JP4284392B2 - Panel sound generator - Google Patents
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- JP4284392B2 JP4284392B2 JP2004120977A JP2004120977A JP4284392B2 JP 4284392 B2 JP4284392 B2 JP 4284392B2 JP 2004120977 A JP2004120977 A JP 2004120977A JP 2004120977 A JP2004120977 A JP 2004120977A JP 4284392 B2 JP4284392 B2 JP 4284392B2
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Description
本発明は、パネルを圧電バイモルフ素子で振動させるパネルスピーカーやタッチパネルの入力操作に対する使用者へのフイードバックを圧電バイモルフ素子を用いてタッチパネルに振動として与えるパネル音響発生装置などの薄型化を可能にしたパネル音響発生装置に関する。 The present invention provides a panel speaker that vibrates a panel with a piezoelectric bimorph element, and a panel sound generator that provides feedback to the user as input to a touch panel using a piezoelectric bimorph element as a vibration for a touch panel input operation. The present invention relates to a sound generator.
昨今、画像と音との一体感を高める目的のために、画像表示装置とスピーカーを一体化したパネルスピーカーが提案されている。ニュートランスデューサーズリミテッド社は発泡材料パネルの一部に振動素子(エキサイター)を組み込んだパネルスピーカーを既に商品化している。また、液晶画面の前方に透明パネルを配し、この透明パネルにエキサイターを組み込んだ製品も産み出されている。これらのパネルスピーカーについては、多くの他特許が出願されている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。これらで紹介されているものの多くは、電磁変換素子をエキサイターに用いている。 Recently, for the purpose of enhancing the sense of unity between images and sound, panel speakers in which an image display device and speakers are integrated have been proposed. New Transducers Limited has already commercialized a panel speaker that incorporates a vibrating element (exciter) in a part of the foam panel. There are also products that have a transparent panel in front of the LCD screen and an exciter built into the transparent panel. Many other patents have been filed for these panel speakers (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Many of those introduced here use electromagnetic transducers as exciters.
一方圧電バイモルフ素子をエキサイターに用いた例としては圧電バイモルフ素子中央部のみがパネルに接続された構造が提案されている(特許文献2参照。)。この例を図8に示す。この方式は、パネル21を基台11に支持部材22を介して振動可能に支持し、両端に重り34を付した圧電バイモルフ素子31の中央部を接続部材35を介してパネル21に接続し、圧電バイモルフ素子31を振動させる方式である。この方式は両端に重り34を付した圧電バイモルフ素子31がパネル21にぶら下がっている状態となっている。これはパネル側から見ると、重り(重り34+圧電バイモルフ素子31)が付与されていることになり、この重りの振動によってパネル自体も振動するという原理である。 On the other hand, as an example of using a piezoelectric bimorph element as an exciter, a structure in which only the central portion of the piezoelectric bimorph element is connected to a panel has been proposed (see Patent Document 2). An example of this is shown in FIG. In this method, the panel 21 is supported on the base 11 through the support member 22 so as to vibrate, and the central portion of the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 having weights 34 at both ends is connected to the panel 21 through the connection member 35. In this method, the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 is vibrated. In this method, a piezoelectric bimorph element 31 with weights 34 at both ends is suspended from the panel 21. This is the principle that when viewed from the panel side, a weight (weight 34 + piezoelectric bimorph element 31) is provided, and the panel itself vibrates due to the vibration of the weight.
これらパネルスピーカーは、音響発生させるパネルに振動発生源(圧電バイモルフ素子)を付加することによりパネルの面共振を発生させ、パネル自体の持つ固有振動モードを利用して音波を発生させている。しかし、これらのパネルスピーカーは、パネルに振動を発生させるための振動発生源の取り付け方法が難しいという問題が有る。また、特に携帯機器群の薄型化に対して、これらのパネルスピーカー自体にも薄型化が要求されている。
本発明は、簡単に効果的に薄型化ができる圧電バイモルフ素子を用いたパネル音響発生装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention aims at providing a panel acoustic generator using a piezoelectric bimorph element can be easily effectively thinner.
本発明のパネル音響発生装置は、短冊状の圧電バイモルフ素子が、音波を発生させる音響発生部材の外側に配置され、圧電バイモルフ素子の両端が、音波発生に寄与しない固定部材に接続され、圧電バイモルフ素子の中央部が、音響発生部材側のほうが接着面積の大きいT字形状の接続部材を介して音響発生部材に接続されてなり、固定部材と音響発生部材に介在する圧電バイモルフ素子の振動により音響発生部材を加振することで振動させ、音波を発生するようにしたものである。 Panel sound generating apparatus of the present invention, strip-shaped piezoelectric bimorph element is disposed on the outside of the sound generating member for generating sound waves, both ends of the piezoelectric bimorph element is connected to a fixed member which does not contribute to sound wave generator, a piezoelectric bimorph acoustic central portion of the device, by the vibration of the piezoelectric bimorph element towards the sound generating member side is connected to the sound generating member via the connecting member of large T-shaped bonded area, interposed fixing member and the sound generating member it is vibrated by vibrating the generating member, in which so as to generate acoustic waves.
また、本発明のパネル音響発生装置では、2個以上の圧電バイモルフ素子が、接続部材を介して音響発生部材に接続されているようにするのが好ましい。 Further, the panel sound generating apparatus of the present invention, two or more piezoelectric bimorph elements, preferably so connected to the sound generating member via the connecting member.
本発明のパネル音響発生装置によれば、圧電バイモルフ素子が音波を発生させる音響発生部材の外側に配置されているので、圧電バイモルフ素子を用いたパネル音響発生装置を、簡単にかつ効果的に薄型化できる。
また、圧電バイモルフ素子の中央部が、音響発生部材側のほうが接着面積の大きいT字形状の接続部材を介して音響発生部材に接続されているようにしたので、圧電バイモルフ素子の屈曲変位を阻害することなく、接続部の強度を高めることができる。
According to the panel sound generator of the present invention , since the piezoelectric bimorph element is disposed outside the sound generating member that generates sound waves, the panel sound generator using the piezoelectric bimorph element can be easily and effectively thinned. Can be
In addition, since the central portion of the piezoelectric bimorph element is connected to the sound generating member via a T-shaped connecting member having a larger adhesion area on the sound generating member side, the bending displacement of the piezoelectric bimorph element is inhibited. Without doing so, the strength of the connecting portion can be increased.
本発明に係るパネル音響発生装置の基本的構造を図1に示す。図1について、音響発生部材(パネル)21は前辺部を除く周辺部がパネル支持部材22を介して基台11に設置され、この音響発生部材21を駆動する短冊状の圧電バイモルフ素子31は基台11における音響発生部材21の前辺部外側(前側)の中央部に配置され、圧電バイモルフ素子31の両端近傍が2つの素子固定部材32を介して基台11に設置され、圧電バイモルフ素子31の中央部の上面と音響発生部材21の前部上面が接続部材33で接続されている。 The basic structure of the panel sound generator according to the present invention is shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 1, the sound generating member (panel) 21 has a strip-like piezoelectric bimorph element 31 that drives the sound generating member 21, with the peripheral portion except the front side portion being installed on the base 11 via the panel support member 22. The base 11 is disposed at the center of the outer side (front side) of the front side portion of the sound generating member 21, and both ends of the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 are installed on the base 11 via two element fixing members 32, and the piezoelectric bimorph element The upper surface of the central part of 31 and the upper surface of the front part of the sound generating member 21 are connected by a connecting member 33.
この圧電バイモルフ素子31は2つの固定部材32による2点支持(若しくは2点拘束)の形態になっているため、図2に示すようにその中央部が最も変位可能な最大変位(振動)領域となる。そのため圧電バイモルフ素子31は固定部材32に対してその最大変位領域の変位を接続部材33を介して音響発生部材21に伝達させることができる。 Since this piezoelectric bimorph element 31 is in the form of two-point support (or two-point restraint) by two fixing members 32, the maximum displacement (vibration) region where the center portion is most displaceable as shown in FIG. Become. Therefore, the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 can transmit the displacement of the maximum displacement region to the sound generating member 21 via the connecting member 33 with respect to the fixing member 32.
以下、本発明の実施例について図面を参照して説明する。図3に情報携帯端末等に用いられる抵抗変化型のタッチパネルをパネルスピーカーにした例を示す。図中、上記図1と同一構成部分には同一符号を付してある。通常タッチパネルは、機器の筐体若しくは液晶モジュールに外周部が両面粘着テープなどを介して固着されている。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 shows an example in which a resistance change type touch panel used for a portable information terminal or the like is used as a panel speaker. In the figure, the same components as those in FIG. Usually, a touch panel has an outer peripheral portion fixed to a housing of a device or a liquid crystal module via a double-sided adhesive tape or the like.
実施例は、液晶モジュール側にタッチパネル21A及び圧電バイモルフ素子31が固定されている場合に相当する。タッチパネル21Aは、その前辺部を除く周辺部が液晶モジュール11Aを基台として厚さ数百μm程度の発泡ポリエチレン粘着テープなどをパネル支持部材22として支持されている。また、圧電バイモルフ素子31は、基台11Aにおけるタッチパネル21Aの前辺部外側の中央部に、厚さが数百μmの発泡ポリエチレン粘着テープなどを固定部材32として2点支持されている。圧電バイモル素子31の略中央部の上面とタッチパネル21Aの前部の上面はPET樹脂ベースの比較的弾性率の高い材料からなる接着テープを接続部材33として接続されている。 The embodiment corresponds to the case where the touch panel 21A and the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 are fixed to the liquid crystal module side. The touch panel 21 </ b> A is supported by a panel support member 22, such as a foamed polyethylene pressure-sensitive adhesive tape having a thickness of about several hundreds of μm, with the liquid crystal module 11 </ b> A as a base except for the front side. In addition, the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 is supported at two points by using a foamed polyethylene adhesive tape having a thickness of several hundreds μm as a fixing member 32 at the center outside the front side of the touch panel 21A in the base 11A. The upper surface of the substantially central portion of the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 and the upper surface of the front portion of the touch panel 21 </ b> A are connected with an adhesive tape made of a PET resin-based material having a relatively high elastic modulus as a connecting member 33.
圧電バイモルフ素子31は、使用者がタッチパネル21Aに入力操作すると、図示省略の回路を介して駆動されるように接続されており、使用者がタッチパネル21Aに入力操作すると、タッチパネル21Aが振動または音を出力して入力操作者にフィードバックされるようにしてある。 The piezoelectric bimorph element 31 is connected so as to be driven via a circuit (not shown) when the user performs an input operation on the touch panel 21A. When the user performs an input operation on the touch panel 21A, the touch panel 21A vibrates or sounds. The data is output and fed back to the input operator.
圧電バイモルフ素子31は、印加電圧により伸縮が逆となる関係の圧電素子31a、13bとその間に設けられた中間板13cにより構成されている(図1)。圧電素子31a、13bは、特に発生変位量/印加電圧の大きいチタン酸ジルコン酸鉛(通称:PZT)を用いることが望ましい。材料組成については、微量添加物などによりその特性を変えることが可能であるが、変位量/電圧の性能を示す定数として一般的に知られているd31定数が、100〜400(×10-12m/V)のものを使用する。 The piezoelectric bimorph element 31 is composed of piezoelectric elements 31a and 13b whose expansion and contraction is reversed by an applied voltage, and an intermediate plate 13c provided therebetween (FIG. 1). For the piezoelectric elements 31a and 13b, it is desirable to use lead zirconate titanate (common name: PZT) having a large generated displacement / applied voltage. As for the material composition, its characteristics can be changed by a small amount of additive or the like, but a d31 constant generally known as a constant indicating displacement / voltage performance is 100 to 400 (× 10 −12). m / V).
圧電素子31a、13bの両面には各々電極が形成されており、各々の電極面は互いに絶縁している(図示省略)。電極は、例えばメッキ方法やスパッタ法、蒸着法、或いは印刷・焼付けなどによって形成し、電極材料としてはNi、Ag、Au、Cuなどが用いられる。また、圧電素子31a、13bの変位量/電圧特性を改善する目的として、圧電素子を積層化させた構造も用いることができる。中間板13cについては、主にステンレス合金系、ニッケル合金系など導電性を有する金属材料を用いるが、非導電性材料を用いても良い。 Electrodes are formed on both surfaces of the piezoelectric elements 31a and 13b, and the electrode surfaces are insulated from each other (not shown). The electrode is formed by, for example, a plating method, a sputtering method, a vapor deposition method, or printing / baking, and Ni, Ag, Au, Cu, or the like is used as an electrode material. In addition, for the purpose of improving the displacement / voltage characteristics of the piezoelectric elements 31a and 13b, a structure in which piezoelectric elements are stacked can also be used. For the intermediate plate 13c, a metal material having conductivity such as a stainless alloy or nickel alloy is mainly used, but a non-conductive material may be used.
圧電バイモルフ素子31は両端近傍が2つの固定部材32で2点支持されるので、素子固定部材32としては、圧電バイモルフ素子31の振動を妨げず、かつ位置を安定化させるために、所定の粘着力を有する粘着テープなどが適している。例えば、発泡ポリウレタン、発泡アクリル、発泡ブチルゴム、或いはシリコン系材料などのクッション性を有する柔軟な材料をベースとした両面粘着テープや、PETやポリイミドをベースとした両面粘着テープなどである。例えば、日東電工(株)製のNo5713というテープは、特殊発泡ポリウレタンを基材とした両面粘着テープで、テープ厚さは0.33mmであり、実施例に対して適した柔軟性と厚みを持っている。 Since the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 is supported at two points in the vicinity of both ends by two fixing members 32, the element fixing member 32 has a predetermined adhesive in order to prevent the vibration of the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 and stabilize the position. A pressure sensitive adhesive tape is suitable. For example, a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape based on a flexible material having cushioning properties such as foamed polyurethane, foamed acrylic, foamed butyl rubber, or silicon-based material, or a double-sided pressure-sensitive adhesive tape based on PET or polyimide. For example, a tape called No5713 made by Nitto Denko Corporation is a double-sided adhesive tape based on special foamed polyurethane, with a tape thickness of 0.33 mm, and has flexibility and thickness suitable for the embodiment. ing.
圧電バイモルフ素子31とタッチパネル21Aを接続する接続部材33は、圧電バイモルフ素子31に発生する振動を出来るだけロス無くタッチパネル21に伝達することが望ましく、上記PETやポリイミドなど比較的弾性率の高いプラスティック材料をベースにした両面粘着テープや、金属箔をベースにした片面粘着テープを使用しても良い。粘着力についても出来るだけ高いことが望ましい。 The connecting member 33 that connects the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 and the touch panel 21A preferably transmits the vibration generated in the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 to the touch panel 21 with as little loss as possible, and is a plastic material having a relatively high elastic modulus, such as PET or polyimide. You may use the double-sided adhesive tape based on this, and the single-sided adhesive tape based on metal foil. It is desirable that the adhesive strength be as high as possible.
タッチパネル21Aは、液晶モジュール側など基台11Aに固定されるが、圧電バイモルフ素子が接続されているタッチパネル21Aの前辺部以外の3辺部が任意の厚みを持つ両面テープなどのパネル支持部材22により固定されている。パネル支持部材22については、所定の伸びを有する、例えば、発泡ポリウレタン、発泡アクリル、発泡ポリエチレン、発泡ブチルゴム、或いはシリコン系材料などのクッション性を有する柔軟な材料をベースとした両面粘着テープが適している。 The touch panel 21A is fixed to the base 11A such as the liquid crystal module side, but a panel support member 22 such as a double-sided tape having an arbitrary thickness on three sides other than the front side of the touch panel 21A to which the piezoelectric bimorph element is connected. It is fixed by. For the panel support member 22, a double-sided adhesive tape having a predetermined elongation, for example, a flexible material having a cushioning property such as foamed polyurethane, foamed acrylic, foamed polyethylene, foamed butyl rubber, or silicon-based material is suitable. Yes.
なお、パネル支持部材22の配置については、パネルの振動を出来るだけ阻害させないようにしつつ、かつ所定の強度と信頼性でパネルを保持させる必要があり、図4(A)〜(D)のような幾つかの配置方法がある。これらについては、必要な性能と信頼性などを考慮して決定する必要がある。 In addition, about arrangement | positioning of the panel support member 22, it is necessary to hold | maintain a panel with predetermined intensity | strength and reliability, preventing the vibration of a panel as much as possible, and it is like FIG. 4 (A)-(D). There are several arrangement methods. These must be determined in consideration of the required performance and reliability.
また、圧電バイモルフ素子31とパネル21との接続部材33は、接続部の強度を高めるため、図5(A)、(B)に示すようなT字形状の接続部材33a,33bを用いることもできる。圧電バイモルフ素子31は屈曲変位をするため、接続部材33を全面に貼り付けると圧電バイモルフ素子31の屈曲変位を阻害する恐れがあるので接続部材33の接着面積を大きくすることは難しいが、T字形状の接続部材33a,33bを用いることによりパネル側の接着面積を大きくして、接続部の強度を高めることができる。 Further, the connection member 33 between the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 and the panel 21 may use T-shaped connection members 33a and 33b as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B in order to increase the strength of the connection portion. it can. Since the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 is bent and displaced, it is difficult to increase the bonding area of the connecting member 33 because the bending displacement of the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 may be hindered if the connecting member 33 is attached to the entire surface. By using the connection members 33a and 33b having a shape, the bonding area on the panel side can be increased and the strength of the connection portion can be increased.
また、例えば図6に示すように、基台11におけるパネル21の前辺側と後辺側の外部に、パネル21に圧電バイモルフ素子31、素子固定部材32からなる圧電バイモルユニット30をそれぞれ配置するなど、1つのパネルに対し圧電バイモルユニット30を複数個配置し、接続部材33で接続することによりパネル21に対する加振力が増加し、これにより、より大きな音を発生させることが可能となる。 For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a piezoelectric bimorph unit 30 including a piezoelectric bimorph element 31 and an element fixing member 32 is arranged on the panel 21 outside the front side and the rear side of the panel 21 in the base 11. For example, by arranging a plurality of piezoelectric bimol units 30 on one panel and connecting them with the connecting member 33, the excitation force to the panel 21 increases, thereby making it possible to generate a louder sound. Become.
以下に、本発明の装置と従来の装置との違いを説明する。 Below, the difference between the apparatus of this invention and the conventional apparatus is demonstrated.
従来の装置(図8)は、両端に重り34を有する圧電バイモルフ素子31(圧電バイモルフユニット30A)がパネル21に接続部材35で接続されぶら下がっている状態となっている。この圧電バイモルフユニット30Aは、パネル21の音響発生面に対して垂直方向下部に設置されており、これにより圧電バイモルフユニット30Aと接触防止のための余白分だけ装置の厚みが増える。また、従来の装置では、圧電バイモルフ素子31の振動振幅は、パネル接続部ではなく、圧電バイモルフ素子31の自由端側に発生し、パネル21は圧電バイモルフ素子31の固定部に発生する反力を受けて振動している。 In the conventional apparatus (FIG. 8), a piezoelectric bimorph element 31 (piezoelectric bimorph unit 30A) having weights 34 at both ends is connected to the panel 21 by a connecting member 35 and is suspended. The piezoelectric bimorph unit 30A is installed at a lower portion in the vertical direction with respect to the sound generation surface of the panel 21, and thereby the thickness of the device is increased by a margin for preventing contact with the piezoelectric bimorph unit 30A. In the conventional apparatus, the vibration amplitude of the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 is generated not on the panel connection portion but on the free end side of the piezoelectric bimorph element 31, and the panel 21 generates a reaction force generated on the fixing portion of the piezoelectric bimorph element 31. It receives and vibrates.
これに対して、本発明の装置(図3)は、圧電バイモルフ素子31と素子固定部材32(圧電バイモルフユニット30)がパネル21の音響発生面に対して水平方向の外側に配置されている。そのため装置の厚みの増加を抑制することが可能となる。仮にパネル21の厚みに対して圧電バイモルフ素子31の厚みが同等かそれ以下であれば、厚み増加要因は、パネル21や圧電バイモルフ素子31のパネル支持部材32の厚みと接続部材33の厚みのみとなる。また、本発明の装置は、図1、図2に示すとおり、圧電バイモルフ素子31の最大変位部が接続部材33でパネル21に接続されているため、圧電バイモルフ素子の変位が直接パネル21に伝達される。 On the other hand, in the apparatus of the present invention (FIG. 3), the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 and the element fixing member 32 (piezoelectric bimorph unit 30) are arranged on the outer side in the horizontal direction with respect to the sound generation surface of the panel 21. Therefore, it is possible to suppress an increase in the thickness of the device. If the thickness of the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 is equal to or less than the thickness of the panel 21, the thickness increase factor is only the thickness of the panel support member 32 of the panel 21 or the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 and the thickness of the connection member 33. Become. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the apparatus of the present invention has the maximum displacement portion of the piezoelectric bimorph element 31 connected to the panel 21 by the connecting member 33, so that the displacement of the piezoelectric bimorph element is directly transmitted to the panel 21. Is done.
以上のように、本発明の装置は、パネルの厚み方向の増加を抑制する配置構造となっている。従来の装置と本発明の装置の構造比較図を図7に示す。従来の装置では図7(A)のようにパネル21の裏側A部に圧電バイモルフユニット30Aが配置されているのでA部分が厚くなるのに対し、本発明の装置では図7(B)のようにパネル21の外側B部分に圧電バイモルフユニット30Aが配置されているので装置が薄型化できるがパネル21の外側B部分に空間が必要となる。しかし、昨今の情報携帯機器は、厚みを薄くすることに対する要求が強いため、薄さを求める場合は、本発明の方が有利となる。 As described above, the device of the present invention has an arrangement structure that suppresses an increase in the thickness direction of the panel. FIG. 7 shows a structural comparison between the conventional apparatus and the apparatus of the present invention. In the conventional apparatus, the piezoelectric bimorph unit 30A is arranged on the back side A portion of the panel 21 as shown in FIG. 7A, so that the A portion becomes thick, whereas in the apparatus of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7B. In addition, since the piezoelectric bimorph unit 30A is disposed in the outer B portion of the panel 21, the apparatus can be thinned, but a space is required in the outer B portion of the panel 21. However, recent information portable devices have a strong demand for reducing the thickness, and therefore the present invention is more advantageous when the thickness is required.
11…基台、11A…液晶モジュール(基台)、 12…音響発生部材(パネル)、 12A…タッチパネル、 22…支持部材、 30,30A…圧電バイモルフユニット、 31…圧電バイモルフ素子、 32…固定部材、 33…接続部材、 34…重り、 35…接続部材。
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Base, 11A ... Liquid crystal module (base), 12 ... Sound generating member (panel), 12A ... Touch panel, 22 ... Support member, 30, 30A ... Piezoelectric bimorph unit, 31 ... Piezoelectric bimorph element, 32 ... Fixed member 33 ... Connection member, 34 ... Weight, 35 ... Connection member.
Claims (2)
前記圧電バイモルフ素子の両端が、音波発生に寄与しない固定部材に接続され、
前記圧電バイモルフ素子の中央部が、前記音響発生部材側のほうが接着面積の大きいT字形状の接続部材を介して前記音響発生部材に接続されてなり、
前記固定部材と前記音響発生部材に介在する圧電バイモルフ素子の振動により前記音響発生部材を加振することで振動させ、音波を発生する
パネル音響発生装置。 Strip-shaped piezoelectric bimorph element is disposed on the outside of the sound generating member for generating acoustic waves,
Both ends of the piezoelectric bimorph element is connected to a fixed member which does not contribute to sound wave generator,
The piezoelectric central portion of the bimorph element, more of the sound generating member side is connected to the sound generating member via the connecting member of large T-shaped bonded area,
Wherein the vibration of the piezoelectric bimorph element interposed fixing member and the sound generating member is vibrated by vibrating the sound generating member, generate acoustic waves
Panel sound generating device.
請求項1に記載のパネル音響発生装置。 Two or more piezoelectric bimorph elements are connected to the sound generating member via the connecting member .
The panel sound generator according to claim 1 .
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WO2009144964A1 (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2009-12-03 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Piezoelectric speaker, speaker device and tactile feedback device |
WO2009144972A1 (en) | 2008-05-29 | 2009-12-03 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Sheet-type vibrating body and acoustic equipment |
JPWO2013145354A1 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2015-12-10 | 京セラ株式会社 | Mobile device |
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KR102352563B1 (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2022-01-17 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Display apparatus |
JP7301726B2 (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2023-07-03 | エルジー ディスプレイ カンパニー リミテッド | display speaker |
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