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JP4196656B2 - Steel material with excellent weather resistance - Google Patents

Steel material with excellent weather resistance Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4196656B2
JP4196656B2 JP2002345895A JP2002345895A JP4196656B2 JP 4196656 B2 JP4196656 B2 JP 4196656B2 JP 2002345895 A JP2002345895 A JP 2002345895A JP 2002345895 A JP2002345895 A JP 2002345895A JP 4196656 B2 JP4196656 B2 JP 4196656B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
rust
steel material
weather resistance
steel
iron oxide
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JP2004176151A (en
Inventor
和幸 鹿島
英昭 幸
隆之 上村
教史 土井
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
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  • Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、耐候性を示す鋼材、特に橋梁、鉄塔などの鋼構造物に用いる耐候性に優れた鋼材に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、P、Cu、Cr、Ni等の元素を添加した鋼組成とすることにより、鋼材の大気中における耐食性、つまり耐候性を向上させることができる。これらの元素を含有した低合金鋼は耐候性鋼と呼ばれている。
【0003】
耐候性鋼では、数年間大気に曝されたときの大気腐食の進行に伴って、その表面に腐食に対して保護性のある錆(以下、耐候性錆という)層が形成されると、以後の腐食が抑制されるため、塗装等の防食処理を施さずに使用することができ、鋼構造物の維持管理、つまりメンテナンスの低減が可能である。
【0004】
しかし、そのような耐候性錆の形成には数年あるいは10年程度の長期間を要し、それに至るまでの比較的初期に赤錆や流れ錆が発生し、鋼構造物の景観性を低下させるという欠点がある。
【0005】
さらに、塩化物が飛来するような海浜あるいは海岸地域や、融雪塩、凍結防止剤が散布される山間部や寒冷地のような塩分の多い環境( 以下、単に塩分環境という) においては、塩化物の存在によって上述のような耐候性錆の生成が困難であり、所期の耐候性を確保できないばかりか、鋼材自体が著しく腐食してしまうという問題がある。
【0006】
すなわち、塩分環境では、Clイオンを取り込むことにより結晶構造が安定になるβ−FeOOH(鉱物名: アカガネアイト) が生成し、耐候性錆が生成せず、層状剥離錆に代表される、保護作用の乏しい錆が生成するため、腐食が進行することになる。さらに、β−FeOOH は電気化学的に活性であり、Feの溶出反応( 酸化反応) の対反応としてカソード反応( 還元反応) を担う可能性があり、むしろ腐食を促進すると考えられている。
【0007】
従来にあっても、そのような塩分環境における耐候性を改善した鋼材として、例えば特開平11−172370号公報にあるように、Niを含有する鋼材が提案されている。しかし、鋼材を裸で使用する限り流れ錆等による景観性の低下は避けられず、また高価なNiを多く含有するためコストが高い等の問題がある。
【0008】
また、発明者らは特開2002−59076 号公報において、炭酸イオンを0.03〜12質量%を含有する樹脂塗料、あるいは炭酸イオンを0.01〜12%に加え硫酸ニッケルを0.1 〜10質量%を含有する樹脂塗料を被覆して耐候性錆を早期に育成する方法を提案している。
【0009】
【特許文献1】
特開平11−172370号公報、請求項1
【特許文献2】
特開2002−59076 号公報、請求項1
【0010】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、例えば、特許文献2においては、炭酸イオンのみが存在する場合はα−FeOOH が優先的に生成するが、塩分が多く飛来する環境における耐候性が不十分であり、また炭酸イオンに加え硫酸ニッケル等を含有する場合は、硫酸鉄などの副生成物が析出し景観性が低下するということが経験された。
【0011】
ここに、本発明の課題は、塩分の多く飛来する地域も含む大気腐食環境においても耐候性錆をすみやかに形成し、長期にわたる耐候性を発揮できる鋼材およびそのための表面処理剤を提供することである。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、かかる課題を達成すべく種々検討の結果、以下のような知見を得て、本発明に至った。
【0013】
(1) 鋼材表面にAl含有スピネル型鉄酸化物を含む錆層が形成されると、耐候性が向上する。特に塩分環境における耐候性は著しく向上する。
(2) 鋼材表面にFeAl2O4 を含有する塗膜を被覆することにより、Alを含有したスピネル型の錆が優先的に生成する。
【0014】
(3) FeAl2O4 に加え、塩化物を除く可溶性のアルミニウム化合物を含有する塗膜を被覆すると、アルミニウム化合物よりAlが供給されることによりさらに耐候性が向上する。
【0015】
(4) Alをその鋼組成の1成分として含有する鋼材に上記塗膜を施した場合、母材からAlが供給されることにより、長期にわたり優れた耐候性が確保される。
すなわち、本発明によれば、スピネル型鉄酸化物に安定化元素が存在することで耐候性に優れた緻密な錆層が例えば数年という短期間に速やかに形成され、優れた耐候性が発揮されることを見出したのである。このときの安定化元素としては上述のように代表例はAlであるが、その他、Mg、Mn、Zn等も考えられる。以下にあっては、この安定化元素としてはAlをもって説明する。
【0016】
本発明は、かかる知見に基づいて完成されたもので、Al含有スピネル型鉄酸化物を含む錆層を表面に備えたことを特徴とする耐候性を示す鋼材である。
かかる錆層の形成は、5〜50質量%のFeAl2O4 を含有する有機樹脂塗膜を鋼材表面に備えることにより、好ましくは、質量%でAl:0.01〜3.0 を含有する鋼組成の鋼材の表面に上記塗膜を備えることにより、促進される。
【0017】
本発明の好適態様では、前記有機樹脂塗膜が乾燥膜厚5〜50μmであることが好ましい。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。
まず、本発明におけるAl含有スピネル型鉄酸化物からなる錆層による耐候性向上効果について説明する。
【0019】
大気腐食環境中で生成する鉄錆には、α−FeOOH 、β−FeOOH 、γ−FeOOH 、Fe3O4 等がある。その中でもFe3O4 はスピネル型の酸化物であり、安定な物質であるが、錆層に欠陥が存在すると十分な耐候性が得られない。しかし、Feの一部をAlで置換したAl含有スピネル型鉄酸化物が生成することにより、緻密で欠陥の少ない錆層が鋼材表面に形成され、耐候性が向上する。特に塩分の多いような厳しい腐食環境においては著しい耐候性向上効果が得られる。
【0020】
ここに、本明細書に云う「Al含有スピネル型鉄酸化物(FeAl2O4) 」は、後述する実施例においても記載のように、X線回折により確認されるスピネル型鉄酸化物の存在とEPMAによって確認されるAlの存在とによって同定されるものとする。また母材から供給されるCr、Ni、Cuなどの合金元素をさらに含有する場合も同様である。
【0021】
このようなAl含有スピネル型鉄酸化物は、本発明者らの研究によると次のような手段でもって鋼材表面に優先的に生成させることができる。
▲1▼FeAl2O4 を含有する塗膜を鋼材表面に設けること。
▲2▼上記鋼材としてAlを比較的多量に含む鋼材を用いること。
▲3▼上記塗膜にさらに可溶性アルミニウム化合物を配合してもよい。
【0022】
図1ないし図4は、本発明にしたがってFeAl2O4 含有塗料を鋼材の表面に塗布してからAl含有スピネル型酸化鉄の錆が鋼材表面に局部的に形成され、さらにそれが錆層として鋼材表面を覆う過程を示す模式的説明図である。
【0023】
まず、図1に示すように、鋼材1の表面に塗膜2が設けられる。この塗膜には、FeAl2O4 が含有されているため、経時的に、例えば塗膜形成直後から数年の間に、一部赤錆、流れ錆が生じるが、同時にAl含有スピネル型鉄酸化物から成る錆3が鋼材表面と塗膜の境界部に形成される。このAl含有スピネル型鉄酸化物から成る錆3は、その後、さらに成長を続けて錆層4を形成して、図3に示すように鋼材1の表面を被覆する。この段階では表面に塗膜2が残存している場合もあるが、状況によっては、またさらに時間経過すると、図4に示すように、錆層4が鋼材表面の全部を占めるようになる。これは塗膜の特性によって決まる。いずれの場合にあっても、鋼材の表面は安定な錆層4によって覆われているため、十分な耐候性が示される。
【0024】
次に、本発明において塗膜中に含有されるFeAl2O4 がAl含有スピネル型酸化鉄の錆層の形成にどのように関与しているかを説明する。
通常、大気腐食環境中ではα−FeOOH 、β−FeOOH 、γ−FeOOH 、Fe3O4 等の錆が混合した錆層が形成される。しかし、塗膜中にFeAl2O4 が含有されると、腐食反応時に溶出したFeイオンが錆となる時に上記FeAl2O4 が核となり優先的にAl含有スピネル型鉄酸化物から成る錆が生成する。これにより、鋼表面にAl含有スピネル型鉄酸化物からなる錆層が形成され耐候性が向上する。
【0025】
また、このように鋼材表面に設けた塗膜により外部へのFeイオンの流出を抑制することができ、初期の赤錆や流れ錆の発生を抑え、景観性を向上させる効果もある。
【0026】
Al含有スピネル型鉄酸化物の形成の効果は、塗膜、つまり塗料の固形分に対し5質量%以上のFeAl2O4 が含有されることにより発揮され、50質量%を超えると効果が飽和するため、塗料の固形分に対する含有量は5〜50質量%とした。好ましくは、10〜50%である。
【0027】
一般に、FeAl2O4 は鉱物 (ヘルシナイト) として天然にも存在し、またフラックス法、ベルヌイ法によって合成でき、本発明においても、そのようなものを粒子状で塗料に分散・配合すればよい。さらに本発明において使用できるFeAl2O4 は、余りに微細な結晶で通常のX線回折では明瞭なピークが観られないものも含む。
【0028】
なお、ここで言う含有量とは塗膜固形分に対する質量割合を意味する。
本発明の別の態様によれば、FeAl2O4 に加え、塗膜中に塩化物以外の可溶性のアルミニウム化合物を同時に含有させてもよい。このような可溶性のアルミニウム化合物が存在すると、Al含有スピネル型の錆の生成に必要なアルミニウムイオンが供給されることにより、長期にわたり良好な耐候性が得られる。これら可溶性のアルミニウム化合物による効果は、水溶性アルミニウム化合物が1質量%以上含有されることにより発揮されるが、30質量%を超えると硫酸イオンなどと鉄が反応することによる副生成物が析出し景観性が低下するため、水溶性アルミニウム化合物の含有量は1〜30質量%とするのが望ましい。
【0029】
このときの可溶性アルミニウム化合物としては、硫酸アルミニウム、硝酸アルミニウム等が挙げられる。
さらには、銅、ニッケルの化合物やリン酸を添加しても良い。銅、ニッケルについては錆中にAlと共存して含有されると、耐候性錆の保護性が高くなり耐候性を一層向上させる効果を有する。リン酸は、錆層に吸着することにより錆層中の塩分の透過を抑制し塩分環境における耐候性を向上させる効果がある。これらは単独でも、あるいは複合して添加しても良いが、塗膜中の含有量は合計で1〜30質量%とするのが望ましい。
【0030】
本発明において鋼材表面に設けられる塗膜における膜成分として使用される有機樹脂には特に制限はなく、ブチラール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、ビニル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、アクリル樹脂、アルキド樹脂、フタル酸樹脂等が挙げられる。また上記樹脂を塗料化する際、溶剤系、水系いずれの塗料としてもよい。
【0031】
また、本発明における塗膜中には、FeAl2O4 や可溶性のアルミニウム化合物の他に、ベンガラ、二酸化チタン、フタロシアニンブルー等の着色顔料; タルク、シリカ、マイカ、硫酸バリウム、炭酸カルシウム等の体質顔料; 酸化クロム、クロム酸亜鉛、クロム酸鉛、塩基性硫酸鉛等の防錆顔料; その他チキソ剤、分散剤、酸化防止剤等慣用の添加剤を含有してもよい。
【0032】
使用時には適当量の溶剤または水により塗装作業に適した粘度に調整され、溶剤または水分は、塗装後自然乾燥により蒸散する。水分の一部は、耐候性錆の生成反応にも寄与するものと考えられる。
【0033】
本発明の好適態様で上記塗膜の膜厚を5〜50μm としたのは、5μm 未満では鉄イオンの塗膜外への溶出が多くなり、耐候性錆が効率よく生成しなくなるとともに塗膜外へ流れ出た鉄イオンにより初期に塗膜上に赤錆が発生したり、流れ錆による周囲の汚染も考えられるためである。膜厚が50μm を超えると、耐候性錆の生成効果が飽和するとともに、水や酸素の透過が著しく抑制されることにより比較的厳しくない腐食環境において錆の生成自体が遅くなる場合があり、さらにはコスト増にもつながる。このため、好ましくは、膜厚は5〜50μm である。
【0034】
上記塗膜は、通常の塗装方法と同様に、エアスプレー、エアレススプレーあるいは刷毛塗り等慣用の方法で塗装することができるため、場所を選ばず施工が可能であり、また、比較的膜厚の薄い塗装であるため、経済性にも優れている。さらには、現地塗装が可能なため、現地における鋼材の切断・加工後、また溶接施工等の後や、表面に錆の発生している鋼材にも対応できる。
【0035】
ここでいう膜厚は平均膜厚であり、電磁微厚計、例えば (株) サンコウ電子研究所製CRT-2000II電磁式デジタル膜厚計を用いて鋼材表面の樹脂塗膜の膜厚を10点以上測定した平均値で求めることができる。
【0036】
次に、本発明の鋼材におけるAlの効果について説明する。
鋼材に含有されているAlは腐食反応時に鋼材よりFeとともに溶出し、Al含有スピネル型鉄酸化物からなる錆層の形成に必要なアルミニウムイオンを供給することにより長期的な耐候性を確保する効果がある。この効果は、Al:0.01 %以上含有する鋼においてより顕著に見られ、3.0 %を超えて含有すると、その鋼材の溶接性を著しく低下させ、さらにはコストが高くなるため、0.01〜3.0 %とした。好ましくは、0.01〜2.5 %である。
【0037】
本発明にかかる鋼材の形態は、特に制限されないが、一般には、板材、管材、そして形材が挙げられる。
また、その鋼組成についても特に制限されないが、すでに述べたようにA:0.01〜3.0 %含有するものが好ましく、その他の成分については、例えば普通鋼であってもよく、あるいは耐候性鋼やNiを含有する低合金鋼であってもよく、長期の耐久性の観点から望ましい。しかし、本発明では、表面錆層は速やかにしかも主として外部的要因で形成されることから、従来の耐候性材のそれに制限されず、鋼材の用途に応じて自由に選択してもよい。
【0038】
次に、実施例によって本発明の作用効果をさらに具体的に説明する。
【0039】
【実施例】
本発明の実施例に用いた鋼材の化学成分を表1に、また塗料に用いる基材樹脂組成を表2に示す。本例で用いたFeAl2O4 はベルヌイ法により合成した粒子状のものであった。
【0040】
各鋼材より100 ×60×3mmの形状の試験片を採取し、前処理としてブラスト処理によりSa2.5 (SISスウェーデン規格)とした。
表3に腐食試験片の一覧を示す。表中の添加剤とは、塗料分散剤や酸化防止剤などの添加剤を意味する。
【0041】
腐食試験としては、兵庫県尼崎市において希釈人工海水塗布試験を実施した。まず、上記腐食試験片を屋根付きの架台に水平に設置し、1週間に1回、試験溶液を試験片表面に付着させる。試験溶液として人工海水を15倍に希釈した溶液を用い、試験片1枚あたり、1回に4ccずつ溶液を付着させた。本試験条件の平均付着塩分は2mdd(mg/dm2/day)であった。
【0042】
腐食試験は2年間実施し、試験後に表面の錆層をカッターナイフで除去した後、10%クエン酸水素二アンモニウム溶液中に浸漬し鋼材表面に固着した錆を除去し、試験前後の重量差を表面積で割ることにより板厚減少量を算出した。
【0043】
Al含有スピネル型の錆の存在有無については、試験片より採取した錆のX線回折およびEPMA分析を行なうことにより調べた。
X線回折用のサンプルは、試験後の試験片よりさびを採取しそれを乳鉢により30分間粉砕混合することにより得た。
【0044】
X線回折測定は、理学電気(株)製のRU200 形式の装置を用い、電圧−電流を30kV−100mA とし走査速度2°/min. で実施した。ターゲットとしてはCoを用いた。またEPMA分析用のサンプルは、試験後の試験片より15mm角を切り出し、常温硬化性エポキシ樹脂に埋め込み断面を鏡面研磨することにより得た。
【0045】
測定は(株)島津製作所製のEPM810形式の装置を用い、Fe、O、Al等の元素の分布を調べることにより、上記X線による回折パターンとあわせてAl含有スピネル型鉄酸化物の有無を判定した。
【0046】
Al含有スピネル型鉄酸化物の生成の判定は、X線回折によりスピネル型鉄酸化物が検出され、かつ錆中にAlの存在が確認された場合に○とし、スピネル型鉄酸化物が検出されない、もしくは錆中にAlの存在が見られない場合は×とした。
【0047】
また、景観性の評価は試験片の初期外観により行なった。初期外観は、試験開始から半年後の時点で表面の赤錆や流れ錆の発生状況を目視により観察し、試験片の全面積の50%以上に赤錆の発生や流れ錆の付着があれば×、50%未満であれば○と評価した。
【0048】
試験結果を表4に示す。
本発明例1〜19においては、塗膜中に適当量のFeAl2O4 が含有されているため、Al含有スピネル型の錆層が形成され腐食速度が0.04mm/年末満と耐候性が著しく向上しかつ景観性も良好である。これに対し、比較例20〜22においては、FeAl2O4 の含有量が5%未満のため、比較例23では処理膜厚が5μm 未満と薄いためにAl含有スピネル型の錆層が十分に形成されず、腐食速度が0.133mm/年以上と耐候性が不十分である。
【0049】
【表1】

Figure 0004196656
【0050】
【表2】
Figure 0004196656
【0051】
【表3】
Figure 0004196656
【0052】
【表4】
Figure 0004196656
【0053】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、大気腐食環境、特に塩分環境における耐候性に優れた鋼材を得ることができる。特に、加速試験によれば2年で安定錆が形成されることから、これは実際の環境では数年に相当し、従来の10年近い年月から比較するとかなり短縮されると云うことができる。しかも、これと相まって赤錆や流れ錆などがなく、景観性が害されることはない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明にしたがって鋼材の表面に塗膜を設けたときの模式的説明図である。
【図2】本発明において鋼材の表面に耐候性錆が生成するときの模式的説明図である。
【図3】本発明にかかる耐候性を示す鋼材の模式的説明図である。
【図4】本発明にかかる別の形態の鋼材の模式的説明図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a steel material exhibiting weather resistance, particularly a steel material excellent in weather resistance used for steel structures such as bridges and steel towers.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, by using a steel composition to which elements such as P, Cu, Cr, and Ni are added, the corrosion resistance of the steel material in the atmosphere, that is, the weather resistance, can be improved. Low alloy steels containing these elements are called weathering steels.
[0003]
In weathering steel, as the corrosion of air on the surface of the steel increases with the progress of atmospheric corrosion when exposed to the atmosphere for several years, a rust layer (hereinafter referred to as weathering rust) is formed on the surface. Therefore, the steel structure can be used without being subjected to anticorrosion treatment such as painting, and maintenance and management of the steel structure, that is, maintenance can be reduced.
[0004]
However, the formation of such weather-resistant rust takes a long period of several years or 10 years, and red rust and flow rust occur at a relatively early stage until that time, and the scenic properties of the steel structure are reduced. There is a drawback.
[0005]
Furthermore, in beaches or coastal areas where chlorides fly, and in salty environments (hereinafter simply referred to as salinity environments) such as mountainous areas or cold regions where snowmelt salt and anti-freezing agents are sprayed, As a result, it is difficult to produce weatherable rust as described above, and the desired weather resistance cannot be ensured, and the steel material itself is significantly corroded.
[0006]
In other words, in the salt environment, β-FeOOH (mineral name: akaganeite), which stabilizes the crystal structure by the incorporation of Cl ions, is generated, and no weathering rust is generated. Since poor rust is generated, corrosion proceeds. Furthermore, β-FeOOH is electrochemically active, and may be responsible for the cathodic reaction (reduction reaction) as a counter-reaction of the Fe elution reaction (oxidation reaction), and rather is thought to promote corrosion.
[0007]
Conventionally, steel materials containing Ni have been proposed as steel materials having improved weather resistance in such a salt environment as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-172370. However, as long as the steel material is used barely, there is a problem that the deterioration of the scenery due to flowing rust and the like is unavoidable, and there is a problem that the cost is high because a lot of expensive Ni is contained.
[0008]
In addition, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-59076, the inventors include a resin paint containing 0.03 to 12% by mass of carbonate ions, or 0.01 to 12% of carbonate ions and 0.1 to 10% by mass of nickel sulfate. We have proposed a method of growing weather-resistant rust early by covering with resin paint.
[0009]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-172370, claim 1
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2002-59076 A, Claim 1
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in Patent Document 2, for example, α-FeOOH is preferentially produced when only carbonate ions are present. However, the weather resistance in an environment where a large amount of salt is flying is insufficient, and in addition to carbonate ions, sulfuric acid is added. In the case of containing nickel or the like, it has been experienced that by-products such as iron sulfate are precipitated and the scenery is lowered.
[0011]
Here, an object of the present invention is to provide a steel material and a surface treatment agent therefor that can quickly form a weather-resistant rust even in an atmospheric corrosion environment including an area where a lot of salt comes in, and exhibit a long-term weather resistance. is there.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of various studies to achieve this problem, the present inventors have obtained the following knowledge and have reached the present invention.
[0013]
(1) When a rust layer containing an Al-containing spinel iron oxide is formed on the steel material surface, the weather resistance is improved. In particular, the weather resistance in a salt environment is significantly improved.
(2) By coating the steel material surface with a coating containing FeAl 2 O 4 , spinel rust containing Al is preferentially generated.
[0014]
(3) When a coating film containing a soluble aluminum compound excluding chloride is coated in addition to FeAl 2 O 4 , the weather resistance is further improved by supplying Al from the aluminum compound.
[0015]
(4) When the above coating film is applied to a steel material containing Al as one component of its steel composition, excellent weather resistance is ensured over a long period of time by supplying Al from the base material.
That is, according to the present invention, the presence of a stabilizing element in the spinel-type iron oxide, a dense rust layer excellent in weather resistance is quickly formed, for example, in a short period of several years, and exhibits excellent weather resistance. It was found that it was done. A typical example of the stabilizing element at this time is Al as described above, but Mg, Mn, Zn, and the like are also conceivable. In the following, this stabilizing element will be described using Al.
[0016]
The present invention has been completed on the basis of such knowledge, and is a steel material having weather resistance characterized by having a rust layer containing Al-containing spinel iron oxide on the surface.
Such a rust layer is formed by providing an organic resin coating film containing 5 to 50% by mass of FeAl 2 O 4 on the surface of the steel material, preferably a steel material having a steel composition containing Al: 0.01 to 3.0% by mass. By providing the above-mentioned coating film on the surface of the film, it is accelerated.
[0017]
In the suitable aspect of this invention, it is preferable that the said organic resin coating film is 5-50 micrometers in dry film thickness.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
First, the weather resistance improvement effect by the rust layer which consists of Al containing spinel type iron oxide in this invention is demonstrated.
[0019]
Examples of iron rust generated in an atmospheric corrosive environment include α-FeOOH, β-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, and Fe 3 O 4 . Among them, Fe 3 O 4 is a spinel oxide and is a stable substance, but if the rust layer has defects, sufficient weather resistance cannot be obtained. However, when an Al-containing spinel iron oxide in which part of Fe is replaced with Al is generated, a dense rust layer with few defects is formed on the surface of the steel material, and weather resistance is improved. In particular, in a severe corrosive environment having a high salt content, a remarkable effect of improving weather resistance can be obtained.
[0020]
Here, “Al-containing spinel-type iron oxide (FeAl 2 O 4 )” referred to in the present specification is the presence of spinel-type iron oxide confirmed by X-ray diffraction as described in Examples described later. And the presence of Al confirmed by EPMA. The same applies to the case of further containing alloy elements such as Cr, Ni, and Cu supplied from the base material.
[0021]
Such an Al-containing spinel iron oxide can be preferentially produced on the steel surface by the following means according to the study by the present inventors.
(1) Provide a coating containing FeAl 2 O 4 on the steel surface.
(2) Use a steel material containing a relatively large amount of Al as the steel material.
(3) A soluble aluminum compound may be further added to the coating film.
[0022]
FIGS. 1 to 4 show that the rust of Al-containing spinel-type iron oxide is locally formed on the surface of the steel material after the FeAl 2 O 4 -containing paint is applied to the surface of the steel material according to the present invention. It is typical explanatory drawing which shows the process which covers the steel material surface.
[0023]
First, as shown in FIG. 1, a coating film 2 is provided on the surface of the steel material 1. Since this coating contains FeAl 2 O 4 , some red rust and flow rust occur over time, for example, several years after the formation of the coating, but at the same time Al-containing spinel iron oxidation Rust 3 made of a material is formed at the boundary between the steel surface and the coating film. The rust 3 made of this Al-containing spinel-type iron oxide is then further grown to form a rust layer 4 to cover the surface of the steel material 1 as shown in FIG. At this stage, the coating film 2 may remain on the surface. However, depending on the situation, when a further time elapses, the rust layer 4 occupies the entire surface of the steel material as shown in FIG. This depends on the properties of the coating. In any case, since the surface of the steel material is covered with the stable rust layer 4, sufficient weather resistance is shown.
[0024]
Next, how the FeAl 2 O 4 contained in the coating film in the present invention is involved in the formation of the rust layer of the Al-containing spinel iron oxide will be described.
Usually, a rust layer in which rust such as α-FeOOH, β-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, Fe 3 O 4 and the like is mixed is formed in an atmospheric corrosive environment. However, when FeAl 2 O 4 is contained in the coating film, when the Fe ions eluted during the corrosion reaction become rust, the above-mentioned FeAl 2 O 4 serves as a nucleus and preferentially consists of an Al-containing spinel-type iron oxide. Generate. Thereby, the rust layer which consists of Al containing spinel type iron oxide is formed in the steel surface, and a weather resistance improves.
[0025]
Moreover, the outflow of Fe ions to the outside can be suppressed by the coating film provided on the steel material surface in this way, and there is also an effect of suppressing the generation of initial red rust and flow rust and improving the landscape.
[0026]
The effect of forming Al-containing spinel-type iron oxide is exhibited by containing 5% by mass or more of FeAl 2 O 4 with respect to the solid content of the coating film, that is, the paint, and the effect is saturated when it exceeds 50% by mass. Therefore, the content with respect to the solid content of the paint is set to 5 to 50% by mass. Preferably, it is 10 to 50%.
[0027]
In general, FeAl 2 O 4 naturally exists as a mineral (helsinite) and can be synthesized by a flux method or a Bernoulli method. In the present invention, such a material may be dispersed and blended in a paint in the form of particles. Furthermore, FeAl 2 O 4 that can be used in the present invention includes those that are too fine crystals and no clear peak is observed in ordinary X-ray diffraction.
[0028]
In addition, content said here means the mass ratio with respect to coating-film solid content.
According to another aspect of the present invention, in addition to FeAl 2 O 4 , a soluble aluminum compound other than chloride may be simultaneously contained in the coating film. When such a soluble aluminum compound is present, good weather resistance can be obtained over a long period of time by supplying aluminum ions necessary for the production of Al-containing spinel-type rust. The effect of these soluble aluminum compounds is exhibited when the water-soluble aluminum compound is contained in an amount of 1% by mass or more, but when it exceeds 30% by mass, a by-product due to the reaction of iron with sulfate ions and the like is precipitated. Since scenery property falls, it is desirable to make content of a water-soluble aluminum compound into 1-30 mass%.
[0029]
Examples of the soluble aluminum compound at this time include aluminum sulfate and aluminum nitrate.
Further, a copper or nickel compound or phosphoric acid may be added. When copper and nickel are contained together with Al in the rust, the weatherproof rust is highly protected and has the effect of further improving the weather resistance. Phosphoric acid has the effect of suppressing the permeation of salt in the rust layer by adsorbing to the rust layer and improving the weather resistance in a salt environment. These may be added alone or in combination, but the total content in the coating film is preferably 1 to 30% by mass.
[0030]
In the present invention, the organic resin used as a film component in the coating film provided on the surface of the steel material is not particularly limited, butyral resin, epoxy resin, urethane resin, vinyl resin, polyester resin, acrylic resin, alkyd resin, phthalic acid resin Etc. Moreover, when making the said resin into a coating material, it is good also as a solvent-based or water-based coating material.
[0031]
Further, in the coating film in the present invention, in addition to FeAl 2 O 4 and a soluble aluminum compound, colored pigments such as Bengala, titanium dioxide, phthalocyanine blue; constitutions such as talc, silica, mica, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate Pigment; Rust preventive pigment such as chromium oxide, zinc chromate, lead chromate and basic lead sulfate; and other conventional additives such as thixotropic agents, dispersants and antioxidants.
[0032]
At the time of use, the viscosity is adjusted to a level suitable for the painting operation with an appropriate amount of solvent or water, and the solvent or moisture evaporates by natural drying after coating. A part of the water is considered to contribute to the formation reaction of weathering rust.
[0033]
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the film thickness of the coating film is set to 5 to 50 μm. When the coating film thickness is less than 5 μm, elution of iron ions to the outside of the coating film increases, and weathering rust is not generated efficiently and This is because red rust is generated on the coating film at an early stage due to iron ions flowing out to the surface, and surrounding contamination due to flowing rust is also considered. When the film thickness exceeds 50 μm, the effect of generating weatherable rust is saturated, and the permeation of water and oxygen is significantly suppressed, which may slow the generation of rust in a less severe corrosive environment. Leads to increased costs. For this reason, the film thickness is preferably 5 to 50 μm.
[0034]
Since the above coating film can be applied by a conventional method such as air spray, airless spray or brush coating in the same manner as a normal coating method, it can be applied anywhere, and a relatively thick film can be applied. Because it is thin, it is economical. Furthermore, because it can be painted on-site, it can also be applied to steel materials that have rusted on the surface after cutting and processing of steel materials on the site, after welding work, etc.
[0035]
The film thickness here is the average film thickness, and the film thickness of the resin coating on the surface of the steel is 10 points using an electromagnetic micrometer, for example, CRT-2000II electromagnetic digital film thickness meter manufactured by Sanko Electronic Laboratory Co., Ltd. It can obtain | require by the average value measured above.
[0036]
Next, the effect of Al in the steel material of the present invention will be described.
Al contained in steel is eluted with Fe from the steel during the corrosion reaction, and provides long-term weather resistance by supplying aluminum ions necessary for the formation of a rust layer made of Al-containing spinel iron oxide There is. This effect is more noticeable in the steel containing Al: 0.01% or more. If the content exceeds 3.0%, the weldability of the steel material is remarkably lowered and the cost is increased. did. Preferably, it is 0.01 to 2.5%.
[0037]
The form of the steel material according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but generally includes a plate material, a pipe material, and a shape material.
Further, the steel composition is not particularly limited, but as described above, A: 0.01 to 3.0% is preferable, and other components may be, for example, ordinary steel, or weather resistant steel or Ni It may be a low-alloy steel containing Nd, which is desirable from the viewpoint of long-term durability. However, in the present invention, the surface rust layer is formed promptly and mainly due to external factors, so that the surface rust layer is not limited to that of the conventional weathering material, and may be freely selected according to the use of the steel material.
[0038]
Next, the effects of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.
[0039]
【Example】
Table 1 shows the chemical components of the steel materials used in the examples of the present invention, and Table 2 shows the base resin composition used in the paint. The FeAl 2 O 4 used in this example was in the form of particles synthesized by the Bernoulli method.
[0040]
A test piece having a shape of 100 × 60 × 3 mm was collected from each steel material, and pre-treated as Sa2.5 (SIS Swedish standard) by blasting.
Table 3 shows a list of corrosion test pieces. The additives in the table mean additives such as paint dispersants and antioxidants.
[0041]
As a corrosion test, a diluted artificial seawater application test was conducted in Amagasaki City, Hyogo Prefecture. First, the said corrosion test piece is installed horizontally on a mount with a roof, and a test solution is made to adhere to the test piece surface once a week. A solution obtained by diluting artificial seawater 15 times was used as a test solution, and 4 cc of the solution was attached to each test piece. The average deposited salinity in this test condition was 2 mdd (mg / dm 2 / day).
[0042]
The corrosion test was conducted for 2 years. After the test, the rust layer on the surface was removed with a cutter knife, and then the rust adhered to the steel surface was removed by immersion in a 10% diammonium hydrogen citrate solution. The thickness reduction amount was calculated by dividing by the surface area.
[0043]
The presence or absence of Al-containing spinel type rust was examined by performing X-ray diffraction and EPMA analysis of rust sampled from the test piece.
A sample for X-ray diffraction was obtained by collecting rust from a test piece after the test and pulverizing and mixing it with a mortar for 30 minutes.
[0044]
X-ray diffraction measurement was performed using a RU200 type apparatus manufactured by Rigaku Denki Co., Ltd., with a voltage-current of 30 kV-100 mA and a scanning speed of 2 ° / min. Co was used as a target. A sample for EPMA analysis was obtained by cutting a 15 mm square from the test piece after the test, and embedding it in a room temperature curable epoxy resin to mirror polish the cross section.
[0045]
The measurement is performed by using an EPM810 type device manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, and by examining the distribution of elements such as Fe, O, and Al, whether or not the Al-containing spinel iron oxide is present together with the diffraction pattern by the X-ray. Judged.
[0046]
The determination of the formation of Al-containing spinel-type iron oxide is ○ when spinel-type iron oxide is detected by X-ray diffraction and the presence of Al is confirmed in rust, and spinel-type iron oxide is not detected Or, when the presence of Al was not observed in the rust, it was marked as x.
[0047]
In addition, the scenic evaluation was performed based on the initial appearance of the test piece. The initial appearance is visually observed for the occurrence of red rust and flow rust on the surface half a year after the start of the test. If there is red rust or flow rust on more than 50% of the total area of the test piece, If it was less than 50%, it was evaluated as ○.
[0048]
The test results are shown in Table 4.
In Inventive Examples 1 to 19, since an appropriate amount of FeAl 2 O 4 is contained in the coating film, an Al-containing spinel-type rust layer is formed, and the corrosion rate is 0.04 mm / year-end and weather resistance is remarkably high. It is improved and the scenery is good. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 20 to 22, since the content of FeAl 2 O 4 is less than 5%, in Comparative Example 23, the treatment film thickness is as thin as less than 5 μm, so the Al-containing spinel type rust layer is sufficient. It is not formed, and the corrosion rate is 0.133 mm / year or more and the weather resistance is insufficient.
[0049]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004196656
[0050]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004196656
[0051]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004196656
[0052]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004196656
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
By this invention, the steel material excellent in the weather resistance in an atmospheric corrosive environment, especially a salt environment can be obtained. In particular, according to the accelerated test, stable rust is formed in 2 years. This is equivalent to several years in the actual environment, and it can be said that it is considerably shortened compared to the past nearly 10 years. . Moreover, coupled with this, there is no red rust or flow rust, and the scenery is not harmed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view when a coating film is provided on the surface of a steel material according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram when weathering rust is generated on the surface of a steel material in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view of a steel material showing weather resistance according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view of another form of steel according to the present invention.

Claims (4)

Al含有スピネル型鉄酸化物を含む錆層を表面に備えたことを特徴とする耐候性を示す鋼材。A steel material having weather resistance, characterized in that a rust layer containing Al-containing spinel iron oxide is provided on the surface. 塗料の固形分に対してFeAl2O4 を5〜50質量%含む塗料から成る、Al含有スピネル型鉄酸化物を含む錆を形成させる表面処理剤。A surface treatment agent for forming rust containing an Al-containing spinel type iron oxide, comprising a paint containing 5 to 50% by mass of FeAl 2 O 4 based on the solid content of the paint. 請求項2記載の塗料を鋼材表面に塗膜厚さ5〜50μmで塗布した表面処理鋼材。A surface-treated steel material obtained by applying the paint according to claim 2 to a steel material surface with a coating thickness of 5 to 50 µm. 前記鋼材が、質量%でAl:0.01〜3.0 %を含有することを特徴とする請求項3記載の表面処理鋼材。The surface-treated steel material according to claim 3, wherein the steel material contains Al: 0.01 to 3.0% by mass%.
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