JP4223526B2 - Electric motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric motor having a permanent magnet in a rotor, and more particularly to an electric motor capable of changing the field characteristics of a permanent magnet of a rotor.

  As an electric motor, an inner circumferential rotor and an outer circumferential rotor each having a permanent magnet are arranged coaxially, and both rotors are rotated relative to each other in the circumferential direction (relative to both rotors). It is known that the field characteristics of the entire rotor can be changed by changing the phase) (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In this electric motor, when the relative phase of both rotors is changed according to the rotational speed of the electric motor, the outer rotor and the inner rotor are rotated by a member that is displaced along the radial direction by the action of centrifugal force. Either one of the children is rotated in the circumferential direction with respect to the other. In addition, when the relative phase of both rotors is changed according to the speed of the rotating magnetic field generated in the stator, a control current is applied to the stator winding in a state where each rotor maintains the rotation speed due to inertia. By energizing and changing the rotating magnetic field speed, the relative positions in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral rotor and the inner peripheral rotor are changed.

In this electric motor, the permanent magnets of the outer rotor and the inner rotor are opposed to each other with different polarities (with the same polarity arrangement), thereby strengthening the field of the entire rotor and increasing the induced voltage. On the contrary, the permanent magnets of the outer and inner rotors are opposed to each other with the same polarity (with a counter electrode arrangement), thereby weakening the field of the entire rotor and reducing the induced voltage.
JP 2002-204541 A

  However, in the case of this conventional electric motor, the conditions under which the relative phase between the outer peripheral rotor and the inner peripheral rotor can be changed are limited, and the relative phase can be freely changed when the motor is stopped or rotated arbitrarily. I can't. In particular, when used for driving a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, it is desired to instantaneously change to a desired motor characteristic according to the driving situation of the vehicle. It is important to increase the degree of freedom. Therefore, the present applicant is considering incorporating phase changing means with a high degree of freedom in changing the relative phase, but attracting and repelling acting between the permanent magnets of the inner and outer rotors. Power is an obstacle to the development of electric motors.

  That is, in the case of the above-described conventional electric motor, as shown in FIG. 7, the attractive / repulsive force of both permanent magnets acts in the rotational direction in accordance with the relative rotation of the inner peripheral rotor and the outer peripheral rotor. When changing the relative phases of the inner and outer rotors, a large force must be applied against the suction / repulsion force. For this reason, in the conventional electric motor, the loss of energy for operating the phase changing means becomes large, and the enlargement of the phase changing means cannot be avoided.

  Therefore, the present invention can suppress the influence of the attraction / repulsion force of the permanent magnet acting in the rotation direction when changing the relative phase of the inner and outer rotors, Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an electric motor capable of reducing energy loss and reducing the size of the phase changing means.

As means for solving the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a plurality of inner peripheral side permanent magnets (for example, inner peripheral side permanent magnets 9 in embodiments described later) are arranged along the circumferential direction. The inner circumferential rotor arranged (for example, the inner circumferential rotor 6 in an embodiment described later) and the outer circumferential side of the inner circumferential rotor are arranged coaxially and relatively rotatably, An outer rotor (for example, an outer rotor in an embodiment described later) in which a plurality of outer permanent magnets (for example, outer permanent magnets 50 and 53 in an embodiment described later) are disposed along the circumferential direction. 5) and phase changing means (for example, a rotating mechanism 11 in an embodiment to be described later) for relatively rotating the inner and outer rotors to change the relative phases of the two. The inner peripheral side permanent magnet has a magnetization direction of approximately The outer rotor is arranged such that the magnetization direction is substantially in the radial direction and the different magnetic poles are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction. The first rotor layer (for example, the first rotor layer 5A in the embodiment described later) in which the outer peripheral side permanent magnets are arranged so as to be aligned, the magnetization direction is substantially in the circumferential direction, and the circumferential direction A second rotor layer (for example, a second rotor layer 5B in an embodiment described later) in which the outer peripheral side permanent magnets are arranged so that adjacent ones face each other with the same magnetic poles, The first rotor layer and the second rotor layer are integrally formed in the axial direction .

  Thereby, between the inner rotor and the first rotor layer of the outer rotor, for example, from the state of a strong field where the inner permanent magnet and the outer permanent magnet face each other with different magnetic poles. The magnetic force acting in the attracting direction acts in the repulsion direction while changing to the field weakening state where the magnetic poles face each other. In addition, between the inner rotor and the second rotor layer of the outer rotor, for example, the strong magnetic field in which the inner permanent magnet faces the same pole as the outer permanent magnet on both sides in the rotation direction. The magnetic force acting in the repulsion direction acts in the attracting direction while the inner permanent magnet changes from the state of FIG. To come. Therefore, if the field state between the inner circumferential rotor-first rotor layer and the field state between the inner circumferential rotor-second rotor layer are set to coincide, the inner circumferential rotation The variable ratio of the field between the rotor and the outer rotor can be increased, and the magnetic action between the inner rotor and the first rotor layer and the inner rotor and the second rotor can be increased. It becomes possible to make the magnetic action between the rotor layers work in the direction of canceling each other.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the electric motor according to the first aspect, the outer peripheral side permanent magnet is configured to attract and repel the first rotor layer side and the second rotation with respect to the inner peripheral side permanent magnet. The suction / repulsion on the child layer side is set so as to be reversed at an arbitrary relative phase between the inner circumferential rotor and the outer circumferential rotor.
As a result, the suction / repulsion between the inner circumferential rotor-first rotor layer and the suction / repulsion between the inner circumferential rotor-second rotor layer are always reversed. When the relative phase of the outer rotor is changed, the influence of the reaction force by the permanent magnet is reduced.

The invention according to claim 3 is the electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral rotor is one of the first rotor layer and the second rotor layer. Is arranged in the center in the axial direction, and the other side is arranged on both sides in the axial direction.
Thereby, the reaction force in the suction direction and the reaction force in the repulsion direction acting on the outer peripheral rotor are balanced in the entire axial direction.

The invention according to claim 4 is an inner circumferential rotor (for example, an inner circumferential side permanent magnet (for example, an inner circumferential side permanent magnet 9 in an embodiment described later)) arranged along the circumferential direction. And an inner peripheral rotor 6) in an embodiment described later, and a plurality of outer peripheral sides so as to be coaxially and relatively rotatable on the outer peripheral side of the inner peripheral rotor and along the circumferential direction. An outer peripheral rotor (for example, an outer peripheral rotor 105 in an embodiment described later) provided with a permanent magnet (for example, an outer peripheral permanent magnet 150 in an embodiment described later), the inner rotor and the outer periphery side An electric motor comprising phase changing means (for example, a turning mechanism 11 in an embodiment described later) for rotating the rotor relative to each other to change the relative phase between the two, the inner peripheral side permanent magnet The magnetization direction is substantially the radial direction and the different magnetic poles are along the circumferential direction. The outer peripheral rotor has the outer peripheral permanent magnets arranged such that the magnetization direction is substantially in the radial direction and the different magnetic poles are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction. The sub-periphery side permanent magnet (for example, the sub-periphery side permanent magnet 153 in the embodiment described later) is such that the magnetization direction is substantially in the circumferential direction and the adjacent ones in the circumferential direction face each other with the same magnetic poles. The outer peripheral side permanent magnets are arranged such that the same magnetic poles are directed radially outward between the sub outer peripheral side permanent magnets opposed by the same magnetic poles .

  Thus, for example, during the transition from the strong field state where the inner peripheral side permanent magnet and the outer peripheral side permanent magnet face each other with different magnetic poles to the weak field state where the same magnetic poles face each other, it acts in the attraction direction. The magnetic force between the inner peripheral side permanent magnet and the outer peripheral side permanent magnet that has been applied acts in the repulsion direction. Also, for example, the inner peripheral permanent magnet is different from the sub outer peripheral permanent magnet on both sides in the rotational direction from the state of the strong magnetic field facing the same magnetic poles as the sub outer peripheral permanent magnet on both sides in the rotational direction. While changing to the state of field weakening facing each other between the magnetic poles, the magnetic force between the inner peripheral side permanent magnet and the sub outer peripheral side permanent magnet that has been acting in the repulsion direction acts in the attracting direction. Therefore, if the field state between the inner peripheral side permanent magnet and the outer peripheral side permanent magnet matches the field state between the inner peripheral side permanent magnet and the sub outer peripheral side permanent magnet, the inner peripheral side rotation It is possible to increase the variable ratio of the field between the rotor and the outer rotor, the magnetic action between the inner peripheral permanent magnet and the outer peripheral permanent magnet, and the inner peripheral permanent magnet to the sub outer peripheral permanent. It becomes possible to make the magnetic action between the magnets act in the direction of canceling each other.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the electric motor according to the fourth aspect, the outer peripheral side permanent magnet and the sub outer peripheral side permanent magnet are attracted and repelled on the outer peripheral side permanent magnet side and the sub outer peripheral side with respect to the inner peripheral side permanent magnet. The attraction / repulsion on the side permanent magnet side is set so as to be reversed at an arbitrary relative phase between the inner circumferential rotor and the outer circumferential rotor.
As a result, the attraction / repulsion between the inner peripheral side permanent magnet and the outer peripheral side permanent magnet and the attraction / repulsion between the inner periphery side permanent magnet and the sub outer peripheral side permanent magnet are always reversed. When the relative phase of the side rotor is changed, the influence of the reaction force by the permanent magnet is reduced.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the magnetic action between the inner circumferential rotor-first rotor layer and the inner circumferential rotor-second rotor can be achieved without reducing the variable field ratio. Since the magnetic action between the layers can be canceled each other, the influence of the attraction / repulsion force of the permanent magnet when the relative phase of the inner rotor and outer rotor is changed can be reduced. It becomes possible to reduce the energy loss for the phase change, and to reduce the size of the phase change means.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reliably reduce the influence of the attraction / repulsion force of the permanent magnet when the relative phase between the inner circumferential rotor and the outer circumferential rotor is changed.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, since the reaction force in the suction direction and the reaction force in the repulsion direction acting on the outer rotor are balanced in the entire axial direction, the phases of the inner rotor and the outer rotor are balanced. Control can be further stabilized.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the magnetic action between the inner peripheral side permanent magnet and the outer peripheral side permanent magnet and between the inner peripheral side permanent magnet and the sub outer peripheral side permanent magnet are obtained without reducing the variable ratio of the field. Can cancel each other out, so the influence of the attraction and repulsion force of the permanent magnet when the relative phase of the inner rotor and outer rotor is changed can be reduced. It becomes possible to reduce the energy loss for the change, and it is possible to reduce the size of the phase changing means.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reliably reduce the influence of the attraction / repulsion force of the permanent magnet when the relative phase between the inner circumferential rotor and the outer circumferential rotor is changed.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 will be described.

  The electric motor 1 of this embodiment is an inner rotor type brushless motor in which a rotor unit 3 is arranged on the inner peripheral side of an annular stator 2 as shown in FIG. Used as a drive source. The stator 2 has a multi-phase stator winding 2a, and the rotor unit 3 has a rotating shaft 4 at the shaft core. When used as a vehicle driving source, the rotational force of the electric motor 1 is transmitted to a wheel drive shaft (not shown) via a transmission (not shown). In this case, if the electric motor 1 functions as a generator when the vehicle is decelerated, it can be recovered as regenerative energy in the electric storage device. Further, in the hybrid vehicle, the rotating shaft 4 of the electric motor 1 can be further connected to a crankshaft (not shown) of the internal combustion engine so that it can be used for power generation by the internal combustion engine.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the rotor unit 3 includes an annular outer circumferential rotor 5 and an annular inner circumferential rotor 6 disposed coaxially inside the outer circumferential rotor 5. The outer peripheral side rotor 5 and the inner peripheral side rotor 6 are rotatable within a set angle range.

In the inner rotor 6, the rotor core 7, which is the rotor body, is formed in an annular shape, and a plurality of magnet mounting slots 7 a are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction at a position offset toward the outer periphery of the rotor core 7. Is formed. Each magnet mounting slot 7 a has a rectangular opening along the tangential direction of the rotor core 7 formed substantially parallel to the axis of the rotor core 7, and the rectangular opening extends from one end of the rotor core 7 in the axial direction. Crawling on the edge. Each of the magnet mounting slots 7a is mounted with a plate-like permanent magnet 9 magnetized in the thickness direction (hereinafter referred to as “inner peripheral side permanent magnet 9”).
Here, each inner peripheral side permanent magnet 9 has a magnetizing direction that faces the radial direction of the inner rotor 6 and is adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction when mounted in the magnet mounting slot 7a. For example, a magnetic pole facing radially outward is a different magnetic pole. That is, the inner peripheral permanent magnet 9 is arranged on the inner peripheral rotor 6 such that different magnetic poles are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction. In addition, a notch 10 for controlling the flow of magnetic flux is formed at a position between the magnet slots 7a and 7a adjacent in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the inner rotor 6.

  On the other hand, in the outer rotor 5, the rotor core 8, which is a rotor body, is formed in an annular shape like the inner rotor 6. As shown in FIG. 1, the outer peripheral rotor 5 has a second rotor layer 5B having a different sectional structure joined between first rotor layers 5A, 5A on both axial sides.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first rotor layer 5 </ b> A has a plurality of magnet mounting slots 8 a formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction at positions offset toward the inner peripheral side of the rotor core 8. Each magnet mounting slot 8a has a rectangular opening along the tangential direction of the rotor core 8 formed in parallel with the axis of the outer rotor 5, and the opening extends from one end of the first rotor layer 5A in the axial direction. Crawling on the edge. Each magnet mounting slot 8a is mounted with a flat permanent magnet 50 magnetized in the thickness direction (hereinafter referred to as “outer peripheral permanent magnet 50”). Also in the case of the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 50, as in the case of the inner peripheral side permanent magnet 9 of the inner peripheral side rotor 6, in the state where it is mounted in the magnet mounting slot 8 a, the magnetization direction is directed in the radial direction and adjacent to each other. Are different magnetic poles. That is, the outer peripheral side permanent magnets 50 are arranged on the first rotor layer 5A so that different magnetic poles are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction.
In FIG. 2, 51 is a bolt fastening hole formed at an intermediate position between adjacent magnet mounting slots 8a, 8a on the rotor iron core 8, and the drive plate 16 described later rotates through the bolt fastening hole 51 on the outer peripheral side. It is connected to the child 5. In FIG. 2, 52 is a magnetic flux barrier hole extending radially outward from both ends of the magnet mounting slot 8a in the rotor core 8 of the first rotor layer 5A.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the rotor core 8 of the second rotor layer 5B has a plurality of magnet mounting slots 8b formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Each of the magnet mounting slots 8b is formed such that a rectangular opening along the radial direction of the rotor core 8 extends from one end to the other end in the axial direction of the second rotor layer 5B. Each of the magnet mounting slots 8b is mounted with a flat plate-like permanent magnet 53 magnetized in the thickness direction (hereinafter referred to as “outer peripheral permanent magnet 53”). In the state where the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 53 is mounted in the magnet mounting slot 8b, the magnetization direction is substantially in the circumferential direction (more precisely, the tangential direction of the circle centered on the axis of the outer rotor 5). Those adjacent in the circumferential direction are opposed to each other with the same polarity. That is, in the second rotor layer 5B, the opposing arrangement of N poles and the opposing arrangement of S poles by the outer peripheral side permanent magnets 53 are alternately provided along the circumferential direction.

  The first rotor layer 5A and the second rotor layer 5B having the above-described configuration are arranged on the second rotor layer 5B side between the adjacent outer peripheral permanent magnets 50, 50 on the first rotor layer 5A side. The outer peripheral side permanent magnets 53 are coupled to each other so as to be positioned. And the magnetic poles of the outer peripheral side permanent magnets 50, 53 of both rotor layers 5A, 5B are adjacent to the second rotor layer 5B side when the two rotor layers 5A, 5B are viewed in the axial direction. Outer peripheral side permanent magnets 50 on the first rotor layer 5A side located between the outer peripheral side permanent magnets 53 and 53 (referred to as “adjacent magnets 53 and 53”) It faces the same polarity as the opposing magnetic pole. That is, for example, the outer peripheral side of the first rotor layer 5A is arranged between the outer peripheral permanent magnets 53 and 53 facing each other between the N poles of the second rotor layer 5B so that the radially outer surface is the N pole. The first rotor layer 5A is disposed between the outer peripheral side permanent magnets 53 and 53, where the permanent magnets 50 are arranged and facing each other between the south poles of the second rotor layer 5B, so that the radially outer surface is the south pole. The outer peripheral side permanent magnet 50 is arranged.

  By the way, the inner peripheral side permanent magnet 9 of the inner peripheral side rotor 6 and the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 50 of the first rotor layer 5A are provided in the same number, and the permanent magnets 9 and 50 correspond to each other on a one-to-one basis. It has become. For this reason, by making the permanent magnet 9 of the inner peripheral side rotor 6 and the permanent magnet 50 of the first rotor layer 5A face each other with different polarities (with the same polarity arrangement), the inner peripheral side rotor 6 and It is possible to obtain a strong field state in which the field between the first rotor layers 5A is most strengthened, and the permanent magnet 9 of the inner rotor 6 and the permanent magnet 50 of the first rotor layer 5A. Are opposed to each other with the same poles (disposed in different polarities), thereby obtaining a field-weakening state in which the field between the inner circumferential rotor 6 and the first rotor layer 5A is most weakened. it can.

  Further, the same number of areas are provided between the inner peripheral side permanent magnet 9 of the inner peripheral side rotor 6 and the adjacent outer peripheral side permanent magnets 53, 53 of the second rotor layer 5 </ b> B (hereinafter referred to as “between-pole areas”). The inner-periphery-side permanent magnet 9 and the area between the same poles on the second rotor layer 5B side have a one-to-one correspondence. For this reason, by making the permanent magnet 9 of the inner peripheral side rotor 6 and the magnet magnetic pole in the same pole area on the second rotor layer 5B side face each other, the inner peripheral side rotor 6 and the second rotor Can obtain a field-weakening state in which the field between the rotor layers 5B is weakened most by a magnetic path short circuit, and the permanent magnet 9 of the inner rotor 6 and the second rotor layer 5B side. By making the magnetic poles in the same-polarity area face each other, the field between the inner rotor 6 and the second rotor layer 5B is in a strong field state that is most enhanced by the so-called Halbach effect. Can be obtained.

  Further, in this rotor unit 3, since the first rotor layer 5A and the second rotor layer 5B have the magnet arrangement as described above, the inner circumferential rotor 6 and the first rotor are arranged. When the layer 5A is in the strong field state, the inner peripheral rotor 6 and the second rotor layer 5B are also in the strong field state, and the inner peripheral rotor 6 and the first rotor layer 5A are in the weak field state. In the state, the inner rotor 6 and the second rotor layer 5B are also in the field weakening state.

  However, when the inner rotor 6 and the first rotor layer 5A are in a strong field state, the inner peripheral rotor 9 and the outer magnet 50 are opposed to each other with different magnetic poles. 6 and the first rotor layer 5A are attracted by the permanent magnets 9 and 50 in the rotational direction, and when the inner rotor 6 and the second rotor layer 5B are in a strong field state, Since the magnetic poles of the peripheral permanent magnet 9 and the outer peripheral magnet 53 are opposite to each other, the repulsive force of the permanent magnets 9 and 53 is applied to the inner peripheral rotor 6 and the second rotor layer 5A in the rotational direction. Works. Conversely, when the inner rotor 6 and each of the rotor layers 5A and 5B are in a weak field state, the inner permanent magnet 9 and the outer magnet 50 are opposed to each other. Since the magnetic poles of the inner peripheral side permanent magnet 9 and the outer peripheral side magnet 53 are opposed to each other, the repulsive force of the permanent magnets 9 and 50 is generated between the inner peripheral side rotor 6 and the first rotor layer 5A. Acting in the rotational direction, the attractive force by the permanent magnets 9 and 53 acts in the rotational direction between the inner rotor 6 and the second rotor layer 5A.

  The rotor unit 3 includes a rotation mechanism 11 (phase changing means) for rotating the outer peripheral rotor 5 and the inner peripheral rotor 6 relative to each other. The rotating mechanism 11 is operated by the pressure of hydraulic oil that is an incompressible working fluid.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the rotating mechanism 11 includes a vane rotor 14 that is spline-fitted to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 4 and an annular housing that is relatively rotatable on the outer peripheral side of the vane rotor 14. 15, and the annular housing 15 is integrally fitted and fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the inner peripheral rotor 6, and the vane rotor 14 is provided on both side end portions of the annular housing 15 and the inner peripheral rotor 6. Are integrally coupled to the outer circumferential rotor 5 via a pair of disk-shaped drive plates 16, 16 straddling each other. Therefore, the vane rotor 14 is integrated with the rotary shaft 4 and the outer peripheral rotor 5, and the annular housing 15 is integrated with the inner peripheral rotor 6.

  In the vane rotor 14, a plurality of vanes 18 projecting radially outward are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of a cylindrical boss portion 17 that is spline-fitted to the rotary shaft 4. On the other hand, the annular housing 15 is provided with a plurality of concave portions 19 on the inner peripheral surface at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the corresponding vanes 18 of the vane rotor 14 are accommodated in the concave portions 19. Each recess 19 is constituted by a bottom wall 20 having an arc surface that substantially matches the rotational trajectory of the tip of the vane 18 and a substantially triangular partition wall 21 that separates the adjacent recesses 19, 19. The vane 18 can be displaced between the one partition wall 21 and the other partition wall 21 during relative rotation of the annular housing 15. In the case of this embodiment, the partition wall 21 also functions as a stopper that restricts the relative rotation of the vane rotor 14 and the annular housing 15 by contacting the vane 18. A seal member 22 is provided along the axial direction at the tip of each vane 18 and the tip of the partition wall 21, and the vane 18, the bottom wall 20 of the recess 19, and the partition wall 21 are provided by these seal members 22. And the outer peripheral surface of the boss portion 17 are liquid-tightly sealed.

  Further, the base portion 15a of the annular housing 15 fixed to the inner peripheral rotor 6 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a constant thickness, and is also provided with respect to the inner peripheral rotor 6 and the partition wall 21 as shown in FIG. Projects outward in the axial direction. Each end projecting outward of the base portion 15a is slidably held in an annular guide groove 16a formed in the drive plate 16, and the annular housing 15 and the inner peripheral rotor 6 are connected to the outer peripheral rotor. 5 and the rotating shaft 4 are supported in a floating state.

  The drive plates 16 and 16 on both sides connecting the outer rotor 5 and the vane rotor 14 are slidably in close contact with both side surfaces (both end surfaces in the axial direction) of the annular housing 15, and the side of each recess 19 of the annular housing 15. Respectively. Therefore, each recessed part 19 forms the independent space part by the boss | hub part 17 of the vane rotor 14, and the drive plates 16 and 16 of both sides, and this space part becomes the introduction space 23 in which hydraulic fluid is introduce | transduced. Each introduction space 23 is divided into two chambers by the corresponding vanes 18 of the vane rotor 14, and one room is an advance side working chamber 24 and the other room is a retard side working chamber 25. The advance side working chamber 24 rotates the inner circumferential side rotor 6 relative to the outer circumferential side rotor 5 in the advance direction by the pressure of the working fluid introduced inside, and the retard side working chamber 25 is The inner rotor 6 is rotated relative to the outer rotor 5 in the retard direction by the pressure of the working fluid introduced therein. In this case, “advance angle” means that the inner rotor 6 is advanced in the rotation direction of the electric motor 1 indicated by the arrow R in FIGS. 2 and 3 with respect to the outer rotor 5. “Angle” means that the inner rotor 6 is advanced to the opposite side of the rotation direction R of the electric motor 1 with respect to the outer rotor 5.

  Further, supply and discharge of hydraulic oil to and from the advance side working chamber 24 and the retard side working chamber 25 are performed through the rotating shaft 4. Specifically, the advance side working chamber 24 is connected to the advance side supply / discharge passage 26 of the hydraulic control device, and the retard side operation chamber 25 is connected to the retard side supply / discharge passage 27 of the hydraulic control device. However, as shown in FIG. 1, a part of the advance side supply / discharge passage 26 and the retard side supply / discharge passage 27 are formed by passage holes 26a, 27a formed along the axial direction of the rotary shaft 4, respectively. It is configured. The end portions of the passage holes 26a and 27a are respectively connected to an annular groove 26b and an annular groove 27b formed at two positions offset in the axial direction of the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 4, and the respective annular grooves 26b and 27b. Are connected to a plurality of conduction holes 26c... 27c formed in the boss portion 17 of the vane rotor 14 along the substantially radial direction. Each conduction hole 26c of the advance side supply / discharge passage 26 connects the annular groove 26b and each advance side working chamber 24, and each conduction hole 27c of the retard side supply / exhaust passage 27 connects to the annular groove 27b and each retard side. The working chamber 25 is connected.

  The electric motor 1 can arbitrarily change the state of the strong field and the state of the weak field by controlling the supply and discharge of hydraulic oil to and from the advance side working chamber 24 and the retard side working chamber 25. Thus, when the strength of the magnetic field is changed, the induced voltage constant is changed accordingly, and as a result, the characteristics of the electric motor 1 are changed. That is, when the induced voltage constant increases due to the strong field, the allowable rotational speed at which the motor 1 can be operated decreases, but the maximum torque that can be output increases. Conversely, when the induced voltage constant decreases due to the weak field, Although the maximum torque that can be output from the electric motor 1 decreases, the allowable rotational speed at which the motor 1 can operate increases.

  As described above, in the electric motor 1 of this embodiment, the rotating mechanism 11 that changes the phase angle between the inner peripheral rotor 6 and the outer peripheral rotor 5 is operated by hydraulic pressure. Can be quickly and freely changed at an arbitrary timing.

  And in this electric motor 1, since it has set so that the field state between each rotor layer 5A, 5B of the inner peripheral side rotor 6 and the outer peripheral side rotor 5 may correspond, internal rotation side rotation A large variable ratio can be secured when the rotor 6 and the outer rotor 5 are relatively rotated. In addition, a large induced voltage constant is secured between the inner circumferential rotor 6 and the second rotor layer 5B by a so-called Halbach effect by the inner circumferential permanent magnet 9 and the outer circumferential permanent magnet 53 in a strong field state. As a result, the output torque of the electric motor 1 can be easily increased.

In the case of the electric motor 1, when the attracting action by the permanent magnets 9 and 50 acts between the inner peripheral rotor 6 and the first rotor layer 5 </ b> A, the inner peripheral rotor 6 and the second rotor layer When the repulsive action by the permanent magnets 9 and 50 works between the inner peripheral side rotor 6 and the first rotor layer 5A, the inner peripheral side works. Since the permanent magnets 9 and 53 are set so that the attraction action acts between the rotor 6 and the second rotor layer 5B, the attraction / repulsion between the inner circumference side rotor 6 and the outer circumference side rotor 5 is performed. The action can be almost canceled as a whole.
FIG. 5 shows changes in torque of the inner peripheral side permanent magnet 9 and the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 50 on the first rotor layer 5A side when the inner peripheral side rotor 6 and the outer peripheral side rotor 5 are relatively rotated. The change in torque of the inner peripheral side permanent magnet 9 and the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 53 on the second rotor layer 5B side is indicated by a one-dot chain line, and the change in these combined torques is indicated by a solid line. . As is apparent from this characteristic diagram, in the electric motor 1 of this embodiment, the relative torque of the integrated permanent magnets 9, 50, 53 acting between the inner rotor 6 and the outer rotor 5 is at an overall level. Is low and the fluctuation range is small.
Therefore, in this electric motor 1, since the influence of the attraction / repulsive force of the permanent magnets 9, 50, 53 when the phases of the inner circumferential rotor 6 and the outer circumferential rotor 5 are changed can be reduced. Therefore, the rotation mechanism 11 and the hydraulic pump (not shown) can be reduced in size. In addition, since the fluctuation range of the relative torque of the permanent magnets 9, 50, 53 is reduced, there is an advantage that phase control by the hydraulic control device can be performed easily and stably.

  Furthermore, in the electric motor 1 of this embodiment, since the second rotor layer 5B is sandwiched between the pair of first rotor layers 5A, 5A, the suction direction reaction acting on the outer peripheral rotor is counteracted. The force and the reaction force in the repulsion direction are balanced in the entire axial direction, the internal stress balance is improved and the phase control is more stable.

The outer rotor 5 may simply couple the two rotor layers 5A and 5B in the axial direction, although the above-described balance advantage cannot be obtained. Further, two or more rotor layers 5A and 5B may be alternately arranged in the axial direction.
Further, the magnetic reaction force acting between the inner peripheral side permanent magnet 9 and the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 50 of the electric motor 1 and the magnetic reaction force acting between the inner peripheral side permanent magnet 9 and the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 53 are both The absolute values at arbitrary relative positions of the rotors 6 and 5 may be set to be substantially the same, but the absolute value of one magnetic reaction force is made larger than the absolute value of the other magnetic reaction force. May be. In this case, for example, the relative phase when the rotation mechanism 11 is not operated can be automatically returned to the strong field side or the weak field side.

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the second embodiment of the present invention corresponding to FIG. 2 or 3 of the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the second embodiment will be described, but the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and a part of the overlapping description will be omitted.
In the electric motor 101 of this embodiment, the arrangement of the stator (not shown) and the rotor unit 3 and the structure of the rotation mechanism 11 are the same as those of the first embodiment. Is different from that of the first embodiment.
That is, the outer peripheral side rotor 105 of the electric motor 101 is not formed by joining two types of rotor layers having different cross-sectional structures as the outer peripheral side rotor 5 of the first embodiment. It has a uniform cross-sectional structure as shown in FIG. The rotor core 108 has a magnet mounting slot 108 a in which a rectangular opening along the tangential direction is formed in parallel with the axis of the outer rotor 105, and a rectangular opening along the radial direction of the outer rotor 105. Magnet mounting slots 108b formed in parallel to the axis are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the outer peripheral permanent magnet 150 and the sub outer peripheral permanent magnet 153 are mounted in each of the magnet mounting slots 108a and 108b. Both the outer peripheral permanent magnet 150 and the sub outer peripheral permanent magnet 153 are formed in a flat plate shape and are magnetized in the thickness direction. When the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 150 is mounted in the magnet mounting slot 108a, the magnetization direction is the radial direction, and the magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are different magnetic poles. Further, in the state in which the secondary outer peripheral side permanent magnet 153 is mounted in the magnet mounting slot 108b, the magnetization direction is substantially in the circumferential direction, and adjacent ones in the circumferential direction are opposed to each other with the same polarity. Yes.

Also in the case of the electric motor 101, the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 150 is in a strong field state by facing the inner peripheral side permanent magnet 9 of the inner peripheral side rotor 6 with different magnetic poles, and is opposed to each other with the same magnetic poles. As a result, the field is weakened. On the other hand, the sub outer peripheral side permanent magnet 153 is in a strong field state by causing the magnet poles in the same pole area to face the inner circumference side permanent magnet 9 of the inner rotor 6 with the same poles. the magnet poles between areas on the inner circumference side permanent magnets 9 on the inner periphery side rotor 6 in a state of weak field by facing in different magnetic poles.

  Therefore, in the case of this electric motor 101, since the field by the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 150 and the field by the sub outer peripheral side permanent magnet 153 are combined so that the weaker peaks almost coincide with each other, the variable ratio of the field is sufficiently high. In addition, since the attraction / repulsion action by the outer peripheral side permanent magnet 150 and the attraction / repulsion action by the sub-periphery side permanent magnet 153 are always reversed, the permanent magnets 9, 150, The influence of the suction / repulsion force 153 can be reduced, the energy loss for phase change can be reduced, and the rotation mechanism 11 and the hydraulic pump for driving the mechanism can be downsized.

  The electric motor 101 of this embodiment can obtain substantially the same effect as the first embodiment in addition to the above description, but the outer peripheral rotor 105 is formed in a uniform cross section. There is an advantage that the outer rotor 105 can be easily manufactured, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced accordingly.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various design change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary. For example, in the second embodiment, the outer peripheral side permanent magnets 150 and the sub outer peripheral side permanent magnets 153 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, but the sub outer peripheral side permanent magnets 153 are equally spaced in the circumferential direction. The outer peripheral side permanent magnets 150 may be disposed only in the same interpolar area of the adjacent sub outer peripheral side permanent magnets 153 and 153.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of an electric motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The side view of the rotor unit which cut | disconnected only the outer peripheral side rotor of the embodiment along the AA line of FIG. The side view of the rotor unit which cut | disconnected only the outer peripheral side rotor of the embodiment along the BB line of FIG. The disassembled perspective view of the rotor unit of the embodiment. The relative torque-electrical angle characteristic view of the same embodiment. The side view of the rotor unit of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The relative torque-electrical angle characteristic figure in a prior art.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,101 ... Electric motor 5,105 ... Outer peripheral side rotor 5A ... First rotor layer 5B ... Second rotor layer 6 ... Inner peripheral side rotor 9 ... Inner peripheral side permanent magnet 11 ... Turning mechanism (phase (Change means)
50, 53, 150 ... outer peripheral side permanent magnet 153 ... sub outer peripheral side permanent magnet

Claims (5)

An inner circumferential rotor in which a plurality of inner circumferential permanent magnets are arranged along the circumferential direction;
An outer peripheral rotor that is coaxially and relatively rotatably disposed on the outer peripheral side of the inner peripheral rotor, and in which a plurality of outer peripheral permanent magnets are disposed along the circumferential direction,
Phase changing means for changing the relative phase of the inner and outer rotors by relatively rotating the inner and outer rotors;
An electric motor with
The inner peripheral permanent magnet is arranged such that the magnetization direction is substantially in the radial direction and the different magnetic poles are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction,
The outer circumferential rotor is
A first rotor layer in which the outer peripheral permanent magnets are arranged such that the magnetization direction is substantially in the radial direction and the different magnetic poles are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction;
A second rotor layer in which the outer peripheral side permanent magnet is arranged such that the magnetization direction faces the substantially circumferential direction and the adjacent ones in the circumferential direction face each other with the same magnetic poles,
The electric motor, wherein the first rotor layer and the second rotor layer are integrally provided in the axial direction .   The outer peripheral side permanent magnet is configured such that attraction and repulsion on the first rotor layer side and attraction and repulsion on the second rotor layer side with respect to the inner peripheral side permanent magnet are The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the electric motor is set to be reversed at an arbitrary relative phase of the rotor.   The outer peripheral rotor is characterized in that one of the first rotor layer and the second rotor layer is disposed in the center in the axial direction and the other side is disposed on both sides in the axial direction. The electric motor according to any one of 1 and 2. An inner circumferential rotor in which a plurality of inner circumferential permanent magnets are arranged along the circumferential direction;
An outer peripheral rotor that is coaxially and relatively rotatably disposed on the outer peripheral side of the inner peripheral rotor, and in which a plurality of outer peripheral permanent magnets are disposed along the circumferential direction,
Phase changing means for changing the relative phase of the inner and outer rotors by relatively rotating the inner and outer rotors;
An electric motor with
The inner peripheral permanent magnet is arranged such that the magnetization direction is substantially in the radial direction and the different magnetic poles are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction,
The outer circumferential rotor is
The outer peripheral side permanent magnet is arranged so that the magnetization direction is substantially in the radial direction and the different magnetic poles are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction,
The secondary outer peripheral side permanent magnet is arranged so that the magnetization direction faces the substantially circumferential direction and the adjacent ones in the circumferential direction face each other with the same magnetic poles,
The electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the outer peripheral permanent magnet is disposed between the sub outer peripheral permanent magnets opposed by the same magnetic pole so that the same magnetic pole faces radially outward .   The outer peripheral side permanent magnet and the sub outer peripheral side permanent magnet are arranged so that the outer peripheral side permanent magnet side attracting and repelling and the sub outer peripheral side permanent magnet side attracting and repelling with respect to the inner peripheral side permanent magnet are The electric motor according to claim 4, wherein the electric motor is set to be reversed at an arbitrary relative phase of the side rotor.

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