JP4230494B2 - 電気駆動ダンプトラックの駆動システム - Google Patents
電気駆動ダンプトラックの駆動システム Download PDFInfo
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- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02D29/06—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving electric generators
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- B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
- B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
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Description
手順112では、手順101で読み込んだアクセル操作量pを、図11に示す前進時の第1モータ目標出力馬力の関数Pm1(p)で表されるアクセル操作量対モータ目標出力馬力のデータマップに参照して、対応する第1モータ目標出力馬力Pm1を算出する(図2のブロック213)。
つまり、手順118(図4のブロック217)では、電動モータ12R,12Lに与えられる最終的なモータ出力目標馬力PmがPmax以上にならないように制限する。このモータ出力目標馬力Pmは、図1に示した指令馬力MR,MLに対応する(MR=ML=Pm)。
Tr1L=K1×Pm/ωL
K1:馬力と回転数からトルクを算出するための定数。
TrR=min(Tr1R,Trmax1,Trmax2)
TrL=min(Tr1L,Trmax1,Trmax2)
手順125では、手順105又は106で求めたエンジン目標回転数Nrを原動機4の電子ガバナ4aに指令する。
手順126では、インバータ制御装置7内のモータ制御演算部72R,72Lによって手順123で求めたモータトルク指令値TrR,TrLをインバータ73R,73Lに指令し、各電動モータ12R,12Lのトルク制御がなされる。
非走行時は、シフトレバー16をN(中立)位置にする。シフトレバー16をN(中立)位置にしたとき、電動モータ12R,12Lの目標馬力Pm0はPm0=0であり、モータ駆動は行われない。
通常走行時は、シフトレバー16をF(前進)位置とする。シフトレバー16をF(前進)位置にしたとき、電動モータ側では、手順112により計算された図11に示した前進時の第1モータ目標出力馬力の関数Pm1(p)のデータマップが選択され、関数Pm1(p)による第1モータ目標出力馬力Pm1がモータ目標出力馬力Pm0として与えられる。
微速走行時は、シフトレバー16をF(前進)位置とし、アクセルペダル1を少しだけ踏み込む。このとき、電動モータ側では、図11に示した前進時の第1モータ目標出力馬力の関数Pm1(p)による第1モータ目標出力馬力Pm1がモータ目標出力馬力Pm0として求められ、原動機側では、図6に示した非走行時の第1目標回転数の関数Nr1(p)による第1目標回転数Nr1が原動機4の目標回転数Nrとして求められるのは、通常走行時と同じである。
TrR=min(Tr1R,Trmax2)
TrL=min(Tr1L,Trmax2)
以後の手順125,126は図4に示した第1の実施の形態と同じであり、エンジン目標回転数Nrを原動機4の電子ガバナ4aに指令するとともに、モータトルク指令値TrR,TrLをインバータ73R,73Lに指令する。
2 リタードペダル
3 全体制御装置
4 原動機(ディーゼルエンジン)
5 交流発電機
6 整流回路
7 インバータ制御装置
8 チョッパ回路
9 グリッド抵抗
10 コンデンサ
11 整流後の電圧を検出するための抵抗
12R,12L 左右の電動モータ(誘導モータ)
13R,13L 減速機
14R,14L 左右の後輪(タイヤ)
15R,15L 電磁ピックアップセンサ
16 シフトレバー
18 その他の原動機負荷
71R,71L トルク指令演算部
72R,72L モータ制御演算部
73R,73L インバータ(スイッチング素子)
Nr1 第1目標回転数
Nr2 第2目標回転数
Nr 目標回転数
Pm1 第1モータ目標出力馬力
Pm2 第2モータ目標出力馬力
Pm0 モータ目標出力馬力
Pmax モータ出力馬力上限値
Pm モータ目標出力馬力
Tr1R,TrlL モータ目標トルク
Trmax2 モータ加速トルク
Trmax モータ許容最大トルク
TrR,TrL モータトルク指令値
関数Nr1(p) 第1目標回転数特性
関数Nr2(p) 第2目標回転数特性
関数Trmax2(p) 加速トルク制限値特性
Claims (7)
- 原動機と、
この原動機の回転数とトルクを制御する電子ガバナと、
前記原動機により駆動される交流発電機と、
前記原動機により駆動される作業用の油圧ポンプと、
前記交流発電機により電力が供給されて駆動する走行用の少なくとも2つの電動モータと、
前記交流発電機に接続され、それぞれ、前記電動モータを制御する少なくとも2つのインバータとを有する電気駆動ダンプトラックの駆動システムにおいて、
アクセルペダルと、
中立位置及び前進位置を含む複数の位置のいずれかに操作されるシフトレバーと、
前記アクセルペダルの操作量に応じて前記インバータを制御し、前記電動モータを制御するモータ制御手段と、
前記シフトレバーが中立位置にあるときは、前記作業用の油圧ポンプの駆動に適した第1目標回転数特性に基づいて前記アクセルペダルの操作量に応じた目標回転数を演算し、この目標回転数に基づいて前記電子ガバナを制御し、前記シフトレバーが前進位置にあるときは、前記電動モータの駆動に適した第2目標回転数特性に基づいて前記アクセルペダルの操作量に応じた目標回転数を演算し、この目標回転数に基づいて前記電子ガバナを制御する原動機制御手段とを備えることを特徴とする駆動システム。 - 請求項1記載の電気駆動ダンプトラックの駆動システムにおいて、
前記第1目標回転数特性は、前記アクセルペダルの操作量が0であるときは目標回転数が最小回転数であり、前記アクセルペダルの操作量が増加するにしたがって目標回転数が前記最小回転数から最大回転数まで増加するように設定され、前記第2目標回転数特性は、前記アクセルペダルの操作量が0又は0から予め定めた微少操作量の範囲内にあるときは目標回転数が前記最小回転数よりも高く前記最大回転数よりも低い中速回転数であり、前記アクセルペダルの操作量が増加するにしたがって目標回転数が前記中速回転数から高速回転数まで増加するように設定されていることを特徴とする駆動システム。 - 請求項2記載の電気駆動ダンプトラックの駆動システムにおいて、
前記第2目標回転数特性は、前記アクセルペダルの操作量が0から前記微少操作量までの範囲内にあるときは目標回転数が最小回転数であり、前記アクセルペダルの操作量が前記微少操作量に達すると目標回転数が前記中速回転数までステップ的に増加するよう設定されていることを特徴とする駆動システム。 - 請求項2又は3記載の電気駆動ダンプトラックの駆動システムにおいて、
前記最小回転数は700rpm〜800rpmの範囲内の回転数であり、前記中速回転数は900rpm〜1600rpmの範囲内の回転数であり、前記最大回転数及び前記高速回転数は1800rpm〜2100rpmの範囲内の回転数であることを特徴とする駆動システム。 - 請求項2又は3記載の電気駆動ダンプトラックの駆動システムにおいて、
前記アクセルペダルの所定の微少量の操作量は前記アクセルペダルの最大操作量の2〜8%の範囲内の操作量であることを特徴とする駆動システム。 - 請求項1記載の電気駆動ダンプトラックの駆動システムにおいて、
前記原動機制御手段は、前記第1目標回転数特性に基づいて前記アクセルペダルの操作量に応じた第1目標回転数を計算する第1目標回転数計算手段と、前記第2目標回転数特性に基づいて前記アクセルペダルの操作量に応じた第2目標回転数を計算する第2目標回転数計算手段と、前記シフトレバーが中立位置にあるときは、前記第1目標回転数計算手段により計算した第1目標回転数を選択し、前記シフトレバーが前進位置にあるときは前記第2目標回転数計算手段により計算した第2目標回転数を選択する目標回転数決定手段とを有することを特徴とする駆動システム。 - 請求項1記載の電気駆動ダンプトラックの駆動システムにおいて、
前記モータ制御手段は、
前記アクセルペダルの操作量に応じた第1モータ目標出力馬力を計算するモータ目標出力馬力計算手段と、
前記第1モータ目標出力馬力と前記2つの電動モータの回転数とに基づいてモータ目標トルクを計算するモータ目標トルク計算手段と、
前記アクセルペダルの操作量に応じた前記2つの電動モータの加速トルク制限値を計算する加速トルク制限値計算手段と、
前記モータ目標トルクが前記加速トルク制限値を超えないよう制限するモータトルク制限手段と、
前記加速トルク制限値により制限されたモータ目標トルクに基づいて前記インバータを制御するインバータ制御手段とを備えることを特徴とする駆動システム。
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