JP4330085B2 - 難燃性樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
難燃性樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4330085B2 JP4330085B2 JP2008527735A JP2008527735A JP4330085B2 JP 4330085 B2 JP4330085 B2 JP 4330085B2 JP 2008527735 A JP2008527735 A JP 2008527735A JP 2008527735 A JP2008527735 A JP 2008527735A JP 4330085 B2 JP4330085 B2 JP 4330085B2
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- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
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- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- ASMQGLCHMVWBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-M diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)([O-])OC1=CC=CC=C1 ASMQGLCHMVWBQR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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- QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1O QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 101100323621 Drosophila melanogaster Drip gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
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- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical group C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NXXYKOUNUYWIHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-Dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1O NXXYKOUNUYWIHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OMIHGPLIXGGMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-1,3,5-triene Chemical group C1=CC=C2OC2=C1 OMIHGPLIXGGMJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 0 Cc(cc1*)cc(*)c1OC Chemical compound Cc(cc1*)cc(*)c1OC 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BQPNUOYXSVUVMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[2-(4-diphenoxyphosphoryloxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenyl] diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=C(OP(=O)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)OC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C(C=C1)=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 BQPNUOYXSVUVMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical class [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
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- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVVFAEKRHJHHOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,4-diphenylphenyl) dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OC1=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC(OP(O)(O)=O)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 BVVFAEKRHJHHOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZJKCITHLCNCAHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum dioxidophosphanium Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-][PH2]=O.[O-][PH2]=O.[O-][PH2]=O ZJKCITHLCNCAHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium phosphates Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
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- OFOXPUGNNSFGPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,2-dimethylpropyl) phenyl phosphate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)COP(=O)(OCC(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1 OFOXPUGNNSFGPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XIMUORXKUCOUFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) (4-methylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(=O)(OCC(CC)CCCC)OC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 XIMUORXKUCOUFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXZYMQCBRZBVIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phenyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(=O)(OCC(CC)CCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ZXZYMQCBRZBVIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YMNCCEXICREQQV-UHFFFAOYSA-L cyclopenta-1,3-diene;titanium(4+);dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ti+4].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 YMNCCEXICREQQV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YICSVBJRVMLQNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phenyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1 YICSVBJRVMLQNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYSCVIAVOSESIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N didodecyl (4-methylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(=O)(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 RYSCVIAVOSESIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHZIKCOBQFCTDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N didodecyl phenyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(=O)(OCCCCCCCCCCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1 OHZIKCOBQFCTDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003244 diene elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UDTNMDMYVIAQAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinaphthalen-2-yl phenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1OP(OC=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 UDTNMDMYVIAQAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSPBAVGTJNAVBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)(OCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1 JSPBAVGTJNAVBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011953 free-radical catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010559 graft polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000014 iron salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[2-(octadecanoylamino)ethyl]octadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCNC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RKISUIUJZGSLEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphinimyl]-n-methylmethanamine Chemical class CN(C)P(=N)(N(C)C)N(C)C GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVZFCHKRLYMSEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalen-1-yl diphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 FVZFCHKRLYMSEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000008039 phosphoramides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002285 poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001755 resorcinol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OOZBTDPWFHJVEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-nonylphenyl) phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)CCCCCCCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1CCCCCCCCC OOZBTDPWFHJVEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L71/08—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives
- C08L71/10—Polyethers derived from hydroxy compounds or from their metallic derivatives from phenols
- C08L71/12—Polyphenylene oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/20—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring
- C08J3/22—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques
- C08J3/226—Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring using masterbatch techniques using a polymer as a carrier
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L53/00—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L53/02—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers of vinyl-aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L53/00—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L53/02—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers of vinyl-aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
- C08L53/025—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers of vinyl-aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes modified
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/42—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes polyesters; polyethers; polyacetals
- H01B3/427—Polyethers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0091—Complexes with metal-heteroatom-bonds
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/53—Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
- C08K5/5313—Phosphinic compounds, e.g. R2=P(:O)OR'
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/06—Polystyrene
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- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L71/02—Polyalkylene oxides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Description
吉田隆著,「エコ材料の最先端」,電線総合技術センター,p.31(2004) 西沢仁著,「高分子の難燃化技術」,シーエムシー出版(2002)
(1)
成分(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)の合計量に対し、成分(A)ポリフェニレンエーテルの含有量(〈A〉)が10wt%以上45wt%未満、成分(B)ビニル芳香族単量体単位および共役ジエン単量体単位を主体とする水添共重合体の含有量(〈B〉)が20wt%以上85wt%以下、成分(C)スチレン樹脂および/またはオレフィン樹脂の含有量(〈C〉)が0wt%以上、成分(D)ホスフィン酸金属塩の含有量(〈D〉)が2wt%以上20wt%以下である成分(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)を含む樹脂組成物。
(2)
成分(C)がスチレン樹脂で、且つ〈C〉が3wt%以上であることを特徴とする(1)に記載の樹脂組成物。
(3)
成分(B)が、ビニル芳香族単量体単位を主体とする重合体ブロック(B1)及びビニル芳香族単量体単位および共役ジエン単量体単位を主体とする水添共重合体ブロック(B2)を有し、且つ(B2)中のビニル芳香族単量体単位が、20wt%以上であることを特徴とする(1)あるいは(2)に記載の樹脂組成物。
(4)
成分(B)中のビニル芳香族単量体単位が、35wt%以上であることを特徴とする(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物。
(5)
成分(A)、(B)の含有量が、下記式を満たすことを特徴とする(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物。
〈B〉>〈A〉・・・(式1)
(6)
成分(A)、(B)の含有量が、下記式を満たすことを特徴とする(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物。
〈B〉>1.5×〈A〉・・・(式2)
(7)
JIS K6253に準拠して測定したショアーA硬度が、95°以下の(1)〜(6)のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物。
(8)
更に成分(E)ホスフィン酸金属塩以外のリン系難燃剤として、窒素基含有化合物を含有することを特徴とする(1)〜(7)のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物。
(9)
成分(E)として、ポリリン酸メラミンを含有することを特徴とする(8)に記載の樹脂組成物。
(10)
(1)〜(9)のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物からなる電線およびケーブルの被覆材料。
トし難く、ABS等の他の樹脂へ成分が移行し難く、難燃性が高く、且つ柔軟性が高いという性質を同時に満たすことができる。
[(B1−B2)k]m−X 、[(B1−B2)k−B1]m−X
Xは例えば四塩化ケイ素、四塩化スズ、エポキシ化大豆油、ポリハロゲン化炭化水素化合物、カルボン酸エステル化合物、ポリビニル化合物、ビスフェノール型エポキシ化合物、アルコキシシラン化合物、ハロゲン化シラン化合物、エステル系化合物等のカップリング剤の残基又は多官能有機リチウム化合物等の開始剤の残基を示す。n、k及びmは、1以上の整数、一般的には1〜5である。また、上記一般式で示される構造体が任意に組み合わされてもよい。
アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル等の不飽和ニトリル化合物類;
無水マレイン酸等の酸無水物等が挙げられる。
R3は直鎖状のまたは枝分かれしたC1 〜C10−アルキレン、C6〜C10−アリーレン、−アルキルアリーレンまたは−アリールアルキレンであり;
MはMg、Ca、Al、Sb、Sn、Ge、Ti、Fe、Zr、Ce、Bi、Sr、Mn、Li、Na、Kおよび/またはプロトン化窒素塩基であり;
mは1〜4であり;
nは1〜4であり;および
xは1〜4である。]
このなかでも、入手が容易という点で、亜鉛塩、アルミニウム塩、チタン塩、ジルコニウム塩、鉄塩からなる群から選ばれるいずれか1種が好ましい。入手性の点でアルミニウム塩がより好ましい。
ナフテン油、パラフィン油等の炭化水素油、液状共役ジエン、液状アクリルニトリル−ブタジエン共重合体、液状スチレン−ブタジエン共重合体、液状ポリブテン、セバチン酸エステル、フタル酸エステル;
酸化鉄等の金属酸化物の顔料;
ステアリン酸、ベヘニン酸、ステアリン酸亜鉛、ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、エチレンビスステアロアミド等の滑剤;
離型剤;
有機ポリシロキサン;
ヒンダードフェノール系酸化防止剤、リン系熱安定剤等の酸化防止剤;
ヒンダードアミン系光安定剤;
ベンゾトリアゾール系紫外線吸収剤、リン系以外の難燃剤、難燃助剤、帯電防止剤;
有機繊維、ガラス繊維、カーボンブラック、炭素繊維;
金属ウィスカ等の補強剤、着色剤などがある。
(1)樹脂物性の評価
(1−1)結合単位含有量
スチレン単量体単位、ブタジエンの1,4−結合単位および1,2−結合単位、エチレン単位あるいはブチレン単位量は、下記条件にて核磁気共鳴スペクトル解析(NMR)により測定した。
測定機器:JNM−LA400(JEOL製、商品名)、
溶媒:重水素化クロロホルム
サンプル濃度:50mg/ml、
観測周波数:400MHz、
化学シフト基準:TMS(テトラメチルシラン)、
パルスディレイ:2.904秒、
スキャン回数:64回、
パルス幅:45°、
測定温度:26℃
(1−2)スチレン重合体ブロック含有量
スチレン重合体ブロック含有量は、未水添の共重合体を用いて、I.M.Kolthoff,etal.,J.Polym.Sci.1,429(1946)に記載の四酸化オスミウム分解法で測定した。未水添の共重合体の分解にはオスミウム酸の0.1g/125ml第3級ブタノール溶液を用いた。
下記条件にてポリスチレン換算分子量として重量平均分子量(Mw)、数平均分子量(Mn)および分子量分布(Mw/Mn)を算出した。
装置:LC-10(島津製作所製、商品名)、
カラム:TSKgelGMHXL(内径4.6mm×30cm)2本
オーブン温度:40℃、
溶媒:テトラヒドロフラン(1.0ml/min)
下記条件にて粘弾性スペクトルを測定することにより求めた。
装置:粘弾性測定解析装置(型式DVE-V4、レオロジー社製)
ひずみ:0.1%、
周波数:1Hz
(2−1)ポリフェニレンエーテル(A)
ポリフェニレンエーテル:ポリ(2,6-ジメチルー1,4-フェニレン)エーテルパウダー(旭化成ケミカルズ(株)製)を用いた。
(2−2)ビニル芳香族単量体単位および共役ジエン単量体単位を主体とする水添共重合体(B)の製造
(2−2−1)水添触媒の調製
ビニル芳香族単量体単位および共役ジエン単量体単位を主体とする共重合体の水素添加反応に用いた水素添加触媒は下記の方法で調製した。
窒素置換した反応容器に乾燥、精製したシクロヘキサン1リットルを仕込み、ビスシクロペンタジエニルチタニウムジクロリド100ミリモルを添加し、十分に攪拌しながらトリメチルアルミニウム200ミリモルを含むn-ヘキサン溶液を添加して、室温にて約3日間反応させた。
内容積が10Lの攪拌装置及びジャケット付き槽型反応器を使用してバッチ重合を行った。はじめに、シクロヘキサン6.4L、スチレン150gを加え、予めN,N,N’,N’−テトラメチルエチレンジアミン(TMEDA)を後述するn-ブチルリチウムのLiモル数の0.35倍モルになるように添加し、n−ブチルリチウムのLiのモル数が13.0ミリモルとなるように添加した。初期温度65℃で重合し、重合終了後、ブタジエン430gとスチレン420gを含有するシクロヘキサン溶液(モノマー濃度22wt%)を60分間かけて一定速度で連続的に反応器に供給した。該重合終了後、安息香酸エチルをn-ブチルリチウムのLiモル数の0.65倍モルになるように添加して共重合体を得た。
(2−2−3)水添共重合体(2)の製造
内容積が10Lの攪拌装置及びジャケット付き槽型反応器を使用してバッチ重合を行った。はじめに、シクロヘキサン6.4L、スチレン80gを加え、予めTMEDAを後述するn-ブチルリチウムのLiモル数の0.25倍モルになるように添加し、n−ブチルリチウムのLiのモル数として10ミリモルとなるように添加した。初期温度65℃で重合し、重合終了後、ブタジエン490gとスチレン360gを含有するシクロヘキサン溶液(モノマー濃度22wt%)を60分間かけて一定速度で連続的に反応器に供給した。該重合終了後、スチレン70gを含有するシクロヘキサン溶液(モノマー濃度22wt%)を10分間かけて添加して共重合体を得た。
スチレン樹脂:ポリスチレン(グレード名:PS1、旭化成製、商品名)
オレフィン樹脂:ポリプロピレン(グレード名:SA510、日本ポリオレフィン製、商品名)
(2−4)成分(D)のホスフィン酸金属塩
ホスフィン酸アルミニウム(グレード名:エクソリットOP930、クラリアント社製、商品名)
(2−5)成分(E)
リン酸エステル:
(E)−1:CR-733(レゾルシン-ビス(ジフェニルホスフェート)、大八化学製、商品名)
(E)−2:CR-741(ビスフェノールA-ビス(ジフェニルホスフェート)、大八化学製、商品名)
ポリリン酸メラミン:
(E)−3:MELAPUR200/70(チバ・スペシャリティ・ケミカルズ製、商品名)
(2−6)その他
可塑剤:パラフィンオイルPW90(出光化学製、商品名)
表1に示す割合で各成分を仕込み、30mmφ2軸押出機を用いて混練温度260℃、回転数250rpmにて溶融混合して、ペレットとして樹脂組成物を得た。
得られたペレットを用いて、温度280℃、線速度200m/分あるいは150m/分で銅線1.2φmm、外径2φmmの被覆電線を作成した。
(4−1)押出成型性
(3)で得られた被覆電線の表面の滑らかさを目視で評価した。
<評価基準>
◇:線速度200m/分で製造した被覆電線の表面が非常に滑らかで凹凸がないもの
○:線速度150m/分で製造した被覆電線の表面が非常に滑らかで凹凸がないもの
×:線速度150m/分で製造した被覆電線の表面が粗面化し、凹凸あるもの
(4−2)耐ブリード性
サンプル(3)で得られたペレットのプレス成型体(圧力100kg/cm2、厚み1mm)
該サンプルを5℃、20℃および40℃で、1週間放置後、成型体表面を観察した。
<評価基準>
○:どの温度でも難燃剤がブリードしていないもの
×:いずれかの温度でブリードしたもの
(4−3)ABS等の他の樹脂への耐成分移行性
サンプル:(4−2)で得られたペレットのプレス成型体サンプル(2.5×50×厚み2.0mm)
ABS樹脂の射出成型体上に、該サンプルを重ね、荷重1kg下、60℃48h後の接触部のABS面を目視で観察した。
<評価基準>
○:外観上、変化していないもの
×:外観上、液状成分がABS表面に付着しているもの
(4−4)難燃性
サンプル:(3)で得られた被覆電線(銅線1.2φmm、外径2φmm)
UL1581に準じたVW-1燃焼性試験を行った。
<評価基準>
◇:30秒以内に火が消えたもの
○:60秒以内に火が消えたもの
×:VW−1燃焼試験で不合格なもの
(4−5)柔軟性
サンプル:(3)で得られたペレットの成形体(厚み2mm)
該サンプルの引張測定(JIS K6251、引張速度500cm/分)を行い、柔軟性の指標とした。100%引張時の強度が、350kg/cm2以下が柔軟でよい。
<評価基準>
◇:100%引張時の強度が100kg/cm2以下
○:100%引張時の強度が100kg/cm2を超え200kg/cm2以下
△:100%引張時の強度が200kg/cm2を超え350kg/cm2以下
×:100%引張時の強度が350kg/cm2を超えたもの
実施例1〜7、比較例1〜4の評価試験結果を表1に記載する。
成分(A)ポリフェニレンエーテル10wt%以上45wt%未満、成分(B)ビニル芳香族単量体単位および共役ジエン単量体単位を主体とする水添共重合体20wt%以上、成分(C)スチレン樹脂および/またはオレフィン樹脂0wt%以上、成分(D)ホスフィン酸金属塩2wt%以上を含むことで、はじめて、高い生産性、高い耐ブリード性、ABSへの高い耐成分移行性、高い難燃性および高い柔軟性を達成できることが分かる。
Claims (10)
- 成分(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)の合計量に対し、成分(A)ポリフェニレンエーテルの含有量(〈A〉)が10wt%以上45wt%未満、成分(B)ビニル芳香族単量体単位および共役ジエン単量体単位を主体とする水添共重合体の含有量(〈B〉)が20wt%以上85wt%以下、成分(C)スチレン樹脂および/またはオレフィン樹脂の含有量(〈C〉)が0wt%以上、成分(D)ホスフィン酸金属塩の含有量(〈D〉)が2wt%以上20wt%以下である成分(A)、(B)、(C)、(D)を含む樹脂組成物。
- 成分(C)がスチレン樹脂で、且つ〈C〉が3wt%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 成分(B)が、ビニル芳香族単量体単位を主体とする重合体ブロック(B1)及びビニル芳香族単量体単位および共役ジエン単量体単位を主体とする水添共重合体ブロック(B2)を有し、且つ(B2)中のビニル芳香族単量体単位が、20wt%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1あるいは2に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 成分(B)中のビニル芳香族単量体単位が、35wt%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物。
- 成分(A)、(B)の含有量が、下記式を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物。
〈B〉>〈A〉・・・(式1) - 成分(A)、(B)の含有量が、下記式を満たすことを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物。
〈B〉>1.5×〈A〉・・・(式2) - JIS K6253に準拠して測定したショアーA硬度が、95°以下の請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物。
- 更に成分(E)ホスフィン酸金属塩以外のリン系難燃剤として、窒素基含有化合物を含有することを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物。
- 成分(E)として、ポリリン酸メラミンを含有することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の樹脂組成物からなる電線およびケーブルの被覆材料。
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KR100665802B1 (ko) * | 2004-12-30 | 2007-01-09 | 제일모직주식회사 | 난연성 스티렌계 수지 조성물 |
JP2006212645A (ja) | 2005-02-01 | 2006-08-17 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | ピアサーへの芯金・プラグ循環供給設備及び方法 |
JP2006225477A (ja) | 2005-02-16 | 2006-08-31 | Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corp | 難燃性樹脂組成物 |
DE102005016195A1 (de) | 2005-04-08 | 2006-10-12 | Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh | Stabilisiertes Flammschutzmittel |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8093378B2 (en) | 2006-04-28 | 2012-01-10 | Kaneka Corporation | Crystallization method for intermediates of carbapenem antibiotics |
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