JP4292744B2 - Waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a waste processing apparatus used when processing waste.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, when disposing of waste such as municipal waste, waste plastic, waste materials, and scrap cars, the combustible material is burned and the incombustible material is landfilled by sorting the waste into combustible and incombustible materials. As another processing method for a product, there is a method using a combination of a pyrolysis furnace 1 and a processing apparatus 2 as shown in FIG.
[0003]
The pyrolysis furnace 1 is a kiln-type pyrolysis furnace that rotates a kiln 4 through a motor 3, and heats the waste put into the kiln 4 to about 400 ° C. to 800 ° C. with a low oxygen concentration of several percent. A dropping hopper 5 is connected to the side of the pyrolysis furnace 1. Here, the pyrolysis furnace 1 may be a fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace capable of treating waste using sand, or may be another type of pyrolysis furnace.
[0004]
The dropping hopper 5 is provided with discharge means 6 capable of discharging pyrolysis gas at the top and a sealing device 7 below, and the sealing device 7 is a multi-stage flap damper that opens and closes alternately so as to seal the upper space and the lower space. 8 (two stages in FIG. 4), and the processing device 2 is provided below the sealing device 7.
[0005]
The processing device 2 includes an indirect cooler 9 connected to the sealing device 7 and a sorting device 11 connected from the indirect cooler 9 via the transfer conveyor 10. The indirect cooler 9 is an indirect cooler. The screw 12 is provided with a screw shaft 14 that is rotated by a motor 13 inside the main body 12, and a cooling means 15 such as a cooling pipe is arranged on the outer periphery of the indirect cooler main body 12. The inside of the core and the cooling means 15 are configured to flow cooling water, and the conveyor 10 is connected to the end of the indirect cooler 9 via the dropping barrel 16. Here, the indirect cooler 9 is not a screw type but may be a drum type that rotates the rotating drum 18 of the indirect cooler body 17 as shown in FIG. The water spray part 19 and the drainage part 20 are provided in the exterior of 18, and it is comprised so that cooling water can be sprinkled on the rotating drum 18. FIG.
[0006]
The conveyor 10 is configured to move a conveyor means 22 such as a belt or a bucket by a motor 21, and includes a sealing surface 23 that surrounds the periphery of the conveyor means 22 and is enclosed with an inert gas such as nitrogen gas. The sorting device 11 is disposed at the transfer destination of the transport means 22. Here, a transport path 24 in the vertical direction for moving the transport means 22 from the lower position to the upper position is provided at a position in the transport direction of the transport conveyor 10, and the arrangement of the sorting device 11 is adjusted so as not to be in the lower position. .
[0007]
The sorting device 11 includes a vibrating screen that sorts light and heavy ones by vibration, and a magnetic separator that picks up magnetic materials using a magnet or the like.
[0008]
When waste such as municipal waste, waste plastics, waste materials, and scrap cars is treated with such a pyrolysis furnace 1 and treatment device 2, etc., waste that has been crushed to a certain size is put into the pyrolysis furnace 1 Then, by combusting the combustible material by pyrolysis, the waste is made into a pyrolysis residue C composed of carbide (char) and incombustible material. Here, waste combustibles may be any kind of waste, such as municipal waste, waste plastics, waste materials, etc., and waste incombustibles mean metals that cannot be disposed of by combustion. .
[0009]
After the waste is processed in the pyrolysis furnace 1, the pyrolysis residue C is transferred from the pyrolysis furnace 1 to the dropping hopper 5, and the dropping hopper 5 discharges the pyrolysis gas generated from the waste and performs pyrolysis. Residue C is dropped onto the sealing device 7, and in the sealing device 7, the flap dampers 8 are alternately opened and closed, whereby the heating air of the pyrolysis furnace 1 and the dropping hopper 5 and the cooling air of the indirect cooler 9 are communicated. And the thermal decomposition residue C is dropped into the indirect cooler 9.
[0010]
In the indirect cooler 9, the pyrolysis residue C is cooled by flowing cooling water through the screw shaft 14 and the cooling means 15 of the indirect cooler body 12 to prevent ignition of carbides, and the pyrolysis residue C is added. It is dropped onto the sorting device 11 via the dropping cylinder 16 and the transport conveyor 10, sorted into carbide (char) and incombustible material by the vibrating screen or magnetic separator of the sorting device 11, and transported to the respective supply destinations.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the indirect cooler 9 in such a processing apparatus 2, it is necessary to cool the pyrolysis residue C to 100 ° C. or less to prevent the ignition of carbides, but it is required to more reliably prevent the ignition of carbides. It was. In addition, the processing device 2 has a complicated configuration by arranging a plurality of devices such as the sealing device 7, the indirect cooler 9, and the sorting device 11, and prevents contact with air so as to prevent the ignition of carbides. Since a sealing facility such as the sealing surface 23 and an inert gas introduction facility (not shown) for introducing nitrogen gas are required, there is a problem that the construction cost and the operation cost become very high. Further, since fine carbides may be scattered after the carbides are produced, there is a problem that a dustproof device (not shown) is newly required to prevent environmental influences.
[0012]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a waste processing apparatus capable of sorting wastes with a simple method and configuration.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention separates the pyrolysis residue of the waste pyrolyzed so as to convert the combustible material into the carbide in the pyrolysis furnace into the water from the dropping hopper into the heavy incombustible material and the carbide that sink in the water. A liquid separation means, a stirring means for stirring the thermal decomposition residue dropped into water, and a solid-liquid separation means for removing water from the carbide,
The submerged separation means is connected to a dropping hopper in a sealed space, stores water so as to drop all pyrolysis residues of waste into the water, and keeps the water level constant with makeup water, It is laid in a size that covers the bottom surface of the aquarium body so as to take out the incombustible material with a heavy specific gravity, and it is submerged through an outlet-side aquarium section that extends obliquely upward from the lower side of the aquarium body. A scraping-type discharge conveyor that extends into the air from
The stirring means includes a stirring blade that stirs the water in the water tank body, separates the mixture in which the incombustible material and the carbide are intertwined from the incombustible material and the carbide, and takes in the fine carbide into the water to form the carbide in the slurry-like carbide. Is configured to
The solid-liquid separation means includes a transport unit having a horizontal filter belt that can be filtered to transport the slurry-like carbide taken out from the water tank body, and drains water from the horizontal filter belt so as to remove moisture from the slurry-like carbide being transported. A suction part for sucking in,
The water tank main body and the stirring blade are for a waste treatment apparatus characterized in that the salt is dissolved from the thermal decomposition residue dropped in water to decarburize the carbide.
[0014]
[0015]
[0016]
[0017]
[0018]
[0019]
Thus, according to the present invention , the pyrolysis residue of the waste is dropped into the liquid, so that the liquid component penetrates into the pyrolysis residue and is cooled, and the ignition of the carbide can be prevented more reliably. In addition, since the pyrolysis residue is cooled and prevented from igniting by penetration of the liquid component into the pyrolysis residue, an indirect cooler, a sealing facility, and an inert gas introduction facility are not required, and the non-combustible material having a high specific gravity in the liquid Since the pyrolysis residue is separated into non-combustible and carbide by sinking the object, the need for a sorter is eliminated, and as a result, the configuration for sorting the pyrolysis residue is simplified, and construction costs and operation costs are reduced. Can do. Furthermore, since all the pyrolysis residues are dropped into the liquid, fine carbides can be taken into the liquid to prevent the fine carbides from being scattered and the influence on the environment can be reliably suppressed.
[0020]
In addition, when the pyrolysis residue dropped into the liquid is stirred, the incombustible material and carbide having a high specific gravity can be reliably separated, and the carbide is made into slurry carbide, so that fine carbide is reliably taken into the liquid. It can be carried out with. Furthermore, since the salt in the pyrolysis residue is dissolved by dropping the pyrolysis residue into water, the carbide can be desalted.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0022]
1 to 3 show an embodiment for carrying out the embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, the portions denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 4 and 5 represent the same items.
[0023]
MSW, waste plastics, when processing waste, such as waste and scrap are used in combination pyrolysis furnace 1 and the processing apparatus 25, the thermal cracking furnace 1 is of a conventional example configuration substantially the same as that A dropping hopper 5 is connected to the side of the pyrolysis furnace 1. Moreover, the dropping hopper 5 is provided with a discharging means 6 capable of discharging the pyrolysis gas at the top and a processing device 25 at the bottom.
[0024]
The treatment device 25 includes a submerged water separator 26 connected to the dropping hopper 5 in a sealed space so as to prevent ignition, and a solid-liquid separating means horizontal belt filter 27 connected to the submerged water separator 26. The water tank 26 of the submerged separation means includes a water tank body 28 for storing water and making the water level always constant with make-up water, and extends obliquely upward at a lower side portion of the water tank body 28. The outlet side water tank part 29 is formed, and on the bottom surface of the water tank main body 28 and the bottom surface of the outlet side water tank part 29, a scraping type discharge conveyor (conveying part) 31 for moving a belt or the like via a motor 30 is installed. The upper part of the water tank main body 28 is provided with a stirring blade (pedal) 33 that is driven by a motor 32 to stir the water, and the side of the water tank main body 28 is scooped so as to crawl the water surface and the upper part of the water. Removing means (not shown) An outlet (not shown) provided with suction means (not shown) is provided, and a horizontal belt filter 27 of solid-liquid separation means is disposed adjacent to the outlet. Here, the discharge conveyor 31 is laid so as to cover the bottom surface of the water tank main body 28, and extends so as to protrude from the water into the air in the outlet-side water tank portion 29. As another example, the discharge conveyor 31 includes a plurality of disk bodies (not shown) with respect to a link (not shown) pulled by a motor (not shown), and the disk bodies are arranged in a route pipe. By moving (not shown), the conveyed product may be transferred from the lowermost part of the water tank to a transfer destination in the air.
[0025]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the horizontal belt filter 27 of the solid-liquid separating means conveys a filter belt 35 that can be filtered around a roll 36 in an endless manner so as to extend a predetermined length from the position of the input slide plate 34. A motor 38 is connected to the roll 36 of the transport unit 37 so as to move the filter belt 35, and the filter belt 35 extends between the moving side and the return side of the filter belt 35 of the transport unit 37. It is provided with a plurality of suction parts 39 arranged along the present direction, and is provided with an opening 40 for sucking waste water from the filter belt 35 at the upper part of the suction part 39, and a discharge pipe 41 is connected to the side part of the suction part 39, The discharge pipe 41 is sucked by a vacuum pump 43 through a decompression receiver 42. 2 and 3, reference numeral 44 denotes a support frame that supports the suction unit 39, and 45 denotes a pump that sucks out the waste water in the decompression receiver 42.
[0026]
The operation of the embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described below.
[0027]
When wastes such as municipal waste, waste plastic, waste materials, and scrap cars are processed by the pyrolysis furnace 1 and the processing apparatus 25, the waste shredded to a certain size is decomposed into a pyrolysis furnace as in the conventional example. The waste is made into a pyrolysis residue C composed of carbide (char) and incombustible material by putting it into 1 and converting the combustible material into carbide by pyrolysis. Here, waste combustibles may be any kind of waste, such as municipal waste, waste plastics, waste materials, etc., and waste incombustibles mean metals that cannot be disposed of by combustion. .
[0028]
After the waste is processed in the pyrolysis furnace 1, the pyrolysis residue C is transferred from the pyrolysis furnace 1 to the dropping hopper 5, and the dropping hopper 5 discharges the pyrolysis gas generated from the waste and performs pyrolysis. Residue C is dropped into the water of the water tank 26.
[0029]
In the water tank 26, the lighter specific gravity of the pyrolysis residue C floats on the surface of the water and the incombustible material with higher specific gravity sinks. The intertwined mixture is separated from incombustibles and carbides, and the carbides are made into slurry carbides S so that fine carbides are taken into water. Here, the salt of the pyrolysis residue C is dissolved in the water in the water tank 26, and when the salt concentration in the water tank 26 becomes a certain level or higher, the water is appropriately replaced.
[0030]
When the non-combustible material having a high specific gravity and the slurry-like carbide S are separated, the discharge conveyor 31 transports the non-combustible material having a high specific gravity from the water to the air in the outlet-side water tank unit 29 and transfers it to the supply destination, while scooping the water tank. The take-off means (not shown) or the suction means (not shown) drops the slurry-like carbide S from the take-out port (not shown) to the horizontal belt filter 27 of the solid-liquid separation means via the input slide plate 34. ing.
[0031]
When the slurry-like carbide S is placed on the filter belt 35 of the transport unit 37, the horizontal belt filter 27 transports the slurry-like carbide S and simultaneously removes tens of percent of the water from the slurry-like carbide S by the suction unit 39. Then, the carbide is solidified and transferred to a supply destination or the like, and the removed water is returned to the water tank 26 so as to be reused or drained after being desalted. Here, when removing moisture from the slurry-like carbide S, the slurry may be solidified, and the carbide may contain a lot of moisture. In addition, the amount of water actually adsorbed on the carbide is small, and the calorie burn hardly changes.
[0032]
In this way, since the thermal decomposition residue C of the waste is dropped into water, moisture can be permeated into the thermal decomposition residue C and cooled, and the ignition of carbide can be prevented more reliably. In addition, since the pyrolysis residue C is cooled by permeation into the pyrolysis residue C to prevent ignition, an indirect cooler, a sealing facility, an inert gas introduction facility, etc. are unnecessary, and a specific gravity in the liquid is reduced. As the heavy incombustible material sinks, the pyrolysis residue C is separated into the incombustible material and the carbide. Therefore, a sorter is not required, and as a result, the configuration for selecting the pyrolysis residue C is simplified, and construction costs and operating costs are reduced. Can be reduced. Furthermore, since all pyrolysis residue C is dropped into the water, fine carbides are also taken into the water to prevent the fine carbides from being scattered, and the influence on the environment is reliably suppressed, and equipment failures are reduced. be able to. Furthermore, since the salt in the pyrolysis residue C is dissolved by dropping the pyrolysis residue C into water, it is possible to demineralize incombustibles and carbides having a high specific gravity. Further, since the space from the pyrolysis furnace 1 to the introduction of the pyrolysis residue C into the water and the outside in the air are sealed with water in the water tank, the outside air contacts the combustible pyrolysis gas in the internal space. The thermal decomposition residue C can be processed more safely.
[0033]
In addition, when the pyrolysis residue C dropped in the liquid is stirred, the incombustible material and the carbide having a high specific gravity can be reliably separated, and the carbide is made into the slurry carbide S, so that the fine carbide is also surely contained in the water. Can be taken in and taken out.
[0034]
Note that the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
According to the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, various excellent effects can be obtained as described below.
[0036]
I) According to the present invention , since the thermal decomposition residue of the waste is dropped into the liquid, the liquid component is allowed to penetrate into the thermal decomposition residue and cooled, so that the ignition of the carbide can be prevented more reliably. In addition, since the pyrolysis residue is cooled and prevented from igniting by penetration of the liquid component into the pyrolysis residue, an indirect cooler, a sealing facility, and an inert gas introduction facility are not required, and nonflammability with a high specific gravity in the liquid is required. Since the pyrolysis residue is separated into non-combustible and carbide by sinking the object, the need for a sorter is eliminated, and as a result, the configuration for sorting the pyrolysis residue is simplified, and construction costs and operating costs are reduced. Can do. Furthermore, since all the pyrolysis residues are dropped into the liquid, fine carbides can be taken into the liquid to prevent the fine carbides from being scattered and the influence on the environment can be reliably suppressed.
[0037]
II) In addition, if the pyrolysis residue dropped into the liquid is stirred, the incombustible material and carbide having a high specific gravity can be reliably separated, and the carbide is made into slurry carbide, so that fine carbide is also reliably contained in the liquid. Can be taken in and taken out. Furthermore, since the salt in the pyrolysis residue is dissolved by dropping the pyrolysis residue into water, the carbide can be desalted.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of implementing a waste treatment apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a side surface of the solid-liquid separation means.
FIG. 3 is a view taken in the direction of arrows III-III in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a conventional waste treatment apparatus.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing another example of an indirect cooler used in a conventional waste treatment apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Pyrolysis furnace
5 drop hopper 26 water tank (liquid separation means)
27 Horizontal belt filter (Solid-liquid separation means)
28 Water tank body
29 outlet water tank 31 discharge conveyor (conveyance unit)
33 Stirring blade (stirring means)
37 Conveying part 39 Suction part C Thermal decomposition residue S Slurry carbide

Claims (1)

In-liquid separation means that separates the pyrolysis residue of the waste pyrolyzed so as to convert the combustible material into carbide in the pyrolysis furnace into the water from the dropping hopper into the incombustible material and carbide with a high specific gravity that sinks in the water. And a stirring means for stirring the pyrolysis residue dropped into water, and a solid-liquid separation means for removing moisture from the carbide,
The submerged separation means is connected to a dropping hopper in a sealed space, stores water so as to drop all pyrolysis residues of waste into the water, and keeps the water level constant with makeup water, It is laid in a size that covers the bottom surface of the aquarium body so as to take out the incombustible material with a heavy specific gravity, and it is submerged through an outlet-side aquarium section that extends obliquely upward from the lower side of the aquarium body. A scraping-type discharge conveyor that extends into the air from
The stirring means includes a stirring blade that stirs the water in the water tank body, separates the mixture in which the incombustible material and the carbide are intertwined from the incombustible material and the carbide, and takes in the fine carbide into the water to form the carbide in the slurry-like carbide. Is configured to
The solid-liquid separation means includes a transport unit having a horizontal filter belt that can be filtered to transport the slurry-like carbide taken out from the water tank body, and drains water from the horizontal filter belt so as to remove moisture from the slurry-like carbide being transported. A suction part for sucking in,
The waste water treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the water tank body and the stirring blade are configured to dissolve a salt from a thermal decomposition residue dropped in water to demineralize the carbide.

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