JP4322518B2 - Elevator safety device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an elevator safety device that makes an emergency stop of a car or the like when a moving speed of the car or the like reaches a preset overspeed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The elevator car descending speed is stipulated in Article 129-7 of the Building Standard Law Enforcement Order. Based on such regulations, a safety device is provided that automatically stops the descent of the car when the car descending speed exceeds a prescribed value.
[0003]
A conventional elevator safety device includes a governor rope provided in a machine room or a hoistway, a governor rope that is wound around the governor rope and moves in the hoistway as the car is raised and lowered, and a car Emergency stop means provided by an emergency stop of the governor rope. When the governor detects that the elevator car's lifting speed has reached a certain value or more, the governor stops the governor rope from moving. Then, the emergency stop means is actuated by the stop of the governor rope, and the car is suddenly stopped (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-8-119555, page 1, FIG.
[0005]
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-8-26625, page 1, FIG.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional safety device as described above, since a speed governor for detecting the raising / lowering speed of the car is installed in the machine room or the hoistway, it is necessary to secure an installation space in the machine room or the like.
[0007]
In addition, the conventional safety device requires a governor rope to connect the governor to the car, so the longer the hoistway is, the longer the governor rope will be. The strength of the governor rope itself and the governor rope It is necessary to consider the strength of the installation side. That is, it is necessary to change the governor rope itself or the structure on the installation side of the governor rope depending on the length of the lifting / lowering stroke, and the installation work becomes troublesome.
[0008]
Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can save space in a machine room and a hoistway and can be installed in the same installation work regardless of the length of the hoisting process. The purpose is to provide.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention provides a permanent magnet provided in a hoistway and arranged along a hoisting direction, and a dielectric conductor provided in an elevating body that moves up and down in the hoistway and arranged in a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet. If the magnitude of the alternating current generated in the dielectric conductor accompanying the raising and lowering of the lifting body is within a certain value, the alternating current is converted into a direct current. The abnormal speed detecting means for converting the alternating current into a direct current when the magnitude of the alternating current generated in the dielectric conductor exceeds a certain value, and the emergency current by the direct current converted by the abnormal speed detecting means. And a drive unit for driving the stop means .
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, details of an elevator safety device according to the present invention will be described based on embodiments shown in the drawings.
[0012]
(First embodiment)
1 to 3 show a first embodiment to which a safety device of the present invention is applied. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram in the vicinity of an elevator car, FIG. 2 is a perspective view in the vicinity of a dielectric conductor on the car side, and FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a drive unit.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 1, the hoistway 1 is provided with a primary permanent magnet (permanent magnet) 3 along with a pair of guide rails 2a and 2b along the elevating direction A. The primary permanent magnet 3 is alternately magnetized with N and S poles along the up and down direction A. The magnetized surface is a surface facing a secondary permanent magnet 5 described later.
[0014]
The elevator car 4 that is an elevator is raised and lowered along the raising / lowering direction A while being guided by the pair of guide rails 2a and 2b by the raising / lowering force of the drive mechanism (not shown) in the hoistway 1. The car 4 is provided with a secondary permanent magnet 5 and a dielectric conductor 6.
[0015]
The secondary permanent magnet 5 is disposed at a position close to the primary permanent magnet 3 described above. The secondary permanent magnet 5 is magnetized to a single N pole. The magnetized surface is a surface facing the primary permanent magnet 3. As shown in FIG. 2, the dielectric conductor 6 is routed so as to surround the secondary permanent magnet 5 in the horizontal direction, and a part of the dielectric conductor 6 is disposed in a space between the primary permanent magnet 3 and the secondary permanent magnet 5. Has been placed. That is, it is arranged in the magnetic field of the primary permanent magnet 3 and the secondary permanent magnet 5.
[0016]
Both ends of the dielectric conductor 6 are connected to two electric wires 7 as shown in FIG. The other end of each electric wire 7 is connected to an AC / DC converter 8 which is an abnormal speed detecting means. The AC / DC converter 8 is supplied with alternating current generated in the dielectric conductor 6 by electromagnetic induction.
[0017]
The AC / DC converter 8 stores in advance the value of the alternating current generated in the dielectric conductor 6 when the car 4 is moved up and down at the rated speed. The alternating current is converted into a direct current only when the alternating current generated in the dielectric conductor 6 exceeds a previously stored current value, that is, when the car 4 moves up and down beyond a certain speed. The AC / DC converter 8 supplies a direct current to each of the four driving units 10 provided at the upper and lower ends of the car 4 and in the vicinity of the left and right positions via the electric wires 9.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 3, each drive unit 10 has a coil unit 10a to which a direct current from the AC / DC converter 8 is energized, and generates a magnetic field in the coil unit 10a when the direct current is energized. .
[0019]
The emergency stop means 11 is provided in the vicinity of the four drive units 10, that is, at the upper and lower ends of the car 4, and in the vicinity of the guide rails 2a and 2b at the left and right positions. Each emergency stop means 11 has a pressing rod portion 11a that is partially disposed in the coil portion 10a of the driving portion 10 and formed of a ferromagnetic material. The pressing rod portion 11a is configured to press the guide rails 2a and 2b by electromagnetic force generated by energization of the coil portion 10a.
[0020]
Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. When the car 4 moves up and down, the dielectric conductor 6 moves in the magnetic field of the primary permanent magnet 3 and the secondary permanent magnet 5. The dielectric conductor 6 alternately crosses the total magnetic field of the primary permanent magnet 3 and the secondary permanent magnet 5, specifically, the magnetic field between the N pole and the N pole and the magnetic field between the N pole and the S pole, An alternating current corresponding to the speed of traversing (the moving speed of the car) is generated by electromagnetic induction (Fleming's right-hand rule). The alternating current due to the induced current is supplied to the AC / DC converter 8.
[0021]
The AC / DC converter 8 does not convert the alternating current into direct current if the magnitude of the alternating current is within a certain value, that is, if the raising / lowering speed of the car 4 is within the rated speed. However, when the magnitude of the alternating current exceeds a certain value, that is, when the raising / lowering speed of the car 4 exceeds the rated speed, the alternating current is converted into a direct current, and the converted direct current is output to each drive unit 10. To do. In each drive unit 10, a direct current is applied to the coil unit 10a, and the energization of the coil unit 10a activates the pressing rod unit 11a of each emergency stop means 11 to be pressed against the guide rails 2a and 2b. Then, the car 4 is gradually decelerated by the frictional force between the guide rails 2a, 2b and the pressing rod portion 11a. As a result, the car 4 is brought to an emergency stop.
[0022]
As described above, since the AC / DC converter 8 serving as the abnormal speed detecting means is provided in the car 4, there is no need to install means for detecting the speed of the car 4 in the machine room (not shown) or the hoistway 1. Space saving of the machine room (not shown) and the hoistway 1 can be achieved.
[0023]
A primary permanent magnet 3 is disposed along the lifting direction A on the hoistway 1 side. The primary permanent magnet 3 may be arranged with the same physical properties regardless of the length of the hoistway 1 and in the same installation state. Therefore, it can be installed with the same installation work regardless of the length of the lifting stroke.
[0024]
In the first embodiment, when the AC / DC converter 8 detects a speed exceeding a certain value, the driving unit 10 that drives the emergency stop means 11 by the current obtained from the dielectric conductor 6 by electromagnetic induction is provided. . Accordingly, each drive unit 10 can be operated without supplying power from the outside, thereby saving power. Further, the drive unit 10 can be reliably driven without a backup power source even when the supply of commercial power is stopped.
[0025]
(Second Embodiment)
4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a block diagram of the vicinity of the elevator car, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the drive unit.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 4, the second embodiment has only a single drive unit 20 as compared with the first embodiment. And it has the link mechanism 21 driven by this single drive part 20, and the four emergency stop means 22 are driven by this link mechanism 21.
[0027]
As shown in detail in FIG. 5, the single drive unit 20 has a pair of upper and lower coil portions 20a and 20b, and a direct current from the AC / DC converter 8 is energized to each of the coil portions 20a and 20b. Is done. When a direct current is applied, a magnetic field is generated in each of the coil portions 20a and 20b.
[0028]
The link mechanism 21 has an upper vertical link member 21a formed of a ferromagnetic material and a lower vertical link 21b also formed of a ferromagnetic material, and one end side of each of the vertical link members 21a and 21b is each The coil portions 20a and 20b are inserted respectively. As shown in FIG. 4, the other end of each vertical link member 21a, 21b is connected to four upper and lower horizontal link members 21d, 21e via support pins 21c. The four horizontal members 21d and 21e are connected to the car frame 23 via pins 21g whose ends are connected via pins 21f and movable left and right at substantially the center positions of the link members 21d and 21e. Has been. That is, each of the four horizontal link members 21d and 21e has a substantial length that varies depending on the connection angle.
[0029]
The four emergency stop means 22 have pressing rod portions 22a arranged at positions close to the guide rails 2a and 2b. Each pressing rod portion 22a is connected to the left and right ends of each of the four horizontal link members 21d and 21e.
[0030]
One guide rail 2a is alternately magnetized with N poles and S poles along the up-and-down direction A. That is, one guide rail 2a also serves as a primary permanent magnet, and the dielectric conductor 6 on the car 4 side is disposed in the vicinity of one guide rail 2a.
[0031]
Since the configuration other than the above is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same components and the description thereof is omitted.
[0032]
In this second embodiment, when the magnitude of the alternating current exceeds a certain value, that is, when the raising / lowering speed of the car 4 exceeds the rated speed, the AC / DC converter 8 generates a single direct current. It is output to the drive unit 20. Then, a direct current is applied to the two coil portions 20a and 20b of the drive unit 20, and the upper vertical link member 21a is moved upward and the lower vertical link member 21b is moved downward by energization of the coil portions 20a and 20b. It moves by force, and the upper four horizontal links 21d and the lower four horizontal link members 21e are shifted in the direction of increasing the substantial length thereof, and the pressing rods 22a are pressed against the guide rails 2a and 2b. Then, the car 4 is gradually decelerated by the frictional force between the guide rails 2a and 2b and the pressing rod 22a. As a result, the car 4 is brought to an emergency stop.
[0033]
As mentioned above, in the said 2nd Embodiment, the operation side of the link mechanism 21 can be collected in one place, and the four emergency stop means 22 can be driven by the single drive part 20. FIG. Therefore, the drive unit 20 may be provided at one place, which simplifies the safety device. In the second embodiment, the emergency stop means 22 is provided at four locations on the left and right sides of the upper and lower ends of the car 4. The position and number of the emergency stop means 22 are appropriately determined according to the installed state of the elevator.
[0034]
In the second embodiment, the guide rail 2a also serves as a primary permanent magnet. Therefore, it is not necessary to secure a space for the primary permanent magnet itself in the hoistway 1 and the hoistway space can be reduced.
[0035]
(Third embodiment)
6 and 7 show a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the vicinity of the elevator car, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.
[0036]
In the third embodiment, the configurations of the drive unit 30 and the emergency stop means 31 are different from those in the first embodiment.
[0037]
As shown in detail in FIG. 7, the drive unit 30 includes a pair of left and right coil portions 30a and 30b through which current obtained by electromagnetic induction is energized, and electromagnetic force is applied upward by energization of the coil portions 30a and 30b. It has a pair of piston parts 30c and 30d which are displaced.
[0038]
The emergency stop means 31 is a wedge holding block portion 31a disposed so as to cover the guide rails 2a and 2b at a position above the drive portion 30, and is movable in the vertical direction within the wedge holding block portion 31a. The upper movement includes a pair of left and right wedge members 31b and 31c set in the direction of biting into the guide rails 2a and 2b. Each wedge member 31b, 31c is disposed in the vicinity of the position directly above each piston portion 30c, 30d.
[0039]
Since the configuration other than the above is the same as the configuration of the first embodiment described above, the same reference numerals are given to the same components and the description thereof is omitted.
[0040]
In the third embodiment, when the magnitude of the alternating current exceeds a certain value, that is, when the raising / lowering speed of the car 4 exceeds the rated speed, the AC / DC converter 8 causes four direct currents to be generated. It is output to the drive unit 30. Then, a direct current is applied to the pair of coil portions 30a, 30b of each drive unit 30, and the pair of piston portions 30c, 30d move upward through the pair of wedge members 31b, 31c by energizing the coil portions 30a, 30b. Press to. The pair of wedge members 31b and 31c displaced upwards bite into the guide rails 2a and 2b. And since the descending direction of the car 4 becomes the biting direction of the wedge members 31b, 31c, the car 4 is surely urgently stopped by the wedge effect.
[0041]
Although the first to third embodiments have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these, and various design changes accompanying the gist of the configuration are possible.
[0042]
For example, in the third embodiment, the emergency stop means 31 are provided at the left and right four locations on the upper and lower ends of the car 4, but the position and number thereof are appropriately determined according to the installed state of the elevator and the like.
[0043]
In the first to third embodiments, the lifting body is the car 4, but it may be a counterweight.
[0044]
Further, in the first to third embodiments, since a current due to electromagnetic induction is always generated in the guiding conductor 6 while the car 4 is moving, a battery for storing the power generated by the guiding conductor 6 is provided. The electric power stored in the battery may be used as an emergency power source (emergency lighting, etc.) when the supply of commercial power is stopped.
[0045]
In the first to third embodiments, the secondary permanent magnet 5 is magnetized to a single N pole, but may be magnetized to a single S pole. Further, only the dielectric conductor 5 may be provided on the car 4 side without providing the secondary permanent magnet 5.
[0046]
Furthermore, in the said 1st-3rd embodiment, although the primary side permanent magnet 3 is alternately arrange | positioned in the raising / lowering direction A, the north-pole and the south pole are N poles over the whole area of the raising / lowering direction A Or only the S pole may be arranged. In this case, a direct current is induced on the dielectric conductor 5.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, since the dielectric conductor, the emergency stop means, and the drive unit are provided in the lifting body, it is necessary to install a means for detecting the speed of the lifting body in the machine room or the hoistway. In addition, the space for the machine room and hoistway can be saved. In addition, a permanent magnet is disposed on the hoistway side along the hoisting direction, and the permanent magnet may have the same physical properties regardless of the length of the hoistway in the same installation state. Therefore, it can be installed with the same installation work regardless of the length of the lifting stroke. For this reason, the safety device of this elevator can be easily adapted to increase in the height of buildings.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram in the vicinity of an elevator car showing a first embodiment of an elevator safety device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the vicinity of a car-side dielectric conductor showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a drive unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram in the vicinity of an elevator car showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a drive unit according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram in the vicinity of an elevator car showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 6, showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hoistway 2a, 2b Guide rail 3 Primary permanent magnet (permanent magnet)
4 Car 5 Secondary permanent magnet 6 Dielectric conductor 7 Electric wire 8 AC / DC converter (abnormal speed detection means)
9 Electric wire 10 Drive part 10a Coil part 11 Emergency stop means 11a Press rod part 20 Drive part 20a, 20b Coil part 21 Link mechanism 22 Emergency stop means 22a Press rod part 23 Car frame 30 Drive part 30a, 30b Coil part 30c, 30d Piston Part 31 emergency stop means 31a wedge holding block parts 31b, 31c wedge member A ascending and descending direction

Claims (3)

A permanent magnet provided in the hoistway and arranged along the elevating direction;
A dielectric conductor disposed in a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet, provided on a lifting body that moves up and down in the hoistway;
Emergency stop means provided on the lifting body;
If the magnitude of the alternating current generated in the dielectric conductor accompanying the raising and lowering of the lifting body is within a certain value, the alternating current is not converted into a direct current, but the magnitude of the alternating current generated in the dielectric conductor An abnormal speed detecting means for converting alternating current into direct current when the value exceeds a certain value;
A drive section for driving the emergency stop means by a direct current converted by the abnormal speed detection means;
An elevator safety device characterized by comprising: The elevator safety device according to claim 1 ,
The emergency stop means is provided at a plurality of locations of the elevating body, has a link mechanism that drives the emergency stop means at the plurality of locations together, and the drive section drives the link mechanism. Safety equipment. The elevator safety device according to claim 1 ,
The emergency stop means is provided at a plurality of locations of the elevating body, and each emergency stop means has a wedge member whose upward movement is set in the direction of biting into the rail, and the wedge member is An elevator safety device, wherein a drive unit is driven.

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