JP4306877B2 - Manufacturing method of glass plate having irregularities on surface - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a glass plate having irregularities on the surface. Moreover, this invention relates to the manufacturing method of the glass plate which has an unevenness | corrugation on one surface, and was equipped with the thin film on the other surface.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a glass plate manufacturing method generally called a “float method”, first, a glass material melted in a tank kiln (float kiln) is supplied to a tin float bath (float bath). The glass dough supplied to the float bath as a fluid spreads over a tin bath having a specific gravity greater than that of glass in the bath and is formed into a glass ribbon. The thickness of the glass ribbon is adjusted while proceeding in the float bath, and the glass ribbon is cooled to have a viscosity that can be taken out of the bath. The cooled glass ribbon is pulled up from the float bath, conveyed to a slow cooling furnace, gradually cooled, and then cut into glass plates of a predetermined size. The float method is widely used as a method capable of mass-producing a glass plate having a pair of smooth and parallel surfaces at low cost.
[0003]
For the purpose of reducing reflection from the glass surface, irregularities may be formed on the glass surface. Such a glass plate is usually obtained by processing a smooth surface by a float process using physical and chemical techniques. As a physical method, a sandblast method is known, and as a chemical method, etching using hydrofluoric acid is known. These methods are exclusively performed as processing (offline processing) performed on a glass plate obtained by cutting a glass ribbon on a line different from the glass plate production line.
[0004]
Apart from the float process, a method of rolling and forming molten glass with a pair of upper and lower rolls is also widely used as a manufacturing method for architectural template glass and netted plate glass. In this manufacturing method, the pattern of the template glass (surface irregularities) is formed without off-line processing by continuously transferring the engraved pattern on one roll.
[0005]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-178514 discloses a method of conveying a glass ribbon rolled by a roll onto a tin bath as a form belonging to a production method using a roll. In this method, the glass plate on which the tin bath is rolled out is supported so that the locally thinned portion due to the formation of the pattern does not hang down from the other portions.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, conventionally, as a method for producing a glass plate having irregularities on the surface, a method of rolling using a roll and a method of off-line processing a glass plate produced by a float method have been used. However, in the former method, the thickness of the glass plate that can be produced is limited. Moreover, since the surface is rolled and formed by a roll, it is impossible to form irregularities on the other surface while keeping the surface excellent in smoothness on one side. On the other hand, the latter method involves a problem in manufacturing efficiency because it involves off-line processing.
[0007]
Then, this invention aims at providing the method of manufacturing efficiently the glass plate which has an unevenness | corrugation on the surface by using the processing method of the glass surface suitable for the glass plate manufacturing line by a float glass process.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, a manufacturing method of the glass plate of the present invention, the molten glass material a process for producing a glass plate by a float process of shaping into a glass ribbon on the metal bath, the glass ribbon Bubbles generated from the metal bath by supplying gas into the metal bath from a heat-resistant tube having a hollow structure disposed in the metal bath so as to cross the lower side are formed on the metal bath side of the glass ribbon. By contacting the surface, irregularities are continuously formed on the surface.
[0009]
Above SL Manufacturing method, it is preferable to viscosity contacting the bubbles below the glass ribbon 10 ³ poise or more 10 ⁶ poises.
[0010]
According to this invention, the glass plate which has an unevenness | corrugation on the surface can be efficiently manufactured by the float glass process. Moreover, the surface which does not form an unevenness | corrugation can also be obtained as a surface excellent in smoothness.
[0011]
Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for producing a glass plate with a thin film having irregularities on one surface and a thin film formed on the other surface on a glass plate production line by a float method without accompanying off-line processing. provide. That is, that this method, which includes the above SL Manufacturing method, a step of forming irregularities on the surface of the metal bath side of the glass ribbon, and forming a thin film on the surface of the opposite side of the glass ribbon and the surface It is characterized by. Before and after the step of forming the unevenness and the step of forming the thin film are not particularly limited as long as they are on the same glass plate production line. The formation of the irregularities, may be used in combination with the method described in the reference form, which will be described later on SL Manufacturing method.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an embodiment of an apparatus that can be used in the practice of the present invention. This apparatus is similar to a conventional glass plate manufacturing apparatus using the float method, and includes a float kiln 1 that melts a glass raw material that has been charged, and a float that receives the melted glass dough from the float kiln and forms it into a glass ribbon having a predetermined thickness. A bath 2 and a slow cooling furnace 3 for gradually cooling the glass ribbon 10 pulled up from the float bath are arranged, and further, a glass ribbon cutting device and a plate-drawing device (not shown) are arranged on the downstream side of the glass ribbon conveyance.
[0013]
However, in this apparatus, the heat-resistant tube 9 is immersed in the tin bath 5 of the float bath 2. The heat-resistant tube 9 is inserted to supply gas or a gas generation source to the tin bath 5, and is disposed in the tin bath 5 so as to cross the lower part of the glass ribbon 10. The heat-resistant tube 9 is manufactured using a durable material that can be used in the tin bath 5 for a long period of time. As long as it has such characteristics, the constituent material of the heat-resistant tube is not particularly limited. For example, (porous) alumina, zirconia brick, carbon, and thin film-coated alumina can be used. More specifically, a porous tube obtained by sintering alumina can be used as the heat-resistant tube.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 2, the heat pipe 9 has a middle empty structure, gas fed through the hollow portion, released into the tin bath 5 through pores not shown provided in the tube wall The The gas released into the tin bath becomes bubbles 11 and rises in the tin bath, and reaches the tin bath contact surface (bottom surface) 10 b of the glass ribbon 10. Then, due to the contact with the bubbles 11, fine irregularities are generated on the bottom surface 10b. Since the glass ribbon 10 is conveyed at a predetermined speed, the bottom surface 10b is continuously formed with irregularities by the generation of bubbles at a predetermined position.
[0015]
The gas supplied to the heat-resistant tube 9 is not particularly limited, but considering that the inside of the float bath 2 is normally maintained in a nitrogen atmosphere containing a small amount of hydrogen, for example, a non-oxidizing gas such as helium or argon Various inert gases such as nitrogen, nitrogen, hydrogen and the like are suitable.
[0016]
The tin bath may be supplied with a material that is heated to become a gas or generates a gas by reaction with tin. Examples of such a material include iron, silicon carbide, and various refractories. These gas source materials are preferably used by being supported by a heat-resistant material as exemplified above and immersed in a tin bath. Specifically, a method in which granular iron is put in a carbon cage and immersed in a tin bath can be mentioned.
[0017]
The position of the heat-resistant tube 9 in the tin bath 5 is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is achieved, but is within a range in which bubbles can be supplied to the glass ribbon 10 having a viscosity of 10 ³ to 10 ⁶ poise. It is preferable.
[0018]
As one example of this embodiment, the porous alumina tube with an external diameter of 20 mm, at the position where the viscosity of the glass ribbon is 10 ^4.5 poise, was placed in Suzuyoku transverse to the glass ribbon. Nitrogen gas was fed into the porous tube at a flow rate of 50 cm ³ / min to generate nitrogen bubbles having a diameter of about 1 μm to 1 mm from the tin bath, and the diameter was 0.1 μm to 2 mm on the bottom surface of the glass ribbon. A small amount of unevenness could be continuously formed. In addition, the conveyance speed of the glass ribbon at this time was about 7 m / min, and the thickness of the glass ribbon was 6 mm. On the other hand, the tin bath non-contact surface (top surface) 10a of the glass ribbon could be obtained as a highly smooth surface as in the case where bubbles were not generated.
[0019]
One advantage of this embodiment is that the size and shape of the irregularities formed on the surface of the glass ribbon can be easily controlled. Also in the above example, when the flow rate of nitrogen is changed, for example, the uneven distribution can be easily controlled. The shape of the surface irregularities can also be controlled by the position where bubbles are generated (the position of the heat-resistant tube). By controlling these conditions, it was confirmed that surface irregularities having a diameter of approximately 0.1 μm to 5 mm could be formed.
[0020]
( Reference form )
3 is the same as the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in that the float kiln 1, the float bath 2, and the slow cooling furnace 3 are arranged in this order. In this form state rather than foaming in the float bath, by pulling rolls (lift-out roll) 7 to increase the glass ribbon 10 from the float bath 2, unevenness is formed on the bottom surface 10b of the glass ribbon.
[0021]
In order to maintain the smoothness of the surface of the glass ribbon formed in contact with the tin bath on the surface of the lift-out roll 7, the unevenness is usually eliminated as much as possible. However, in this form state, in order to transfer the uneven pattern on the bottom surface 10b of the glass ribbon, a predetermined pattern is engraved on the surface of the lift-out rolls 7.
[0022]
As an example of the shape condition, the surface is constituted by a ceramic coating, using a lift-out roller 7 the diameter of the convex portion has irregularities of 1 m to 5 m, float glass ribbon having a thickness of 6mm at about 7m / min pulling speed It was transported from the bath to a slow cooling furnace. As a result, irregularities having a diameter of about 1 μm to 5 μm could be formed on the bottom surface of the glass ribbon. Also in this case, the glass top surface 10a could be obtained as a highly smooth surface.
[0023]
In order to form the irregularities, for example, a transport roll (rare roll) 8 disposed inside the slow cooling furnace 3 may be used instead of the lift-out roll 7. In addition, by adjusting the rotation speed of the roll, the bottom surface 10b of the glass ribbon and the roll surface may be slid to give the bottom surface stress necessary for the formation of irregularities.
[0024]
As the shape condition, the method of imparting unevenness by a roll which contacts the bottom surface in the glass ribbon conveyed downstream of the float bath, the glass ribbon viscosity of 10 ⁷ to 10 ¹³ poise, contacting the roll It is preferable.
[0025]
(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an embodiment of an apparatus that can be used to implement the present invention. In this apparatus, as in the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, a float kiln 1, a float bath 2, and a slow cooling furnace 3 are sequentially disposed, and a heat resistant tube 9 is disposed in the tin bath of the float bath 2. Further, a coater 6 for forming a film on the top surface 10a of the glass ribbon 10 by a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method) is disposed immediately above the glass ribbon 10 in the float bath 2.
[0026]
From these coaters 6, a mixed gas is supplied as a film forming raw material, and a film is continuously formed on the top surface 10a of the glass ribbon. Further, as shown in the drawing, if a plurality of coaters 6a, 6b, 6c are used, a plurality of layers of films can be continuously laminated. On the other hand, predetermined irregularities are continuously formed on the bottom surface 10b as described in the first embodiment. As a result, according to the present embodiment, in the glass plate production line by the float method, a thin film is formed on the top surface 10a of the glass ribbon, and irregularities are formed on the bottom surface 10b.
[0027]
As an example of the present embodiment, the apparatus having the illustrated configuration is used, and fine irregularities are provided on the bottom surface of the glass ribbon in the same manner as in the first embodiment. On the top surface of the glass ribbon, a tin oxide film, A silicon oxide film and a fluorine-containing tin oxide film were formed in this order. A film forming method will be described below. First, a mixed gas composed of dimethyltin dichloride (steam), oxygen, helium, and nitrogen is supplied from the first coater (the number 6a in FIG. 4) located on the most upstream side, and the film thickness is about 30 nm on the glass ribbon. A tin oxide film was formed. From the second coater (diagram number 6b in FIG. 4), a mixed gas composed of monosilane, ethylene, oxygen and nitrogen was supplied, and a silicon oxide film having a thickness of about 30 nm was formed on the tin oxide film. From the third coater (diagram number 6c in FIG. 4 ), a mixed gas composed of dimethyltin dichloride (steam), oxygen, water vapor, nitrogen and hydrogen fluoride is supplied, and a film thickness of about 720 nm is formed on the silicon oxide film. A fluorine-containing tin oxide film was formed. The glass ribbon was cut into a predetermined size after slow cooling.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 5, the glass plate 20 with a coating thus obtained had a coating 12 formed on a smooth top surface 10a and fine irregularities formed on a bottom surface 10b. The coated glass plate obtained by the above example is a thin film type for forming a photoelectric conversion layer (for example, amorphous silicon film) and a metal film (back electrode) on a fluorine-containing tin oxide film (transparent conductive film). It can be used as a substrate for a solar cell. In this case, the light incident on the photoelectric conversion layer is taken from the bottom surface 10b of the glass plate. In the above example, the bottom surface 10b is provided with fine irregularities and an antireflection effect can be obtained, so that the amount of light incident on the photoelectric conversion layer can be increased.
[0029]
In the above, manufacture of the glass plate with a film | membrane suitable as a board | substrate for thin film type solar cells was demonstrated, However, The film formed in this embodiment is not limited not only in the number of lamination | stacking but in the kind. For example, if a heat ray reflective film is formed as a coating, and a bottom surface having unevenness is arranged on the indoor side and used for a building window, the reflection of light on the indoor side even when the indoor side is not bright enough Is suppressed, and the heat-reflecting glass is easy to see from the inside to the outside. Moreover, if a transparent conductive film is formed as a film and used as a transparent substrate for a flat display using this film as a transparent electrode, an image is easily visually recognized due to the antireflection effect of the bottom surface having irregularities.
[0030]
In the above example, the CVD method is used. However, the method of forming the film is not limited to this, and for example, a spray method of spraying a film forming solution or powder onto the top surface of the glass ribbon may be applied. As a method for forming a film, a method of thermally decomposing a film forming raw material using heat of a glass ribbon, such as a CVD method or a spray method, is suitable.
[0031]
Moreover, the glass plate obtained by this invention can be utilized by itself as a glass plate which has an antireflection effect and an anti-glare effect, even if it does not form a thin film. Moreover, it can also be used as a non-transparent window glass while having translucency like a template glass.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, by using a glass surface processing method suitable for a glass plate production line by a float method, a glass plate having irregularities on the surface can be efficiently produced without off-line processing. Can be manufactured.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a float bath of the apparatus shown in FIG.
3 is a diagram showing a configuration of equipment for implementing the reference form.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration of another embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a coated glass plate manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Float kiln 2 Float bath 3 Slow cooling furnace 5 Tin bath 6 Coater 7 Lift-out roll 8 Rear roll 9 Heat-resistant tube 10 Glass ribbon 10a Top surface 10b Bottom surface 11 Bubble 12 Coating

Claims (3)

A method of manufacturing a glass plate by a float method in which a molten glass raw material is formed into a glass ribbon on a metal bath, from a heat-resistant tube having a hollow structure arranged in the metal bath so as to cross the lower side of the glass ribbon Forming irregularities on the surface continuously by bringing bubbles generated from the metal bath by supplying gas into the metal bath and contacting the surface of the glass ribbon on the metal bath side. The manufacturing method of the glass plate characterized. The method for producing a glass plate according to claim 1, wherein bubbles are brought into contact with a glass ribbon having a viscosity of 10 ³ poise or more and 10 ⁶ poise or less. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a step of forming irregularities on the surface of the metal bath side of the glass ribbon, and forming a thin film on the surface of the opposite side of the glass ribbon and the surface A method for producing a glass plate.

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