JP4163596B2 - Double row spherical roller bearing and wind power generator spindle support device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an economical double row automatic aligning roller bearing with no waste in a material capable of carrying out appropriate supporting corresponding to a load in respective rows when it is applied to usage for receiving thrust load in one row, for example, a wind power generator main shaft support device or the like and capable of prolong substantial life. <P>SOLUTION: In the bearing, rollers 4, 5 are interposed between an inner ring 2 and an outer ring 3 in double rows and a raceway surface 3a of the outer ring 3 is made to a spherical shape. Outer diameter surfaces of the rollers 4, 5 are made to a shape along the raceway surfaces 3a of the outer ring 3. The rollers 4, 5 of left and right rows have different width dimensions each other and contact angles &theta;1, &theta;2 of the left and right rows are made different from each other. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&amp;NCIPI

Description

The present invention, double row self-aligning roller bearing which is applicable to bearings for supporting the main shaft of the wind power generator, and a wind turbine generator main shaft bearing apparatus having the same.

  A large double-row self-aligning roller bearing 51 as shown in FIG. 7 is often used for a main shaft bearing in a large wind power generator. The main shaft 50 is a shaft to which a blade 49 is attached. The main shaft 50 is rotated by receiving wind force, and the rotation is increased by a speed increaser (not shown) to rotate the generator to generate power.

When power is generated by receiving wind, the main shaft 50 supporting the blade 49 is subjected to an axial load (bearing thrust load) and a radial load (bearing radial load) due to the wind force applied to the blade 49. The double-row self-aligning roller bearing 51 can simultaneously apply a radial load and a flash load, and has a self-aligning property. Therefore, the double-row self-aligning roller bearing 51 can absorb the accuracy error of the bearing housing 48 and the inclination of the spindle 50 due to the mounting error. The bending of the main shaft 50 during operation can be absorbed. Therefore, it is a bearing suitable for a wind power generator main shaft bearing and is used (for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
NTN catalog “New generation wind turbine bearings” A65. CAT. No. 8404/04 / JE, issued May 1, 2003

  However, in the wind turbine, the thrust load is larger than the radial load, and the roller 54 in the row receiving the thrust load out of the double row rollers 54 and 55 exclusively applies the radial load and the thrust load at the same time. Therefore, the rolling fatigue life is shortened. In addition, there is a problem that a light load is applied to the opposite row, and the rollers 55 slip on the raceway surfaces 52a and 53a of the inner and outer rings 52 and 53, resulting in surface damage and wear. Therefore, it can be dealt with by using a bearing having a large bearing size or by improving lubricity, but on the light load side, the margin becomes too large, which is uneconomical. In addition, it is desired that a wind turbine main shaft bearing installed at a high place because it is operated unattended or has a large blade 49 is simple in terms of lubrication in order to be maintenance-free.

The object of the present invention is to support a main shaft to which a blade of a wind power generator is attached, so that proper support according to the load can be performed in each row, and the real life can be extended, and the material is wasted. It is to provide an economical double-row self-aligning roller bearing.

Double row self-aligning roller bearing of the present invention is a roller bearing which is used as a main shaft support bearing for supporting a main shaft of the blade is mounted in a wind power generator, roller in double rows between the inner ring and the outer ring In the double row self-aligning roller bearing in which the outer ring raceway surface is spherical and the outer circumferential surface of the roller is shaped along the outer ring raceway surface, the inner and outer rings have bearing portions in the left and right rows. It is a double row specification integrated with each other, the load capacities in the bearing portions of these left and right rows are made different from each other, the contact angle directions of the left and right rows are opposite to each other, and the contact angles of the left and right rows are mutually different. The left and right rows of rollers have the same maximum diameter and different widths, and the bearing portion of the row farther from the blade has a higher load capacity than the closer bearing portion. Of large contact angle and roller Characterized in that the assumed size is large. The load capacities different from each other may be any load capacities for radial loads and thrust loads, or both.

In the present invention, the rollers of the left or right one column, yet good as a hollow roller having a hole in the center.

  As described above, when the load capacity of the left and right rows is made different from each other by changing the width dimension of the left and right rows of rollers, when used for an application in which an asymmetric load acts on the left and right rows, Proper support according to the load can be performed in each row. As a result, it is possible to prevent the material from being wasted due to excessive load capacity in the light load side row, and it is difficult for the rollers to slip due to the light load, resulting in surface damage and wear. Not likely to occur. As a result, the overall life of the bearing is improved overall.

  Specifically, when the width or outer diameter of the roller is varied, the load capacity of the roller train having a large size increases. Further, in a roller train having a small size, the weight of the roller is reduced, so that slippage is reduced, and wear and surface damage are reduced. Even when the roller of one roller row is a hollow roller, the weight of the roller of that row is reduced, so that slippage is reduced, and wear and surface damage are reduced.

  As for the contact angle, as the contact angle increases, the ratio of the supporting force of the thrust load to the radial load increases. For this reason, the thrust supporting force of the row with the increased contact angle is increased. In the roller row with the smaller contact angle, the contact stress between the roller and the raceway surface increases, thereby reducing slippage and reducing wear and surface damage.

As a configuration in which the load capacity of the left and right rows is different, when the roller width dimension is different or when the contact angle is different, the inner and outer rings are secured to ensure the inner and outer ring wall thickness compared to when the roller diameter is different. The design change of the radial direction dimension of the wheel is small or no design change is required, and the design and manufacture are easy even if the left and right rows are asymmetric.
As a configuration to reduce slip by changing the weight of the left and right rows of rollers, if the left and right rows of rollers are hollow rollers with a hole in the center, the inner and outer rings are of the conventional symmetrical type. It is the same, and it is easier to design and manufacture.

Any of the double-row self-aligning roller bearings having the above-described configurations according to the present invention may divide the outer ring into two divided outer rings arranged in the axial direction.
Since the outer ring has a split structure, it is only necessary to manufacture the two split outer rings individually, which makes it easy to manufacture the asymmetric outer ring.

When the outer ring has a split structure as described above, a gap may be provided between the two split outer rings, and a preload may be applied between the split outer rings. The preload is preferably applied from the smaller roller row side.
By applying the preload in this way, it is possible to positively suppress roller slip. Therefore, the above-mentioned slip can be suppressed while the manufacture of the outer ring as a divided structure is facilitated.

Double row self-aligning roller bearing of the above construction in the present invention are all, it is used as a main shaft support bearing for supporting a main shaft of the blade is mounted in a wind power generator.
The main shaft support bearing of the wind power generator is a wind pressure acting on the blade attached to the main shaft, and the thrust load acts on one row as described above. The effect of the bearing is effectively exhibited, and the effect of improving the substantial bearing life is obtained.

A wind power generator main shaft support device of the present invention supports a main shaft to which a blade is attached by one or a plurality of bearings installed in a housing, and any one or a plurality of the bearings described above in the present invention. This is a double-row self-aligning roller bearing having such a configuration. In that case, it is assumed that the load capacity of the bearing portion in the row far from the blade is larger than that of the near bearing portion.
With this configuration, the effect of improving the substantial bearing life of the double row self-aligning roller bearing serving as the spindle support bearing can be obtained.

The double-row self-aligning roller bearing according to the present invention is a double-row specification in which the inner and outer rings are integrated with the left and right rows of bearing parts, and the load capacities of the left and right rows of bearing portions are different from each other. The contact angle directions of the left and right rows are opposite to each other, and the contact angles of the left and right rows are different from each other, and the left and right rows of rollers have the same maximum diameter and different width dimensions. Since it is applied to the main shaft support shaft of a wind power generator, it can be supported appropriately according to the characteristics of the wind force acting on the main shaft, and the effect of extending the real life is high.

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This double row spherical roller bearing 1 has rollers 4 and 5 interposed between an inner ring 2 and an outer ring 3 in a double row. Rollers 4, 5 of each row are more retained in the retainer 6, respectively. Retainer 6 is a separately provided for each column. The raceway surface 3 a of the outer ring 3 has a spherical shape, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the rollers 4 and 5 in each row have a cross-sectional shape along the raceway surface 3 a of the outer ring 3. The outer ring 3 has an oil groove 7 in the middle between both rows on the outer diameter surface, and oil holes 8 penetrating from the oil groove 7 to the inner diameter surface are provided at one or a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. The inner ring 2 has double-row raceway surfaces 2a and 2b having a cross-sectional shape along the outer peripheral surface of each row of rollers 4 and 5, and ribs 9 to 11 are provided between the raceway surfaces 2a and 2b and at both ends. Is provided. The inner ring 2 may have no wrinkles.

The left and right rows of rollers 4 and 5 have different width dimensions L1 and L2, and the left and right rows of bearing portions 1a and 1b have different contact angles θ1 and θ2. In this case, the contact angle θ1 of the bearing portion 1a corresponding to the row of rollers 4 having a large width dimension is set larger than the contact angle θ2 of the bearing portion 1b of the row of rollers 5 having a small width size. The outer diameters of the rollers 4 and 5 in both rows are, for example, the same maximum diameter .

  The double-row self-aligning roller bearing 1 having this configuration is used in applications where asymmetrical loads act on the left and right rows, for example, one row receives thrust load and radial load, and the other row receives almost only radial load. Used for receiving applications. Specifically, it is used for a spindle support bearing of a wind power generator. In this case, the row on which the thrust load is applied is a row of rollers 4 having a large contact angle θ1 and a large width dimension L1. Note that the shape of the rollers 4 and 5 themselves in each row may be asymmetrical rollers or not asymmetrical rollers.

  As described above, with regard to the thrust load train, the contact angle θ1 is increased and the width L1 of the roller 4 is increased to increase the thrust load load capacity. Therefore, the rolling fatigue life is improved. In the opposite row, the contact angle θ2 is reduced and the width L2 of the roller 5 is reduced, so that the contact stress between the roller 5 and the raceway surfaces 2b and 3a increases and the weight of the roller 5 decreases. , Slip is reduced. Therefore, even with a light load, the rollers 5 are unlikely to slip, and surface damage is unlikely to occur. From these effects, the real life of the double-row self-aligning roller bearing 1 serving as a wind power generator main shaft support bearing is improved.

FIG. 2 shows a reference proposal example of the present invention. This double-row self-aligning roller bearing 1A is the same as the double-row self-aligning roller bearing 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, but the outer ring 3 is divided into two divided outer rings 3A and 3B aligned in the axial direction. It is divided between the columns. Both split outer rings 3A and 3B are provided in a natural state, that is, in a state where the spherical raceway surfaces 3Aa and 3Ba of both split outer rings 3A and 3B are located on the same spherical surface, so that a gap d is generated between them. The double row spherical roller bearing 1A is preloaded by the preload applying means 21 so that the gap d between the split outer rings 3A and 3B on both sides is narrowed in a state where it is installed in the bearing housing 20. For the preload applying means 21, a spring member, a tightening screw, or the like is used. When the spring member is used, for example, it is a compression spring that is disposed at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction and contacts the end face of the outer ring 3. The preload applying means 21 is preferably applied from the outer ring divided body 3B on the smaller roller 5 side.

As described above, when the outer ring 3 is divided, the asymmetric outer ring 3 can be easily manufactured. Further, by applying a preload with the outer ring 3 as a divided structure, the slippage of the rollers 5 can be positively suppressed.
Reference proposed examples definitive other configuration of this, the effect is the same as the first embodiment, it is denoted by the same reference numerals as the corresponding parts.

  In addition to the configuration in which the outer ring 3 is divided as in the example of FIG. 2, the inner ring 2 is also divided into two divided inner rings 2A, 2A, 2A, 2B aligned in the axial direction as in the double-row spherical roller bearing 1B shown in FIG. You may divide into 2B. If the inner ring 2 is divided, the production of the asymmetric inner ring 2 is facilitated.

  FIG. 4 shows still another embodiment of the present invention. In this double-row self-aligning roller bearing 1C, one row of rollers 5 is a hollow roller having a hole 5b in the center. In this example, the contact angles θ1 and θ2 of the left and right rows are the same, and the widths and outer diameters of the rollers 4 and 5 in both rows are the same. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

  In this configuration, the material of the rollers 5 is saved by making the rollers 5 in one row into hollow rollers. Further, even if the load acting on the rollers 5 in this row is small, slippage is reduced by reducing the weight of the rollers 5, and wear and surface damage are reduced.

  5 and 6 show an example of a wind power generator main shaft support device using the double row self-aligning roller bearing of the present invention. A casing 33a of the nacelle 33 is installed on the support base 31 via a swivel bearing 32 (FIG. 6) so as to be horizontally swivelable. In the casing 33a of the nacelle 33, a main shaft 36 is rotatably installed via a main shaft support bearing 35 installed in the bearing housing 34, and a blade 37 serving as a swirl blade is formed on a portion of the main shaft 36 protruding outside the casing 33a. Is installed. The other end of the main shaft 36 is connected to a speed increaser 38, and the output shaft of the speed increaser 38 is coupled to the rotor shaft of the generator 39. The nacelle 33 is turned at an arbitrary angle by the turning motor 40 via the speed reducer 41.

In the illustrated example, two main shaft support bearings 35 are arranged side by side, but may be one. As the main shaft support bearing 35, the double row self-aligning roller bearings 1 , 1A , 1C in any of the above-described embodiments are used.

Thus, when the double row self-aligning roller bearing 1 of the said embodiment is applied to the spindle support bearing 35 of a wind power generator, the row | line | column far from the braid | blade 37 turns into a thrust load load row | line | column. Therefore, the double row self-aligning roller bearing 1 is installed on the thrust load load row side so that a row with a large roller width L1 is arranged. When using the double row spherical roller bearing 1C of the embodiment of FIG. 4, the row on the solid roller 4 side is the thrust load load row side.

It is a fragmentary sectional view of the double row self-aligning roller bearing concerning a 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the installation state of the double row self-aligning roller bearing concerning the reference proposal example of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the installation state of the double row self-aligning roller bearing concerning the further another reference proposal example of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the double row self-aligning roller bearing concerning further another embodiment of this invention. It is a notch perspective view of the wind-powered generator main shaft support device using any one of the double row spherical roller bearings of the present invention. It is a fractured side view of the wind power generator main shaft support device. It is sectional drawing of a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1A-1C ... Double row self-aligning roller bearing 2 ... Inner ring 3 ... Outer ring 2a, 3a, 3b ... Raceway surface 4, 5 ... Roller (theta) 1, (theta) 2 ... Contact angle

Claims (3)

Rollers a bearing blade of the wind power generator is used as a main shaft support bearing for supporting a main shaft mounted, are interposed rollers in double rows between the inner ring and the outer ring, spherical raceway surfaces of the outer ring In the double row spherical roller bearing in which the outer peripheral surface of the roller has a shape along the raceway surface of the outer ring,
The inner and outer rings have a double row specification in which the left and right rows of bearing portions are integrated with each other, the load capacities of the left and right rows of bearing portions are different from each other, the left and right rows have contact angle directions opposite to each other, and the size of the contact angle of the left and right columns made different from each other, the rollers of the left and right columns, the maximum diameter of the same size with each other, and, it is assumed that the width dimension different, bearing part of the column remote from the blade A double-row self-aligning roller bearing having a larger load capacity, a larger contact angle, and a larger width of the roller than the closer bearing portion .   2. The double-row self-aligning roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein either one of the left and right rollers is a hollow roller having a hole in the center. The double-row spherical roller bearing according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the main shaft to which the blade is attached is supported by one or a plurality of bearings installed in a housing, and any one or a plurality of the bearings is used. And a wind power generator main shaft support device in which the bearing portion of the row farther from the blade in the double row spherical roller bearing has a larger load capacity than the closer bearing portion.

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