JP4183415B2

JP4183415B2 - Water purification equipment

Info

Publication number: JP4183415B2
Application number: JP2001398467A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 和重田沼; 亨成川
Original assignee: 和重田沼; 田沼純子
Priority date: 2001-12-27
Filing date: 2001-12-27
Publication date: 2008-11-19
Anticipated expiration: 2021-12-27
Also published as: JP2003190989A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、本発明は風呂水、プール水等の貯留水を効率的に処理する浄化装置に関する
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来風呂水、プール水等に関しては塩素を主体とした殺菌装置が主流で対処してきたが、近年この水の浄化、殺菌に循環方式の装置が提供されている。
この装置は、紫外線とフィルタの組合せや、オゾンの単体での装置であって、主として一般細菌、大腸菌の殺菌を目的としたものでが種々提案されている。
即ち、風呂水の例で述べると、高齢化社会に移行しつつある現在において、２４時間風呂の要請が大きく、浴槽内の温水を循環させて使用する水の複合的浄化装置が必要不可欠でありる。そして、この２４時間風呂に於いて問題となるのが浴槽内の温水内に残存する、湯垢、体のあか、抜け毛等のゴミ、レジオネラ菌、ブドウ球菌等の細菌類の除去が問題となる。
例えば、レジオネラ属菌類でいえば、太さ０．３〜０．９、長さ２〜２０μｍの大きさがあり、これの細菌をも含めて除去する細かい目のフィルターを用いると、すぐに目詰まりを起こしてしまう。そこで、一般的には大きなゴミ等は、粗めのフィルターで除去した後、細菌類は、塩素、金属イオンその他の薬品による殺菌手段、紫外線、オゾン等の各種殺菌手段で殺菌する方法が用いられている。
更に、風呂水の浄化に際して風呂水内に屎尿等の有機物が入っている場合があり、単純に上記フィルタを組み合わせるだけでは不十分である。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の処理装置では一般細菌や大腸菌の殺菌、除去は可能であったがレジオネラ菌殺菌、除去および有機物の分解処理は対応できなかった。
今回レジオネラ菌の生態を研究、分析しレジオネラ親菌と子菌の殺菌除去、又処理水中に含有される屎尿等から発生するアンモニア等の有機物の分解処理を各段階に処理することを目的とした装置をシステムとして構成することでコンパクトで効率的、かつ性能の良い装置を開発し菌類の殺菌、除去・有機物の分解、除去を可能とする装置を開発することにある。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に係る請求項１記載の発明は、処理水を処理部に引き込むポンプと、浮遊物及び比較的大きな一般細菌や大腸菌を捕集する微細フィルタ等よりなる除去微細濾過器と、小さな一般細菌類の殺菌及び処理水内に有する有機物を紫外線及びオゾンで分解する光触媒殺菌分解器と、処理水内部に残留する空気及びオゾン、その他残留気体を除去する気泡除去装置と、気泡除去装置に続けて残留有機物を２次分解する活性炭素触媒・分解除去器と、浮遊微細菌死骸除去器とよりなり、前記除去微細濾過器、光触媒殺菌分解器、気泡除去装置、気泡除去装置、活性炭素触媒・分解除去器を直列に配置すると共に、光触媒殺菌分解器以降の適宜位置に浮遊微細菌死骸除去器を配置し、水中の一般最近、大腸菌、レジオネラ菌等の細菌類の殺菌、除去又屎尿等の有機物を分解、除去することで浴槽水やプール水等を浄化することを特徴とする装置することを特徴とする。
【０００５】
本発明に係る請求項１記載の発明では、微細フィルタ等の除去微細濾過器を設けることで、細菌類のうち特に浴槽等で問題となる、レジオネラ菌の生態を研究、分析し、その特性のうち親菌は菌自身殻に入っており、さらに、かび、藻、原生動植物等の体内に寄生、共生、増殖することより、通常の塩素投入や紫外線放射による殺菌方法では効果が期待できないので、これらの原生動植物と一緒に濾過、除去を行うものである。
又除去微細濾過器に続けて設けている光触媒殺菌分解器により、レジオネラ子菌及び他のバクテリア、ウイルス等を殺菌する。
更に、光触媒殺菌分解器では、光触媒と紫外線の作用により、処理水がオゾンとＯＨラジカル反応により、汗、屎尿等の有機物を酸化分解させ、その主成分を炭酸ガスと水に戻すように作用する。
又、光触媒殺菌分解器に続いて気泡除去装置を設け、オゾンの除去を図っている。これは光触媒殺菌分解器をでたオゾン等を多数含んでいるため、オゾン気泡が次の残留有機物を２次分解する活性炭素触媒・分解除去器の活性炭フィルターに入るまえにこれを除去することが、分解効率の向上、及び処理水の濁度処理、臭気の除去等に効率向上が図る事が出来る。
更に、浮遊微細菌死骸除去器内に処理水を通すことにより、光触媒殺菌分解器により死滅した細菌の殆どを捕集することが出来、よりきれいな処理水を得るように作用する。
【０００６】
本発明に係る請求項２記載の発明は、前記微細フィルタに代替えもしくは追加して逆浸透膜を用いることを特徴とする。
この発明によれば逆浸透膜を追加又は代替えして使用することで本来の目的であるレジオネラ菌は勿論残留塩素イオン、硝酸イオン等の除去も達成することが出来、後段に設けている活性炭素触媒・分解除去器の負担を軽減することが出来る。
【０００７】
本発明に係る請求項３記載の発明は、光触媒殺菌分解器として、多孔質セラミックボールに酸化チタンを含浸させ、これを焼成させて製造した酸化チタンセラミックボールを用い、この酸化チタンセラミックボールをブラックライトの紫外線で照射する光触媒充填塔を使用することを特徴とする構成としても良い。
ここで、酸化チタンの光触媒充填塔を使用することにより、簡易の構成の装置で有機物の分解等を行う事が出来る。
更に請求項４記載の発明は、気泡除去装置として、大気に開放部を有し、配管内の流量に比べ大幅に流速を落とした気泡除去部を設けることを特徴とするもので、処理水の流速を落とすことで残留オゾン等の気泡を除去するように作用する。
【０００８】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面に基づいて、本発明を説明する。
図１、本発明に係る水の複合的浄化装置概略構成図、図２は、処理水の流れを示す説明図、図３は、フィルターを掃除するときの逆洗時の処理水の流れを示す説明図である。
本発明水の複合的浄化装置の概略は、被処理水を貯留している浴槽１から、配管２を介しポンプ３により、浮遊物濾過器４と、除去微細濾過器５と、光触媒殺菌分解器６と、気泡除去装置７と、活性炭素触媒・分解除去器８と、浮遊微細菌死骸除去器９とよりなる。
【０００９】
（浮遊物濾過器４）
浮遊物除去装置４は、人の髪の毛、脂質、皮膚、砂、葉っぱ等の比較的大きなゴミを浮遊物濾過し除去するもので、例えばこの浮遊物濾過器４は、容器内に１００メッシュ程度の網を設けた構成で十分である。
【００１０】
（微細濾過器５）
微細濾過器５は、前段フィルター５１と、後段フィルター５２の２段階の微細濾過器よりなる。
前段フィルター５１は、例えば４０μの微細焼結金属網を使用しフィルターをいれたタンク槽よりなり、例えば昆虫の卵等を除去することを目的として設けている。そして、後段フィルター５２は、例えば３μ精密焼結金属不織体をフィルターとして使用したタンク槽よりなる。そして、この後段フィルター５２の３μフィルターでかび、藻、原生動植物の体内に寄生・共生・増殖するというレジオネラ親菌の特性に着目し、かび、藻、原生動植物と一緒にレジオネラ親菌類を濾過、除去する。
微細フィルタ等の除去微細濾過器を設けることで、細菌類のうち特に浴槽等で問題となる、レジオネラ菌の生態を研究、分析し、その特性のうち親菌は菌自身殻に入っており、さらに、かび、藻、原生動植物等の体内に寄生、共生、増殖することより、これらの原生動植物と一緒に濾過、除去を行うものである。
このようにして、大きな細菌は、この微細濾過器５で捕集が可能である。
なお、上記微細フィルタに替え、もしくは追加して逆浸透膜を用いても良い。この逆浸透膜は、一般的に使用されているものを用い、図示はしないが浸透圧以上の圧力をかけて、溶媒のみを移動させ、細菌等を除くものである。
【００１１】
（光触媒殺菌分解器６）
次に、前記微細濾過器５を出た、処理水の中には、レジオネラ子菌等の細菌、及び汗、屎尿等の有機物が含まれている。これら細菌の殺菌、及び有機物の分解を目的として、光触媒殺菌分解器６を設けている。
光触媒殺菌分解器６の構成は、例えば図４に示す如く、透光性のある内管６０と外管６１の２重管構造として、内管６０内に少なくとも１８４．９ｎｍと、２５３．７ｎｍの二つの波長を有する紫外線ランプ６２を設けている。そして、内管６０内に空気を導入し、１８４．９ｎｍの波長で、ポンプ６３で導入した空気の酸素をオゾンに変化させ、オゾンを含有した空気を、逆止弁６４等を介し、外管６１の下部から気泡化して吐出し、外管６１内に導入している処理水中の細菌をオゾンで殺菌する。
また、前記２５３．７ｎｍの波長の紫外線は、内管６０が透光性を有することより、外管６１内に照射し、この波長で、処理水内の細菌を殺菌し、さらに有機物を分解する。
このように、光触媒殺菌分解器６を使用することで、効率的に、レジオネラ子菌及び他のバクテリア、ウイルス等をオゾンで殺菌し、また、光触媒と紫外線の作用により、処理水がオゾンとＯＨラジカル反応により、汗、屎尿等の有機物を酸化分解させ、その主成分を炭酸ガスと水に戻すものである。
【００１２】
図５は、光触媒殺菌分解器６の他の実施の形態である。
この実施例では、特にアンモニア等の有機物を効率的に、分解できるもので、その構成は、多孔質セラミックボールに酸化チタンを含浸させ、これを焼成させて製造した酸化チタンセラミックボールを用い、この酸化チタンセラミックボールをブラックライトの紫外線で照射する構成である。
この照射では、紫外線と酸化チタン光触媒により、アンモニアを分解するものである。
この多孔質セラッミクボールを用いる実施例は、比較的安価に光触媒殺菌分解器６を製作することが出来る。
【００１３】
（気泡除去装置７）
気泡除去装置７は、前記光触媒殺菌分解器６で処理した処理水内には、大量のオゾン、及び分解した二酸化炭素等が多数含まれている。従って、これをそのまま、浴槽、プール等に戻すことは、泡が大量に発生する可能性があり、処理水の透明度を損ねる。また、高酸素状態と健康上好ましくない。
そこで、前記光触媒殺菌分解器６に続いて気泡除去装置を設け、オゾン及び処理水内の、空気の気泡及び二酸化炭素等の除去を図っている。
具体的構成を図６に示す。図に於いて、気泡除去装置は、処理水を流す配管に比べ断面積を大幅に増加させた気泡除去部７０を設ける構成である。そして、この断面積を大幅に広げた部分から直接的に或いは空気溜まり７１、開放弁７２を介し、大気に開放している。
断面積を大幅に増加させる構成としては、例えば、図６（ａ）に示す如く、単純に漸次断面積を増加させる構成の他、図６（ｂ）に示す如く、配管に比べ、大幅に、大きな容積を有する容体に配管を取り付ける構成であっても良い。
この気泡を除去は、図７に示す如く、管内を流れる処理量と口径の関係に示すように、例えば口径５０Ａの場合、オゾンの処理量は１ｍ^３／Ｈｒ程度であるが、口径１２５Ａの場合は、処理量は５ｍ^３／Ｈｒ程度に増加する。
本発明の場合には、配管は２５Ａ、若しくは３２Ａを用いて、５ｍ^３／Ｈｒ程度の処理を行うことより、気泡除去部７０の大きさを例えば筒状のもので形成する場合には、１２５Ａ程度の大きさ以上必要である。
【００１４】
なお、気泡除去のメカニズムは、気泡除去装置７の気泡除去部７０で断面積を増加させることにより、相対的に管内の流速が落ち、気泡除去部７０内での処理量が単位時間当たり増加し、処理水内部に存する空気、オゾンの気泡が浮力等で上昇し処理水内から除去するものと考えられる。
この場合、気泡除去装置７への処理水導入部及び排出口の位置は、処理水が気泡除去装置７内で滞留することなく、排出口に引き込まれない位置に設定する。従って、排出口を設ける位置を導入口より下方に位置に設けることも出来る。
気泡除去装置７の留まっている時間は、少なくとも０．１〜０．５秒程度以上が好ましい。これは、前段の光触媒殺菌分解器６において、処理水に空気＋オゾンの気泡が投入されることより、処理水内に存在する気体が一様でなくの、流れる処理水は脈流となる場合が多い。この為、多少の流速を落とした程度では、気泡の除去とはならず、少なくとも半分以下の流速となることが必要である。
また、気泡除去装置７を設ける位置は、ポンプの設定水圧により異なるが、水平位置の比較的高い位置に設けることが好ましい。
これは、低い位置に気泡除去装置７を設けると、管内の水圧がポンプ圧に加えて、高さ位置の水圧がかかり、気泡の除去が少なくなるからである。
【００１５】
（活性炭素触媒・分解除去器８）
活性炭素触媒・分解除去器８は、容体内部に活性炭を内部に封入する構成である。通常の単なる活性炭フィルターとは異なり、光触媒分解器で処理された溶存オゾンを含む残留有機物溶解水から有機物を分解し、窒素と炭酸ガスに戻す事を目的とする。
この活性炭素触媒・分解除去器８の、活性炭を触媒とした酸素ラジカル反応で、残留有機物等を第２次分解するものである。
さらに、この活性炭は、臭気、色度、残留塩素（トリハロメタンの原因となる）等を濾過・吸着・除去し、より透明で清潔な、処理水を作ることが出来る。
なお、活性炭素触媒・分解除去器８は、前記気泡除去装置７の後ろに設けている。これは、気泡除去装置７の前に設置すると、残留している処理水内部のオゾン気泡が、活性炭の表面に付着してしまい活性炭の表面積が減少してしまう、このことは有機物等を第２次分解処理上好ましくないからである。
【００１６】
（浮遊微細菌死骸除去器９）
浮遊微細菌死骸除去器９は、前記光触媒殺菌分解器６の適宜位置に設置し、浮遊する微細菌の死骸を除去するもので、その構成は、内部に有する超微細フィルターで、０．８μまでの機械的に濾過を行うと共に、電荷の吸着作用を併用し最終的に残留した０．８よりも微細な浮遊物等を排除し、湯水中に浮遊しているバクテリア等の死骸、微細粒子等はマイナス電位の為プラス電位を耐電させた超微細フィルター濾材により、これらを吸着させる。
【００１７】
次に本発明の処理水の流れを説明する。
浄化運転時の処理水の流れは、図２太線に示す如く、浴槽１より引き出され、浮遊物濾過器４で髪の毛等大きなゴミを除去した処理水は、ポンプ３により加圧され、流量計１１を経て、逆止弁２０、三方弁３１を介し、４０μの前段フィルター５１と、３μ後段フィルター５２を直列に設けているミクロン除去微細濾過器５を通過させ、レジオネラ親菌等大きな細菌等を除去する。
次いで処理水は三方弁３２を介し、光触媒殺菌分解器６に送られ、光触媒殺菌分解器６では、オゾン及び紫外線による殺菌並びに有機物の分解が行われる。
次いで、光触媒殺菌分解器６から出た処理水は、気泡除去装置７に送られ気泡を除去する。この時、処理水から分離した気体は、ベント弁２１より大気に放出される。次に気泡除去装置７を出た処理水は、活性炭素触媒・分解除去器８で、再度残留有機物の除去が行われ、三方弁３３を介し、浮遊微細菌死骸除去器９で、最終的に微細菌死骸等微細な浮遊物が行われ、清浄な処理水となり、三方弁３４を経て、浴槽１に処理水を戻す。以下これを繰り返し浄化処理を行う。
【００１８】
次に、本発明は上述のように処理水を処理するが、継続的に実施すれば、フィルターの目詰まりが生じる。ここで、１日一回フィルターの部分を逆洗処理をする。この時の処理水の流れを図３太線に示す。
この逆洗処理を行う場合には、通常十分に清浄化した処理水を用いる。即ち、清浄化前ではかえって、フィルター等を汚してしまうからである。従って、この逆洗処理は、例えば浄化処理を２４時間以上行った後の早朝等適宜時間に行う。
逆洗処理の処理水は、浴槽１より引き出され、浮遊物濾過器４を経て、ポンプ３により加圧され、流量計１１を経て、逆止弁２２、三方弁３１、３４を介し、浮遊微細菌死骸除去器９、三方弁３３を介し、活性炭素・分解除去器８，気泡除去装置７、光触媒殺菌分解器６、三方弁３２、後段フィルター５２と、前段フィルター５１、三方弁３１、逆止弁２２、２３を介し外部に排出し、浮遊微細菌死骸除去器９、後段フィルター５２、前段フィルター５１内に捕捉した、レジオネラ菌等を外部に排出すると同時に、活性炭素・分解除去器８，気泡除去装置７、光触媒殺菌分解器６の洗浄も同時に行う。このように逆洗処理を行うことによって、半年以上各部のフィルターの目詰まりを防止することが出来た。
【００１９】
（実施例）
上述の図１の構成で、２００リットルの浴槽に、有機物としてのシュウ酸ナトリウム、及び次亜塩素酸ソーダ、細菌類として一般細菌、大腸菌群を添加して混入し、１ｍ^３／Ｈｒで処理水浄化運転を行った。
浴槽内の処理水の状態を下表に示す。
【表１】

なお、上述実施例では、特にレジオネラ菌を用いての実験をしていないが、レジオネラ菌は、大腸菌と同じグラム陰性桿菌であることより、大腸菌で代用した。また、有機物は、過マンガン消費量で測定している。
この表からもわかるように、運転開始１時間後には、細菌の除去、有機物何れも、飲料水の基準以下に達していることが判る。また、濁度が大幅に改善されて、おり、使用者の爽快感を与える透明感がある。
【００２０】
【発明の効果】
本発明の請求項１記載の発明では、微細フィルタ等の除去微細濾過器を設けることで、細菌類のうち特に浴槽等で問題となる、レジオネラ菌の生態を研、分析し、その特性のうち親菌は菌自身殻に入っており、さらに、かび、藻、原生動植物等の体内に、寄生、共生、増殖することより、通常の塩素投入や紫外線放射による殺菌方法では効果が期待できないので、これらの原生動植物と一緒に効率的に濾過、除去を行うことが出来、又除去微細濾過器に続けて設けている光触媒細菌分解器により、レジオネラ子菌及び他のバクテリア、ウイルス等を殺菌することが出来、安全に使用することが出来る。また、光触媒細菌分解器、及び活性炭素触媒・分解除去器を用い、汗、ふん尿等の有機物を酸化分解させ、その主成分を炭酸ガスと水に戻す為、２４時間風呂等に用いると更に、効率的である。また、紫外線、オゾンを用いて処理する過程に於いて、処理水の温度低下は５℃程度である。従って、従来の風呂設備に本発明の装置を付加して使用し、使用した湯を補充する運転が出来る為、大がかりな浴室等の改修が必要ない。
又、気泡除去装置、浮遊微細菌死骸除去器によって、処理水の清浄化とオゾンの除去が行われ、透明感のある安全な処理水を得ることが出来る。
【００２１】
請求項２記載の発明により、逆浸透膜を追加又は代替えして使用することで本来の目的であるレジオネラ菌は勿論残留塩素イオン、硝酸イオン等の除去も達成することが出来、後段に設けている活性炭素触媒・分解除去器の負担を軽減することが出来る効果を有する。
更に請求項３記載の発明で光り触媒殺菌分解器として、酸化チタンの光触媒充填等を使用することにより、簡易の構成の装置で有機物の分解等を行うことが出来る。
更に請求項４記載の発明は、気泡除去装置を設けることにより、処理水ないのオゾン浮遊気体を除去し、安全で透明度の高い処理水を得ることが出来る。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る水の複合的浄化装置概略構成図である。
【図２】本発明の浄化運転時の処理水の流れ説明図である。
【図３】本発明の逆洗処理時の処理水の流れ説明図である。
【図４】本発明に使用する光触媒殺菌分解器の説明図である。
【図５】本発明に使用する光触媒殺菌分解器の他の実施例を示す説明図である。
【図６】本発明に使用する気泡除去装置の実施例を示す説明図である。
【図７】オゾン除去に際し、口称径と処理量の関係を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１浴槽
１１流量計
２配管
２０、２２逆止弁
２１ベント弁
３ポンプ
３１、３２、３３三方弁
４浮遊物濾過器
５微細濾過器
５１前段フィルター
５２後段フィルター
６光触媒殺菌分解器
６０内管
６１外管
６２紫外線ランプ
６３ポンプ
６４逆止弁
７気泡除去装置
８活性炭素・分解除去器
９浮遊微細菌死骸除去器[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a purification apparatus for efficiently treating stored water such as bath water and pool water.
[Prior art]
Conventionally, sterilizers mainly composed of chlorine have been dealt with mainly for bath water, pool water, and the like, but in recent years, circulation-type devices have been provided for purification and sterilization of this water.
This device is a combination of ultraviolet rays and filters, or a single ozone device, and various devices have been proposed mainly for the purpose of sterilizing general bacteria and E. coli.
In other words, as an example of bath water, there is a great demand for a 24-hour bath at the present when it is shifting to an aging society, and a complex water purification device that circulates hot water in the bathtub is indispensable. The The problem in this 24-hour bath is the removal of dirt such as scale, body scum, hair loss, bacteria such as Legionella and staphylococci remaining in the hot water in the bathtub.
For example, Legionella spp. Have a thickness of 0.3 to 0.9 and a length of 2 to 20 μm. When a fine eye filter that removes these bacteria is used, It will cause clogging. Therefore, generally, after removing large dust with a coarse filter, bacteria are sterilized by various sterilization means such as chlorine, metal ions and other chemicals, ultraviolet light, ozone and the like. ing.
Further, when bath water is purified, organic matter such as manure may be contained in the bath water, and it is not sufficient to simply combine the above filters.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional treatment apparatus can sterilize and remove general bacteria and Escherichia coli, but cannot deal with Legionella sterilization and removal and organic matter decomposition treatment.
The purpose of this study is to study and analyze the ecology of Legionella and to disinfect and remove Legionella parental bacteria and germs, and to decompose organic substances such as ammonia generated from manure contained in the treated water at each stage. The object is to develop a compact, efficient, and high-performance device by configuring the device as a system, and to develop a device capable of sterilizing, removing fungi, and decomposing and removing organic matter.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention described in claim 1 according to the present invention includes a pump that draws treated water into the treatment section, a removal microfilter that includes a fine filter that collects suspended matter and relatively large general bacteria and E. coli, and small general bacteria. Sterilization and decomposition of organic substances in treated water with ultraviolet and ozone, followed by bubble removal device for removing air, ozone and other residual gas remaining in treated water, and bubble removal device It consists of activated carbon catalyst / decomposition remover for secondary decomposition of residual organic matter and floating microbe carcass remover. The removal microfilter, photocatalytic sterilization decomposer, bubble removal device, bubble removal device, activated carbon catalyst / decomposition In addition to arranging removers in series, a floating microbe dead body remover is placed at an appropriate position after the photocatalytic sterilization decomposer to disinfect and remove bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Legionella. Decompose organic matter such as sewage, characterized by apparatus characterized by purifying bath water, pool water or the like by removing.
[0005]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, by providing a removal microfilter such as a microfilter, the ecology of Legionella, which is a problem in bacteria, particularly in a bathtub, is studied and analyzed. Among them, the parent fungus is in the shell of the fungus itself, and furthermore, since it is parasitic, symbiotic, and proliferating in the body of fungi, algae, protozoa, etc., the effect of sterilization by normal chlorine input or ultraviolet radiation cannot be expected, It is filtered and removed together with these native plants and animals.
Further, Legionella bacterium and other bacteria, viruses and the like are sterilized by a photocatalytic sterilization decomposer provided after the removal microfilter.
Furthermore, in the photocatalytic sterilization decomposer, the treated water acts to oxidize and decompose organic substances such as sweat and manure by ozone and OH radical reaction by the action of the photocatalyst and ultraviolet rays, and return the main components to carbon dioxide gas and water. .
In addition, a bubble removing device is provided following the photocatalytic sterilization decomposer to remove ozone. This contains a lot of ozone, etc. from the photocatalytic sterilization decomposer, so it can be removed before the ozone bubbles enter the activated carbon filter of the activated carbon catalyst / decomposition remover that decomposes the next residual organic matter secondarily. It is possible to improve the efficiency of decomposition, turbidity treatment of treated water, removal of odors, and the like.
Furthermore, most of the bacteria killed by the photocatalytic sterilization / decomposer can be collected by passing the treated water through the floating micro-bacterial dead body remover, and it acts to obtain cleaner treated water.
[0006]
The invention described in claim 2 according to the present invention is characterized in that a reverse osmosis membrane is used instead of or in addition to the fine filter.
According to this invention, by using a reverse osmosis membrane in addition to or in place of it, it is possible to achieve removal of residual chlorine ions, nitrate ions, etc. as well as Legionella bacteria, which is the original purpose. The burden on the catalyst / decomposing / removing device can be reduced.
[0007]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, a titanium oxide ceramic ball produced by impregnating a porous ceramic ball with titanium oxide and firing it is used as a photocatalytic sterilization decomposer. It is good also as a structure characterized by using the photocatalyst packed tower irradiated with the ultraviolet-ray of a light.
Here, by using a photocatalyst packed tower of titanium oxide, it is possible to decompose organic substances and the like with an apparatus having a simple configuration.
Furthermore, the invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that, as the bubble removing device, there is provided an air bubble removing portion having an open portion in the atmosphere and having a greatly reduced flow velocity compared to the flow rate in the pipe. It acts to remove bubbles such as residual ozone by reducing the flow rate.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a combined water purification apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the flow of treated water, and FIG. 3 shows the flow of treated water during backwashing when cleaning a filter. It is explanatory drawing.
The outline of the composite water purification apparatus of the present invention is as follows: from a bathtub 1 storing treated water, a pump 3 via a pipe 2, a suspended matter filter 4, a removal fine filter 5, and a photocatalyst sterilization decomposer. 6, a bubble removing device 7, an activated carbon catalyst / decomposing / removing device 8, and a floating microbe carcass removing device 9.
[0009]
(Float filter 4)
The floating substance removing device 4 is for removing relatively large garbage such as human hair, lipids, skin, sand, leaves, etc. by filtering the floating substances. For example, the floating substance filter 4 is about 100 mesh in a container. A configuration with a net is sufficient.
[0010]
(Fine filter 5)
The microfilter 5 includes a two-stage microfilter including a front-stage filter 51 and a rear-stage filter 52.
The front-stage filter 51 is composed of a tank tank containing a filter using, for example, a 40 μm fine sintered metal net, and is provided for the purpose of removing insect eggs, for example. And the latter stage filter 52 consists of a tank tank which used the 3 micro precision sintered metal nonwoven fabric as a filter, for example. Focusing on the characteristics of Legionella parental fungus that is parasitic, symbiotic, and proliferating in the body of algae and protozoan animals and plants with the 3μ filter of this latter stage filter 52, the Legionella parental fungi are filtered along with the mold, algae and protozoan animals and plants, Remove.
By installing a removal microfilter such as a fine filter, the ecology of Legionella, which is a problem in bacteria, especially in the bathtub, is studied and analyzed. Among its characteristics, the parent is in the shell itself, Furthermore, it is filtered and removed together with these native plants and animals by parasitism, symbiosis, and multiplication in the body of fungi, algae, and native plants and animals.
In this way, large bacteria can be collected by the microfilter 5.
A reverse osmosis membrane may be used instead of or in addition to the fine filter. This reverse osmosis membrane uses what is generally used, and although not shown in figure, applies a pressure more than an osmotic pressure, moves only a solvent, and removes bacteria etc.
[0011]
(Photocatalytic sterilizer 6)
Next, the treated water exiting the fine filter 5 contains bacteria such as Legionella bacteria and organic substances such as sweat and urine. For the purpose of sterilizing these bacteria and decomposing organic substances, a photocatalyst sterilizer 6 is provided.
For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the photocatalytic sterilization / decomposition unit 6 has a double tube structure of a translucent inner tube 60 and an outer tube 61, and has an inner tube 60 of at least 184.9 nm and 253.7 nm. An ultraviolet lamp 62 having two wavelengths is provided. Then, air is introduced into the inner pipe 60, the oxygen of the air introduced by the pump 63 is changed to ozone at a wavelength of 184.9 nm, and the ozone-containing air is passed through the check valve 64 and the like to the outer pipe. Bubbling is discharged from the lower part of 61, and bacteria in the treated water introduced into the outer tube 61 are sterilized with ozone.
Further, the ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 253.7 nm is irradiated into the outer tube 61 because the inner tube 60 has translucency, and at this wavelength, bacteria in the treated water are sterilized and further organic substances are decomposed. .
As described above, by using the photocatalyst sterilization / decomposition device 6, the Legionella bacterium and other bacteria, viruses and the like are efficiently sterilized with ozone, and the treated water is converted into ozone and OH by the action of the photocatalyst and ultraviolet rays. By radical reaction, organic substances such as sweat and manure are oxidatively decomposed and their main components are returned to carbon dioxide and water.
[0012]
FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the photocatalytic sterilization decomposer 6.
In this embodiment, particularly organic substances such as ammonia can be efficiently decomposed, and the structure is obtained by using a titanium oxide ceramic ball produced by impregnating a porous ceramic ball with titanium oxide and firing it. In this configuration, the titanium oxide ceramic balls are irradiated with black light ultraviolet rays.
In this irradiation, ammonia is decomposed by ultraviolet rays and a titanium oxide photocatalyst.
In the embodiment using the porous ceramic balls, the photocatalytic sterilization / decomposition device 6 can be manufactured at a relatively low cost.
[0013]
(Bubble removal device 7)
In the bubble removal device 7, the treated water treated by the photocatalytic sterilization decomposer 6 contains a large amount of ozone, a large number of decomposed carbon dioxide, and the like. Therefore, returning this to a bathtub, a pool, or the like as it is may cause a large amount of bubbles and impair the transparency of the treated water. Moreover, it is not preferable for high oxygen state and health.
Therefore, a bubble removing device is provided subsequent to the photocatalyst sterilizing and decomposing device 6 to remove air bubbles, carbon dioxide and the like in ozone and treated water.
A specific configuration is shown in FIG. In the figure, the bubble removing device has a configuration in which a bubble removing unit 70 having a substantially increased cross-sectional area as compared with a pipe through which treated water flows is provided. And it is open | released to air | atmosphere directly or through the air reservoir 71 and the release valve 72 from the part which expanded this cross-sectional area significantly.
As a configuration for greatly increasing the cross-sectional area, for example, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), in addition to a configuration for simply gradually increasing the cross-sectional area, as shown in FIG. The structure which attaches piping to the container which has a big volume may be sufficient.
As shown in FIG. 7, for example, in the case of a caliber of 50 A, the amount of ozone treatment is about 1 m ³ / Hr as shown in FIG. Increases the throughput to about 5 m ³ / Hr.
In the case of the present invention, the pipe is 25A or 32A, and processing of about 5 m ³ / Hr is performed. More than about the size is necessary.
[0014]
Note that the bubble removal mechanism increases the cross-sectional area at the bubble removal unit 70 of the bubble removal device 7, so that the flow velocity in the tube is relatively lowered and the processing amount in the bubble removal unit 70 increases per unit time. It is considered that air and ozone bubbles existing inside the treated water rise due to buoyancy or the like and are removed from the treated water.
In this case, the position of the treated water introduction part and the discharge port to the bubble removing device 7 is set to a position where the treated water does not stay in the bubble removing device 7 and is not drawn into the discharge port. Therefore, the position where the discharge port is provided can be provided at a position below the introduction port.
The time during which the bubble removing device 7 stays is preferably at least about 0.1 to 0.5 seconds or longer. This is because, in the upstream photocatalyst sterilization / decomposer 6, when the air + ozone bubbles are introduced into the treated water, the gas present in the treated water is not uniform, and the treated water that is flowing becomes a pulsating flow. There are many. For this reason, if the flow rate is somewhat reduced, bubbles are not removed, but it is necessary that the flow rate be at least half or less.
The position where the bubble removing device 7 is provided varies depending on the set water pressure of the pump, but is preferably provided at a relatively high horizontal position.
This is because if the bubble removing device 7 is provided at a low position, the water pressure in the pipe is added to the pump pressure, and the water pressure at the height position is applied, so that the removal of bubbles is reduced.
[0015]
(Activated carbon catalyst / decomposition remover 8)
The activated carbon catalyst / decomposition remover 8 is configured to enclose activated carbon inside the container. Unlike ordinary activated carbon filters, the purpose is to decompose organic matter from residual organic matter dissolved water containing dissolved ozone treated with a photocatalytic decomposer and return it to nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
Residual organic substances and the like are secondarily decomposed by an oxygen radical reaction using activated carbon as a catalyst in the activated carbon catalyst / decomposition remover 8.
Furthermore, this activated carbon can filter, adsorb and remove odor, chromaticity, residual chlorine (which causes trihalomethane), etc., and can make treated water more transparent and clean.
The activated carbon catalyst / decomposition remover 8 is provided behind the bubble removing device 7. If this is installed in front of the bubble removing device 7, the remaining ozone bubbles inside the treated water will adhere to the surface of the activated carbon, reducing the surface area of the activated carbon. This is because it is not preferable in the subsequent decomposition treatment.
[0016]
(Floating micro-bacteria dead body remover 9)
The floating microbial dead body remover 9 is installed at an appropriate position of the photocatalytic sterilization / decomposing unit 6 to remove floating bacterial dead bodies, and its configuration is an ultra-fine filter inside, up to 0.8 μm. In addition to the mechanical filtration of the particles, the adsorbing action of the charge is used in combination to eliminate the remaining suspended matter finer than 0.8, and the dead bodies such as bacteria floating in the hot water, fine particles, etc. Is adsorbed by an ultrafine filter medium with a positive potential that has a negative potential.
[0017]
Next, the flow of the treated water of this invention is demonstrated.
The flow of the treated water during the purification operation is drawn from the bathtub 1 as shown by the thick line in FIG. 2, and the treated water from which large debris such as hair has been removed by the suspended matter filter 4 is pressurized by the pump 3, and the flow meter 11 After passing through the check valve 20 and the three-way valve 31, it passes through a micron removal microfilter 5 in which a 40μ front filter 51 and a 3μ rear filter 52 are provided in series to remove large bacteria such as Legionella parent. To do.
Next, the treated water is sent to the photocatalyst sterilization decomposer 6 through the three-way valve 32, and the photocatalyst sterilization decomposer 6 performs sterilization by ozone and ultraviolet rays and decomposition of organic substances.
Next, the treated water discharged from the photocatalytic sterilization decomposer 6 is sent to the bubble removing device 7 to remove the bubbles. At this time, the gas separated from the treated water is released from the vent valve 21 to the atmosphere. Next, the treated water exiting the bubble removing device 7 is subjected to removal of residual organic matter again by the activated carbon catalyst / decomposition remover 8, and finally, through the three-way valve 33, finally, the suspended microbacterial dead body remover 9. Fine suspended matter such as dead microcarcasses is formed, resulting in clean treated water, and the treated water is returned to the bathtub 1 through the three-way valve 34. Thereafter, the purification process is repeated.
[0018]
Next, the present invention treats treated water as described above. However, when continuously carried out, the filter is clogged. Here, the filter part is backwashed once a day. The flow of the treated water at this time is shown by a thick line in FIG.
In the case of performing this backwashing treatment, treated water that has been sufficiently cleaned is usually used. That is, before cleaning, the filter or the like is soiled. Therefore, this backwash process is performed at an appropriate time such as early morning after the purification process is performed for 24 hours or more.
The treated water of the backwash process is drawn from the bathtub 1, is pressurized by the pump 3 through the float filter 4, passes through the flow meter 11, passes through the check valve 22 and the three-

way valves

31, 34, and floats finely. Activated carbon / decomposing and removing device 8, bubble removing device 7, photocatalytic sterilizing and decomposing device 6, three-way valve 32, rear-stage filter 52, front-stage filter 51, three-way valve 31, and non-return through bacteria dead body remover 9 and three-way valve 33 At the same time as discharging Legionella bacteria, which are discharged to the outside through the

valves

22 and 23 and trapped in the floating microbe dead body remover 9, the rear filter 52, and the front filter 51, the activated carbon / decomposition remover 8 and bubbles The removal device 7 and the photocatalyst sterilization / decomposer 6 are also cleaned at the same time. By performing the backwash process in this way, it was possible to prevent clogging of the filters in each part for more than half a year.
[0019]
(Example)
In the configuration of FIG. 1 described above, sodium oxalate and sodium hypochlorite as organic substances and general bacteria and coliform bacteria as bacteria are added and mixed in a 200 liter bath, and treated water at 1 m ³ / Hr. Purification operation was performed.
The state of treated water in the bathtub is shown in the table below.
[Table 1]

In the above-mentioned Examples, no experiments were conducted using Legionella, but Legionella was replaced with Escherichia coli because it is the same Gram-negative bacillus as Escherichia coli. Organic substances are measured by permanganese consumption.
As can be seen from this table, one hour after the start of operation, it can be seen that both bacteria removal and organic matter have reached the standard for drinking water. Moreover, the turbidity is greatly improved, and there is a transparency that gives the user a refreshing feeling.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
In the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention, by providing a removal microfilter such as a microfilter, the ecology of Legionella, which is a problem particularly in the bathtub among bacteria, is analyzed and analyzed. The fungus itself is contained in the shell, and since it is parasitic, symbiotic, and proliferating in the body of fungi, algae, protozoa, etc., the effect of sterilization by normal chlorine input or ultraviolet radiation cannot be expected, It is possible to efficiently filter and remove these native plants and animals, and to sterilize Legionella spp. And other bacteria and viruses with a photocatalytic bacterial decomposer provided after the removal microfilter. Can be used safely. In addition, when photocatalytic bacteria decomposer and activated carbon catalyst / decomposition remover are used to oxidize and decompose organic matter such as sweat and manure and return the main components to carbon dioxide gas and water, when used in a bath for 24 hours, etc. Efficient. Moreover, in the process using ultraviolet rays and ozone, the temperature drop of the treated water is about 5 ° C. Accordingly, since the apparatus of the present invention is used by adding the apparatus of the present invention to a conventional bath facility and the used hot water can be replenished, it is not necessary to renovate a large bathroom or the like.
Also, the treated water is purified and ozone is removed by the bubble removing device and the floating microbe dead body remover, so that transparent treated water can be obtained.
[0021]
According to the invention of claim 2, by using a reverse osmosis membrane added or substituted, it is possible to achieve removal of residual chlorine ions, nitrate ions, etc. as well as Legionella bacteria, which is the original purpose, This has the effect of reducing the burden on the activated carbon catalyst / decomposing and removing unit.
Furthermore, by using the photocatalyst filling of titanium oxide or the like as the light catalyst sterilization decomposer in the invention according to the third aspect, it is possible to decompose the organic matter with a device having a simple configuration.
Furthermore, in the invention according to claim 4, by providing a bubble removing device, it is possible to remove ozone floating gas without treated water and obtain treated water with safety and high transparency.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a combined water purification apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the flow of treated water during the purification operation of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the flow of treated water during the backwash process of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a photocatalytic sterilization decomposer used in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the photocatalytic sterilization decomposer used in the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a bubble removing device used in the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a nominal diameter and a processing amount in removing ozone.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Bath 11 Flow meter 2 Piping 20, 22 Check valve 21 Vent valve 3

Pump

31, 32, 33 Three-way valve 4 Float filter 5 Fine filter 51 Pre-filter 52 Sub-filter 6 Photocatalyst sterilizer 60 Inner pipe 61 Outside Tube 62 Ultraviolet lamp 63 Pump 64 Check valve 7 Bubble removal device 8 Activated carbon / decomposition remover 9 Floating microbacteria dead body remover

Claims

A pump that draws treated water into the treatment section, a float filter that filters out relatively large debris such as human hair, lipids, skin, sand, leaves, etc., and floats and relatively large general bacteria and E. coli Removal microfilter consisting of a fine filter, etc., which collects water, sterilization of small general bacteria and photocatalytic sterilization decomposer which decomposes organic substances in the treated water with ultraviolet rays and ozone, and air and ozone remaining in the treated water A bubble removing device for removing residual gas, an activated carbon catalyst / decomposing / removing device for secondary decomposition of residual organic matter following the bubble removing device, and a floating microbe carcass removing device, A photocatalyst sterilizer, bubble removal device, activated carbon catalyst / decomposer are placed in series, and a floating microbe carcass remover is placed at an appropriate position after the photocatalyst sterilizer. Combined purification of water characterized by sterilization and removal of bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Legionella, and purification of bath water and pool water by decomposing and removing organic matter such as manure apparatus.

A combined water purification apparatus using a reverse osmosis membrane instead of or in addition to the fine filter according to claim 1.

The combined purification apparatus for water according to claim 1 , wherein a photocatalyst packed tower of titanium oxide is used as the photocatalytic sterilization / decomposition device.

2. The combined water purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the bubble removing apparatus is provided with a bubble removing section having an open portion in the atmosphere and having a flow velocity greatly reduced compared to the flow rate in the pipe.