JP4139809B2 - Dental treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a dental medical device, and more particularly, to a dental medical device that can be applied to an implant, for example, by cutting a tooth or forming a root canal by driving a cutting tool.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to prevent breakage of a cutting tool (file), for example, in root canal enlargement, a dental medical device that detects the load torque applied to the cutting tool and controls the rotation of the cutting tool has been proposed. In this apparatus, when the reference torque is exceeded, the cutting tool is reversed or stopped (for example, JP-A-9-38108).

  However, if the root canal is curved, for example, the load is naturally high even if the load is not intended, and the rotation of the tool stops or reverses when the operator does not expect it. Therefore, it is necessary for the operator to perform cutting with sufficient care so as not to reach the reference load torque. However, as the load is reduced, the efficiency of the cutting operation decreases. On the other hand, when the load is increased and becomes substantially equal to the reference load torque, the stop and reversal frequently occur, and the efficiency of the cutting work may be reduced. In other words, it was not possible to perform cutting efficiently and safely with an appropriate load that does not exceed the reference load.

  In addition, the operator needs to proceed while checking the root canal length measurement result and the torque at the same time. Conventionally, the display was not able to check these simultaneously, so the workability was poor.

  Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a dental treatment apparatus that can perform cutting efficiently with peace of mind.

  In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a dental medical device having the following configuration.

The present invention relates to a dental medical device provided with a driving means composed of a motor for driving a rotating cutting tool, a load detecting means for detecting a load torque applied to the cutting tool, and a reference for arbitrarily setting a reference load torque. Load setting means, obtaining a torque difference that is a difference between the reference load torque and the measured value of the detected load torque, rotating the motor at a rotational speed proportional to the torque difference, and measuring the load torque The number of rotations of the motor is reduced as the value approaches the preset reference load torque.

In another aspect of the dental diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention, the detected value of the load torque is compared with the reference load torque, and when the measured value of the load torque is greater than the reference load torque, the motor The rotation is stopped or reversed.

In another embodiment of the dental diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention, the reference load torque is T ₀ , The measured value of the load torque is T, and the maximum rotational speed of the motor is N ₀ In this case, the rotational speed N of the motor is adjusted to the relationship of Formula 2.

Another aspect of the dental diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention includes load information providing means for notifying at least one of the detected load torque or the reference load torque by at least one of display, sound, and vibration. It is characterized by.

Another aspect of the dental diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention is characterized by comprising reference load information providing means for notifying a preset reference load torque by at least one of display, sound and vibration.

In another aspect of the dental diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention, when the load torque detected by the load detection means exceeds the reference load torque, the rotation of the cutting tool is stopped, reversed, or reduced, Alternatively, control means for controlling the drive means is provided so as to perform forward and reverse repetitive operations .

In another aspect of the dental diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention, the load information providing means includes a plurality of elements, and the load torque detected by the load detection means based on a position of an element to be displayed among the elements. Display the size of
  The reference load information providing means includes the position of the element in the load information providing means and the load from the element of the load information providing means or another element arranged in the vicinity of the element of the load information providing means. Displaying the element selected corresponding to the magnitude of the reference load torque with substantially the same correspondence with the magnitude of the torque,
  The display mode of the element that displays the reference load torque is different from the display mode of the element that displays the load torque detected by the load detection means.

In another aspect of the dental diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention, the load information providing means has a plurality of elements arranged in one direction in association with the magnitude of the load torque, and an element to be displayed among the elements The magnitude of the load torque detected by the load detection means is displayed according to the position.

In another aspect of the dental diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention, the load information providing means is configured such that the load torque detected by the load detection means is smaller by a predetermined value than a preset first reference load torque. When a reference load of 2 is exceeded, the display mode for displaying the load torque detected by the load detection means is switched.

According to the dental diagnostic apparatus adopting such a configuration, since the rotation speed of the motor gradually decreases as the measured value of the load torque approaches the preset reference load torque, the operator's workability is good. Become.

  Hereinafter, a dental treatment apparatus according to each embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a dental medical device. 1 is a CPU that controls the control, 2 is a motor for driving the cutting tool 17, 3 is a transistor switch, 4 is a driver circuit thereof, 5 is a rotation direction changeover switch, 6 is a resistor for detecting load torque, 7 Is a root canal length measuring circuit, 8 is a display device, 11 is a variable resistor for setting a reference torque, 12 is a variable resistor for setting a duty ratio, 13 is a variable resistor for setting a reference position, and 14 is A battery, 15 is a main switch, and 17 is a cutting tool, which are connected to the CPU 1 as shown.

The driver circuit 4 operates according to a control signal output from the port 4a of the CPU 1 and turns on / off the transistor switch 3. The CPU 1 outputs a control signal having a pulse waveform having a constant cycle with a duty ratio corresponding to the setting of the variable resistor 12. The motor 2 rotates at an output corresponding to the duty ratio.

The CPU 1 measures the voltage at the terminal 6 a of the resistor 6 and detects the load torque of the motor 2. Further, the CPU 1 can operate the rotation direction changeover switch 5 to switch the motor 2 forward and backward by switching the voltage at the terminal 5a to Lo / Hi. The CPU 1 detects a reference load torque, a duty ratio, and a reference position that are preset by the variable resistors 11, 12, and 13.

  FIG. 2 is an external view of a cordless dental medical device 21 on which each member constituting the circuit of FIG. 1 is mounted. In this example, a root canal forming file (hereinafter referred to as a file 17 and a file 17) is used as a cutting tool 17. Shows the dental handpiece 23 attached to the tip of the head 22. The file 17 is electrically connected to the measurement side terminal of the root canal length measurement circuit 7 through a conductive member inside the handpiece 22 so as to serve also as a root canal length measurement electrode, and the ground side electrode 18 is connected through the lead wire 18a. The root canal length measuring circuit 7 is electrically connected to the ground side terminal. 11a is a setting means for setting a reference torque. 12a is a rotation speed setting means, and 13a is a reference position setting means for controlling the cutting tool drive means by the output from the root canal length measurement circuit. In this embodiment, 11a, 12a, and 13a are provided in the handpiece 23. However, in a configuration having a separate controller for connecting the cord to the handpiece 23, the separate controller is provided with 11a, 12a, and 13a. May be provided.

  FIG. 3 is an example of a liquid crystal display panel 50 provided in the display device 8.

  The liquid crystal display panel 50 includes a dot display unit 52 including a number of elements for displaying the measured root canal length in detail, and a zone display unit 54 for displaying the root canal length in zones and in stages. A boundary display unit 56 that indicates the boundary between the zones and an arrival rate display unit 58 that displays the arrival rate up to the apex are provided. As the measured root canal length increases, elements are displayed in order from top to bottom.

  Further, the liquid crystal display panel 50 is provided with a dot display unit 60 including a large number of elements for displaying the detected load torque, and a zone display unit 62 for displaying the load torque in stages and in stages. It has been. As the measured load torque increases, elements are displayed in order from top to bottom.

  For example, an element 60a indicated by hatching among the elements of the dot display unit 60 is displayed corresponding to the magnitude of the measured load torque. A peak hold function is provided to prevent frequent switching of the display. That is, the maximum value of the load torque detected within a predetermined time is displayed for a certain time.

  In addition, among the elements of the dot display unit 60, an element 60b corresponding to the reference load torque preset by the variable resistor 11 is also displayed. As a result, the margin between the measured load torque and the reference load torque can be known at a glance.

  Reference numeral 64 denotes a numerical value display section that displays numerical values of the rotation speed and load, and reference numeral 68 denotes a rotation display section that displays the rotation direction of the file 17 and the magnitude of the rotation speed.

  The measured load torque and the preset reference load torque can be displayed in various manners as follows.

  For example, when elements arranged in one dimension are used, they can be displayed as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG.

  In the display example 100 of FIG. 4A, the element 102 is displayed in green from the top in accordance with the detected magnitude of the load torque, and the preset reference load torque is the element 106 corresponding to the magnitude. Is displayed in red. The other elements 104 and 108 are not displayed.

  In the display example 110 of FIG. 4B, the element 112 is displayed in green in order from the top in accordance with the detected magnitude of the load torque, and the element 116 that displays a torque larger than a preset reference load torque is displayed. Flashes red. Other elements 114 are not displayed.

  In the display example 120 of FIG. 4C, the elements are displayed in three regions according to colors according to a preset reference load torque. For example, an element 122 that displays a torque sufficiently smaller than a preset reference load torque is green, an element 124 that displays a torque close to the preset reference load torque is yellow, and a preset reference load torque Elements 126 that display greater torque are displayed in red. Then, the element 122a corresponding to the detected load torque blinks.

  FIG. 5 shows a display example 200 in which a plurality of elements 210 are two-dimensionally arranged to display a root canal length measurement result in addition to the measured load torque and a preset reference load torque.

  The elements 210 are arranged in a matrix on the liquid crystal display panel between the display units 202 and 204 that schematically display teeth. As root canal formation proceeds and the root canal length increases and approaches the apex, the lower elements are displayed. The larger the load torque is, the longer it is displayed from the center row 212 to the left and right. For example, the element 215 indicated by diagonal lines is displayed in green. The vertical position of the element 215 indicates the distance to the apex. The detected load torque is indicated by the length (width) of the element 215 in the left-right direction. In the same row as the element 215, two elements 216a and 216b indicated by diagonal lines are displayed in red and vertically in a line shape. The two elements 216a and 216b indicate the magnitude of a preset reference torque based on the distance between them, and it is possible to know how much the load torque has a margin with respect to the reference torque by separating from the element 215.

  In this example, the remaining length to the apex and the difference between the reference load torque and the actual load torque are known at one place, which is convenient.

  This example shows an example in which changes in the magnitude of the load torque with respect to the size of the root canal length are sequentially stored and displayed continuously, but the depth of the root canal length and its depth in real time without sequentially storing and displaying them. Only the load torque at the time may be indicated. Instead of the elements 216a and 216b, a continuous solid line may be printed.

  FIG. 6 shows another display example 300 for displaying the root canal length measurement result and the load torque.

  The root canal length is displayed by an analog indicating needle 304 that rotates about an axis 302. Reference numeral 306 denotes a scale of the indicating needle 304. The load torque is displayed by the elements 310 arranged under the scale 306, and indicates a larger load torque as it advances in the clockwise direction. Of the elements 310, only the element 312a corresponding to the detected load torque is displayed. The elements 310 may be displayed in different colors corresponding to the reference load torque. For example, the element 312 that displays a torque sufficiently smaller than a preset reference load torque is green, the element 314 that displays a torque close to the preset reference load torque is yellow, and the preset reference load torque Elements 316 that display greater torque are displayed in red.

  FIG. 7 shows another display example 400 that displays root canal length measurement results and load torque. The root canal length is displayed by an analog indicating needle 304 that rotates about an axis 302. Reference numeral 306 denotes a scale of the indicating needle 304. The load torque is displayed by the elements 310 arranged under the scale 306, and indicates a load torque that increases as it moves clockwise. The load torque indicates the magnitude of the load torque at a specific depth position measured by the root canal length using the analog indicating needle 313 and the scale 310. By displaying the root canal length measurement result and the load torque simultaneously as described above, the surgeon proceeds with treatment while checking the situation where the cutting tool is approaching the apex and the situation where the torque increases or decreases. Therefore, the root canal can be expanded smoothly without breaking the cutting tool. Moreover, these two display means can also be provided in a cordless handpiece.

  Next, control of the dental medical device 21 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 8 is a flowchart in the case of controlling according to the measurement value result of the root canal length. The CPU 1 repeatedly executes the illustrated flow at an appropriate timing.

  First, the CPU 1 determines whether or not the root canal length can be measured (# 10). If the measurement is impossible (NO in # 10), the CPU 2 stops the motor 2 (# 20). When the root canal length can be measured (YES in # 10), it is determined whether or not the remaining 4 mm up to the apex is reached (# 12), and the file 17 rotates at 1000 rpm until the remaining 4 mm up to the apex is reached. Then, the motor 2 is driven (NO in # 12, # 19).

  If the remaining 4 mm to the apex is reached (YES in # 12), it is determined whether or not the remaining 1.5 mm to the apex is reached (# 14), and the remaining 1.5 mm to the apex is reached. The motor 2 is driven so that the file 17 rotates at 400 rpm (NO in # 14, # 18).

  When the remaining 1.5 mm to the apex is reached (YES in # 14), the motor 2 is driven so that the file 17 rotates at 150 rpm (# 16).

  When controlled as shown in FIG. 8, the upper root canal is automatically set to a high speed rotation that can cut well, and when approaching the root apex, it is automatically changed to a low speed rotation to prevent the file 17 from breaking. Therefore, the operator does not need to change the setting of the number of rotations according to the position, which is efficient and convenient.

  Note that the length to the apex (4 mm, 1.5 mm) and the rotation speed of the motor 2 (1000 rpm, 400 rpm, 150 rpm) set in advance in FIG. 8 may be freely changed by the operator. . Moreover, you may change the rotation speed of the motor 2 more continuously.

  Alternatively, an intermediate rotational speed may be set by multiplying the initial rotational speed (maximum rotational speed) of the motor 2 by a preset coefficient.

  FIG. 9 shows a flowchart of another example in the case of controlling according to the root canal length measurement result. The CPU 1 repeatedly executes the illustrated flow at an appropriate timing.

  First, the CPU 1 determines whether or not the root canal length can be measured (# 30), and if it cannot be measured (NO in # 30), the motor 2 is stopped (# 44). When the root canal length can be measured (YES in # 30), it is determined whether or not the remaining 5 mm up to the apex is reached (# 32), and normal rotation is continued until the remaining 5 mm up to the apex is reached (# 32, NO, # 44).

  If the remaining 5 mm up to the apex is reached (YES in # 32), it is determined whether or not the remaining 3 mm up to the apex is reached (# 34). The operation of normal rotation by 90 degrees is repeated (NO in # 34, # 42).

  When the remaining 3 mm up to the apex is reached (YES in # 34), it is determined whether or not the remaining 2 mm up to the apex is reached (# 36). The operation of normal rotation by 90 degrees is repeated (NO in # 36, # 40).

  When the remaining 2 mm up to the root apex is reached (YES in # 36), the operation of 90 degree normal rotation after 90 degree inversion is repeated (# 38).

  According to the control of FIG. 9, when the apex approaches, the file 17 can be prevented from being broken by repeating inversion and normal rotation.

  FIG. 10 shows a flowchart in the case of control based on the measurement result of the load torque. The CPU 1 repeatedly executes the illustrated flow at an appropriate timing.

  First, the CPU 1 compares the measured value of the load torque with a preset reference load torque (referred to as “first reference” in FIG. 10) (# 50), and the measured value of the load torque is the reference torque. When larger (YES at # 50), the rotation of the motor 2 is stopped (# 56). In step # 56, the motor 2 may be reversed instead of stopping the rotation of the motor 2.

  When the measured value of the load torque is equal to or lower than the reference load torque (NO in # 50), a value smaller than the reference load torque by a predetermined value (indicated as “second reference” in FIG. 10) and the measured value of the load torque The magnitudes are compared (# 52), and when the measured value of the load torque is smaller than the second reference (YES in # 52), the rotational speed of the motor 2 is increased (# 54).

  Thus, the load torque is controlled to be a magnitude between the first reference and the second reference, and the file 17 can be cut efficiently while preventing the file 17 from being broken.

  FIG. 11 shows another flowchart in the case of controlling based on the measurement result of the load torque. The CPU 1 repeatedly executes the illustrated flow at an appropriate timing.

  First, the CPU 1 compares the measured value of the load torque with a preset reference torque (# 60). When the measured value of the load torque is larger than the reference load torque (YES in # 60), the rotation of the motor 2 is performed. Is stopped (# 66). In step # 66, the motor 2 may be reversed instead of stopping the rotation of the motor 2.

  When the measured value of the load torque is less than or equal to the reference load torque (NO in # 60), the difference between the reference load torque and the measured value of the load torque (hereinafter referred to as “torque difference”) is obtained (# 62), and the torque The motor 2 is rotated at a rotational speed proportional to the difference (# 64).

一般的に定数αは固定値であるが変化させてもよい。 That is, assuming that the reference load torque T ₀ , the measured value T of the load torque, and the maximum rotational speed N ₀ of the motor 2 (for example, 1000 rpm), the rotational speed N of the motor 2 is expressed by Equation 3.

In general, the constant α is a fixed value, but may be changed.

Thus, the measured value T of the load torque, toward the reference load torque T ₀ to a preset rotational speed N of the motor 2 is gradually decreased.

  As described above, since the root canal length measurement result and the torque are simultaneously displayed during the operation, the operator can efficiently and efficiently perform the cutting by checking these.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to said each embodiment, It can implement in another various aspect.

  For example, instead of using the display device 8 or in combination with the display device 8, an audio alarm that changes the sound based on the measured value of the load torque or the measurement result of the root canal length may be used.

  FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of an example thereof. The sound alarm makes two kinds of sounds, one kind of sound informs the root canal length, and the other kind of sound informs the load torque. Reference numeral 500 indicates a dental crown, and reference numeral 504 indicates a root apex. Reference numeral 502 indicates a reference position that is a predetermined distance away from the apex 504. The distance from the root apex 504 to the reference position 502 can be arbitrarily set.

  Regarding the root canal length, one type of sound is relatively high until the root canal length (tip 17a of the cutting tool 17) reaches the reference position 502, that is, in the section indicated by reference numeral 510. After reaching the reference position 502, that is, in the section indicated by the reference numeral 512, it is relatively low.

  Regarding the load torque, the other type of sound is silent until the measured value of the load torque reaches the first reference value 522, that is, in the section indicated by reference numeral 530. It should be noted that even when there is silence, it is possible to inform that the measured value of the load torque has not reached the first reference value 522. Until the measured value of the load torque exceeds the first reference value 522 and reaches the second reference value 524 larger than the first reference value 522, that is, in the section indicated by reference numeral 532, it is an intermittent sound. When the measured value of the load torque exceeds the second reference value 524, that is, in the section indicated by reference numeral 534, it is a continuous sound. The first reference value 522 and the second reference value 524 can be arbitrarily set.

  You may make it control the drive of the cutting tool 17 based on the measured value of root canal length or load torque. For example, when the root canal length (tip 17a of the cutting tool 17) reaches the reference position 502, when the measured value of the load torque is in the section 532, or when the measured value of the load torque is in the section 534 In addition, the rotation may be stopped, reversed, the rotation may be slowed, or the rotation in both directions may be repeated.

  Further, instead of the display device 8 and the voice alarm, or in combination with them appropriately, information on the root canal length and the load torque may be transmitted via vibration by, for example, a vibrator that touches the operator.

  By notifying by sound or vibration, the operator can treat the eye without moving it from the oral cavity of the patient, so that efficient and precise treatment can be performed.

  As another example, the rotational speed of the cutting tool may be controlled according to the load torque. In this case, when the load torque exceeds a predetermined value, it is not uniformly reduced to a constant rotation speed, but is reduced to a rotation speed corresponding to the magnitude of the load torque. For example, the greater the detected load torque, the smaller the rotational speed. If the load torque is below a predetermined value, the rotational speed is controlled as it was.

1 is a circuit diagram of a dental medical device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is an external view of the dental medical device of FIG. It is a top view of the liquid crystal display panel of the display part of FIG. It is explanatory drawing of a display example. It is explanatory drawing of the other example of a display. It is explanatory drawing of another example of a display. It is explanatory drawing of another example of a display. It is a flowchart of drive control. It is a flowchart of control of a modification. It is a flowchart of another modification. It is a flowchart of another modification. It is explanatory drawing of load information provision by a sound.

Explanation of symbols

1 CPU (load detection means, control means, rotation control means)
2 Motor (drive means)
6 Resistance (load detection means)
7 Root canal length measurement circuit (root canal length measuring means)
8. Display device (load information providing means, load display means)
11 Variable resistance (setting means)
17 Cutting tool 21 Dental treatment device 50 Liquid crystal display panel (display unit)
60 dot display section (load information providing means, load display means)
68 Rotation display (drive direction display means)
210 elements

Claims (9)

In a dental medical device provided with a driving means comprising a motor for driving a rotating cutting tool,
Load detecting means for detecting a load torque applied to the cutting tool;
A reference load setting means for arbitrarily setting a reference load torque,
A torque difference that is a difference between the reference load torque and the measured value of the detected load torque is obtained, the motor is rotated at a rotational speed proportional to the torque difference, and the measured value of the load torque is set in advance as the reference A dental medical device characterized in that the rotational speed of the motor decreases as the load torque approaches. The detected value of the load torque is compared with the reference load torque, and when the measured value of the load torque is larger than the reference load torque, the rotation of the motor is stopped or reversed. 1. Dental practice device. The reference load torque is T ₀ , T is the measured value of the load torque, and N is the maximum rotational speed of the motor. ₀ The dental diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotational speed N of the motor is adjusted to the relationship of Formula 1.

The dental information according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising load information providing means for notifying at least one of the detected load torque or the reference load torque by at least one of display, sound and vibration. Medical equipment. 5. The dental medical device according to claim 1, further comprising reference load information providing means for notifying a preset reference load by at least one of display, sound and vibration. When the load torque detected by the load detection means exceeds the reference load torque, the rotation of the cutting tool is stopped, reversely rotated, lowered, or forwardly rotated and reversely repeated. The dental medical device according to any one of claims 1 and 3 to 5, further comprising a control means for controlling the driving means . The load information providing means has a plurality of elements, and displays the magnitude of the load torque detected by the load detecting means according to the position of the element to be displayed among the elements,
The reference load information providing means includes the position of the element in the load information providing means and the load from the element of the load information providing means or another element arranged in the vicinity of the element of the load information providing means. Displaying the element selected corresponding to the magnitude of the reference load torque with substantially the same correspondence with the magnitude of the torque,
The dental practice according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a display mode of the element for displaying the reference load torque is different from a display mode of the element for displaying the load torque detected by the load detecting means. apparatus. The load information providing means has a plurality of elements arranged in one direction in association with the magnitude of the load torque, and the load detected by the load detection means based on the position of the element to be displayed among the elements. The dental medical device according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the magnitude of torque is displayed. When the load torque detected by the load detection means exceeds a second reference load torque that is smaller than a preset first reference load torque by a predetermined value, the load information providing means causes the load detection means to The dental medical device according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein a display mode for displaying the detected load torque is switched.

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