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JP4013583B2 - Airtight structure in atmospheric pressure method - Google Patents

Airtight structure in atmospheric pressure method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4013583B2
JP4013583B2 JP2002046395A JP2002046395A JP4013583B2 JP 4013583 B2 JP4013583 B2 JP 4013583B2 JP 2002046395 A JP2002046395 A JP 2002046395A JP 2002046395 A JP2002046395 A JP 2002046395A JP 4013583 B2 JP4013583 B2 JP 4013583B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
ground
sheet
airtight
airtight structure
atmospheric pressure
Prior art date
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JP2002046395A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003247225A (en
Inventor
忠春 中村
英貞 金治
奈津代 門間
徹 佐々木
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Obayashi Corp
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Obayashi Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、大気圧工法によって改良される地盤を覆うための、水及び気体に対して気密な気密構造に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
河川や湖沼等に堆積している底泥のような軟弱地盤の処理方法として、これを掘削して取り除いたり、覆砂やセメントにより硬化させたりする方法が採用されてきたが、これらは大型施工機械の使用と搬入路の確保といった手間とコストがかかる。
【0003】
このような背景から、軟弱地盤の密度促進や強度増加を図る工法として、真空圧を利用して地盤を減容化及び強度発現させる大気圧工法が開発された。大気圧工法によれば、排水材を打設及び敷設された地盤を気密構造で覆って密閉し、これをポンプで吸引排水することによって、地盤中の水が排水されて地盤は固まりその強度が安定する。従って、大気圧工法による地盤の改良の程度を決める主たる要素は、地盤と気密構造との間隙の気密性であり、特に地盤と気密構造との接点における気密性の高さが重要となる。
【0004】
従来は、気密構造は一枚の均一で気密なシートから成っており、例えば特開2000−144709公報に示されるように、このシートの端部を地盤中に埋設することにより、上記の地盤と気密構造との接点における気密性を確保してきた。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、一枚の均一なシートの端面を地盤に埋設する方法には、以下の問題があった。
(1)地盤中に硬い障害物があるとシートが破損して、地盤と気密構造との間隙の気密性が低下する。
(2)従来技術では、シートの端部を例えばパイプ材等に巻きつけて、このパイプ材を埋設していたため、パイプ材の太さ分の地盤を掘削することになり、地盤が乱れて、地盤と気密構造との間隙の気密性が低下する。
(3)シート端部の破損を回避しつつ埋設するため、工事の作業時間が長くなり且つコスト高である。
(4)とりわけ、地盤が水面下にある場合は、上述のシート端部の埋設は、水中作業になることから、より困難な作業になる。
【0006】
本発明はかかる課題に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、大気圧工法において気密性の高い気密構造を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記課題を解決するために、第1の発明は、改良区域の地盤と、前記改良区域の前記地盤の内部に貫入された鉛直ドレーン材と、前記改良区域の前記地盤の表面に平行に敷設された水平ドレーン材とを気密シートによって覆い、前記改良区域を真空吸引することにより地盤表層の水を排水する大気圧工法に使用される気密構造であって、前記改良区域の周囲の地盤に、前記気密シートよりも硬い高密度ポリエチレン等の材料からなる鉛直遮水工が、その上端部が前記地盤表面から上方に突出するように打設され、該鉛直遮水工の前記地盤表面から上方に突出している部分に前記気密シートの端部が連接部材を介して気密的に連接され、前記連接部材は、前記気密シートの端部を前記鉛直遮水工の前記地盤表面から上方に突出している部分に連接する面ファスナと、前記気密シートの端部と前記鉛直遮水工の前記地盤表面から上方に突出している部分との間に設けられて、それらの間をシールする油粘土とを備えていることを特徴とする大気圧工法における気密構造とした。
【0008】
第1の発明によれば、気密構造において、地盤中に打設されるのは、打設時の地盤からの圧力に対して大きな損傷の生じない高密度ポリエチレン等の材料からなる鉛直遮水工であり、しかも、鉛直遮水工の地盤表面から突出している部分に気密シートの端部が連接部材を介して連接されていることから、減圧となる地盤側と外部とを十分気密的に隔離することが可能となる。
この場合、連接部材の面ファスナにより、気密シートの端部を鉛直遮水工の地盤表面から上方に突出している部分に確実に連接することができるとともに、油粘土により、気密シートの端部と鉛直遮水工の地盤表面から上方に突出している部分との間を確実にシールすることができるので、気密構造と地盤表面との間に形成される間隙の気密性を高めることができ、減圧される間隙を外部から確実に隔離することが可能となる
また、高密度ポリエチレン等の材料からなる鉛直遮水工は、その硬度の高さ故に、地盤中の障害物がおよそ打設の障害とならないため、気密構造の配設作業が簡便になる。
さらに、高密度ポリエチレン等の材料からなる鉛直遮水工は、その薄い材料故に、打設時の地盤の構造の乱れは無視できるほど小さい。
以上から、第1の発明により、改良区域の地盤と気密構造との間の間隙の気密性を高めることができるとともに、大気圧工法の工事に要する時間をより短縮することが可能となる。
【0009】
また、第1の発明において、前記改良区域は、水面下にあることを特徴とする大気圧工法における気密構造を第2の発明とした。
第2の発明によれば、改良区域が水面下にある場合であっても、気密構造と水底の地盤表面との間に形成される間隙を外部の水から確実に隔離することが可能となる
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
===大気圧工法の概要===
本発明の一実施形態としての気密構造は、水面下で大気圧工法により改良される底泥地盤にて使用されるものとする。
【0012】
本実施形態としての気密構造が使用される、大気圧工法の概要について図1を参照しつつ説明する。図1は、大気圧工法で改良が進められている底泥1を有する池の断面を模式的に表した図である。軟弱な地盤を硬化させることが必要な改良区域3の底泥表層に鉛直ドレーン材5が打設され、水平ドレーン材7及び有孔管9が敷設され、有孔管9の一端がポンプ11の吸水口に接続されている。
【0013】
気密構造13は、改良区域3の平面全てを覆い、改良区域3の端面において鉛直方向に沿った側面は、気密構造13の周囲の鉛直遮水工13aが底泥1に打設されることにより気密性が保持される。気密構造13は、鉛直遮水工13aと気密シート13bとを主たる構成要素とし、これらは連接部材として例えば両面接着仕様の面ファスナ13c及び図2に示した油粘土13dにより互いに連接されて気密性が保持されている。以上により、気密構造13と水底地盤表面15の形成する空間は池中の水から隔離される。
【0014】
鉛直ドレーン材5による毛細管現象で、水底地盤表面15にまで上昇した底泥中の水は、水平ドレーン材7により、気密構造13と水底地盤表面15との間隙の一方向に選択的に流れることが許容され、さらにこれが有孔管9で集められてポンプ11に吸い上げられる。
【0015】
ポンプ11の運転を続けることにより、底泥1の中の水が排水されて、この軟弱地盤は減容化して強度をもつ。また前記間隙は減圧状態となるため、気密構造13は改良区域3の表面に密着して改良区域3を密封した状態となり、池底の強度が安定した状態が持続する。
【0016】
===気密構造の構成===
本発明の一実施形態としての気密構造13の構成を、図2を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。図2は、本実施形態の気密構造13の構成要素の一部分を模式的に表した図である。
【0017】
本実施形態において、鉛直遮水工13aは、気密シート13bよりも硬い高密度ポリエチレンからなり、改良区域3の端面において鉛直方向に沿った側面を気密にするために底泥1に打設して用いられる。この場合、鉛直遮水工13aは、上端部が水底地盤表面15から上方に所定の長さ突出するように、底泥1に打設されている。
【0018】
本実施形態において、気密シート13bの端部は、図2に示されるように、鉛直遮水工13aの水中露出部分(水底地盤表面15から上方に突出している部分)の端部の池岸側の側面に、連接部材として例えば両面接着仕様の面ファスナ13cで連接されるとともに、気密シート13bの端部と鉛直遮水工13aの水中露出部分との間は、それらの間に設けられている油粘土13dによってシールされている
【0019】
上記の連接作業は、鉛直遮水工13aを油圧ジャッキ等により改良区域3の周辺部に打設し、気密シート13bを水底地盤表面15に敷設した後に、池の水中で行ってもよいし、池以外の場所で行った後に、池の水底地盤表面15で鉛直遮水工13aの部分を打設してもよい。
【0020】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の大気圧工法における気密構造によれば、地盤表面と気密構造との間に形成される間隙の気密性を容易に高めることができるとともに、鉛直遮水工の地盤への打設、気密シートの地盤表面への敷設、及び気密シートの端部の鉛直遮水工への連結等の作業を容易に短時間で行うことができるので、工事に要する時間と手間を削減することができ、工事に要する費用を大幅に削減することができる。
さらに、連接部材の面ファスナにより、気密シートの端部を鉛直遮水工の地盤表面から上方に突出している部分に確実に連接することができるとともに、油粘土により、気密シートの端部と鉛直遮水工の地盤表面から上方に突出している部分との間を確実にシールすることができるので、気密構造と地盤表面との間に形成される間隙の気密性を高めることができ、減圧される間隙を外部から確実に隔離することが可能となる
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】大気圧工法で改良が進められている底泥を有する池の断面を模式的に表した図である。
【図2】本実施形態の気密構造の構成要素の一部分を模式的に表した図である。
【符号の説明】
5 鉛直ドレーン材
7 水平ドレーン材
9 有孔管
11 ポンプ
13 気密構造
13a 鉛直遮水工
13b 気密シート
13c 面ファスナ
13d 油粘土
15 水底地盤表面
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an airtight structure that is airtight to water and gas for covering the ground improved by the atmospheric pressure method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Methods for excavating and removing soft ground such as bottom mud accumulated in rivers and lakes have been adopted, such as excavating and removing them, and hardening them with sand-covering or cement. It takes time and labor to use the machine and secure the loading path.
[0003]
Against this background, an atmospheric pressure construction method has been developed that uses vacuum pressure to reduce the volume of the ground and express its strength as a method of promoting the density and increasing the strength of soft ground. According to the atmospheric pressure method, the ground where the drainage material is placed and laid is covered and sealed with an airtight structure, and this is sucked and drained with a pump, so that the water in the ground is drained and the ground is solidified and its strength is increased. Stabilize. Therefore, the main factor that determines the degree of improvement of the ground by the atmospheric pressure method is the airtightness of the gap between the ground and the airtight structure, and particularly the high airtightness at the contact point between the ground and the airtight structure is important.
[0004]
Conventionally, the airtight structure is composed of a single uniform and airtight sheet. For example, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-144709, by embedding the end of the sheet in the ground, Airtightness at the point of contact with the airtight structure has been secured.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the method of embedding the end face of one uniform sheet in the ground has the following problems.
(1) If there is a hard obstacle in the ground, the sheet is damaged, and the airtightness of the gap between the ground and the airtight structure is lowered.
(2) In the prior art, because the end of the sheet is wound around, for example, a pipe material and the pipe material is embedded, the ground for the thickness of the pipe material is excavated, the ground is disturbed, The airtightness of the gap between the ground and the airtight structure decreases.
(3) Since the sheet is embedded while avoiding breakage of the end portion of the sheet, the work time for the construction becomes long and the cost is high.
(4) In particular, when the ground is below the surface of the water, the above-described embedding of the sheet end portion is an underwater operation, which makes the operation more difficult.
[0006]
This invention is made | formed in view of this subject, The place made into the objective is providing the airtight structure with high airtightness in an atmospheric pressure construction method.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first invention is provided in parallel with the ground of the improved area, the vertical drain material penetrating into the ground of the improved area, and the surface of the ground of the improved area. The horizontal drain material is covered with an airtight sheet, and the improved area is vacuum-suctioned to drain the water on the ground surface, and is used in an atmospheric pressure construction method. A vertical water-impervious construction made of a material such as high-density polyethylene that is harder than the air-tight sheet is placed so that its upper end protrudes upward from the ground surface, and projects upward from the ground surface of the vertical water-impervious construction. The end of the hermetic sheet is hermetically connected to the part through the connecting member, and the connecting member projects the end of the hermetic sheet upward from the ground surface of the vertical impermeable construction Ream And surface fasteners to the provided between the said ground surface of the end portion of the airtight sheet and the vertical water barrier Engineering and portions projecting upward, that and an oil clay to seal therebetween An air-tight structure in the atmospheric pressure construction method characterized by
[0008]
According to the first invention, in the airtight structure, the vertical water-impervious construction made of a material such as high-density polyethylene that does not cause a large damage with respect to the pressure from the ground at the time of placing is placed in the ground. In addition, since the end of the airtight sheet is connected via a connecting member to the part protruding from the ground surface of the vertical impermeable construction, the ground side where pressure is reduced and the outside are separated sufficiently airtightly. It becomes possible to do.
In this case, the end portion of the airtight sheet can be reliably connected to the portion protruding upward from the ground surface of the vertical impermeable construction by the surface fastener of the connecting member, and the end portion of the airtight sheet can be Since the space between the vertical water-impervious construction and the part protruding upward from the ground surface can be surely sealed, the airtightness of the gap formed between the airtight structure and the ground surface can be increased, and the pressure can be reduced. It is possible to reliably isolate the gap to be formed from the outside .
In addition, the vertical water-impervious construction made of a material such as high-density polyethylene makes it easy to install an airtight structure because obstacles in the ground do not hinder the placement due to its high hardness.
Furthermore, the vertical water-impervious construction made of a material such as high-density polyethylene is so small that the disturbance of the ground structure at the time of placing is negligible because of the thin material.
As described above, according to the first invention, it is possible to improve the airtightness of the gap between the ground in the improved area and the airtight structure, and it is possible to further reduce the time required for the construction of the atmospheric pressure method.
[0009]
Further, in the first invention, the airtight structure in the atmospheric pressure construction method is characterized in that the improved area is under the surface of the water .
According to the second invention, even when the improved area is below the water surface, the gap formed between the airtight structure and the ground surface of the water bottom can be reliably isolated from the external water. .
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
=== Overview of Atmospheric Pressure Method ===
The airtight structure as one embodiment of the present invention shall be used in bottom mud ground improved by an atmospheric pressure construction method under the surface of water.
[0012]
An outline of an atmospheric pressure method using the airtight structure as the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of a pond having a bottom mud 1 that is being improved by an atmospheric pressure construction method. A vertical drain material 5 is placed on the surface of the bottom mud in the improved area 3 where it is necessary to harden the soft ground, a horizontal drain material 7 and a perforated pipe 9 are laid, and one end of the perforated pipe 9 is connected to the pump 11. Connected to the water inlet.
[0013]
The airtight structure 13 covers the entire plane of the improved area 3, and the side surface along the vertical direction at the end face of the improved area 3 is driven by the vertical impermeable work 13 a around the airtight structure 13 placed in the bottom mud 1. Airtightness is maintained. The airtight structure 13 is mainly composed of a vertical water-impervious work 13a and an airtight sheet 13b, which are connected to each other by, for example, a double-sided adhesive surface fastener 13c and an oil clay 13d shown in FIG. Is held. As described above, the space formed by the airtight structure 13 and the bottom surface 15 is isolated from the water in the pond.
[0014]
The water in the bottom mud that has risen up to the bottom surface 15 due to the capillary phenomenon caused by the vertical drain material 5 flows selectively in one direction of the gap between the airtight structure 13 and the bottom surface 15 by the horizontal drain material 7. And is collected by the perforated tube 9 and sucked up by the pump 11.
[0015]
By continuing the operation of the pump 11, the water in the bottom mud 1 is drained, and this soft ground is reduced in volume and has strength. Further, since the gap is in a reduced pressure state, the airtight structure 13 is brought into close contact with the surface of the improved area 3 to seal the improved area 3, and the state where the strength of the pond bottom is stable continues.
[0016]
=== Configuration of airtight structure ===
The structure of the airtight structure 13 as one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a part of the components of the airtight structure 13 of the present embodiment.
[0017]
In this embodiment, the vertical water-impervious work 13a is made of high-density polyethylene harder than the airtight sheet 13b, and is placed in the bottom mud 1 in order to make the side face along the vertical direction airtight at the end face of the improved area 3. Used. In this case, the vertical water-impervious work 13a is placed in the bottom mud 1 so that the upper end portion protrudes upward from the water bottom ground surface 15 by a predetermined length.
[0018]
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the end of the airtight sheet 13b is the pond bank side of the end of the underwater exposed portion of the vertical impermeable work 13a (the portion protruding upward from the bottom surface 15). As a connecting member, for example, it is connected by a surface fastener 13c of a double-sided adhesive specification, and the end portion of the airtight sheet 13b and the underwater exposed portion of the vertical impermeable construction 13a are provided between them. Sealed with oil clay 13d .
[0019]
The above connecting work may be performed in the water of the pond after the vertical impermeable work 13a is placed around the improved area 3 with a hydraulic jack or the like, and the airtight sheet 13b is laid on the bottom surface 15 of the bottom, After performing in places other than a pond, you may drive in the part of the vertical water-impervious construction 13a with the bottom surface 15 of a pond bottom.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the airtight structure in the atmospheric pressure construction method of the present invention, the airtightness of the gap formed between the ground surface and the airtight structure can be easily increased, and the ground of the vertical impermeable construction The work and time required for the construction work can be done easily and in a short time, such as laying on the ground, laying the air-tight sheet on the ground surface, and connecting the end of the air-tight sheet to the vertical impervious work. This can reduce the cost required for construction.
Furthermore, the end of the hermetic sheet can be reliably connected to the part protruding upward from the ground surface of the vertical impermeable construction by the surface fastener of the connecting member, and the end of the hermetic sheet can be vertically connected with the oil clay. Since it can be surely sealed between the part that projects upward from the ground surface of the impervious construction, the airtightness of the gap formed between the airtight structure and the ground surface can be increased, and the pressure is reduced. It is possible to securely isolate the gap from the outside .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of a pond having bottom mud that is being improved by an atmospheric pressure method.
FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a part of the components of the airtight structure of the present embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
5 Vertical drain material 7 Horizontal drain material 9 Perforated pipe 11 Pump 13 Airtight structure 13a Vertical impermeable construction 13b Airtight sheet 13c Surface fastener 13d Oil clay 15 Surface of the bottom

Claims (2)

改良区域の地盤と、前記改良区域の前記地盤の内部に貫入された鉛直ドレーン材と、前記改良区域の前記地盤の表面に平行に敷設された水平ドレーン材とを気密シートによって覆い、前記改良区域を真空吸引することにより地盤表層の水を排水する大気圧工法に使用される気密構造であって、
前記改良区域の周囲の地盤に、前記気密シートよりも硬い高密度ポリエチレン等の材料からなる鉛直遮水工が、その上端部が前記地盤表面から上方に突出するように打設され、該鉛直遮水工の前記地盤表面から上方に突出している部分に前記気密シートの端部が連接部材を介して気密的に連接され、
前記連接部材は、前記気密シートの端部を前記鉛直遮水工の前記地盤表面から上方に突出している部分に連接する面ファスナと、前記気密シートの端部と前記鉛直遮水工の前記地盤表面から上方に突出している部分との間に設けられて、それらの間をシールする油粘土とを備えていることを特徴とする大気圧工法における気密構造。
The improved area, the vertical drain material penetrating into the ground of the improved area, and the horizontal drain material laid parallel to the surface of the ground of the improved area are covered with an airtight sheet, and the improved area It is an airtight structure used in the atmospheric pressure method of draining ground surface water by vacuum suction,
A vertical water-impervious construction made of a material such as high-density polyethylene, which is harder than the airtight sheet, is placed on the ground around the improved area so that its upper end protrudes upward from the ground surface. The end of the hermetic sheet is hermetically connected via a connecting member to the portion protruding upward from the ground surface of the waterworks,
The connecting member includes a surface fastener that connects an end portion of the hermetic sheet to a portion projecting upward from the ground surface of the vertical impermeable construction, an end portion of the hermetic sheet, and the ground of the vertical impermeable construction An airtight structure in an atmospheric pressure method, comprising an oil clay provided between a portion protruding upward from a surface and sealing between them .
前記改良区域は、水面下にあることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の大気圧工法における気密構造。The airtight structure in the atmospheric pressure method according to claim 1 , wherein the improved area is below the water surface.
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CN103452082A (en) * 2013-08-23 2013-12-18 上海交通大学 Environment-friendly recession port with silt filtering, anti-blocking and high-efficiency drainage functions

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KR100795695B1 (en) 2006-11-24 2008-01-21 김동항 Drainage system for draining surface and sub-surface water in top layer of soft ground and improvement method for top layer of soft ground using the same
CN101270571B (en) * 2007-03-20 2011-02-09 张伯谦 Reinforcing method for layered dead weight, prepressing water discharge concretion combination dynamic consolidation soft ground base

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103452082A (en) * 2013-08-23 2013-12-18 上海交通大学 Environment-friendly recession port with silt filtering, anti-blocking and high-efficiency drainage functions
CN103452082B (en) * 2013-08-23 2015-05-20 上海交通大学 Environment-friendly recession port with silt filtering, anti-blocking and high-efficiency drainage functions

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