JP4301076B2 - Cement composition - Google Patents
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- JP4301076B2 JP4301076B2 JP2004143956A JP2004143956A JP4301076B2 JP 4301076 B2 JP4301076 B2 JP 4301076B2 JP 2004143956 A JP2004143956 A JP 2004143956A JP 2004143956 A JP2004143956 A JP 2004143956A JP 4301076 B2 JP4301076 B2 JP 4301076B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Description
本発明は、初期強度の高いセメント二次製品を与えるセメント組成物と、それを使用して高い初期強度を有する硬化体を製造する方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a cement composition that gives a cement secondary product having a high initial strength, and a method for producing a cured body having a high initial strength by using the cement composition.
セメントボード、コンクリート二次製品等のセメント二次製品は、混練、成形、前養生、蒸気養生、仕上げ工程を経て製造されるが、生産速度の向上、エネルギーコストの削減のために、前養生と蒸気養生時間の短縮が大きな課題の一つとなっている。蒸気養生時間については、セメントの初期水和反応性を向上させることがその短縮に有効な方法であることから種々の方法が検討されているが、中でも、セメント中のせっこう量を増すことがその最も有力な方法の一つであり、これ迄に多くの研究が為されている。例えば、特許文献1には、混合セメントにせっこうをSO3 換算で2.1重量%添加することで、蒸気養生後の圧縮強度が増大することが報告されている。同様な報告は昭和48年にも既に見られ、高炉セメントから調製した硬化体の蒸気養生後の圧縮強度がせっこう量に依存することが報告されている(非特許文献1を参照)。 Cement secondary products such as cement board and concrete secondary products are manufactured through kneading, molding, pre-curing, steam curing, and finishing processes, but in order to improve production speed and reduce energy costs, Shortening the steam curing time is one of the major issues. Various methods have been studied for improving the initial hydration reactivity of cement, as it is effective for shortening the steam curing time. Among them, the amount of gypsum in cement can be increased. It is one of the most powerful methods, and much research has been done so far. For example, Patent Literature 1 reports that the compressive strength after steam curing is increased by adding 2.1 wt% of gypsum to the mixed cement in terms of SO 3 . A similar report has already been seen in 1973, and it has been reported that the compressive strength after steam curing of a hardened body prepared from blast furnace cement depends on the amount of plaster (see Non-Patent Document 1).
一方、前養生時間(混練終了から養生までの時間、前置時間とも言う)については、セメント硬化体を蒸気養生する場合、2〜4時間の前養生時間を取らないと強度発現性が低下することは良く知られている。例えば、上述した、せっこうを添加して初期水和反応性を向上させる方法を実際の工程に適用したところ、前養生時間を2時間以上取れば、確かに所期の効果を発現するが、前養生時間を1時間にすると、所期の効果を発現しないことが確かめられている。この前養生時間は、セメント硬化体の生産速度を向上させる上での一つの障害となっており、この時間を1時間以内とすることが望まれるが、短縮された前養生時間で強度発現性を改善する方法については、報告がないのが現状である。
本発明は、前養生時間を1時間以内に短縮しても、脱型強度の改善された硬化体を与えるセメント組成物の提供を目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to provide a cement composition that provides a cured product with improved demolding strength even if the pre-curing time is shortened to within 1 hour.
本発明は、早強ポルトランドセメント、組成物全体の15〜40重量%の石灰石微粉末及び組成物全体の1〜3重量%の不溶性無水せっこうよりなり、該不溶性無水せっこう中の全フッ素含有量が1.0重量%以下であるセメント組成物に関する。
以下に、本発明を詳細に説明する。
The present invention, high-early-strength Portland cement consists of 15 to 40% by weight of limestone powder and 1-3% by weight of an insoluble anhydrous gypsum of the total composition of the total composition, the total of the insoluble anhydrous gypsum The present invention relates to a cement composition having a fluorine content of 1.0% by weight or less.
The present invention is described in detail below.
本発明のセメント組成物は、従来2時間以上は必要であった前養生時間の1時間以内への短縮を可能にした。これは、セメント二次製品の生産速度を向上させる上での課題の一つを解決したことを意味する。 The cement composition of the present invention has made it possible to shorten the pre-curing time, which was conventionally required for 2 hours or more, to within 1 hour. This means that one of the problems in improving the production rate of secondary cement products has been solved.
本発明のセメント組成物は、セメントとしては早強ポルトランドセメントを用いる。 The cement composition of the present invention uses a high-early-strength Portland cement as the cement.
一方、せっこうは、不溶性無水せっこうを使用することが必須要件であり、半水せっこう及び二水せっこうでは効果がない。また、不溶性無水せっこう中に含まれるフッ素の量は1重量%以下であることも必要である。不溶性無水せっこうは、フッ素の含有量が1重量%以下であれば、天然無水せっこう或いはふっ酸無水せっこうの何れもが問題なく使用できる。 On the other hand, for gypsum, it is essential to use insoluble anhydrous gypsum, and it is ineffective for half-water gypsum and dihydrate gypsum. In addition, the amount of fluorine contained in the insoluble anhydrous gypsum needs to be 1% by weight or less. As the insoluble anhydrous gypsum, either natural anhydrous hydrofluoric acid or hydrofluoric acid anhydrous gypsum can be used without any problem as long as the fluorine content is 1% by weight or less.
不溶性無水せっこうの添加量は、セメント組成物全体の1〜3重量%とする。不溶性無水せっこうの添加量が1重量%より少ないと十分な添加効果が発現せず、3重量%より大であると、機構は分からないが、マイナス効果が大きくなり、何れに於ても、蒸気養生後の圧縮強度の向上を図ることは出来ない。 The amount of insoluble anhydrous gypsum added is 1 to 3% by weight of the total cement composition. If the amount of insoluble anhydrous gypsum added is less than 1% by weight, sufficient addition effect will not be exhibited, and if it is greater than 3% by weight, the mechanism will not be understood, but the negative effect will increase, The compression strength after steam curing cannot be improved.
本発明のセメント組成物は、早強ポルトランドセメントに、特定のスペックのせっこうを特定量添加した組成より成り、これに加えて15〜40重量%の量で、石灰石微粉末を添加する。この無機系混和材は、強度、流動性に影響を与えることなくコスト低減に繋がり、特に、早強ポルトランドセメントを使用する場合にその効果が大きい。無機系混和材は、2000〜10000cm2 /gのブレーン比表面積を有する微粉末の使用が好ましく、初期強度発現性の点から、石灰石微粉末の添加が最も好ましい。 The cement composition of the present invention, the early-strength Portland cement consists of the composition was added a specific amount of gypsum in particular specifications, in an amount of 15 to 40 wt% in addition to this, addition of limestone powder To do. This inorganic admixture leads to cost reduction without affecting the strength and fluidity, and is particularly effective when an early-strength Portland cement is used. Inorganic admixtures, preferably the use of fine powder having a Blaine specific surface area of 2000~10000cm 2 / g, from the viewpoint of initial strength development, the addition of limestone fine powder is most preferred.
早強ポルトランドセメント、不溶性無水せっこうおよび無機系混和材として石灰石微粉末を添加する本発明のセメント組成物は、使用に際して、それを構成する各成分を、骨材、減水剤、高性能AE減水剤等の化学混和剤等の、モルタルまたはコンクリート調製の際に一般に使用される他の材料とを混合しても良いが、予めセメント組成物のみを混合調製して置き、使用に当たって骨材、混和剤等の他の材料と混合するのが最も好ましい方法である。化学混和剤はJIS R 6204「コンクリート用化学混和剤」に記載されている、スルフォン酸系、メラミン系、ポリカルボン酸系の何れもが使用できるが、中でもポリカルボン酸系の減水剤あるいは高性能AE減水剤が特に好ましい結果を与える。 Early strength portland cement, cement composition of the present invention as an insoluble anhydrous gypsum and inorganic admixture adding limestone fine powder, in use, the respective components constituting it, aggregate, water reducing agent, high It may be mixed with other materials generally used in preparing mortar or concrete, such as chemical admixtures such as performance AE water reducing agent, but only the cement composition is mixed and prepared in advance. Mixing with other materials such as materials, admixtures, etc. is the most preferred method. As the chemical admixture, any of sulfonic acid type, melamine type and polycarboxylic acid type described in JIS R 6204 “Chemical admixture for concrete” can be used. AE water reducing agents give particularly favorable results.
本発明のセメント組成物と、骨材、化学混和剤及び水とを混練して調製したモルタルまたはコンクリートは、成形、蒸気養生してセメント硬化体とすることができるが、従来行なわれていた方法と大きく異なる点は、蒸気養生に先立って行なう前養生時間の1時間以内への短縮が可能なことである。本発明のセメント組成物は、使用するポルトランドセメント種、組成比にもよるが、20〜60分の前養生時間を取れば、2〜5時間の蒸気養生後に、強度特性に優れたセメント硬化体を与える。前養生時間をこれより長く設定しても、生成するモルタルまたはコンクリートに特性面での問題は生じないが、大きな意味はない。以下に、具体的例を挙げて、本発明を更に詳しく説明する。 The mortar or concrete prepared by kneading the cement composition of the present invention with aggregate, chemical admixture and water can be molded and steam-cured to obtain a hardened cement body. The main difference is that the pre-curing time performed prior to steam curing can be shortened to within one hour. The cement composition of the present invention depends on the type of Portland cement used and the composition ratio, but if it takes a pre-curing time of 20 to 60 minutes, the hardened cement body has excellent strength characteristics after steam curing for 2 to 5 hours. give. Even if the pre-curing time is set longer than this, there is no problem in terms of properties in the mortar or concrete to be produced, but there is no great meaning. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with specific examples.
参考例1
セメント組成物構成成分としての普通ポルトランドセメントおよびフッ素含有量0.5重量%のふっ酸無水せっこう、細骨材、および3.1重量%のナフタレン系減水剤を含む水道水を、20℃の恒温室においてホバートミキサーで3分間混練し、モルタル中の単位量が、セメント組成物(せっこう含有量2重量%):651kg/m3 、水:276kg/m3 、細骨材:1272kg/m3 であるモルタルを調製した。得られたモルタルは、JIS R 5201「セメントの物理試験方法」記載のフローコーンを用いて0打でのフローを測定後、径50mm×高さ100mmの円筒形鋼製型枠に打ち込んだ。混練開始から30分間の前養生時間が経過した後、温度70℃、相対湿度98%に保った恒温恒湿器に入れ3時間の蒸気養生を行なった。養生終了後、恒温恒湿器より硬化体を取り出し、JIS A 1108「コンクリートの圧縮試験方法」に規定されている方法に準じて、圧縮強度(脱型強度)を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
Reference example 1
Tap water containing ordinary Portland cement as a constituent of the cement composition and hydrofluoric acid anhydrous gypsum having a fluorine content of 0.5% by weight, fine aggregate, and 3.1% by weight of a naphthalene-based water reducing agent at 20 ° C. It is kneaded for 3 minutes with a Hobart mixer in a thermostatic chamber, and the unit amount in the mortar is cement composition (gypsum content 2% by weight): 651 kg / m 3 , water: 276 kg / m 3 , fine aggregate: 1272 kg / m A mortar that was 3 was prepared. The obtained mortar was driven into a cylindrical steel mold having a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 100 mm after measuring the flow at zero stroke using a flow cone described in JIS R 5201 “Physical testing method for cement”. After the pre-curing time of 30 minutes had elapsed from the start of kneading, steam curing was performed for 3 hours in a constant temperature and humidity chamber maintained at a temperature of 70 ° C. and a relative humidity of 98%. After curing, the cured product was taken out from the thermo-hygrostat, and the compressive strength (demolding strength) was measured according to the method specified in JIS A 1108 “Concrete compression test method”. The results are shown in Table 1.
比較例1〜4
ここでは、せっこうとして半水または二水せっこうを使用した例(比較例1、2)及びフッ素含有量の多い無水せっこうを使用した例(比較例3)を示す。せっこう種を変えた以外は参考例1と同様の方法でモルタルおよび硬化体を調製し、モルタルフローと脱型強度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
Comparative Examples 1-4
Here, examples using half water or dihydrate gypsum as the gypsum (Comparative Examples 1 and 2) and examples using anhydrous gypsum with a high fluorine content (Comparative Example 3) are shown. A mortar and a cured product were prepared in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that the gypsum seed was changed, and the mortar flow and demolding strength were measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
参考例2及び比較例5〜6
ここでは、不溶性無水せっこう添加量を変化させた例を示す。ふっ酸無水せっこうの添加量を変えた以外は参考例1と同様の方法でモルタルおよび硬化体を調製し、モルタルフローと脱型強度を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
Reference Example 2 and Comparative Examples 5-6
Here, an example in which the amount of insoluble anhydrous gypsum added is changed is shown. A mortar and a cured product were prepared in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that the addition amount of hydrofluoric anhydride was changed, and the mortar flow and demolding strength were measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
実施例1〜3
ここでは、セメント種を早強ポルトランドセメントに変え且つ、無機系混和材を添加した例を、モルタル及びコンクリートについて示す。モルタル(実施例1、2)については、モルタル中の単位量が、セメント組成物(ポルトランドセメント、不溶性無水せっこう、高炉スラグ(ブレーン比表面積4000cm2 /g、実施例1)または石灰石(ブレーン比表面積4500cm2 /g、実施例2)微粉末の合量):651kg/m3 、水:277kg/m3 、細骨材:1258kg/m3 となるようにした他は参考例1と同様にモルタルおよび硬化体を調製し、モルタルフローと脱型強度を測定した。一方、コンクリート(実施例3)については、原料を20℃の恒温室でパン型ミキサーを用いて2分間混練し、単位量を、セメント組成物(ポルトランドセメント、不溶性無水せっこう、高炉スラグ粉末の合量):400kg/m3 、水:170kg/m3 、細骨材:773kg/m3 、粗骨材:1020kg/m3 としたコンクリートのスランプを測定した後、径100mm×高さ200mmの円筒型枠に打ち込んだ。混練開始から30分経過後、蒸気養生室に入れ、40℃/時間の速度で70℃まで昇温した。混練開始から3.5時間経過後、蒸気養生室から取り出し、JIS A 1108「コンクリートの圧縮試験方法」に規定されている方法により、圧縮強度(脱型強度)を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
Examples 1 to 3
Here, an example in which the cement type is changed to early-strength Portland cement and an inorganic admixture is added is shown for mortar and concrete. For the mortar (Examples 1 and 2 ), the unit amount in the mortar is the cement composition (Portland cement, insoluble anhydrous gypsum, blast furnace slag (Brain specific surface area 4000 cm 2 / g, Example 1 ) or limestone (Brain ratio). surface area 4500cm 2 / g, example 2) the total amount of a fine powder): 651kg / m 3, water: 277kg / m 3, fine aggregate: except that was set to be 1258kg / m 3 is in the same manner as in reference example 1 Mortar and hardened body were prepared, and mortar flow and demolding strength were measured. On the other hand, for concrete (Example 3 ), the raw material was kneaded in a thermostatic chamber at 20 ° C. for 2 minutes using a pan mixer, and the unit amount was changed to a cement composition (Portland cement, insoluble anhydrous gypsum, blast furnace slag powder). total amount): 400 kg / m 3, water: 170 kg / m 3, fine aggregates: 773kg / m 3, coarse aggregate: the 1020kg / m 3 and concrete after measuring the slump, the diameter 100 mm × height 200mm It was driven into a cylindrical form. After 30 minutes from the start of kneading, the mixture was placed in a steam curing room and heated to 70 ° C. at a rate of 40 ° C./hour. After 3.5 hours from the start of kneading, the material was taken out from the steam curing room, and the compression strength (demolding strength) was measured by the method specified in JIS A 1108 “Concrete compression test method”. The results are shown in Table 1.
実施例として示した本発明のセメント組成物は何れも、僅か30分の前養生時間でも、蒸気養生直後の圧縮強度(脱型強度)発現性に優れたモルタルまたはコンクリート硬化体を与えることが分かる。それに対し、せっこう種、せっこう量、せっこう中のフッ素含有量何れかの要因が本発明の範囲を外れたセメント組成物では、蒸気養生直後のモルタル硬化体の脱型強度は低い。尚、これ等についても、前養生を2時間以上行なえば、十分な脱型強度の発現したモルタル硬化体を与えるものがあることも考えられる。上記の実施例1および3は参考例である。 It can be seen that all of the cement compositions of the present invention shown as examples give a mortar or a hardened concrete body excellent in compressive strength (demolding strength) development immediately after steam curing even with a pre-curing time of only 30 minutes. . On the other hand, the demolding strength of the cured mortar immediately after steam curing is low in the cement composition in which any of the gypsum species, the gypsum amount, and the fluorine content in the gypsum is outside the scope of the present invention. Incidentally, also this like, by performing pre-cured for two hours or more, it is conceivable that some Ru gives mortar cured body expressed sufficient demolding strength. Examples 1 and 3 above are reference examples.
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JP5094398A Division JP3584723B2 (en) | 1998-03-03 | 1998-03-03 | Manufacturing method of hardened cement |
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JP6591729B2 (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2019-10-16 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Concrete production method |
JP7231980B2 (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2023-03-02 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Cement composition and its manufacturing method |
KR102732586B1 (en) * | 2024-03-04 | 2024-11-21 | 주식회사 데코페이브 | Concrete block with carbon dioxide capture function |
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