JP4208980B2 - Photo shooting management method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to management of a measurement system and a database for facilitating three-dimensional measurement of a construction object by photogrammetry, and in particular, obtains a construction model of a construction site using image data of a digital camera. The present invention relates to a photography management method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In conventional photogrammetry, an object to be measured such as topography at a construction site is photographed (stereo photography) from two different points in the ground space, and the object to be measured is based on the two photographed images. Three-dimensional coordinates are calculated, and three-dimensional shape information and a three-dimensional model of the object to be measured are created. The above photographic images are selected from a plurality of photographed images taken by a worker at a construction site by determining a plurality of photographing positions suitable for three-dimensional measurement at the construction equipment and a photographing device such as a camera. It is. At this time, on the construction site, a ground control point indicating a ground control point such as a plurality of reference points whose ground coordinates are known and a plurality of points (pass points) photographed in common with two images (referred to as measurement models) to be photographed in stereo. The device is pre-installed. Next, the operator determines the relative positional relationship at the time of photographing the two images (mutual orientation) based on the orientation points on the measurement model, and further determines the ground coordinates of the orientation points (ground orientation). ) Then, from the relationship between the coordinate system on the image determined by the orientation analysis work and the ground coordinate system, three-dimensional coordinate data of each position of an arbitrary measurement object on the image is obtained. In addition, the above work is performed on a plurality of measurement models, and a three-dimensional model (finished model) of the construction site can be created by connecting the three-dimensional data of the measured object obtained from each measurement model.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional photogrammetry, in order to select a photographing device and determine a photographing position, detailed knowledge and experience about the photographing method are required. In addition, each data such as project information such as camera used, lens focal length, shooting information such as shooting position and shooting direction, and stereo model information such as photo name and orientation point measurement data are individually managed as files. When making various preparations before the work, the worker has to take out the files of the previous and subsequent processes and prepare the work, which has the disadvantage of poor work efficiency. Moreover, since each work requires specialized knowledge, it is necessary to keep working closely with each worker, and it is difficult to produce photogrammetric results in a short time. There was a problem.
[0004]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem. The digital image data taken in stereo is managed in a database, and various data are managed over the entire photogrammetry based on the data. Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a photography management method capable of efficiently performing photogrammetry and management from photography to creation of a model.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention uses a series of digital image data taken with a digital camera from the ground including the construction site and its surroundings to obtain the completed three-dimensional data to be used for construction management. When seeking, save and manage various data of work processes from "plan preparation"-"photographing"-"measurement"-"finished form", and perform photogrammetry using the data saved in the database a photography management method, in the database, the image data and the reference point data of a plan view of a construction site as the measurement and calculation information, and a type of using the camera as an imaging device information lens focal length Prefecture A first step of inputting as project information ;
Shadow position shooting by using the project information, determines a photographing direction, a second step of performing photography construction site where a predetermined orientation point device is a device according to a reference point from the imaging points is arranged,
The photographing point name as a photographing condition, the photographing position, a third to store the captured Direction and the second of said database to generate an imaging point information that links the digital image data of the construction site captured in step Steps,
The digital image data linked to the photographing position and photographing direction as the photographing point information , the photographing device information as the project information and the reference point data are linked, and the model name and the left and right photographs are linked to the digital image data. measure the orientation points measurement data with the addition of a number, the fourth generating the stereo model information each digital image data to the model and the left and right photo ID and the above orientation point measurement data is added Steps,
A fifth step of selecting an image to be used as a measurement model based on the stereo model information, performing orientation analysis, adding the result to the stereo model information, and storing the result in the database;
A sixth step of designating a measurement range that is a measurable range of the object to be measured from among the ranges photographed in common in the two images of the measurement model selected in the fifth step;
A seventh step of generating three-dimensional measurement information including a three-dimensional measurement range that is a range of an object to be actually measured with three-dimensional coordinates ;
By using the above-described stereo model information and three-dimensional measurement information, to create a three-dimensional coordinate data of the object to be measured, an eighth step of generating a 3-dimensional coordinate data and the break line data is able to type information With
It is characterized by being able to guide and perform photogrammetry work.
The above project information includes work management information such as the measurement target area, work start date and time, the person in charge of the work, shooting device information such as the model of the camera used, lens focal length, camera calibration data , reference point data, background This is information used when taking a photograph such as measurement / calculation information such as image data and coordinate conversion parameters. Shooting point information for each captured each photo digital images were each shot point name, the photographing position, which is information that links the photographing conditions such as the shooting direction and actually photographed image data. The stereo model information is information on the measurement model such as the model name of the digital image data, the course number, the left and right photo numbers, the orientation point measurement data, the relative orientation parameters, the ground orientation parameters, the course adjustment data, and the handle adjustment data. Also, three-dimensional measurement information is information for generating a three-dimensional coordinate data, such as three-dimensional measurement range, can form information, 3-dimensional coordinate data, blur, such as glue shoulders and glue hips Lee Klein data, section data It is the information regarding the three-dimensional data of the construction site such as.
[0006]
The invention according to claim 2 of the present invention in a photography management method according to claim 1, in the range 3-dimensional measurement range of the measurement object that is commonly captured during the two images of the measurement model When a certain measurable range is exceeded, a measurement model composed of an image adjacent to the measurement model is selected based on the stereo model information and the three-dimensional measurement information, and the object to be measured is selected using the selected measurement model. The three-dimensional coordinate data of the measurement object is calculated.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a photography management apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, and an input unit 2 for inputting the camera model, lens focal length, and the like used for photography to the photography management apparatus 1. The database 3 that stores various data such as the input data, the image data captured by the digital camera, and the information on the shooting points, and the operations from photography to creation of a model based on the various data stored in the database. A control means 4 to assist, a display 5 and a printer 6 are provided. The control unit 4 manages the shooting plan at the shooting device or the construction site, and generates shooting point information such as shooting data, shooting position and shooting direction of the image data, and the shooting point information. The orientation analysis management means 8 for selecting a measurement model and performing orientation analysis to generate stereo model information such as a relative orientation parameter, and calculating three-dimensional data of the measurement object on the construction site based on the stereo model information. A three-dimensional processing means 9 and an inter-model joint management means 10 for joining the three-dimensional information of each model to generate a finished model are provided. The three-dimensional data processing means 9 and the model joint management means 10 are controlled by a three-dimensional measurement information management means 11.
[0008]
Next, a method for performing shooting plan management by the photo shooting management apparatus 1 will be described. First, before taking a photograph of the construction site, a topographic map of the construction site to be measured is read into a personal computer using a scanner, and image data of a plan view of the construction site as shown in FIG. 2 is created. This image data is background image data for simulating a shooting plan and measurement accuracy. In order to set the coordinate system for the background image data, the background corresponding to the point P ₁ (X ₁ , Y ₁ ) and the point P ₂ (X ₂ , Y ₂ ) whose ground coordinates are known in the topographic map. A Helmat transform coefficient is calculated using the coordinate data of the point p ₁ (x ₁ , y ₁ ) and the point p ₂ (x ₂ , y ₂ ) on the image data. And the coordinate of the arbitrary point p (x, y) of the said background image data can be converted into the ground coordinate P (X, Y) using the said Helmart conversion coefficient.
[0009]
Next, the operator inputs the camera model and lens focal length used for shooting, and on the background image data, as shown in FIG. 2, the shooting position (marked with □) and shooting direction (same figure). Schedule). In addition, by designating the location of the orientation points (black triangles in the figure) on the screen, the orientation point placement plan is also performed. In addition, the shooting position and orientation point arrangement plan can be printed and confirmed by the printer 6. The worker also inputs height data such as a break line in the background image data. The photography management apparatus 1 determines whether or not efficient stereo photography is possible at the plurality of inputted photographing positions, for example, whether or not the selected measurement model has enough elevation points necessary for orientation analysis. Judgment is made and whether or not the input photographing point is appropriate is displayed to the operator. Based on the shooting plan such as the selected shooting position, the worker takes a picture with a digital camera at the actual construction site. When taking a picture of the construction site, an orientation point device that indicates an orientation point such as a pass point or a reference point is provided at the construction site. This orientation point device is provided with a reflective sticker at the center and serves as a guide for determining the coordinate position on the actual image data of the photographed digital camera. The actual image data of the digital camera taken at the actual construction site after taking the picture is registered and stored in the database 3 together with the background image data, project information such as the camera used, and shooting point information such as the shooting position and shooting direction. The actual image data is registered as shooting point information.
Therefore, the operator can make a plan for photography at the construction site in advance even without advanced photogrammetry technology. it can. In addition, project information such as the camera used and background image data, and shooting point information such as the shooting position and shooting direction are registered and linked to the actual image data in the database 3, so that information management is easy. Even if the worker is changed, it is not necessary to collect the person in charge or to prepare a plurality of files, so it is possible to cope with it immediately.
[0010]
The orientation analysis is performed using actual image data of a digital camera in which project information such as reference point data, background image data, coordinate conversion parameters, and the like registered and stored in the database 3 is linked with shooting point information. First, as shown in FIG. 3, the display screen of the display 5 displays background image data in which a shooting position and a shooting direction are entered and actual shot image data. Further, the actual image data is displayed in principle in the order in which the shooting locations are adjacent. Since the actual image data of the digital camera, the background image data, and the shooting point information are linked, if the operator selects an image to be used as a measurement model from the display screen, the orientation analysis management means 8 will measure the image and the measurement. Automatically select images that can be modeled and show them to the operator. The operator may select an image to be subjected to orientation analysis, for example, a measurement model composed of the images 011 and 012 from the instructed images.
The orientation points in the displayed images 011 and 012 are automatically identified by the orientation analysis management means 8 by detecting the brightness of the image of the reflective seal of the orientation point device, as shown in FIG. In this way, the operator displays the stereo model information such as the three-dimensional coordinates of the orientation points and the camera coordinates in accordance with the instructions on the display screen based on the bright points of the two photos. Can be called to perform orientation analysis of the measurement model. The result of orientation analysis is added to stereo model information and registered and stored.
The above orientation work requires some knowledge and experience of photogrammetry, but since the procedure for orientation analysis is determined in advance, as described above, data that links project information and shooting point information to digital image data Is registered in the database 3, the operator can perform orientation analysis only by performing simple operations such as specifying the orientation point.
[0011]
The stereo model information is added and registered together with the shooting point information to the two image data subjected to the orientation analysis. Therefore, since the coordinate system based on the orientation analysis result is already prepared for the image data displayed to the worker, when the operator wants to obtain the three-dimensional coordinate data, the worker, for example, as shown in FIG. If the 3D measurement range of the object to be measured is specified by tracing the object to be measured on the screen, the 3D measurement management means 11 transfers the stereo information to the 3D data processing means 9 and designates it. The three-dimensional data of the measured range can be calculated by an analysis method using a conventional displacement correction coordinate system. The calculated three-dimensional data of the object to be measured is registered in the database 3 as product information. Then, each measurement model is sequentially analyzed, and the three-dimensional coordinate data of the construction site is accumulated by registering the three-dimensional data of the object to be measured in each measurement model in the database 3 as the shape information.
[0012]
For example, when measuring three-dimensional data of an object to be measured using a plurality of measurement models, such as on the cross section A1-A2 shown in FIG. 6A, the shooting position and the measurable range are stored in the database 3 for each measurement model. Therefore, the inter-model joint management unit 10 can measure the measurement model K01 after sequentially analyzing the measurement model K01 photographed from the photographing points 011 and 012 as shown in FIG. 6B. If the range is exceeded, the measurement is taken from the photographing points 033 and 034 as shown in FIG. 6C based on the positional relationship of the measurement model registered in the database 3, the measurable range, and the measurement execution range in the measurement model K01. The model K03 is called from the database 3 and the measurement model is replaced. The three-dimensional data processing means 9 continues the three-dimensional measurement of the cross section A1-A2 using the measurement model K03. Therefore, since the worker can work without being aware of the model boundary in the measurement, even a general worker can calculate the three-dimensional data of the object to be measured.
Further, display data such as contour display of measurement data as shown in FIG. 7 can be created from the three-dimensional data of the measurement object calculated by the three-dimensional data processing means 9. Furthermore, by using the blur Lee Klein information such as glue shoulder K1 Yanori Ass K 2, as shown in FIG. 8, it is also possible to set edit shake Lee Klein construction site.
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the photography management method according to claim 1, it is used for construction management by using a series of digital image data taken with a digital camera from the ground including the construction site and its surroundings. When obtaining the 3D data of the completed shape, the database will manage various data of the work process from "Planning preparation"-"Shooting"-"Measurement"-"Completed", and the camera used, lens focal length Based on project information such as reference point data, shooting point information such as shooting point name, shooting position, shooting direction, and image data, stereo model information such as model name, left and right photo numbers, and control point measurement data, and 3 3D measurement information such as a 3D measurement range, and 3D coordinate data, work shape information such as break line data, etc. can be generated by data processing, and work such as photogrammetry is conducted. Therefore, even without the advanced photogrammetry technology, the operator can make a plan for the photo shoot at the construction site in advance, and the setting of the photo control point device and the photo shoot are efficient. Can be done. In addition, since data that links project information and shooting point information to digital image data is registered in the database, the worker can perform orientation analysis simply by performing instructions such as specifying the orientation point, Three-dimensional data of the measurement object can be calculated.
[0014]
Further, according to the photography management method according to claim 2, wherein, beyond the measurable range is the range that is commonly captured three-dimensional measurement range during the two images of the measurement model of the object to be measured In this case, a measurement model composed of an image adjacent to the measurement model is selected based on the stereo model information and the three-dimensional measurement information, and the three-dimensional coordinate data of the object to be measured is selected using the selected measurement model. so was to calculate the, the operator can be determined promptly by using an operation without being conscious of the boundary of the measurement model. Thus the, it is possible to easily calculate the 3-dimensional coordinate data of the object in general worker.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a photography management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of setting of photographing points and orientation points at a construction site according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a display screen on which an actual image by a shooting point and a digital image at a construction site according to an embodiment of the present invention is displayed.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a measurement model according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a method of calculating three-dimensional data of an object to be measured according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining replacement of a plurality of measurement models according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of contour display of measurement data according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a breakline setting editing example according to the embodiment of the present invention;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Photographing management apparatus 2 Input means 3 Database 4 Control means 5 Display 6 Printer 7 Photographing management means 8 Orientation analysis management means 9 Three-dimensional data processing means 10 Inter-model joint management means 11 Three-dimensional measurement information management means

Claims (2)

“Planning preparation”-“Shooting” when obtaining 3D data for construction management using a series of digital image data taken with a digital camera from the ground including the construction site and its surroundings. ”-“ Measurement ”-“ Finished form ”is a photography management method for storing and managing various data of work processes in a database and performing photogrammetry using the data stored in the database. , image data and the reference point data of a plan view of a construction site as the measurement and calculation information, and a first step of inputting a type of use camera as the photographing device information lens focal length Prefecture as project information,
Shadow position shooting by using the project information, determines a photographing direction, a second step of performing photography construction site where a predetermined orientation point device is a device according to a reference point from the imaging points is arranged,
The photographing point name as a photographing condition, the photographing position, a third to store the captured Direction and the second of said database to generate an imaging point information that links the digital image data of the construction site captured in step Steps,
The digital image data linked to the photographing position and photographing direction as the photographing point information , the photographing device information as the project information and the reference point data are linked, and the model name and the left and right photographs are linked to the digital image data. measure the orientation points measurement data with the addition of a number, the fourth generating the stereo model information each digital image data to the model and the left and right photo ID and the above orientation point measurement data is added Steps,
A fifth step of selecting an image to be used as a measurement model based on the stereo model information, performing orientation analysis, adding the result to the stereo model information, and storing the result in the database;
A sixth step of designating a measurement range that is a measurable range of the object to be measured from among the ranges photographed in common in the two images of the measurement model selected in the fifth step;
A seventh step of generating three-dimensional measurement information including a three-dimensional measurement range that is a range of an object to be actually measured with three-dimensional coordinates ;
By using the above-described stereo model information and three-dimensional measurement information, to create a three-dimensional coordinate data of the object to be measured, an eighth step of generating a 3-dimensional coordinate data and the break line data is able to type information With
A photography management method characterized by being able to guide and perform photogrammetry work. When the three-dimensional measurement range of the object to be measured exceeds the measurement range is the range that is commonly captured during the two images of the measurement model is based on the stereo model information and three-dimensional measurement information The measurement model comprising an image adjacent to the measurement model is selected, and the three-dimensional coordinate data of the object to be measured is calculated using the selected measurement model. Photography management method.

Images