JP4139581B2 - Operation method of reduction furnace - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention belongs to a technical field related to a method for operating a reduction furnace, and particularly relates to a technical field related to a method for treating blowdown water for use water in a manufacturing facility including a reduction furnace and a method for cooling exhaust gas from the reduction furnace. is there.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The water used in the plant consists of one or more systems depending on the application. For example, in a reduced iron production facility, there are indirect cooling water for equipment and direct cooling water called process water. In the case of performing dehalogenation / dealkali, etc., there is cleaning water containing alkali or halogen. There is also boiler water used for boilers. These irrigation waters are usually circulated in the plant because the supply of raw water is limited. These waters have different water qualities and are treated separately, but the concentration increases as the circulation is repeated. For this reason, in order to suppress the concentration, both are usually blown down, that is, drained.
[0003]
For example, indirect cooling water does not come into direct contact with the object to be cooled, such as reduced iron, so there are relatively few suspended solids (SS) and other suspended solids (hereinafter simply referred to as suspended solids), but repeated. During use, the concentration of dissolved salts increases, eventually reaches a saturated concentration and precipitates them, and depending on the water quality, the corrosiveness becomes strong, so it is necessary to keep the concentration below a certain level. In particular, blowdown is necessary.
[0004]
Since process water (direct cooling water) is in direct contact with the object to be cooled, the amount of suspended solids increases, so that suspended solids can be settled and removed by installing a sedimentation type solid-liquid separator, etc. Recycle the reduced process water. At this time, blowdown containing a large amount of suspended solids, that is, drainage to the outside of the system is required. When dehalogenation or dealkalization is performed, the concentration of dissolved salt increases, so blowdown for desalting is inevitable. In boiler water, blow-down is indispensable to avoid accumulation of solid content or to suppress an increase in the concentration of special components such as alkali and silica.
[0005]
As described above, blowdown is always necessary in the water supply system.
[0006]
In the case of such blowdown, when the whole plant is viewed, it is a matter of course that the amount of water discharged from the plant should be small, but the quality of drained water is also limited. Although these regulations differ depending on the region, for example, water containing a lot of suspended solids needs to be clarified by operations such as coagulation, sedimentation, and filtration. The clarification equipment is often shared by multiple plants.
[0007]
On the other hand, the exhaust gas from the heating furnace is usually cooled by some method before being discharged to the atmosphere. As this cooling method, there are methods such as heat exchange with other fluids and dilution by introducing air, but it is often performed because it is easy to spray water and its effect is remarkable.
[0008]
A specific example of such exhaust gas cooling is shown in FIG. In this method, exhaust gas from a rotary hearth furnace for producing reduced iron is cooled using a water spray. In this case, normally, raw water (SS: 5 mg / L or less) is used as spray water. There are several reasons for using raw water. (1) When water containing suspended solids is used as spray water instead of raw water, suspended solids are also blown into the exhaust gas, and suspended solids collect as fly ash. It is not preferable to be collected by the equipment, that is, normal fly ash is treated by an appropriate treatment method according to its properties, but it is not preferable to increase the amount of fly ash, and fly ash having different properties is It is disliked to be mixed, and (2) if water with high calcium hardness and suspended solids is used as spray water instead of raw water, there is a possibility that scale may be generated and the pipe may be blocked.
[0009]
On the other hand, in order to keep the degree of concentration below a certain level, indirect cooling water and direct cooling water blowdown are discharged out of the system. Items subject to emission control in blowdown discharged from reduced iron production facilities include the amount of suspended solids and zinc. Usually, the amount of suspended matter discharged is regulated to 200 mg / L or less (daily average 150 mg / L) or less, and zinc is regulated to 5 mg / L or less. Stricter regulations are imposed depending on the region and type of industry. For example, in the steel industry with a large amount of wastewater, there are regions where suspended solids are restricted to 40 mg / L or less.
[0010]
Since there are many suspended solids in the direct cooling water, clarification equipment is often required. Suspended matter is collected in the form of solid sludge at the clarification facility. When iron-making dust is used as an iron-making raw material, zinc content may be mixed into indirect cooling water or direct cooling water. If the zinc content during blowdown is high, it is necessary to keep it below the emission regulation value. As a method for removing the zinc content, there are a precipitation method in which an alkali is added and precipitation, an ion exchange method, and the like.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years, there has been a social demand to reduce the amount of wastewater in order to minimize the impact on the environment. In a normal plant, the amount of wastewater is large because blowdown is performed for each water system, and clarification equipment is required for discharge, resulting in the generation of solid sludge containing iron and zinc. There is. In addition, removal of lead, hexavalent chromium, etc. and reduction of BOD and COD may be required.
[0012]
On the other hand, when raw water is used as spray water for exhaust gas cooling, there is a problem that the amount of water used increases and the operation cost increases.
[0013]
If spray water for cooling the exhaust gas is not raw water but water with high calcium hardness and suspended solids, as described above, there is a possibility that scale is generated and the pipes are blocked. As a technique slightly related to this workaround, there is a technique described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-26426, although the field is different. The technology described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-26426 uses a high-pressure spray line of a waste hydrochloric acid solution to a brewing furnace, where SiO ₂ and CaO precipitate and grow in the pipe, and the pipe is clogged or separated at a certain timing. In order to avoid operation stoppage due to blockage, a liquid cyclone is installed to remove solid matter. However, in this technology, the amount of scale that can be obtained from the combination of the hydrocyclone and the sedimentation separator is small due to the low concentration, and the operation load increases due to the increase in the discharge points of solids. Is expensive.
[0014]
Further, as a technology related to exhaust gas cooling, there is an exhaust gas treatment method described in JP-A-10-337432. This is an exhaust gas treatment method for treating exhaust gas discharged from a heat facility. The exhaust gas is collected by a wet dust collector-venturi scrubber and introduced into a gas cooler with circulating water cooled by a water cooler. The saturated gas is cooled, heated to a predetermined temperature with a heating device, and introduced into a bag filter for dust collection. However, in this method, since the high-temperature exhaust gas is once cooled with a venturi scrubber or a gas cooler and then heated with a heating device, there is a problem that the operation cost is high and the equipment cost is also expensive.
[0015]
The present invention has been made paying attention to such circumstances, and its purpose is to substantially eliminate drainage outside the system in a plant system having a production facility including a reduction furnace, This eliminates the need for clarification equipment and eliminates the solid sludge that was previously generated in the clarification equipment, and instead of collecting iron and zinc in the form of solid sludge, it can be treated or reused. It is intended to provide a technique that can be recovered as fly ash in an easy form.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The technology according to the present invention that has achieved the above object relates to a method for operating a reduction furnace. Specifically, the method for operating a reduction furnace according to the present invention is a method for operating a reduction furnace according to claims 1 to 2. (The operation method of the reduction furnace according to the first invention to the second invention), which has the following configuration.
[0017]
[0018]
That is, the operation method of the reduction furnace according to claim 1 is an operation method of the reduction furnace in which the exhaust gas of the reduction furnace is treated in the cooling tower, and two or more cooling towers that spray water on the exhaust gas system are installed. In this case, the water in contact with the reduced iron produced in the reduction furnace and / or part of its raw material is sprayed on the exhaust gas in the cooling tower on the most upstream side closest to the reduction furnace without filtering. A method of operating a reduction furnace, characterized in that the reduced iron produced in the reduction furnace and water that has not been in contact with the raw material are sprayed on the exhaust gas in the cooling tower on the most downstream side ( first). invention).
[0019]
The operation method of the reduction furnace according to claim 2 , wherein the content of suspended solids in water in contact with reduced iron produced in the reduction furnace and / or a part of its raw material is 20 mg / L or more, The method for operating a reduction furnace according to claim 2, wherein the content of suspended solids in the reduced iron produced in the furnace and in the water not in contact with the raw material is less than 20 mg / L ( second invention).
[0020]
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Blow-down water for use in a manufacturing facility having a heating furnace such as a mobile hearth furnace for reducing metal oxide is sprayed and evaporated on the exhaust gas discharged from the heating furnace to the outside of the furnace. Solid dust is removed (this technique is hereinafter referred to as technique 1 of the basic invention).
[0022]
[0023]
According to the technology 1 of the basic invention, blowdown water (drainage) from a manufacturing facility including a heating furnace (hereinafter also referred to as a plant) is sprayed and evaporated on exhaust gas discharged from the heating furnace to the outside of the furnace. As a result, waste water outside the plant system can be substantially eliminated (the amount of waste water can be as close to zero as possible), thereby eliminating the need for clarification equipment. In addition, solid sludge and the like that have been generated in the clarification facility can be eliminated, and solids such as iron and zinc that have been recovered in the clarification facility can be removed by the cooling tower of the exhaust gas system of the heating furnace. It can be collected and recovered as ash. Furthermore, suspended solids contained in blowdown water reduce the kinetic energy of solid dust due to collision with solid dust in the exhaust gas, thereby increasing the dust collection efficiency in the cooling tower installed outside the heating furnace. it can.
[0024]
Instead a operation method of reducing furnace for processing the exhaust gas of the original reactor in a cooling tower, water in contact with a portion of the reduced iron and / or its raw material produced in the reduction furnace, without filtration, A method of operating a reduction furnace characterized in that solid dust in the exhaust gas is removed by spraying and evaporating on the exhaust gas in the cooling tower , that is, the heating furnace in the technology 1 of the basic invention is for metal oxide reduction with identifying that a reduction furnace of the moving hearth furnace or the like of the blowdown water is sprayed to the exhaust gas in the art of the basic invention (drainage) of reduced iron produced in the reduction furnace and / or its raw material In the case of water identified as being in contact with a part of the water (hereinafter also referred to as direct cooling water) (this technology is hereinafter referred to as technology 2 of the basic invention), it is directly used in the reduction furnace and peripheral equipment. In the cooling water, handle in the reduction furnace The use of this direct cooling water can increase the dust collection efficiency, and the dust components scattered from the reduction furnace to the exhaust gas are contained in the reduction furnace. It is almost the same as suspended matter in cooling water directly in that it contains the metal or its compound handled in the above, so the composition of the dust collected by the exhaust gas does not change, and therefore it is special during separation of fly ash. No processing is required. In particular, when zinc is contained in the waste water, the zinc can be recovered without requiring a special operation for removing zinc from the waste water. Such various effects are exhibited.
[0025]
Suspended solids out of water: 20 mg / L: a direct cooling water containing (mg / l) or more is sprayed into the exhaust gas in the cooling tower by evaporation, remove solids dust in the exhaust gas. By spraying the direct cooling water of the suspended matter: 20 mg / L or more in this way, the kinetic energy of the solid matter dust is reduced by the collision of the suspended matter and the solid matter dust in the exhaust gas, and the dust collection efficiency is increased. For this reason, for example, dust collection can be performed by a simple coarse dust collection method such as gravity type, inertia type, and centrifugal force type. Thereby, the density | concentration of zinc etc. which are collected with a bag filter etc. of a back | latter stage can be increased.
[0026]
The operation method of the reduction furnace according to the first invention (invention 1 ) is the direct cooling water (reduced iron produced in the reduction furnace and / or Or water that has been in contact with a part of the raw material) without being filtered, sprayed to the exhaust gas in the cooling tower on the uppermost stream side closest to the reduction furnace, and contacted with the reduced iron produced in the reduction furnace and its raw material. Water that was not present (hereinafter also referred to as indirect cooling water) is sprayed on the exhaust gas in the cooling tower on the most downstream side. In this way, when the cooling water is sprayed directly on the cooling tower on the most upstream side, the dust collection effect is improved. That is, since the amount of dust in the exhaust gas is larger toward the upstream side, the collision probability is high, and thus the dust collection effect is increased. On the other hand, by spraying the indirect cooling water on the cooling tower on the most downstream side, blockage of the water spray nozzle can be avoided. At this time, it is desirable that the content of the suspended solid in the direct cooling water is 20 mg / L or more and the content of the suspended solid in the indirect cooling water is less than 20 mg / L ( second invention). In this case, the above-described effects (improvement of dust collection effect and nozzle blockage avoidance) are more reliable and at a high level.
[0027]
In the present invention, when installing a cooling tower for spraying cooling water at a plurality of gas temperature positions in the exhaust gas system, the water blow-down in the plant is divided into a plurality, and water containing a large amount of suspended solids is gas temperature. It is desirable to spray only on the cooling tower at a higher position and spray water with less suspended solids on the cooling tower at a lower gas temperature. The reason is described below. In order to completely evaporate water particles without increasing the size of the cooling tower, it is necessary to reduce the water particle diameter of water sprayed at a position where the exhaust gas temperature is low. For this reason, the nozzle diameter and the pipe diameter are reduced, and there is a risk of pipe clogging due to the formation of a scale. By using water with a high content of suspended solids in the cooling tower at a high gas temperature and using water with a low amount of suspended solids in the cooling tower at a low gas temperature, troubles such as pipe clogging are reduced.
[0028]
When process water that contains a lot of suspended solids and water that does not contain a lot of suspended matter are used in the same cooling tower, and the gas temperature in that cooling tower is controlled by these waters, this gas temperature is the water that does not contain much suspended matter. It is desirable to control by the amount. When the amount of water with a large amount of suspended solids (SS: 20 mg / L or more) is increased or decreased, the flow velocity in the piping fluctuates, scales are formed, or piping wear occurs. This is because piping trouble is reduced by not changing the flow rate of water with a large amount of water.
[0029]
【Example】
[ Reference Example 1 (Example of Basic Invention Technology 2) ]
The technical outline regarding the operation method of the reduction furnace which concerns on the reference example 1 is typically shown in FIG. Reference Example 1 is an example in which the steelmaking dust is applied to a reduction furnace for producing reduced iron. That is, this is an application example of technology 2 of the basic invention when the reducing furnace is a reducing furnace (rotary hearth furnace) for producing reduced iron. Details thereof will be described below.
[0030]
The reduced iron produced in the reduction furnace (rotary hearth furnace) is directly cooled by cooling water. In addition to this, the water used for the sealing of the reduction furnace is also directly cooled as it is in direct contact with the raw materials and part of the product. In this reference example 1 , the floating substance in direct cooling water is 180 mg / L (: mg / liter), and the iron content in it is 60 mg / L.
[0031]
The exhaust gas from the reduction furnace is led to the cooling tower, and the water used for cooling the reduced iron produced in the reduction furnace and the water sealing of the reduction furnace (blowdown water for water), that is, direct cooling water is led to the cooling tower, This direct cooling water is sprayed on the exhaust gas in a cooling tower and evaporated.
[0032]
The exhaust gas is cooled and temperature-controlled in the cooling tower, the solid content is removed by inertia dust collection, and then removed by a dust collector at the rear stage of the cooling tower.
[0033]
The exhaust gas from the iron-making dust reduction furnace has a solid content such as iron and a component such as zinc that evaporates in the furnace and solidifies as it cools or reacts in the exhaust gas. In this reference example 1, it is to remove the solids by inertia dust collector in the cooling tower. Alternatively, gravity dust collection or centrifugal dust collection can be performed.
[0034]
A bug filter is used for the dust collector at the rear stage to remove zinc and other components. It is also possible to use a scrubber or an electric dust collector instead of the bag filter.
[0035]
The suspended solids contained directly in the cooling water can be separated and recovered from the gas by inertia dust collection in the cooling tower. At this time, the kinetic energy of the solid dust is reduced due to the collision of the suspended matter and the solid dust in the exhaust gas, and the dust collection efficiency of the solid dust is increased.
[0036]
The dust collected by the bag filter at the latter stage is used as a raw material for zinc refining, but the solid dust mixed in the dust can be reduced by improving the dust collection efficiency of the solid dust. Can be increased.
[0037]
In this reference example 1 , when direct cooling water of 180 mg / L of suspended solids (including 60 mg / L of iron) was blown into the cooling tower and sprayed, the dust collected in the cooling tower was about 4.2 t ( T), the dust collected by the bag filter was about 46.5 tons per week. In contrast, when raw water was blown into the cooling tower, the dust collected in the cooling tower was about 3.5 tons per week, and the dust collected by the bag filter was about 46.9 tons in one week. It was. When the cooling water was sprayed directly, about 300 kg of dust could be recovered directly from the cooling water as solid dust. In this way, the dust collected in each case did not show a great difference in composition between the case where the cooling water was directly used and the case where the raw water was used, and an equivalent treatment could be performed.
[0038]
Example 1
The technical outline regarding the operating method of the reduction furnace according to Example 1 is schematically shown in FIG. In Example 1, heat recovery was performed by attaching waste heat recovery equipment to the exhaust gas equipment of Reference Example 1 . Details thereof will be described below.
[0039]
A cooling tower is also installed after the heat exchanger provided downstream of the cooling tower on the most upstream side, and the temperature before the bag filter (dust collector) is adjusted. However, in this embodiment, blowdown water of indirect cooling water is used for the subsequent cooling tower. This is due to the following reason.
[0040]
Since the gas temperature in the subsequent cooling tower is lower than that in the preceding cooling tower and the outlet temperature is 150 to 300 ° C., water particles are completely evaporated without enlarging the size of the cooling tower. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to reduce the water particle size, and therefore it is necessary to use finer spray nozzles compared to the cooling tower in the previous stage. If a large amount of water is used, there is a risk of clogging of the nozzles and piping, and indirect cooling water with a small amount of suspended solids is used to avoid such troubles. In addition, the exit temperature of the cooling tower of the front | former stage is 350-600 degreeC. Moreover, the suspended solid contained in the indirect cooling water sprayed in the subsequent cooling tower is 10 mg / L, which is much less than the direct cooling water.
[0041]
[ Reference Example 2 ]
The technical outline regarding the operation method of the reduction furnace which concerns on the reference example 2 is typically shown in FIG. In Reference Example 2 , direct cooling water and indirect cooling water are used as water sprayed by the preceding cooling tower (the cooling tower on the most upstream side) in Example 1 . Details will be described below.
[0042]
The temperature of the exhaust gas in the cooling tower is controlled by the amount of spray water, but if the amount of direct cooling water containing a large amount of suspended solids is reduced, the flow velocity in the pipe will decrease and scale will accumulate. There is a risk that the flow rate of the pipe increases and the wear of the piping is promoted. Therefore, in Reference Example 2 , the temperature of exhaust gas was controlled by keeping the amount of direct cooling water sprayed on the preceding cooling tower constant and by increasing or decreasing the amount of indirect cooling water sprayed on the preceding cooling tower. As a result, the amount of cooling water is not directly increased or decreased, and scale accumulation and piping wear can be prevented.
[0043]
In addition, it is possible to perform cleaning without stopping the operation by switching the number of nozzles directly spraying cooling water over the necessary number in order, or by installing a bypass line in the piping system for switching. Then better. This is the same in Reference Example 1, Example 1 and Reference Example 2 .
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
According to the operation method of the reduction furnace according to the present invention, in the plant system having the production equipment including the reduction furnace, drainage to the outside of the system can be substantially eliminated, thereby eliminating the need for clarification equipment, In addition, solid sludge, etc. that has been generated in the conventional clarification facility can be eliminated, and iron and zinc that have been recovered as solid sludge in the conventional clarification facility can be recovered as fly ash in a form that is easy to treat or reuse. Furthermore, the suspended solids in the wastewater collide with the solid dust in the exhaust gas from the reduction furnace to reduce the kinetic energy of the solid dust, thereby the cooling tower installed outside the reduction furnace Ri Na to be able to enhance the dust collection efficiency, the addition, it is possible to avoid the clogging of the nozzle for spraying water cooling tower.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an outline of a technique related to a method for operating a reduction furnace according to Reference Example 1. FIG.
[2] The outline of the technology related operation method of reducing furnace according to Embodiment 1 is a diagram schematically showing.
FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing an outline of a technique related to a reduction furnace operating method according to Reference Example 2 ;
FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing an outline of a technique related to a method for operating a reduction furnace according to a conventional example.

Claims (2)

A reduction furnace operating method for treating the exhaust gas of a reduction furnace in a cooling tower, wherein two or more cooling towers for spraying water are installed in the exhaust gas system, and the reduced iron produced in the reduction furnace and Water that has contacted a part of the raw material is sprayed and evaporated to the exhaust gas in the cooling tower on the most upstream side closest to the reduction furnace without filtering, and reduced iron produced in the reduction furnace and its A method for operating a reduction furnace, characterized in that water that has not contacted the raw material is sprayed on the exhaust gas in the cooling tower on the most downstream side . The content of suspended solids in water in contact with reduced iron produced in the reducing furnace and / or part of the raw material is 20 mg / L or more, and is in contact with reduced iron produced in the reducing furnace and the raw material The method for operating a reduction furnace according to claim 1, wherein the content of suspended solids in water that has not been reduced is less than 20 mg / L.

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