JP4260010B2 - ポリウレタンおよびポリウレタンベースのグラフトコポリマーならびに被覆材料、接着剤および封止剤を製造するためのその使用 - Google Patents
ポリウレタンおよびポリウレタンベースのグラフトコポリマーならびに被覆材料、接着剤および封止剤を製造するためのその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4260010B2 JP4260010B2 JP2003528884A JP2003528884A JP4260010B2 JP 4260010 B2 JP4260010 B2 JP 4260010B2 JP 2003528884 A JP2003528884 A JP 2003528884A JP 2003528884 A JP2003528884 A JP 2003528884A JP 4260010 B2 JP4260010 B2 JP 4260010B2
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- polyurethane
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- coating
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Classifications
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- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
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- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/006—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polymers provided for in C08G18/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
- C08F290/06—Polymers provided for in subclass C08G
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
- C08F290/06—Polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F290/067—Polyurethanes; Polyureas
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
- C08G18/0819—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
- C08G18/0823—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups containing carboxylate salt groups or groups forming them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
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- C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
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- C08G18/4283—Hydroxycarboxylic acid or ester
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/65—Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/66—Compounds of groups C08G18/42, C08G18/48, or C08G18/52
- C08G18/6633—Compounds of group C08G18/42
- C08G18/6659—Compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/34
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L51/00—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L51/08—Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
-
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Description
− マレイン酸またはフマル酸および/またはこれらのエステルによりポリウレタン鎖中へ、
− イソシアネート反応性の基を2つおよびオレフィン系不飽和基を少なくとも1つ有する化合物により、またはイソシアネート基を2つおよびオレフィン系不飽和基を少なくとも1つ有する化合物によりポリウレタン鎖に対して側位に、
− イソシアネート反応性の基を1つおよびオレフィン系不飽和基を少なくとも1つ有する化合物により、またはイソシアネート基を1つおよびオレフィン系不飽和基を少なくとも1つ有する化合物によりポリウレタン鎖に対して末端に、または
− α,β−不飽和カルボン酸の無水物により
組み込むことができる。このための例として特許出願および特許文献DE19722862C2、DE19645761A1、DE19948004A1、DE19953446A1、DE19953445A1、DE19953203A1、EP0401565A1、EP0522420A1、EP0522419A2、EP0755946A1、EP0608021A1、EP0708788A1またはEP0730613A1を参照されたい。
1.側位のオレフィン系不飽和基は、
1.1 ポリマー主鎖の1部である脂環式基に結合しているか、または
1.2 ポリマー主鎖の1部であるシクロオレフィン構造中の二重結合として存在し、かつ
2.末端位のオレフィン系不飽和基は
2.1 ポリマー主鎖の末端基を形成する脂環式基と結合しているか、または
2.2 ポリマー主鎖の末端基を形成するシクロオレフィン構造中の二重結合として存在している。
− シクロブタン、シクロペンタン、シクロヘキサン、シクロヘプタン、シクロオクタンノルボルナン、ビシクロ[2.2.2]オクタン、デカリン、ヒドロインダン、ジシクロペンタン、トリシクロデカンまたはアダマンタンの立体異性体のビニル置換されたポリヒドロキシ誘導体、特にジヒドロキシ誘導体、または
− シクロペンテン、シクロヘキセン、シクロヘプテン、シクロオクテン、ノルボルネン、ビシクロ[2.2.2]オクテンまたはジシクロペンテンの立体異性体のポリヒドロキシ誘導体、特にジヒドロキシ誘導体
によりポリウレタン中に導入される。特に有利なものとして立体異性体のビニルシクロヘキサンジオール、1−ビニル−シクロヘキサン−2,6−、−3,6−、−4,6−、−2,3−、−3,4−および/または−3,5−ジオール(「ビニルシクロヘキサンジオール」)が挙げられる。
− 少なくとも1つの側位の、少なくとも1つの鎖中の、または少なくとも1つの末端の、
− 少なくとも1つの側位の、および少なくとも1つの末端の、
− 少なくとも1つの側位の、および少なくとも1つの鎖中の、
− 少なくとも1つの末端の、および少なくとも1つの鎖中の
または
− 少なくとも1つの末端の、少なくとも1つの側位の、および少なくとも1つの鎖中の
オレフィン系不飽和の、非環式および環式、特に環式のテルペン単位を含有する。この場合、少なくとも1つの末端のオレフィン系不飽和テルペン単位を有する本発明によるポリウレタンは、特別な利点を有し、ひいては本発明によれば特に有利である。
(i)分子中に少なくとも1つ、特に少なくとも2つの遊離イソシアネート基を有するポリウレタンプレポリマー少なくとも1種と、
(ii)オレフィン系不飽和の非環式および環式モノテルペン(C10)、セスキテルペン(C15)およびジテルペン(C20)からなる群から選択され、少なくとも1つ、特に1つのイソシアネート反応性の官能基を有するテルペン少なくとも1種
とを反応させる。
− 飽和および不飽和の高分子および低分子ポリオール、特にジオールおよび分岐の導入のための副次的な量のトリオール、ならびに場合により
− 親水性の官能基を導入する化合物、
− ポリアミンおよび
− アミノアルコール
を使用する。
− 場合によりスルホン化された飽和および/または不飽和ポリカルボン酸またはそのエステル化可能な誘導体、場合によりモノカルボン酸と共に、ならびに
飽和および/または不飽和ポリオール、場合によりモノオールと共に
の反応により製造される。
− 中和剤および/または四級化剤によりカチオンに変えることができる親水性官能基、および/またはカチオン基
または
− 中和剤によりアニオンに変えることができる官能基、および/またはアニオン基、
および/または
− 非イオン性の親水基
を有する。
モノマー(1):
その他のα,β−エチレン系不飽和カルボン酸のアクリル酸、メタクリル酸のヒドロキシアルキルエステル、これは酸によりエステル化されているアルキレングリコールから誘導されるか、または酸とアルキレンオキシドとの反応により得られるものであり、特にヒドロキシアルキル基が20個までの炭素原子を有するアクリル酸、メタクリル酸またはエタクリル酸のヒドロキシアルキルエステル、たとえば2−ヒドロキシエチル−、2−ヒドロキシプロピル−、3−ヒドロキシプロピル−、3−ヒドロキシブチル−、4−ヒドロキシブチルアクリレート、−メタクリレート、−エタクリレートまたは−クロトネート;1,4−ビス(ヒドロキシメチル)シクロヘキサン−、オクタヒドロ−4,7−メタノ−1H−インデン−ジメタノール−またはメチルプロパンジオールモノアクリレート、−モノメタクリレート、−モノエタクリレートまたは−モノクロトネート;または環式エステルからなる反応生成物、たとえばε−カプロラクトンおよびこれらのヒドロキシアルキルエステル;またはオレフィン系不飽和アルコール、たとえばアリルアルコールまたはポリオール、たとえばトリメチロールプロパンモノ−またはジアリルエーテルまたはペンタエリトリットモノ−、−ジ−または−トリアリルエーテルである。これらの高官能性モノマー(1)は一般に副次的な量で使用されるにすぎない。この場合、本発明の範囲では副次的な量の高官能性モノマーとは、ポリアクリレート樹脂の架橋またはゲル化を生じない量であると理解すべきである。従ってたとえばトリメチロールプロパンモノアリルエーテルの割合は使用されるモノマー(1)〜(6)の全質量に対して2〜10質量%であってよい。
アルキル基中に20個までの炭素原子を有する(メタ)アクリル酸アルキル−または−シクロアルキルエステル、特にメチル−、エチル−、プロピル−、n−ブチル−、s−ブチル−、t−ブチル−、ヘキシル−、エチルヘキシル−、ステアリル−およびラウリルアクリレートまたは−メタクリレート;脂環式(メタ)アクリル酸エステル、特にシクロヘキシル−、イソボルニル−、ジシクロペンタジエニル−、オクタヒドロ−4,7−メタノ−1H−インデン−メタノール−またはt−ブチルシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート;(メタ)アクリル酸オキサアルキルエステルまたは−オキサシクロアルキルエステル、たとえばエチルトリグリコール(メタ)アクリレートおよびメトキシオリゴグリコール(メタ)アクリレート(有利に550の分子量Mnを有する);またはその他のエトキシ化および/またはプロポキシ化されたヒドロキシル基不含の(メタ)アクリル酸誘導体。これらは副次的な量で高官能性の(メタ)アクリル酸アルキル−または−シクロアルキルエステル、たとえばエチレングリコール−、プロピレングリコール−、ジエチレングリコール−、ジプロピレングリコール−、ブチレングリコール−、ペンタン−1,5−ジオール−、ヘキサン−1,6−ジオール−、オクタヒドロ−4,7−メタノ−1H−インデン−ジメタノール−またはシクロヘキサン−1,2−、−1,3−または−1,4−ジオール−ジ(メタ)アクリレート;トリメチロールプロパン−ジ−または−トリ(メタ)アクリレート;またはペンタエリトリット−ジ−、−トリ−または−テトラ(メタ)アクリレートを副次的な量で含有していてもよい。この場合、本発明の範囲で副次的な量の高官能性モノマー(2)とは、ポリアクリレート樹脂の架橋またはゲル化を生じない量であると理解すべきである。
分子あたり少なくとも1つの酸基、有利にはカルボキシル基を有するエチレン系不飽和モノマーまたはこのようなモノマーからなる混合物。モノマー(3)として特に有利にはアクリル酸、カルボキシエチルアクリレートおよび/またはメタクリル酸を使用する。あるいはまた、分子中に6個までの炭素原子を有するその他のエチレン系不飽和カルボン酸を使用することができる。このような酸のための例は、エタクリル酸、クロトン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸およびイタコン酸である。さらにエチレン系不飽和スルホン酸またはホスホン酸、またはこれらの部分エステルを成分(3)として使用することができる。モノマー(3)としてさらに、マレイン酸モノ(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルエステル、コハク酸モノ(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルエステルおよびフタル酸モノ(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルエステルが考えられる。
分子中に5〜18個の炭素原子を有するα−位で分岐したモノカルボン酸のビニルエステル。分枝鎖状のモノカルボン酸はギ酸または一酸化炭素および水とオレフィンとを液状の強酸性触媒の存在下で反応させることにより得られる;オレフィンはパラフィン系炭化水素の分解生成物、たとえば鉱油フラクションであってもよく、かつ分枝鎖状であっても直鎖状であってもよい非環式および/または脂環式オレフィンから得られる。このようなオレフィンとギ酸または一酸化炭素および水との反応の際に、カルボン酸からなる混合物が生じ、その際、カルボキシル基は主として第四炭素原子に存在する。その他のオレフィン系原料はたとえばプロピレントリマー、プロピレンテトラマーおよびジイソブチレンである。あるいはまたビニルエステルは自体公知の方法で、たとえば酸とアセチレンとを反応させることにより酸から製造することもできる。特に有利には、その良好な入手性に基づいて、α−炭素原子において分岐している9〜11個の炭素原子を有する飽和脂肪族モノカルボン酸を使用する。
分子あたり5〜18個の炭素原子を有するα−位で分岐したモノカルボン酸のグリシジルエステルとアクリル酸および/またはメタクリル酸とからなる反応生成物。アクリル酸またはメタクリル酸と第四α−炭素原子を有するカルボン酸のグリシジルエステルとの反応は重合反応の前、その間、またはその後に行うことができる。有利にはモノマー(5)としてアクリル酸および/またはメタクリル酸とVersatic (R)酸との反応生成物を使用する。このグリシジルエステルは名称Cardura (R) E10で市販されている。補足的にRoempp Lexikon Lacke und Druckfarben、Georg Thieme Verlag、Stuttgart,New York、1998年、第605頁および第606頁を参照のこと。
ほぼ酸基を含有していないエチレン系不飽和モノマー、たとえば、
− オレフィン、たとえばエチレン、プロピレン、ブテ−1−エン、ペンテ−1−エン、ヘキセ−1−エン、シクロヘキセン、シクロペンテン、ノルボルネン、ブタジエン、イソプレン、シクロペンタジエンおよび/またはジシクロペンタジエン;
− (メタ)アクリル酸アミド、たとえば(メタ)アクリル酸アミド、N−メチル−、N,N−ジメチル−、N−エチル−、N,N−ジエチル−、N−プロピル−、N,N−ジプロピル−、N−ブチル−、N,N−ジブチル−、N−シクロヘキシル−および/またはN,N−シクロヘキシル−メチル(メタ)アクリル酸アミド;
− エポキシ基を有するモノマー、たとえばアクリル酸、メタクリル酸、エタクリル酸、クロトン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸および/またはイタコン酸のグリシジルエステル;
− ビニル芳香族炭化水素、たとえばスチレン、α−アルキルスチレン、特にα−メチルスチレンおよび/またはビニルトルエン;
− ジアリールエチレン、特に一般式III:
R12R13C=CR14R15 (III)
[式中、基R12、R13、R14およびR15はそれぞれ相互に無関係に水素原子または置換もしくは非置換のアルキル−、シクロアルキル−、アルキルシクロアルキル−、シクロアルキルアルキル−、アリール−、アルキルアリール、シクロアルキルアリール−、アリールアルキル−またはアリールシクロアルキル基を表すが、ただしその際、変項R12、R13、R14およびR15の少なくとも2つは置換もしくは非置換のアリール−、アリールアルキルまたはアリールシクロアルキル基、特に置換もしくは非置換のアリール基を表す]のジアリールエチレン。適切なアルキル基の例はメチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、n−ブチル、イソ−ブチル、t−ブチル、アミル、ヘキシルまたは2−エチルヘキシルである。適切なシクロアルキル基の例はシクロブチル、シクロペンチルまたはシクロヘキシルである。適切なアルキルシクロアルキル基の例はメチレンシクロヘキサン、エチレンシクロヘキサンまたはプロパン−1,3−ジイル−シクロヘキサンである。適切なシクロアルキルアルキル基の例は、2−、3−または4−メチル−、−エチル−、−プロピル−または−ブチルシクロヘキシ−1−イルである。適切なアリール基の例はフェニル、ナフチルまたはビフェニリルであり、有利にはフェニルおよびナフチルであり、かつ特にフェニルである。適切なアルキルアリール基の例は、ベンジルまたはエチレン−もしくはプロパン−1,3−ジイル−ベンゼンである。適切なシクロアルキルアリール基の例は2−、3−または4−フェニルシクロヘキシ−1−イルである。適切なアリールアルキル基の例は2−、3−または4−メチル−、−エチル−、−プロピル−または−ブチルフェン−1−イルである。適切なアリールシクロアルキル基の例は2−、3−または4−シクロヘキシルフェン−1−イルである。有利にはアリール基R12、R13、R14および/またはR15はフェニル基またはナフチル基であり、特にフェニル基である。基R12、R13、R14および/またはR15中に場合により存在する置換基は電子吸引性または電子供与性の原子または有機基、特にハロゲン原子、ニトリル基、ニトロ基、部分的に、もしくは完全にハロゲン化されたアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アルキルシクロアルキル基、シクロアルキルアルキル基、アリール基、アルキルアリール基、シクロアルキルアリール基、アリールアルキル基およびアリールシクロアルキル基;アリールオキシ基、アルキルオキシ基およびシクロアルキルオキシ基;アリールチオ基、アルキルチオ基およびシクロアルキルチオ基および/または第一、第二および/または第三アミノ基である。特に有利であるのはジフェニルエチレン、ジナフタリンエチレン、シス−もしくはトランス−スチルベン、ビニリデン−ビス(4−N,N−ジメチルアミノベンゼン)、ビニリデン−ビス(4−アミノベンゼン)またはビニリデン−ビス(4−ニトロベンゼン)、特にジフェニルエチレン(DPE)であり、従ってこれらが有利に使用される。有利にはこれらのモノマー(a6)を単独のモノマーとして使用するのではなく、常にその他のモノマーと一緒に使用し、その際、該モノマーはバッチ法でのラジカル共重合も可能であるように共重合を有利に制御する;
− ニトリル、たとえばアクリルニトリルおよび/またはメタクリルニトリル;
− ビニル化合物、たとえば塩化ビニル、フッ化ビニル、二塩化ビニリデン、二フッ化ビニリデン;N−ビニルピロリドン;ビニルエーテル、たとえばエチルビニルエーテル、n−プロピルビニルエーテル、イソプロピルビニルエーテル、n−ブチルビニルエーテル、イソブチルビニルエーテルおよび/またはビニルシクロヘキシルエーテル;ビニルエステル、たとえばビニルアセテート、ビニルプロピオネート、ビニルブチレート、ビニルピバレート、Versatic (R)酸のビニルエステル、これは商品名VeoVa (R)でDeutsche Shell Chemie社から市販されている(補足的にRoempp Lexikon Lacke und Druckfarben, Georg Thieme Verlag、Stuttgart, New York、1998年、第598頁ならびに第605頁および第606頁を参照のこと)および/または2−メチル−2−エチルヘプタン酸のビニルエステル;および/または
− 数平均分子量Mn1000〜40000、有利には2000〜20000、特に有利には2500〜10000およびとりわけ3000〜7000を有し、かつ分子中に平均して0.5〜2.5、有利には0.5〜1.5のエチレン系不飽和二重結合を有するポリシロキサンマクロモノマー、これらはたとえばDE3807571A1の第5〜7頁、DE3706095A1の第3〜7欄、EP0358153B1の第3〜6頁、US4,754,014Aの第5〜9欄、DE4421823A1または国際特許出願WO92/22615の第12頁、第18行目から第18頁、第10行目に記載されている。またはヒドロキシ官能性シランとエピクロロヒドリンとの反応および引き続き該反応生成物とメタクリル酸および/または(メタ)アクリル酸のヒドロキシアルキルエステルとの反応により製造することができるアクリルオキシシランを含有するビニルモノマー。
− 熱硬化性反応性希釈剤、たとえば立体異性のジエチルオクタンジオールまたはヒドロキシル基を有する高度に分岐した化合物またはデンドリマー、たとえはこれらは特許出願DE19809643A1、DE19840605A1またはDE19805421A1に記載されている;
− 化学線硬化性反応性希釈剤、たとえばRoempp Lexikon Lacke und Druckfarben、Georg Thieme Verlag、Stuttgart、New York、1998年、"Reaktivverduenner"、第491および492頁、ドイツ特許出願DE19908013A1、第6欄、第63行目から第8欄、第65行目、ドイツ特許出願DE19908018A1、第11頁、第31行目から第33行目、ドイツ特許出願DE19818735A1、第7欄、第1行目から第35行目、またはドイツ特許DE19709467C1、第4頁、第36行目から第5頁、第56行目に記載されている;
−光重合開始剤および補助開始剤、たとえばRoempp Lexikon Lacke und Druckfarben、Georg Thieme Verlag、Stuttgart、1998年、第444〜446頁に記載されているもの;
− 低沸点および/または高沸点の有機溶剤(lange Loesemittel);
− UV吸収剤;
− 光安定剤、たとえはHALS化合物、ベンゾトリアゾールまたはオキサルアニリド;
− 遊離基捕捉剤;
− 熱に不安定なラジカル開始剤、たとえば有機ペルオキシド、有機アゾ化合物またはC−C分割開始剤、たとえば過酸化ジアルキル、ペルオキソカルボン酸、ペルオキソジカルボン酸塩、ペルオキシドエステル、ヒドロペルオキシド、ケトンペルオキシド、アゾジニトリルまたはベンズピナコールシリルエーテル;
− 架橋のための触媒、たとえばジブチルスズジラウレート、リチウムドデカノエートまたはオクタン酸亜鉛、またはアミンによりブロックされた有機スルホン酸;
−脱気剤、たとえばジアザジシクロウンデカン;
− スリップ剤;
− 重合防止剤;
− 消泡剤;
− 乳化剤、特に非イオン性乳化剤、たとえばアルコキシル化アルカノール、ポリオール、フェノールおよびアルキルフェノールまたはアニオン性乳化剤、たとえばアルコキシル化アルカノール、ポリオール、フェノールおよびアルキルフェノールのアルカンカルボン酸、アルカンスルホン酸およびスルホン酸のアルカリ塩またはアンモニウム塩;
− 湿潤剤、たとえばシロキサン、フッ素含有化合物、カルボン酸半エステル、リン酸エステル、ポリアクリル酸およびこれらのコポリマーまたはポリウレタン;
− カップリング剤、たとえばトリシクロデカンジメタノール;
− レベリング剤;
− 塗膜形成助剤、たとえばセルロース誘導体;
− レオロジー調節剤、たとえば特許文献WO94/22968、EP0276501A1、EP0249201A1またはWO97/12945から公知のもの;架橋した高分子マイクロ粒子、たとえばEP0008127A1に開示されているもの;無機層状ケイ酸塩、有利にはスメクタイト、特にモンモリロナイトおよびヘクトライト、たとえばモンモリロナイトタイプのアルミニウム−マグネシウム−ケイ酸塩、ナトリウム−マグネシウム−およびナトリウム−マグネシウム−フッ素−リチウム−層状ケイ酸塩、または無機層状ケイ酸塩、たとえばモンモリロナイトタイプのアルミニウム−マグネシウム−ケイ酸塩、ナトリウム−マグネシウム−およびナトリウム−マグネシウム−フッ素−リチウム−層状ケイ酸塩(補足的にJohan Bielemanによる著書"Lackadditive", Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, New York、1998年、第17〜30頁を参照のこと);ケイ酸塩、たとえばアエロジル;またはイオン性および/または会合性の作用を有する基を有する合成ポリマー、たとえばポリビニルアルコール、ポリ(メタ)アクリルアミド、ポリ(メタ)アクリル酸、ポリビニルピロリドン、スチレン−無水マレイン酸−またはエチレン−無水マレイン酸−コポリマーおよびこれらの誘導体または疎水性に変性されたポリアクリレート;またはポリウレタンベースの会合性の増粘剤、たとえばRoempp Lexikon Lacke und Druckfarben、Georg Thieme Verlag、Stuttgart、New York、1998年、"Verdickungsmittel"、第599〜600頁、およびJohan Bielemanによる教科書"Lackadditive"、Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, New York、1998年、第51〜59頁および第65頁に記載されているもの、および/または
− 難燃剤。
(I)支持体上に本発明による水性ベースコートを塗布することによるベースコート層の製造、
(II)該ベースコート層の乾燥、
(III)該ベースコート層上へクリアコートを塗布することによるクリアコート層の製造、
(IV)該ベースコート層と該クリアコート層との同時硬化、このことによりベースコーティングおよびクリアコーティングが得られる(ウェット・オン・ウェット法)。
(I)支持体上にプライマー・サーフェイサーを適用することによるプライマー・サーフェイサーコート層の製造、
(II)該プライマー・サーフェイサー層の硬化、このことによりプライマー・サーフェイサー層が得られる、
(III)該プライマー・サーフェイサー層上に本発明による水性ベースコートを塗布することによるベースコート層の製造、
(IV)該ベースコート層の乾燥、
(V)該ベースコート層上へのクリアコートの適用によるクリアコート層の製造、
(VI)該ベースコート層と該クリアコート層との同時硬化、このことによりベースコーティングおよびクリアコーティングが得られる(ウェット・オン・ウェット法)。
(I)支持体上へプライマー・サーフェイサーを塗布することによるプライマー・サーフェイサーコート層の製造、
(II)該プライマー・サーフェイサーコート層の乾燥、
(III)該プライマー・サーフェイサーコート層上に本発明による水性ベースコートを塗布することによるベースコート層の製造、
(IV)該ベースコート層の乾燥、
(V)該ベースコート層上にクリアコートを塗布することによるクリアコート層の製造および
(VI)該プライマー・サーフェイサーコート層、該ベースコート層および該クリアコート層の同時硬化、このことによりプライマー・サーフェイサー、ベースコーティングおよびクリアコーティングが得られる(拡大されたウェット・オン・ウェット法)。
(I)支持体上での電着塗料層の析出、
(II)該電着塗料層の乾燥、
(II)該電着塗料層上に第一のベースコートを塗布することによる第一のベースコート層の製造、
(III)該電着塗料層と第一のベースコート層との同時硬化、このことにより電着コーティングおよび第一のベースコーティングが得られる(ウェット・オン・ウェット法)、
(IV)第一のベースコーティング上に第二のベースコートを塗布することによる第二のベースコート層の製造、
(V)第二のベースコート層の乾燥、
(VI)該ベースコート層上にクリアコートを塗布することによるクリアコート層の製造および
(VII)第二のベースコート層および該クリアコート層との同時硬化、このことにより第二のベースコーティングおよびクリアコーティングが得られる(ウェット・オン・ウェット法)。
例1
本発明によるポリウレタンの製造
撹拌機、内部温度計、還流冷却器および電気加熱装置を備えた反応容器にポリエステルポリオール(ポリエステルポリオールに対してイソフタル酸42.472質量%、ネオペンチルグリコール16.368質量%、無水フタル酸4.022質量%、ヒドロキシピバル酸ネオペンチルグリコールエステル36.439質量%およびエチルブチルプロパンジオール0.699質量%から製造;酸価:4.1mgKOH/g固体樹脂;ヒドロキシル価:73.7mgKOH/g固体樹脂;数平均分子量:1462ダルトン;固体含有率:メチルエチルケトン中80質量%)46.98質量部、メチルエチルケトン6.97質量部、エチルブチルプロパンジオール0.42質量部、ジメチロールプロピオン酸4.36質量部および市販のジイソシアネート21.59質量部(Bayer社のDesmodur (R) W)を秤量し、かつ撹拌下で不活性ガス下で80℃に加熱した。固体に対する遊離イソシアネート基の含有率3.1質量%において、α−テルピネオール(90%)5.8質量部およびジブチルスズジラウレート0.51質量部を反応混合物に添加した。得られる反応混合物を、遊離イソシアネート基がもはや検出されなくなるまで80℃に加熱した。得られるポリウレタン溶液をメチルエチルケトン13.37質量部により固体含有率70質量%に調整した。
本発明によるグラフトコポリマーの一次分散液の製造
撹拌機、内部温度計、還流冷却器、2つの供給容器および電気加熱装置を備えた反応容器に例1のポリウレタン溶液33.97質量部を秤量し、かつ78℃に加熱した。この温度で15分の間にジメチルエタノールアミン0.98質量部を同時に計量供給した。得られる混合物を78℃で30分間撹拌した。この温度で脱イオン水35.34質量部を1時間で添加し、かつ引き続き得られる混合物を1時間で均質化した。
本発明によるグラフトコポリマーの二次分散液の製造
撹拌機、内部温度計、還流冷却器、2つの供給容器および電気加熱装置を備えた反応容器にポリウレタン溶液34.01質量部を装入し、かつ78℃に加熱した。この温度で4時間以内にヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート4.08質量部、n−ブチルアクリレート1.14質量部、スチレン2.32質量部、t−ブチルシクロヘキシルアクリレート2.32質量部およびメチルメタクリレート1.76質量部からなるモノマー混合物を均一に計量供給した。開始剤の供給をモノマーの供給と同時に開始した。その際、4.5時間以内にt−ブチルペルオキシエチルヘキサノエート0.57質量部を均一に計量供給した。開始剤の供給が終了した後、得られた反応混合物を78℃で2時間、後重合させた。引き続きこの温度でジメチルエタノールアミン1.48質量部を15分で添加した。得られた混合物を30分間、均質化し、かつ引き続き脱イオン水を52.32質量部添加した。
Claims (6)
- オレフィン系不飽和モノマー少なくとも1種を、
(i)分子中に少なくとも1つの遊離イソシアネート基を有するポリウレタンプレポリマー少なくとも1種と、
(ii)単環式のモノテルペン(C10)少なくとも1種
とを反応させることにより製造される、分子中に、少なくとも2つの側位、鎖中および少なくとも1つの末端の単環式のモノテルペン単位(C10)からなる群から選択されるオレフィン系不飽和構造単位を、ポリウレタンに対して0.25〜15質量%有するポリウレタン少なくとも1種の存在下に(共)重合することにより製造され、自己架橋性であるか、または熱および化学線により硬化する、グラフトコポリマー。 - 単環式のモノテルペン(C10)が、α−テルピネオールである、請求項1記載のグラフトコポリマー。
- 請求項1または2記載のグラフトコポリマーからなる被覆材料。
- 請求項1または2記載のグラフトコポリマーからなる接着剤。
- 請求項1または2記載のグラフトコポリマーからなる封止剤。
- 請求項1または2記載のグラフトコポリマーからなる水性塗料。
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PCT/EP2002/010230 WO2003025041A1 (de) | 2001-09-14 | 2002-09-12 | Polyurethane und pfropfmischpolymerisate auf polyurethanbasis sowie ihre verwendung zur herstellung von beschichtungsstoffen, klebstoffen und dichtungsmassen |
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MX2007000918A (es) * | 2004-07-22 | 2007-12-04 | Hemo Nanoscience Llc | Composiciones y metodos para tratar sangrado excesivo. |
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US7956123B2 (en) * | 2005-10-24 | 2011-06-07 | Momentive Performance Materials Inc. | Solvent resistant polyurethane adhesive compositions |
DE102006005165A1 (de) * | 2006-02-04 | 2007-08-09 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Lithium-Molybdat-Nanopartikeln |
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-
2001
- 2001-09-14 DE DE10145266A patent/DE10145266A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-09-12 JP JP2003528884A patent/JP4260010B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-09-12 EP EP02769993A patent/EP1425326A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-09-12 US US10/486,232 patent/US7001975B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-09-12 WO PCT/EP2002/010230 patent/WO2003025041A1/de active Application Filing
- 2002-09-12 CA CA002454149A patent/CA2454149A1/en not_active Abandoned
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CA2454149A1 (en) | 2003-03-27 |
US20040234487A1 (en) | 2004-11-25 |
US7001975B2 (en) | 2006-02-21 |
EP1425326A1 (de) | 2004-06-09 |
JP2005503461A (ja) | 2005-02-03 |
DE10145266A1 (de) | 2003-04-24 |
WO2003025041A1 (de) | 2003-03-27 |
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