JP4180720B2 - Showcase - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a showcase provided with a cooling device .
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 15, for example, an open type freezer / refrigerated showcase is formed by a heat insulating wall 3, and the interior of the showcase body 1 having an opening 2 on the front surface is partitioned by a duct plate 4 and a bottom plate 15 to store products. The cold air ventilation path 7 is partitioned into a storage chamber 5 and a cold air ventilation path 7, and the heat insulating wall 3 side in the cold air ventilation path 7 is further partitioned by a partition plate 6 to form a ventilation path 8 on the heat insulating wall 3 side. An air blower 12 and a cooler 13 are arranged inside, and the upper end of the cooling air passage 7 is formed at the cold air outlet 9 and the upper end of the air passage 8 is formed at the air outlet 10 at a position outside the cold air outlet 9. A suction port 11 communicating with the cooling air passage 7 and the air passage 8 is formed at the lower end of the opening 2. In the figure, reference numeral 14 denotes product display shelves arranged in a plurality of stages in the product storage 5.
[0003]
The cooling device disposed in such a showcase is constituted by a conventionally known refrigeration cycle. A condenser and an evaporator as a cooler are sequentially connected to the outlet side of the compressor through a refrigerant pipe, and further evaporated. The outlet side of the vessel is connected to the compressor by refrigerant piping.
[0004]
In order to cool the inside of the product storage 5, the air sucked from the suction port 11 by the blower 12 is cooled by the cooler 13 in the cold air ventilation path 7, and passes through the cold air ventilation path 7 to be the upper cold air outlet. 9 is blown out toward the front opening 2. Thus, a cold air curtain is formed in the opening 2 to prevent the outside air from entering the product storage 5 and at the same time, the interior of the product storage 5 is cooled to a predetermined temperature. The cold air curtain is sucked in from the lower suction port 11 and is cooled again by the cooler 13 in the cool air ventilation path 7, and this circulation is repeated.
[0005]
On the other hand, a part of the air sucked into the suction port 11 by the blower 12 enters the ventilation path 8 without entering the cool air ventilation path 7, and is blown out from the outlet 10 and blown out from the cold outlet 9. The cold air curtain is guarded by flowing outside the air curtain.
[0006]
The showcase that is cooled in this way is usually installed in a food store. In order to keep the refrigerated food that is stored in the product storage 5 cold, the cooling operation is performed day and night. If the internal temperature is detected by a temperature sensor such as a thermistor sensor disposed at an appropriate location in the product storage 5 or the like, and the internal temperature decreases to a certain value as shown in the operation control diagram of FIG. When the operation of the cooler 13 is turned off and then the internal temperature rises to a certain value, the operation of the cooler 13 is resumed. The cooler 13 is continuously operated by repeating this fine on / off operation. The blower for the cooler 13 operates even when the cooler 13 is off.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, the cooling operation is continued for 24 hours as a whole, although the cooler is finely turned on and off. For this reason, power consumption is large and the heat cost is high. In addition, especially in summer, at the peak of power consumption during the daytime, power consumption by the air conditioner is a cause of power shortage.
[0008]
The object of the present invention is to eliminate the inconvenience of the conventional example, and the outside air temperature such as at night falls, and as a result, the rise in the inside temperature can be suppressed, for example, the product is inside the warehouse at night such as a lunch box. In showcases that store products that are not stored in the storage room, extra capacity is generated in the cooling device, such as during night hours, so that time that does not hinder product cooling even if the cooling capacity is reduced can be used effectively. Another object of the present invention is to provide a cooling device and a showcase in which the cooling device can be installed, which can reduce power consumption and heat cost, and can particularly achieve peak cut operation of electric power during the daytime in summer.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, firstly, a main body constituted by a heat insulating wall body is partitioned by a duct plate, a cool air ventilation path in which a cooler and a blower are arranged, and a product storage for storing products. In a showcase in which the cold air passage is formed by partitioning with a partition plate, and a first cooler that performs heat storage and heat dissipation and a second cooler that performs normal cooling are arranged in separate cold air passages, The operating time of each of the first cooler and the second cooler is set according to the temperature level of the inside or the arrival of a set time, and during the heat radiation operation by the first cooler, the second cooler is operated. The cooling operation is stopped, and a smaller amount of refrigerant is supplied to the first cooler than the amount supplied to the second cooler during the normal cooling operation.
[0010]
[0011]
[0012]
[0013]
[0014]
[0015]
[0016]
[0017]
[0018]
[0019]
In addition, since a small amount of refrigerant is supplied to the first cooler during this heat radiation operation, the heat radiation operation and the cooling action by heat exchange are performed simultaneously, so that the amount of heat storage can be reduced by that amount, and the amount of expensive heat storage member As a whole, the cost can be reduced. Since the amount of refrigerant supplied to the first cooler during the heat radiation operation is small as described above, the operating cost can be reduced even when the cooling circuit is operated as compared with the case where it is normally operated.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view of a showcase according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The basic configuration is the same as that of the conventional example already described with reference to FIG. 15 and is formed of a heat insulating wall 3 and has an opening 2 on the front surface. The inside of the case body 1 is divided into a duct plate 4 and a bottom plate 15 to be divided into a product storage 5 and a cold air passage 7, and the heat insulating wall 3 side in the cold air passage 7 is further divided by a partition plate 6. A ventilation path 8 is formed on the heat insulating wall 3 side, and a blower 12 and a cooler 16 are disposed in the cold air ventilation path 7.
[0021]
In the present invention, the cooler 16 is constituted by a heat storage heat exchanger having a heat storage member. For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the heat storage heat exchanger includes a plurality of substantially flat plate-like heat storage members 20 arranged in parallel with each other at a set interval and penetrated perpendicularly to the heat storage members 20. The cooling pipe 22 is provided in a meandering state, and end plates 21a and 21b are disposed outside the heat storage member 20 located at the end.
[0022]
And the heat storage member 20 was comprised with the hollow molded article by synthetic resins, such as polyethylene, a polypropylene, polybuden, for example, and the heat storage agent 23 was filled in the hollow inside. The heat storage agent 23 stores heat mainly by physical and chemical changes, and preferably has a large heat capacity per unit weight or volume and has a large latent heat during melting and solidification, and is usually a cold heat storage agent. For example, sodium carbonate or potassium hydrogen carbonate is used depending on the heat storage temperature. A sodium acetate mixture or the like is used as a warm heat storage agent. In addition, when the amount of heat storage may be somewhat small, it is possible to use water or the like as a heat storage agent and store the heat by changing its temperature. In this case, an inexpensive heat exchanger Is obtained.
[0023]
The upper end of the cooling air passage 7 provided with the cooler 16 constituted by the heat storage heat exchanger is disposed at the cold air outlet 9, and the upper end of the air passage 8 is disposed at the outer side of the cold air outlet 9 at the air outlet 10. The suction port 11 is formed at the lower end of the opening 2 and communicates with the cooling air passage 7 and the air passage 8. In the figure, reference numeral 14 denotes product display shelves arranged in a plurality of stages in the product storage 5. Although not shown, a temperature sensor using a thermistor or the like for detecting the temperature in the showcase body 1 is disposed at an appropriate location such as in the product storage 5.
[0024]
A cooling circuit is connected to the cooler 16. As shown in FIG. 4, in the cooling circuit, the outlet side of the compressor 25 is connected to the condenser 26, the liquid reservoir 27, the electromagnetic valve 28, and the cooler 16 in this order by the refrigerant pipe 29 in the same manner as conventionally known. 16 is further connected to the inlet side of the compressor 25 by a refrigerant pipe 29 to form a refrigeration cycle. The cooler 16 is provided with a blower 12 for the cooler 16.
[0025]
The on / off control of the cooler 16 is performed when it is determined that the temperature has dropped below a certain temperature due to the output from the temperature sensor that detects the temperature inside the showcase body 1, or when a preset time is reached by a timer, for example, 22:00 The control is configured so that it is turned on, for example.
[0026]
Next, the operation will be described with reference to the time chart of FIG. When the temperature inside the showcase body 1 drops below a certain level and becomes a low temperature state, or when the outside air temperature becomes low as a set time, for example, at 22:00, the cooling circuit is activated and the solenoid valve 28 is turned on. The refrigerant that is opened and sent out from the compressor 25 is supplied to the cooler 16 that is constituted by the heat storage heat exchanger via the condenser 26, thereby starting the heat storage operation.
[0027]
In the cooler 16, the refrigerant flows through the cooling pipe 22, so that the cold energy of the refrigerant is thermally conducted to the heat storage member 20 and the heat storage agent 23 to cool the heat storage agent 23, and between the outside of the cooling pipe 22 and the heat storage member 20. Cool the fluid flowing through, for example air. Cold energy is stored in the heat storage agent 23 of the heat storage member 20 by this heat exchange action.
[0028]
There are several methods for detecting the full storage of the cold energy, and one of them is that the surface temperature of the heat storage member 20 or the temperature of the heat storage agent 23 is detected by a temperature sensor such as a thermistor sensor and is below a predetermined temperature. Judged as full. As another method, the refrigerant of the cooler 16 is controlled by an electronic expansion valve, and when it is determined that the degree of superheat at the outlet of the cooling pipe 22 has become a certain value or less, it is determined that the battery is fully charged. For example, when the degree of superheat at the start of the heat storage operation is 5 deg, the degree of superheat decreases as the cold storage progresses. Therefore, when the degree of superheat decreases to 0 deg, full storage is determined.
[0029]
When the cold energy is determined to be fully stored as described above, the heat storage operation is terminated. This heat storage operation is performed by using inexpensive nighttime electricity at night when the temperature in the showcase body 1 is low and the product stored in the showcase is empty such as a lunch box.
[0030]
Even after the heat storage operation is finished once, during a certain period of time such as at night or when the temperature in the showcase body 1 is low, the cold energy full charge detection is continued and the heat storage operation is intermittently performed. To keep the full state. During the full storage operation, the cooling operation is not performed, but the air blower 12 for the cooler 16 is turned on in a state in which the amount of air flow is reduced, so that the temperature in the showcase body 1 does not increase significantly. In addition, during a certain period of time, such as at night, or when the temperature inside the showcase body 1 is low, the power consumption can be reduced by stopping or reducing the output of the cooling circuit when the heat storage operation is not performed. To save money.
[0031]
When the daytime time zone or the temperature in the showcase body 1 is higher than a predetermined value, a heat radiation operation is performed. In this heat radiation operation, the output of the cooling circuit is stopped and only the blower 12 of the cooler 16 configured by the heat storage heat exchanger is turned on, the cold energy stored in the heat storage member 20 is discharged from the cold air outlet 9, The inside is cooled to a predetermined temperature. The inside temperature is adjusted by adjusting the air flow rate of the blower 12.
[0032]
The showcase in which the cooler 16 composed of such a heat storage heat exchanger is installed, especially when applied to a showcase displaying products that are not stored in the showcase at night, such as lunch boxes. Even if only the heat storage operation is performed, it is effective because there is no problem, and the operation power cost can be reduced with a simple structure.
[0033]
FIG. 6 shows the second embodiment, and the basic configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, but in the first embodiment, the portion corresponding to the cold air ventilation path 7 is further divided into two in the ventilation direction by the partition plate 17. Thus, the first cold air ventilation path 7a and the second cold air ventilation path 7b, which are independent from each other, are formed. The first cold air passage 7a located on the side of the product storage 5 is formed with a wide lower part, and a cooler 16 constituted by a heat storage heat exchanger similar to that disposed in the first embodiment. The second cool air passage 7b located on the side of the air passage 8 is formed with a wide upper portion, and a second cooler 13a for normal cooling is provided here.
[0034]
Then, as shown in FIG. 7, a fan guide 18 in which a plurality of blowers 12a and 12b are mounted in parallel is arranged on the downstream side of the suction port 11 of each cold air passage 7a and 7b, and the inside of the fan guide 18 is partitioned. The board 19 is divided into two independent air passages, each air passage communicates with the cold air passages 7a and 7b, the blower 12a corresponds to the cold air passage 7a, and the blower 12b corresponds to the cold air passage 7b. . In this case, in the illustrated example, of the four fans 12a and 12b arranged in parallel in the width direction, the two inner fans 12a are made to correspond to the cold air passage 7a, and the two outer fans 12b are cooled. Although it corresponded to the ventilation path 7b, the opposite may be sufficient.
[0035]
In addition, one fan guide 18 is divided by the partition plate 19 to form the air passages corresponding to the cold air passages 7a and 7b, respectively, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the air passages 7a and 7b are respectively provided. Corresponding fan guides may be formed separately and independently.
[0036]
Furthermore, the vertical relationship between the positions where the cooler 13a and the cooler 16 are disposed may be opposite to the example shown in FIG. 6, and the front-rear positional relationship between the cool air ventilation paths 7a and 7b is also opposite to the example shown in FIG. The second cold air ventilation path 7b may be formed on the commodity storage 5 side, and the first cold air ventilation path 7a may be formed behind the second cold air ventilation path 7b.
[0037]
FIG. 8 shows a cooling circuit diagram connected to the cooler 13a and the cooler 16. The outlet side of the compressor 25 is connected to the condenser 26 and the liquid reservoir 27 in this order by the refrigerant pipe 29, and the outlet side of the liquid reservoir 27 is connected to the outlet side. The solenoid valve 31 is connected to the inlet side of the cooler 13a through the refrigerant pipe 29 via the decompression throttling device 32, and the outlet side of the cooler 13a is connected to the throttling device 34 via the solenoid valve 33 connected in parallel. The refrigerant pipe 29 was connected to the inlet side of the compressor 25.
[0038]
Further, a cooling circuit of the cooler 16 constituted by the heat storage heat exchanger is formed so as to be parallel to the cooling circuit of the normal cooler 13a. The cooling circuit of the cooler 16 branches the refrigerant pipe 29 on the inlet side of the electromagnetic valve 31, and connects the branched refrigerant pipe 29 to the inlet side of the cooler 16 via the electromagnetic valve 28 and the expansion device 35. The outlet side of the vessel 16 is merged with the refrigerant pipe 29 from the electromagnetic valve 33 and connected to the inlet side of the compressor 25 by the refrigerant pipe 29.
[0039]
Next, the operation will be described with reference to the time chart of FIG. In the normal cooling operation, the air sucked from the suction port 11 by the blower 12b passes through the cold air ventilation path 7b and is sent to the normal cooler 13a where it is heat-exchanged and cooled to become cold air from the cold air outlet 9 While blowing out, a cold air curtain is formed in the opening 2 and the inside of the product storage 5 is cooled to a predetermined temperature.
[0040]
In the meantime, as shown in FIG. 10, in the cooling circuit, the electromagnetic valves 31 and 33 are opened, the refrigerant is supplied only to the cooler 13a, only the cooling operation by the normal refrigeration cycle is performed, and the electromagnetic valve 28 is closed. The refrigerant is not supplied to the cooler 16 constituted by the heat exchanger for cooling, and the cooler 16 is stopped.
[0041]
When a predetermined time at night set by a timer or the like arrives, or when the temperature in the showcase body 1 detected by the temperature sensor becomes lower than a predetermined value, the temperature is lowered in the cooling circuit. The surplus cooling capacity is utilized, and as shown in FIG. 11, the solenoid valve 28 is opened and the refrigerant is also passed through the cooler 16 constituted by the heat storage heat exchanger, and the cooler 16 performs the heat storage operation. Since the heat storage action is the same as in the first embodiment, a detailed description thereof is omitted here.
[0042]
For the cooler 16 constituted by this heat storage heat exchanger, a heat storage agent 23 is selected so that the same performance as the cooler 13a can be exhibited during heat radiation. It is necessary to set the temperature lower than that of the cooler 13a. In order to cope with this, in the present invention, at the time of the heat storage operation, the solenoid valve 33 on the outlet side on the cooler 13a side is closed, and the refrigerant is flowed to the expansion device 34 side to reduce the pressure, thereby being sent out from the cooler 16 side. It was made the same as the evaporating temperature of the incoming refrigerant and returned to the compressor 25.
[0043]
Incidentally, the refrigerant temperature returned to the compressor 25 is about −6 ° C. in the normal cooling operation with only the cooler 13a, but the evaporation temperature in the cooler 16 is about −13 ° C. during the heat storage operation. The refrigerant temperature returned to the compressor 25 also needs to be set to about −13 ° C.
[0044]
In this way, heat storage operation is performed using cheap nighttime electric power at night and the cold energy is stored. Detection of full storage is the same as in the first embodiment. During the heat storage operation, the blower 12a of the cooler 16 is stopped. However, since one blower 12b is operating, the blower 12a that has been stopped due to a pressure difference is reversed and flows into the cooler 16, and the cooler 16 may be frosted. In order to deal with this, in the present invention, a slight voltage is applied to the blower 12a to prevent the reverse rotation in the locked state, or a small voltage is applied to the blower 12a to rotate it forward at a low speed to prevent inflow or installation. When there is a space, a damper that can be opened and closed by electrical control is attached to the blower 12a.
[0045]
At the peak of power consumption during the daytime, as shown in FIG. 12, the compressor 13a for normal cooling, the compressor 25 and other normal cooling circuits, and the blower 12b are all stopped, and heat storage is performed. Only the blower 12a is operated to perform a heat radiation operation to dissipate heat from the cooler 16, thereby cooling the interior. This is done by adjusting the air volume of the internal temperature control blower 12a by allowing the cooler 16 to cool. Thereby, the electric power used at the time of an electric power consumption peak becomes only for the fan 12a driving | operation, and a peak cut can be aimed at.
[0046]
During this heat radiation operation, the operation of the compressor 25 and other normal cooling circuits and the blower 12b are not completely stopped as described above, and the amount is smaller than the supply amount of the refrigerant that flows to the cooler 13a in the normal cooling operation. The refrigerant can be supplied to the cooler 16 to dissipate the stored heat, and at the same time, the cooling operation can be performed. In this case, the driving power of the cooler 15 is required, but since the amount of refrigerant supplied by controlling the capacity of the cooling circuit is small, the operating cost can be reduced as compared with the normal operation. Moreover, since the cooler 16 can be made small, the usage-amount of an expensive heat storage agent can be reduced.
[0047]
In the second embodiment, the blowers 12a and 12b are provided separately as corresponding to the cold air passages 7a and 7b. However, in the third embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the blower 12 is replaced with a cooler 13a. As a means for closing the cool air ventilation passages 7a and 7b on the side where the air blowing is stopped, a damper 36 is disposed in the suction port 11 at a downstream position of the blower 12.
[0048]
In the example shown in FIG. 13, the damper 36 is formed in an L-shaped side surface and has an L-shaped corner as a rotating shaft. The state shown in the figure is a normal cooling operation or a heat storage operation. 7 a is blocked, and the cold air passage 7 b communicates with the suction port 11. If the damper 36 is rotated 90 degrees to the right from this state during the heat dissipation operation, the cold air ventilation path 7a communicates with the suction port 11 and the cold air ventilation path 7b is blocked.
[0049]
The example of the damper 37 shown in FIG. 14 has a flat plate shape, and its end portion is attached to the end portion of the partition plate 17 that partitions the cold air passages 7a and 7b so as to be rotatable in the direction of the cold air passages 7a and 7b. .
[0050]
In the embodiment, the showcase is an open showcase in which the front surface is formed in the opening 2, but the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to a type in which an opening is formed in the upper surface.
[0051]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the showcase of the present invention firstly has a main body constituted by a heat insulating wall body partitioned by a duct plate, and a merchandise storage box for storing a cool air ventilation path in which a cooler and a blower are disposed, and merchandise. In the showcase in which the cold air ventilation path is partitioned by a partition plate, and the first cooler for heat storage and heat dissipation and the second cooler for normal cooling are arranged in separate cold air ventilation paths, respectively. The operation timing of each of the first cooler and the second cooler is set according to the temperature level in the main body or when the set time arrives, and the second cooling is performed during the heat radiation operation by the first cooler. The cooling operation of the cooler is stopped, and a smaller amount of refrigerant is supplied to the first cooler than the amount supplied to the second cooler during the normal cooling operation.
[0052]
[0053]
[0054]
[0055]
[0056]
[0057]
[0058]
[0059]
[0060]
[0061]
In addition, since a small amount of refrigerant is supplied to the first cooler during this heat radiation operation, the heat radiation operation and the cooling action by heat exchange are performed simultaneously, so that the amount of heat storage can be reduced by that amount, and the amount of expensive heat storage member As a whole, the cost can be reduced. Since the amount of refrigerant supplied to the first cooler during the heat radiation operation is small as described above, the operating cost can be reduced even when the cooling circuit is operated as compared with the case where it is normally operated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view of a showcase according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a cooler of the cooling device disposed in the showcase according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal front view of a heat storage member that is a main part of a cooler of a cooling device disposed in a showcase according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cooling circuit diagram of a cooling device provided in the showcase according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a time chart of operation control of the cooling device disposed in the showcase according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a vertical side view of a showcase according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a main part of a showcase according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a cooling circuit diagram of a cooling device disposed in a showcase according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a time chart of operation control of the cooling device provided in the showcase according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a cooling circuit diagram of a normal cooling operation of a cooling device for a showcase according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a cooling circuit diagram of a heat storage operation of a showcase that is the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a cooling circuit diagram of the heat dissipation operation of the showcase that is the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a vertical side view of a showcase according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a longitudinal side view of a main part of a showcase according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a vertical side view of a conventional showcase .
FIG. 16 is a time chart of operation control of a cooling device disposed in a conventional showcase .
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Showcase body, 2 ... Opening, 3 ... Heat insulation wall, 4 ... Duct plate, 5 ... Merchandise storage, 6 ... Partition plate, 7, 7a, 7b ... Cold air ventilation path, 8 ... Ventilation path, 9 ... Cold air blowing Outlet, 10 ... Air outlet, 11 ... Suction port, 12, 12a, 12b ... Blower, 13, 13a ... Cooler, 14 ... Display shelf, 15 ... Bottom plate, 16 ... Cooler, 17 ... Partition plate, 18 ... Fan guide , 19 ... Partition plate, 20 ... Heat storage member, 21a, 21b ... End plate, 22 ... Cooling pipe, 23 ... Heat storage agent, 25 ... Compressor, 26 ... Condenser, 27 ... Liquid reservoir, 28 ... Solenoid valve, 29 ... Refrigerant piping, 31 ... solenoid valve, 32 ... throttling device, 33 ... solenoid valve, 34 ... throttling device, 35 ... throttling device, 36 ... damper, 37 ... damper

Claims (1)

The inside of the main body constituted by the heat insulating wall is partitioned by a duct plate, a cold air passage for arranging a cooler and a blower and a product storage for storing products are formed, and the inside of the cold air passage is partitioned by a partition plate, In the showcase in which the first cooler that performs heat storage and heat dissipation and the second cooler that performs normal cooling are arranged in separate cool air passages, depending on whether the temperature in the main body is high or low, or when a set time arrives, The operation time of each of the first cooler and the second cooler is set, and during the heat radiation operation by the first cooler, the cooling operation of the second cooler is stopped and during the normal cooling operation, A showcase in which a smaller amount of refrigerant than that supplied to the second cooler is supplied to the first cooler.

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