromagnetic actuator 18b are connected in parallel, and the gap length between the cores 22a and 22b and the armatures 20a and 20b is set. Similarly, since these are operated simultaneously, a large operating force can be obtained during opening and closing, and the opening and closing characteristics in the long gap can be improved.

  Moreover, although the said Example 4 demonstrated using two electromagnetic actuators, you may connect two or more in parallel. A large operating force is obtained in proportion to the ratio of connecting in parallel, making it suitable for opening and closing long gaps.

Sectional drawing which shows the operating mechanism of the switch concerning Example 1 of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the operating mechanism of the switch concerning Example 2 of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the operating mechanism of the switch concerning Example 3 of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the operating mechanism of the switch concerning Example 4 of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the structure of a switch.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a Blocking part 1b Wipe spring part 1c Operation mechanism part 2 Vacuum insulation container 3, 4 Electrode 5 Vacuum valve 6 Upper conductor 7 Support insulator 8 Upper fixing member 9 Movable energizing shaft 10 Lower conductor 11 Insulating operation rod 12 First movable shaft 13 First 2 movable shafts 14 wipe spring folder 15 wipe spring 16 buffer member 17 connecting beam 18 electromagnetic actuator 18a first electromagnetic actuator 18b second electromagnetic actuator 19, 19a, 19b yoke 20, 20a, 20b armature 21, 21a, 21b permanent magnet 22, 22a, 22b Cores 23, 23a, 23b Closed coils 24, 24a, 24b Opened coils 25, 25a, 25b Mount 26 Operating rod 26a First operating rod 26b Second operating rod 26c Third operating rod 26d Fourth Operating rod 26e Fifth operating rod 2 6f 6th operating rod 26g 7th operating rod 27 Opening spring 28 Lower fixing members 31a and 31b Coupling 32 Bolt 33a Upper connecting beam 33b Lower connecting beam

Claims (1)

A blocking portion having a pair of electrodes that can be contacted and separated;
An operating rod connected to a movable shaft that opens and closes the blocking portion, an armature held by the operating rod, and an electromagnetic actuator having a coil for increasing or decreasing an electromagnetic force acting on the armature;
An elastic member that urges the pair of electrodes in a separating direction;
A plurality of the electromagnetic actuators are arranged in series, and the operation rods are arranged on the shafts so as to be freely contacted and separated.
A switch that is characterized in that the distance that the armature moves is sequentially reduced from the movable shaft side to the non-movable shaft side.

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