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JP4364951B2 - Silicon carbide powder slurry for casting and method for preparing the same - Google Patents

Silicon carbide powder slurry for casting and method for preparing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4364951B2
JP4364951B2 JP33633097A JP33633097A JP4364951B2 JP 4364951 B2 JP4364951 B2 JP 4364951B2 JP 33633097 A JP33633097 A JP 33633097A JP 33633097 A JP33633097 A JP 33633097A JP 4364951 B2 JP4364951 B2 JP 4364951B2
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Prior art keywords
silicon carbide
slurry
carbon black
carbide powder
casting
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JPH11157943A (en
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幸治 三浦
啓哲 新井
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Tokai Carbon Co Ltd
Tokai Konetsu Kogyo Co Ltd
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Tokai Carbon Co Ltd
Tokai Konetsu Kogyo Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、炭化珪素焼結体を製造する際の鋳込み成形に用いる炭化珪素質粉末スラリー及びその調製方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
炭化珪素は耐熱性、耐蝕性、高温強度特性及び耐熱衝撃性などに優れており、炭化珪素焼結体は高温下に使用される各種部材として有用されている。炭化珪素焼結体を製造する方法のうち、常圧焼結法は炭化珪素が材質的に難焼結性であるため炭化珪素粉末原料に焼結助剤を添加して所望の形状に成形し、成形体を焼結する方法である。
【0003】
成形法には乾式プレス成形法や鋳込み成形法などがあるが、炭化珪素粉末と焼結助剤とを均一に混合し、混合粉末を成形型に入れて加圧成形する乾式プレス成形法では原料粉末を均一に混合することが難しく、特に大型で複雑形状の成形体を得ることが困難である。
【0004】
これに対し、鋳込み成形法は炭化珪素粉末と焼結助剤を適宜な分散剤を用いて水中に分散させて均一なスラリーを調製し、このスラリーを石膏型などの吸水性の材料で作成した成形型に注入して脱水し、成形体を得るものであるから、大型で複雑形状の均質な成形体を得ることができる利点がある。
【0005】
したがって、鋳込み成形法では均一、安定なスラリーを調製することが重要となるが、通常焼結助剤として用いられる硼素−カーボン系(B/C系)やアルミニウム−カーボン系(Al/C系)などでは、原料の配合段階でカーボン粉末を添加する場合が多い。しかしながら、カーボンは疎水性であり水に濡れ難く、特に鋳込み成形用のスラリーは原料粉末を高濃度に分散する必要があり、高濃度でかつ低粘度のスラリーを調製することが困難となる難点がある。
【0006】
この鋳込み成形法により成形体を作製する場合の欠点を解消するために、解膠剤としてジエチルアミンとポリカルボン酸塩を含有する焼結助剤を含む炭化珪素の水性泥漿を用いて鋳込成形し、そして焼成することを特徴とする炭化珪素焼結体の製造方法(特開昭62−167254号公報)が提案されている。これは解膠剤(分散剤)としてジエチルアミンとポリカルボン酸塩を使用することにより、焼結助剤を添加した炭化珪素の鋳込成形用泥漿の粘度の低下を図るものである。
【0007】
また、特開昭63−225580号公報には、炭化珪素粉末及び焼結助剤粉末からなる炭化珪素質セラミック粉末と、ホルマリン縮合物と塩基性化合物とからなる分散剤と、水とを混合して泥漿となし、該泥漿を成形し、焼成することを特徴とする炭化珪素質焼結体の製造方法が開示されている。この方法は、分散剤中の界面活性剤としてホルマリン縮合物を用いることにより良好な分散を得るものである。このように、上記特開昭62−167254号公報あるいは特開昭63−225580号公報では特定の分散剤を用いることにより分散性の向上を意図している。
【0008】
更に、特開平5−319931号公報には、カーボン粉末と焼結助剤を含む炭化珪素質粉末の鋳込み成形用スラリーの調製に際し、焼結助剤及び炭化珪素粉末と、フミン酸又はフミン酸塩を表面に付着したフミン酸処理カーボン粉末とを、珪酸ソーダ又はアルカリ領域で機能する分散剤を用いてアルカリ水溶液に分散させることを特徴とする鋳込み成形用炭化珪素質粉末スラリーの調製方法が開示されている。この方法は、表面が疎水性であるカーボンブラックなどのカーボン粉末の表面にフミン酸を付着させ、このフミン酸処理カーボン粉末が親水性となることにより分散性が向上し、低粘度で高濃度のスラリーを得るものである。
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記特開平5−319931号公報の調製方法では、カーボン粉末表面へのフミン酸吸着が物理的吸着であるため均一に吸着させることが困難であり、また化学的安定性に欠ける難点がある。したがって、炭化珪素粉末、焼結助剤及びカーボン粉末が均一、安定に分散したスラリーを調製するには充分でないという問題点がある。
【0010】
本発明者らは、これらの方法とは異なる観点から分散性に優れたスラリーについて研究を進めた結果、疎水性で水中への分散性が低いカーボンブラックの表面を改質して親水性に変性することにより、分散性に優れ、高濃度で低粘度のスラリーが得られることを見出した。
【0011】
本発明は上記の知見に基づいて開発されたものであり、その目的は高密度、高強度の炭化珪素焼結体を製造することのできる、炭化珪素粉末、焼結助剤及びカーボンブラックとが水中に均一に分散した鋳込み成形用炭化珪素質粉末スラリー及びその調製方法を提供することにある。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するための本発明による鋳込み成形用炭化珪素質粉末スラリーは、炭化珪素粉末と焼結助剤及び表面官能基のうちヒドロキシル基とカルボキシル基の総和量が3μeq/m 2 以上に酸化処理した改質カーボンブラックとが1種類の分散剤とともに水中に分散してなり、分散液のpHが7〜11であることを構成上の特徴とする。
【0013】
この鋳込み成形用炭化珪素質粉末スラリーの調製方法は、炭化珪素粉末と焼結助剤及び表面官能基のうちヒドロキシル基とカルボキシル基の総和量が3μeq/m 2 以上に酸化処理した改質カーボンブラックとを1種類の分散剤を用いて水中に分散させ、分散液のpHを7〜11に調整することを構成上の特徴とする。
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
原料となる炭化珪素粉末はα型、β型いずれも使用することができ、粒径は小さいものが好ましいが、サブミクロン級の微細粒子のみでなく10μm 程度の比較的大きな粒径のものも用いることができる。なお、可及的に高純度であることが好ましい。
【0015】
焼結助剤としては、硼素−カーボン系(B/C系)やアルミニウム−カーボン系(Al/C系)などの通常用いられる焼結助剤が使用され、硼素源としてはアモルファスボロン、炭化硼素、酸化硼素、窒化硼素などが、アルミニウム源としてはアルミニウム、酸化アルミニウム、水酸化アルミニウム、窒化アルミニウムなどが用いられる。焼結助剤は炭化珪素粉末100重量部に対し0.1〜1.0重量部の割合で添加する。
【0016】
炭化珪素粉末と焼結助剤に添加配合するカーボンブラックは窒素吸着比表面積(N2SA)が10m2/g以上の粉末が用いられる。窒素吸着比表面積(N2SA)が10m2/g未満である大粒子径のカーボンブラックでは、水中に分散させた際カーボンブラックのアグロメレートが大きくなり長期間保存時に沈降するためである。
【0017】
本発明の鋳込み成形用炭化珪素質粉末スラリーに用いる改質カーボンブラックは、酸化処理により表面にヒドロキシル基やカルボキシル基などの親水性の官能基が形成されて改質されたものである。酸化処理の方法としては特に限定されるものではないが、湿式酸化による液相酸化が好ましい。酸化剤としては、例えば塩素酸アンモニウム、塩素酸ナトリウム、塩素酸カリウムや過硫酸アンモニウム、過硫酸ナトリウム、過硫酸カリウム等の塩素酸塩あるいは過硫酸塩が用いられる。酸化処理は、これらの酸化剤の適宜濃度の水溶液中にカーボンブラックを混合分散し、撹拌しながら処理温度や処理時間等を適宜制御することにより行われる。この場合、酸化処理によりカーボンブラック表面に形成される官能基量として、ヒドロキシル基とカルボキシル基の総和量が3μeq/m2以上に酸化改質することが好ましい。官能基量が3μeq/m2未満であると、形成された親水性のヒドロキシル基やカルボキシル基量が少ないので水との濡れ性が充分に向上せず、水中への分散性が低くなるためである。なお、改質カーボンブラックは炭化珪素粉末100重量部に対し、1.0〜3.0重量部の割合で配合する。
【0018】
官能基量の測定は下記の方法により測定した値である。
▲1▼ヒドロキシル基:
2、2′-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)を四塩化炭素中に溶解して濃度5×10-4mol/l の溶液を作成し、該溶液にカーボンブラックを0.1〜0.6g 添加し、60℃の恒温槽中で6時間撹拌する。その後、反応液からカーボンブラックを濾別し、濾液を紫外線吸光光度計によりヒドロキシル基を測定する。このようにして測定した値をカーボンブラックの窒素吸着比表面積(N2SA ;m2/g)で除した値を、カーボンブラックの単位表面積当たりに形成されたヒドロキシル基量(μeq/m2)とする。
【0019】
▲2▼カルボキシル基:
O.976N炭酸水素ナトリウム50ml中にカーボンブラック2〜5g を添加して6時間振盪した後、カーボンブラックを反応液から濾別し、濾液について滴定試験を行ってカルボキシル基を測定する。この測定値をカーボンブラックの窒素吸着比表面積(N2SA ;m2/g)で除した値を、カーボンブラックの単位表面積当たりに形成されたカルボキシル基量(μeq/m2)とする。
【0020】
酸化処理後のカーボンブラックが分散した溶液は酸性状態にあるため、カーボンブラックは凝集しているので、過剰の酸化剤を水酸化ナトリウム水溶液やアンモニア水溶液などのアルカリ水溶液で中和して凝集体を解いたのち濾過分離し、水洗して中和塩を充分に洗浄除去する。分離されたカーボンブラックは乾燥して改質カーボンブラックが得られる。なお、改質カーボンブラック中の不純物量を特に低くする必要がある場合には、改質カーボンブラックを水中に分散してpHを5〜12程度に調整し、電気透析あるいは逆浸透膜やルーズ R.O等の分離膜を用いて残塩を分離、精製することが好ましい。
【0021】
分散剤としては、常用されるアクリル系共重合体、ポリカルボン酸系、スチレンマレイン酸系、あるいはナフタリンスルホン酸ホルマリン縮合物などから選ばれた1種類の分散剤が用いられ、炭化珪素粉末100重量部に0.1〜2.0重量部の比率で添加される。
【0022】
これらの炭化珪素粉末、焼結助剤、改質カーボンブラックは所定の配合比で分散剤とともに水中に混合、分散することにより、本発明の鋳込み成形用炭化珪素質粉末スラリーが調製される。この場合、スラリーのpHを7〜11の範囲に、好ましくは8〜10に調整する。pHが7未満の酸性領域においてはスラリーの分散状態が不均一化して均質組織の成形体が得難く、焼結した炭化珪素焼結体の組織構造も不均質なものとなる。一方、pHが11を越えるアルカリ領域では、成形体を作製する際に成形型である石膏型に損傷を生じ易いためである。なお、スラリーのpH調整剤としては、酸、アルカリ金属水酸化物、例えば塩酸、硝酸、硫酸、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、アンモニア等のほか、脂肪族の一級、二級、三級アミン等の有機系調整剤が用いられる。
【0023】
このように本発明の鋳込み成形用炭化珪素質粉末スラリーは、表面に親水性のヒドロキシル基及びカルボキシル基が形成された易水分散性の改質カーボンブラックが、炭化珪素粉末及び焼結助剤とともに分散剤により水中に分散したものであるから、スラリー全体の分散性能が著しく向上し、したがって、均一、高濃度で長期間に亘って安定な分散状態が維持される。特に、ヒドロキシル基とカルボキシル基の総和量が3μeq/m2以上であると、スラリーの分散状態をより向上することが可能となる。また、本発明の調製方法によれば、均一、高濃度で長期間に亘って安定な分散状態が維持される鋳込み成形用炭化珪素質粉末スラリーを容易に得ることができる。
【0024】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例を比較例と対比して具体的に説明する。
【0025】
実施例1
カーボンブラック粉末〔東海カーボン(株)製、TB#7240F〕150g を0.75Nの塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液3000mlに混合し、撹拌しながら、100℃の処理温度で10時間酸化処理した。次いで、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加して中和したのち、酸化処理されたカーボンブラックを濾過分離し、蒸留水で充分に洗浄後、乾燥して改質カーボンブラックを得た。得られた改質カーボンブラックの表面官能基として、ヒドロキシル基とカルボキシル基を測定して、その総和量を求めた。
【0026】
β型の炭化珪素粉末(スタルクヴィテック社製、BF-12 )100重量部に、焼結助剤としてアモルファスボロン(スタルクヴィテック社製、GRADE1)0.3重量部、上記改質カーボンブラック2重量部を、分散剤であるアクリル系共重合体〔三井東圧化学(株)製、WA-600〕1.0重量部とともに蒸留水60重量部に加え、pH調整剤として水酸化ナトリウムを添加して、ポットミルで24時間混合して鋳込み成形用炭化珪素質粉末スラリーを調製した。スラリーのpH及び粘度を測定したのち、石膏型に流し込み、離型、乾燥して80×80×5mmの成形体を作製した。成形体の密度を測定後、窒素ガス雰囲気下で2250℃の温度で、2時間焼成して炭化珪素焼結体を製造し、得られた焼結体の密度を測定した。
【0027】
実施例2〜4、比較例1〜2
塩素酸ナトリウム水溶液の濃度を変えたほかは、実施例1と同じ方法、条件でカーボンブラックを改質したのちヒドロキシル基とカルボキシル基を測定してその総和量を求めた。次いで、スラリーのpH調整剤としての水酸化ナトリウム添加量を変えて、pHの異なる鋳込み成形用炭化珪素質粉末スラリーを調製し、このスラリーを用いて実施例1と同一の方法、条件により成形体を作製して、炭化珪素焼結体を製造した。なお、実施例1と同様にスラリーのpH、粘度、成形体及び炭化珪素焼結体の密度を測定した。
【0028】
比較例3〜4
実施例1の改質カーボンブラックに代えて、酸化処理を施さない未処理のカーボンブラックを用い、またpHの異なるスラリーを調製したほかは、実施例1と同一の方法、条件によりスラリーの調製、成形体の作製、炭化珪素焼結体の製造を行い、また実施例1と同様にスラリーのpH、粘度、成形体及び炭化珪素焼結体の密度を測定した。
【0029】
このようにして得られた結果を、改質カーボンブラックの表面官能基量(ヒドロキシル基とカルボキシル基との和)、スラリーのpH及び粘度、成形体及び焼結体の密度を対比して表1に示した。
【0030】
【表1】

Figure 0004364951
【0031】
表1においてスラリーの成分、組成は全て同一であるが、カーボンブラックを酸化処理するとともにスラリーのpHを7〜11の範囲に調整した実施例1〜4のスラリーでは、カーボンブラックを酸化処理したが、pHが7〜11の範囲を外れる比較例1、2のスラリーに比べて粘度が低く、均一、微細に分散していることが判る。更に、酸化処理によりカーボンブラック表面のヒドロキシル基とカルボキシル基の総和量を3μeq/m2以上に酸化改質した場合には、スラリーの粘度がより低減することが認められる。また、酸化処理を施さずに未処理のカーボンブラックを用いた比較例3、4のスラリーでは粘度の増大化が大きいことが認められる。したがって、これらのスラリーを使用して鋳込み成形した結果は、実施例では高い密度の成形体が得られ、この成形体を焼成することにより高密度の炭化珪素焼結体を製造することができる。これに対して、比較例のスラリーを用いて得られた成形体及び炭化珪素焼結体はいずれも密度が低く、強度特性なども劣ることが判る。
【0032】
【発明の効果】
以上のとおり、本発明の鋳込み成形用炭化珪素質粉末スラリーによれば、酸化処理されて親水性の官能基が形成された改質カーボンブラックが分散しているために水との界面濡れ性が向上し、またスラリーのpHを特定範囲に制御することにより、これらの機能が相乗的に作用して、均一、微細な状態で、高濃度に安定分散することが可能となる。したがって、本発明のスラリーを用いれば、均質組織を有し、大型で複雑形状の成形体を得ることができ、高密度、高強度の炭化珪素焼結体を製造することが可能となる。また、本発明の鋳込み成形用炭化珪素質粉末スラリーの調製方法によれば、均一、高濃度で安定に分散したスラリーを容易に調製することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a silicon carbide powder slurry used for casting molding when manufacturing a silicon carbide sintered body and a method for preparing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Silicon carbide is excellent in heat resistance, corrosion resistance, high-temperature strength characteristics, thermal shock resistance and the like, and silicon carbide sintered bodies are useful as various members used at high temperatures. Of the methods for producing a silicon carbide sintered body, the atmospheric pressure sintering method is difficult to sinter due to the material of silicon carbide, so it is formed into a desired shape by adding a sintering aid to the silicon carbide powder raw material. This is a method of sintering a molded body.
[0003]
There are dry press molding method and cast molding method, etc., but the dry press molding method in which silicon carbide powder and sintering aid are mixed uniformly, and the mixed powder is put into a mold and pressure molded. It is difficult to uniformly mix the powder, and it is particularly difficult to obtain a large and complex shaped product.
[0004]
On the other hand, in the casting method, silicon carbide powder and sintering aid are dispersed in water using an appropriate dispersant to prepare a uniform slurry, and this slurry is made of a water-absorbing material such as a plaster mold. Since it is injected into a mold and dehydrated to obtain a molded body, there is an advantage that a large and complex shaped homogeneous molded body can be obtained.
[0005]
Therefore, it is important to prepare a uniform and stable slurry in the casting method, but boron-carbon system (B / C system) and aluminum-carbon system (Al / C system) that are usually used as sintering aids. For example, carbon powder is often added at the raw material blending stage. However, carbon is hydrophobic and difficult to wet with water. Especially, a slurry for casting molding needs to disperse raw material powder at a high concentration, which makes it difficult to prepare a slurry with a high concentration and a low viscosity. is there.
[0006]
In order to eliminate the disadvantages of forming a molded body by this casting method, casting was performed using an aqueous slurry of silicon carbide containing a sintering aid containing diethylamine and polycarboxylate as a peptizer. And a method for producing a sintered silicon carbide (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-167254) characterized by firing. This is intended to lower the viscosity of silicon carbide casting slurry to which a sintering aid is added by using diethylamine and polycarboxylate as a peptizer (dispersant).
[0007]
In JP-A-63-225580, silicon carbide ceramic powder composed of silicon carbide powder and sintering aid powder, dispersant composed of formalin condensate and basic compound, and water are mixed. There is disclosed a method for producing a silicon carbide sintered body, characterized in that the slurry is formed, and the slurry is formed and fired. This method obtains good dispersion by using a formalin condensate as a surfactant in the dispersant. As described above, JP-A-62-167254 or JP-A-63-225580 intends to improve dispersibility by using a specific dispersant.
[0008]
Furthermore, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-319931, in preparing a slurry for casting molding of a silicon carbide powder containing carbon powder and a sintering aid, a sintering aid and silicon carbide powder and humic acid or humic acid salt are prepared. Disclosed is a method for preparing a silicon carbide powder slurry for casting, characterized in that humic acid-treated carbon powder adhering to the surface is dispersed in an aqueous alkali solution using sodium silicate or a dispersant that functions in an alkaline region. ing. In this method, humic acid is attached to the surface of a carbon powder such as carbon black having a hydrophobic surface, and this humic acid-treated carbon powder becomes hydrophilic, so that dispersibility is improved, and low viscosity and high concentration are obtained. A slurry is obtained.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the preparation method of the above-mentioned JP-A-5-319931, humic acid adsorption to the surface of the carbon powder is physical adsorption, so that it is difficult to uniformly adsorb and there is a difficulty in lacking chemical stability. . Therefore, there is a problem that it is not sufficient to prepare a slurry in which silicon carbide powder, sintering aid and carbon powder are uniformly and stably dispersed.
[0010]
As a result of research on slurries excellent in dispersibility from a viewpoint different from these methods, the present inventors modified the surface of carbon black, which is hydrophobic and has low dispersibility in water, to make it hydrophilic. As a result, it was found that a slurry having excellent dispersibility and a high concentration and low viscosity can be obtained.
[0011]
The present invention has been developed on the basis of the above knowledge, and its purpose is to produce a high-density, high-strength silicon carbide sintered body comprising silicon carbide powder, sintering aid and carbon black. An object of the present invention is to provide a silicon carbide powder slurry for casting molding that is uniformly dispersed in water and a method for preparing the same.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the silicon carbide powder slurry for casting molding according to the present invention has a total amount of hydroxyl group and carboxyl group of 3 μeq / m 2 or more among silicon carbide powder, sintering aid and surface functional group. The modified carbon black subjected to oxidation treatment is dispersed in water together with one type of dispersant, and the pH of the dispersion is 7 to 11 as a structural feature.
[0013]
The silicon carbide powder slurry for casting is prepared by modifying carbon black, a sintering aid, and a modified carbon black that has been oxidized to a total amount of hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups of 3 μeq / m 2 or more among surface functional groups. Is dispersed in water using one type of dispersant, and the pH of the dispersion is adjusted to 7 to 11 as a structural feature.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As the raw material silicon carbide powder, both α-type and β-type can be used, and those having a small particle size are preferable, but not only submicron-class fine particles but also those having a relatively large particle size of about 10 μm are used. be able to. It is preferable that the purity is as high as possible.
[0015]
As the sintering aid, commonly used sintering aids such as boron-carbon (B / C) and aluminum-carbon (Al / C) are used, and the boron source is amorphous boron or boron carbide. Boron oxide, boron nitride and the like, and aluminum, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum nitride and the like are used as the aluminum source. The sintering aid is added at a ratio of 0.1 to 1.0 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of silicon carbide powder.
[0016]
Carbon black added to and mixed with the silicon carbide powder and the sintering aid is a powder having a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of 10 m 2 / g or more. This is because the carbon black having a large particle diameter having a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA) of less than 10 m 2 / g increases the agglomerate of the carbon black when dispersed in water and settles during storage for a long period of time.
[0017]
The modified carbon black used in the silicon carbide powder slurry for casting molding of the present invention is modified by forming hydrophilic functional groups such as hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups on the surface by oxidation treatment. The method for the oxidation treatment is not particularly limited, but liquid phase oxidation by wet oxidation is preferable. Examples of the oxidizing agent include chlorates or persulfates such as ammonium chlorate, sodium chlorate, potassium chlorate, ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate, and potassium persulfate. The oxidation treatment is performed by mixing and dispersing carbon black in an aqueous solution having an appropriate concentration of these oxidizing agents, and appropriately controlling the treatment temperature, treatment time, and the like while stirring. In this case, it is preferable that the total amount of hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups is oxidized and modified to 3 μeq / m 2 or more as the amount of functional groups formed on the carbon black surface by the oxidation treatment. When the functional group amount is less than 3 μeq / m 2, the amount of hydrophilic hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups formed is small, so the wettability with water is not sufficiently improved and the dispersibility in water is low. is there. The modified carbon black is blended at a ratio of 1.0 to 3.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the silicon carbide powder.
[0018]
The measurement of the functional group amount is a value measured by the following method.
(1) Hydroxyl group:
2,2′-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was dissolved in carbon tetrachloride to prepare a solution having a concentration of 5 × 10 −4 mol / l, and 0.1 to 0.6 g of carbon black was added to the solution. Add and stir in a constant temperature bath at 60 ° C. for 6 hours. Thereafter, carbon black is filtered off from the reaction solution, and the hydroxyl group of the filtrate is measured with an ultraviolet absorptiometer. The value obtained by dividing the value measured in this way by the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA; m 2 / g) of carbon black is the amount of hydroxyl groups formed per unit surface area of carbon black (μeq / m 2 ). And
[0019]
(2) Carboxyl group:
O. After adding 2 to 5 g of carbon black in 50 ml of 976 N sodium hydrogen carbonate and shaking for 6 hours, the carbon black is filtered off from the reaction solution, and a titration test is performed on the filtrate to measure carboxyl groups. A value obtained by dividing the measured value by the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N 2 SA; m 2 / g) of carbon black is defined as the amount of carboxyl groups (μeq / m 2 ) formed per unit surface area of carbon black.
[0020]
Since the solution in which the carbon black after the oxidation treatment is dispersed is in an acidic state, the carbon black is agglomerated. Therefore, neutralize the excess oxidizing agent with an alkaline aqueous solution such as an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution or an aqueous ammonia solution, After dissolution, it is separated by filtration and washed with water to sufficiently remove the neutralized salt. The separated carbon black is dried to obtain a modified carbon black. If the amount of impurities in the modified carbon black needs to be particularly low, the modified carbon black is dispersed in water and the pH is adjusted to about 5 to 12, and electrodialysis or reverse osmosis membrane or loose RO It is preferable to separate and purify the residual salt using a separation membrane.
[0021]
As the dispersant, one kind of dispersant selected from a commonly used acrylic copolymer, polycarboxylic acid type, styrene maleic acid type, or naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin condensate is used, and silicon carbide powder 100 weight is used. Is added in a ratio of 0.1 to 2.0 parts by weight.
[0022]
These silicon carbide powder, sintering aid, and modified carbon black are mixed and dispersed in water together with a dispersant at a predetermined mixing ratio to prepare the silicon carbide powder slurry for casting molding of the present invention. In this case, the pH of the slurry is adjusted to a range of 7 to 11, preferably 8 to 10. In the acidic region where the pH is less than 7, the dispersion state of the slurry becomes non-uniform so that it is difficult to obtain a compact with a homogeneous structure, and the structure of the sintered silicon carbide sintered body becomes non-homogeneous. On the other hand, in the alkaline region where the pH exceeds 11, the gypsum mold that is the mold is likely to be damaged when the molded body is produced. Examples of the pH adjuster for the slurry include acids, alkali metal hydroxides such as hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and ammonia, as well as aliphatic primary, secondary, and tertiary amines. These organic regulators are used.
[0023]
As described above, the silicon carbide powder slurry for casting molding of the present invention has an easily dispersible modified carbon black having hydrophilic hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups formed on the surface, together with silicon carbide powder and a sintering aid. Since it is dispersed in water by the dispersant, the dispersion performance of the whole slurry is remarkably improved, and therefore, a stable dispersion state is maintained over a long period of time at a uniform and high concentration. In particular, when the total amount of hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups is 3 μeq / m 2 or more, the dispersion state of the slurry can be further improved. In addition, according to the preparation method of the present invention, a silicon carbide powder slurry for casting can be easily obtained that maintains a uniform, high concentration, and stable dispersion state over a long period of time.
[0024]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be specifically described below in comparison with comparative examples.
[0025]
Example 1
150 g of carbon black powder [TB # 7240F, manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd.] was mixed with 3000 ml of a 0.75N aqueous sodium chlorate solution and oxidized at a treatment temperature of 100 ° C. for 10 hours while stirring. Then, after neutralizing by adding an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, the oxidized carbon black was separated by filtration, washed thoroughly with distilled water and dried to obtain a modified carbon black. As the surface functional groups of the obtained modified carbon black, hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups were measured to determine the total amount.
[0026]
100 parts by weight of β-type silicon carbide powder (BF-12 manufactured by Starck Vitec), 0.3 parts by weight of amorphous boron (GRADE1 manufactured by Starck Vitech, Inc.) as a sintering aid, and the above modified carbon black 2 In addition to 1.0 parts by weight of acrylic copolymer (Mitsui Toatsu Chemical Co., Ltd., WA-600) as a dispersant, 60 parts by weight of distilled water is added, and sodium hydroxide is added as a pH adjuster. Then, the mixture was mixed in a pot mill for 24 hours to prepare a silicon carbide powder slurry for casting molding. After measuring the pH and viscosity of the slurry, it was poured into a gypsum mold, released from the mold, and dried to prepare a molded body of 80 × 80 × 5 mm. After measuring the density of the compact, a silicon carbide sintered body was manufactured by firing for 2 hours at a temperature of 2250 ° C. in a nitrogen gas atmosphere, and the density of the resulting sintered body was measured.
[0027]
Examples 2-4, Comparative Examples 1-2
Except for changing the concentration of the aqueous sodium chlorate solution, the carbon black was modified by the same method and conditions as in Example 1, and then the hydroxyl group and carboxyl group were measured to determine the total amount. Next, the amount of sodium hydroxide added as the pH adjuster of the slurry is changed to prepare a silicon carbide powder slurry for casting molding having a different pH, and a molded body is produced by using the slurry under the same method and conditions as in Example 1. Was manufactured to produce a silicon carbide sintered body. In addition, the pH of the slurry, the viscosity, the density of the compact and the silicon carbide sintered body were measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0028]
Comparative Examples 3-4
In place of the modified carbon black of Example 1, untreated carbon black not subjected to oxidation treatment was used, and a slurry having a different pH was prepared, and the slurry was prepared according to the same method and conditions as in Example 1. Fabrication of the molded body and production of the silicon carbide sintered body were performed, and the pH, viscosity, density of the molded body and the silicon carbide sintered body of the slurry were measured in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0029]
The results thus obtained are compared with the surface functional group amount (sum of hydroxyl group and carboxyl group) of the modified carbon black, the pH and viscosity of the slurry, and the density of the molded body and sintered body. It was shown to.
[0030]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004364951
[0031]
In Table 1, the components and compositions of the slurry are all the same, but the carbon black was oxidized in the slurries of Examples 1 to 4 in which the carbon black was oxidized and the pH of the slurry was adjusted to the range of 7 to 11. It can be seen that the viscosity is lower than that of the slurry of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 where the pH is outside the range of 7 to 11, and is uniformly and finely dispersed. Furthermore, it is recognized that the viscosity of the slurry is further reduced when the total amount of hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups on the surface of carbon black is oxidized and modified to 3 μeq / m 2 or more by oxidation treatment. Moreover, it is recognized that the increase in viscosity is large in the slurry of Comparative Examples 3 and 4 using untreated carbon black without being subjected to oxidation treatment. Therefore, as a result of casting using these slurries, a high-density molded body is obtained in the examples, and a high-density silicon carbide sintered body can be manufactured by firing this molded body. On the other hand, it turns out that the molded object obtained by using the slurry of the comparative example and the silicon carbide sintered body are both low in density and inferior in strength characteristics.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the silicon carbide powder slurry for casting molding according to the present invention, the modified carbon black which has been oxidized and formed with hydrophilic functional groups is dispersed, so that the interfacial wettability with water is reduced. By improving the slurry and controlling the pH of the slurry within a specific range, these functions work synergistically to enable stable dispersion at a high concentration in a uniform and fine state. Therefore, if the slurry of the present invention is used, it is possible to obtain a large and complex shaped body having a homogeneous structure, and it is possible to produce a high-density, high-strength silicon carbide sintered body. Moreover, according to the method for preparing a silicon carbide powder slurry for casting molding according to the present invention, a slurry that is uniformly and stably dispersed at a high concentration can be easily prepared.

Claims (2)

炭化珪素粉末と焼結助剤及び表面官能基のうちヒドロキシル基とカルボキシル基の総和量が3μeq/m 2 以上に酸化処理した改質カーボンブラックとが1種類の分散剤とともに水中に分散してなり、分散液のpHが7〜11であることを特徴とする鋳込み成形用炭化珪素質粉末スラリー。A modified carbon black total amount of hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups are oxidized to 3μeq / m 2 or more of silicon carbide powder and the sintering aid and surface functional groups is dispersed in water together with one dispersing agent A silicon carbide powder slurry for casting molding, wherein the pH of the dispersion is 7-11. 炭化珪素粉末と焼結助剤及び表面官能基のうちヒドロキシル基とカルボキシル基の総和量が3μeq/m 2 以上に酸化処理した改質カーボンブラックとを1種類の分散剤を用いて水中に分散させ、分散液のpHを7〜11に調整することを特徴とする鋳込み成形用炭化珪素質粉末スラリーの調製方法。 Disperse silicon carbide powder, sintering aid, and modified carbon black that has been oxidized so that the total amount of hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups among surface functional groups is 3 μeq / m 2 or more in water using one type of dispersant. A method for preparing a silicon carbide powder slurry for casting, characterized by adjusting the pH of the dispersion to 7-11.
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