JP4095914B2 - Information recording apparatus, information recording method, information recording medium, information reproducing apparatus, and information reproducing method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an information recording apparatus, an information recording method, an information recording medium, an information reproducing apparatus, and an information reproducing method for protecting digital information (file) recorded on a recording medium.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, information such as contents such as software such as application programs, still images, and moving image data is generally distributed and sold in the form of files recorded on a recording medium such as a CD-ROM as the capacity thereof increases. Is.
[0003]
In these recording media, the minimum unit of the area for recording / reproducing a file is different from the minimum unit of data forming the file. Specifically, in a CD (compact disc such as CD-ROM, CD-R / RW, etc.) medium, the minimum unit of the recording / reproducing area is a sector, and the minimum unit of an actually handled file is a byte ( Or a bit).
[0004]
In addition, when a plurality of files are recorded on a recording medium, it is common to record some file management information at the same time in order to easily obtain the location of each file. This file management information includes information such as the location of each file on the medium (hereinafter referred to as address), capacity (hereinafter referred to as size), creation date and time, etc. In this case, the file management information is first used to identify the address and size of the corresponding file on the recording medium, and then the file is read based on the corresponding address on the recording medium to obtain the file entity. Yes.
[0005]
The address where this file exists is generally the minimum unit of a recording / reproducing area on the recording medium (in the CD medium, since the minimum unit is a sector as described above, it will be expressed as a sector for convenience hereinafter). Value. If this is expressed in the minimum unit of information (bytes), the amount of information necessary to indicate the address increases, the number of files that can actually be recorded and managed decreases, and management information This is to simplify the process.
[0006]
A file recorded on such a recording medium is digital data, and is characterized in that quality degradation does not occur even if it is copied to another recording medium. By exploiting this fact, there is a problem that various data and application programs recorded on the CD medium can be illegally copied to an HDD, a CD-R / RW, or the like.
[0007]
In order to prevent this unauthorized copying, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-151867 discloses a physical in which software is written on a recording medium, read from each physical address of the recording medium in the order of logical addresses, and stores logical data and corresponding software data at the time of execution. A correspondence program with addresses and a check program for preventing unauthorized use are added to the software and recorded in the original. Before executing the software, the actual correspondence between logical addresses and physical addresses is obtained by the check program and added to the software. Compared with the corresponding relationship, fraud is detected, and the medium ID is recorded in the normal sector of the original, and the original medium ID and a check program for preventing unauthorized use are added to the original software. Record and replace medium ID recording sector as defective sector in normal mode Access to the sector of the medium ID recording in the maintenance mode, and when executing the software, the check program reads the data from the sector of the medium ID recording in the maintenance mode and matches the original medium ID added to the software To prevent unauthorized copying.
[0008]
Patent Document 2 includes a dummy file from which at least a part of the synchronization signal is removed, a file information recording area for storing dummy file information, an area other than the file information recording area for storing dummy file information, and an application. It describes that the existence and size of the file are checked at the time of startup, and the actual size of the existing file matches the file size to prevent unauthorized copying.
[0009]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-7-262001 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-266478
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Several means for preventing unauthorized copying as described above have been devised. As described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, recording of a medium ID in a normal sector of a recording medium or a dummy file is performed. Information is stored, and a part (sector) of the information recording area is used for this purpose. As described above, software such as a program recorded on a recording medium and contents such as image data require a large number of recording areas as the capacity thereof increases, so that absolute values thereof are determined. It is necessary to effectively use the area of the recording medium.
[0011]
The present invention is directed to solving the above-described problems of the prior art, and prevents unauthorized copying and records predetermined data used to determine this by effectively utilizing the free area of the recording medium, An object of the present invention is to provide an information recording apparatus, an information recording method, an information recording medium, an information reproducing apparatus, and an information reproducing method for reproducing the information.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve this object, the information recording apparatus, the information recording method, the information recording medium, the information reproducing apparatus, and the information reproducing method according to claims 1 and 3 of the present invention include Recording a file in an area of the recording medium that uses a format in which the minimum unit of the file recording / playback is larger than the minimum unit of data, and at least the location of the file recorded in the area on the recording medium And file management information including the capacity of the recorded file, and predetermined data used for determining unauthorized copying in the remaining area within the area reserved for recording the file and the file management information. Can record the specified data according to the remaining capacity of the remaining area in the area where the file entity is recorded. The file recording area is not used, and unauthorized copying can be prevented.
[0013]
The information recording apparatus and method according to claims 2 and 4 are the information recording apparatus and method according to claims 1 and 3 , respectively, when there is no remaining area for recording predetermined data in the area where the file is recorded. By recording in this area, it is possible to record predetermined data corresponding to the remaining area in the area where the file is recorded.
[0014]
Further, the information recording medium according to claim 5 includes a file in an area of a recording medium that uses a format in which a minimum unit for recording / reproducing a file on the recording medium is larger than a minimum unit of data, The location on the recording medium of the file recorded in the area, the file management information including the capacity of the recorded file, and the remaining area in the area reserved for recording the file entity consisting of the file and management information is invalid. By recording the predetermined data used for the copy determination, the size of the predetermined data can be changed according to the remaining capacity value in the area where the file is recorded, the area used for recording the file is not used, and Unauthorized copying of recorded files can be prevented.
[0015]
An information reproducing apparatus and method according to claims 6 and 7 are the information reproducing apparatus and method for reading a file recorded on the information recording medium according to claim 5 , wherein the predetermined data used for the determination of unauthorized copying By means of a configuration comprising a means for reading out a file and a means for processing whether or not the read-out predetermined data is possible, it is possible to prevent unauthorized use of the file recorded on the recording medium.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an optical disc drive apparatus (hereinafter referred to as a drive apparatus) which is an information recording / reproducing apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0017]
An optical disk is used as a recording medium for recording / reproducing a large amount of information (file). Here, an outline of the optical disc and the drive configuration will be described with reference to FIG. As general optical disks, CD-R and CD-E disks are recordable CD (compact disk) media. The former CD-R (CD recordable) is a CD medium that can be written only once (also referred to as CD-Write Once). The latter CD-E (CD erasable) is a CD medium that can be written a plurality of times (CD-RW: also called CD rewritable). Information (files) is recorded and reproduced on these CD-R / RW discs, that is, optical discs, by a drive device as shown in FIG.
[0018]
1, 1 is an optical disk, 2 is a spindle motor, 3 is an optical pickup, 4 is a motor driver, 5 is a read amplifier, 6 is a servo means, 7 is a CD decoder, 8 is an ATIP decoder, and 9 is a laser controller. 10 is a CD encoder, 11 is a CD-ROM encoder, 12 is a buffer RAM, 13 is a buffer manager, 14 is a CD-ROM decoder, 15 is an ATAPI / SCSI interface, 16 is a D / A converter, 17 is a ROM, 18 is a ROM Reference numeral 19 denotes a RAM, LB is a laser beam, and Audio is an audio output signal.
[0019]
In addition, the arrows shown in FIG. 1 indicate the direction in which data mainly flows. In order to simplify the notation of FIG. 1, the CPU 18 that controls each block is provided with only a thick line and the connection with each block is omitted. ing. The ROM 17 stores a control program written in a code readable by the CPU 18. When the drive device is turned on, the program is loaded into a main memory (not shown), and the CPU 18 controls the operation of each unit according to the program and temporarily stores data necessary for the control in the RAM 19.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 1, as an operation of the drive device, the optical disc 1 is rotationally driven by a spindle motor 2. The spindle motor 2 is controlled by the motor driver 4 and the servo means 5 so that the linear velocity is constant. This linear velocity can be changed stepwise. The optical pickup 3 includes a semiconductor laser, an optical system, a focus actuator, a track actuator, a light receiving element, and a position sensor (not shown), and irradiates the optical disc 1 with a laser beam LB. The optical pickup 3 can be moved in the sledge direction by a seek motor. These focus actuator, track actuator, and seek motor are positioned at a target location on the optical disk 1 by the motor driver 4 and servo means 5 based on signals obtained from the light receiving element and the position sensor. To be controlled.
[0021]
At the time of reproduction, a reproduction signal obtained by the optical pickup 3 is amplified by the read amplifier 5 and binarized, and then input to the CD decoder 7. The input binarized data is demodulated by EFM (Eight to Fourteen Modulation) in the CD decoder 7. Note that the recording data is EFM modulated by collecting 8 bits at a time. In this EFM modulation, 8 bits are converted to 14 bits, and 3 bits are added to form a combined bit to make a total of 17 bits. In this case, the combined bits are attached so that the number of previous “1” s and “0” s are equal on average. This is called “DC component suppression”, and the slice level fluctuation of the DC-cut reproduction signal is suppressed.
[0022]
The demodulated data is subjected to deinterleaving and error correction. Thereafter, this data is input to the CD-ROM decoder 14, and further error correction processing is performed in order to improve the reliability of the data. The data that has been subjected to the error correction processing twice as described above is temporarily stored in the buffer RAM 12 by the buffer manager 13 and is arranged as sector data to the host computer (not shown) via the ATAPI / SCSI interface 15. It is transferred at a stretch. In the case of music data, the data output from the CD decoder 7 is input to the D / A converter 16 and extracted as an analog audio output signal Audio.
[0023]
At the time of recording, the data sent from the host computer through the ATAPI / SCSI interface 15 is temporarily stored in the buffer RAM 12 by the buffer manager 13. Then, the recording operation is started with a certain amount of data accumulated in the buffer RAM 12. In this case, it is necessary to position the laser spot at the writing start point before that. This point is obtained by a wobble signal preliminarily carved on the optical disc 1 by meandering tracks.
[0024]
The wobble signal includes absolute time information called ATIP (Absolute Time In Pre-groove), and this information is extracted by the ATIP decoder 8. The synchronization signal generated by the ATIP decoder 8 is input to the CD encoder 10 so that data can be written at an accurate position on the optical disc 1. Data in the buffer RAM 12 is added to the error correction code and interleaved by the CD-ROM encoder 11 and the CD encoder 10, and is recorded on the optical disk 1 via the laser controller 9 and the optical pickup 3.
[0025]
The EFM modulated data drives the laser as a bit stream at a channel bit rate of 4.3218 Mbps (standard speed). The recording data in this case constitutes an EFM frame in units of 588 channel bits. The channel clock means a clock having a frequency of this channel bit. The above is the outline of the configuration and operation of the drive apparatus of FIG.
[0026]
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an information processing apparatus using this drive device. The information processing apparatus includes a main control device (CPU) 20, an interface 21, a recording device (HDD; hard disk drive) 22, a display device 23, an input device 24, and the like. The main controller 20 includes a microcomputer, a main memory (not shown), and the like, and controls the entire information processing apparatus.
[0027]
The interface 21 is a bidirectional communication interface with the drive device, and conforms to standard interfaces such as ATAPI and SCSI. The interface 21 is connected to the interface 15 of the drive device. The connection form between the interfaces may be not only a cable connection using a communication line such as a communication cable (for example, a SCSI cable) but also a wireless connection using infrared rays.
[0028]
The recording device (HDD) 22 stores a program written in a code readable by the microcomputer of the main controller 20. When the drive power supply of the information processing apparatus is turned on, the program is loaded into the main memory of the main controller 20.
[0029]
The display device 23 includes a display unit (not shown) such as a CRT, a liquid crystal display (LCD), and a plasma display panel (PDP), and displays various information from the main control device 20.
[0030]
The input device 24 includes at least one input medium (not shown) of, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, and a pointing device, and notifies the main control device 20 of various information input by the user. Note that information from the input medium may be input in a wireless manner. Further, as an integrated display device 23 and input device 24, for example, there is a CRT with a touch panel.
[0031]
The information processing apparatus is equipped with an operating system (hereinafter referred to as OS). All devices constituting the information processing apparatus are managed by the OS.
[0032]
FIG. 3 shows the format of an optical disk (CD medium) that is a recording medium used in the drive device connected to the information processing apparatus described above, and sector numbers are given in order from sector 0 as shown in FIG. This sector number is used as an address of a recorded file. In general, the number of data per sector is 2048 bytes in a CD medium. FIG. 4 is an example of an ISO9660 file system layout often used for CD media as file management information. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 25 denotes a series of file groups (hereinafter referred to as volumes) recorded on the disc. ) Is recorded PVD (Primary Volume Descriptor). Here, the PT and the address of the root directory, which will be described later, are also recorded.
[0033]
4, 26 is a TD (Terminate Descriptor) indicating the end of the PVD 25, 27 is a PT (Path Table) of a table in which all directory information (directory name, address, parent directory, etc.) in the volume is arranged, and 28 is each DR a file or directory information is included in the directory (name, address, file size, etc.) is recorded (directory record), 29 is an FE (file Extent) the entity of the file is recorded.
[0034]
Usually, after the CD medium is loaded in the drive device, the volume is read sequentially from the PVD 25. Next, PT 27 is read from the address information recorded in PVD 25. Thereafter, the directory containing the file to be accessed is searched from the read PT 27, the DR 28 is read from the address information of the DR 28 recorded in the PT 27, and the FE 29 is read from the address information recorded in the DR 28.
[0035]
Next, a method of recording and reproducing information in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of file arrangement on a CD medium to which the information recording method of the present embodiment is applied. The file management information is recorded from the head of the sector m to be recorded, followed by the file entity 30 recorded in the area of the FE 29 shown in FIG. 4, and then the predetermined data 31 is recorded as medium verification information. .
[0036]
In the present embodiment, in the sector of the CD medium on which the file entity 30 is recorded by the recording means to the CD medium, the predetermined data 31 is set to a free size that is the difference between the size of the file and the recordable size of the sector. Record. For example, when one sector is 2048 bytes, the size of the file to be recorded is 3800 bytes, and the size of the predetermined data is 50 bytes, 50 bytes of the predetermined data are recorded in the remaining 296 bytes of the sector where the file is recorded. . As described above, the predetermined data 31 is recorded in the empty area of the sector after the file entity is recorded, and the recording of the predetermined data used for the unauthorized copy determination is performed without using the sector for recording the file entity. It can be performed.
[0037]
A method of reproducing information of the recorded file as shown in FIG. 5 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, when a file read process is executed (S1), the address and size of the file entity 30 are confirmed from the file management information (S2). Predetermined data 31 recorded after the file entity 30 is read from the information thus obtained (S3). It is confirmed whether or not the read predetermined data 31 is correct (S4). If the data cannot be read correctly (No in process S4), the process of reading the file entity 30 is stopped (S5). If it is correct (Yes in process S4), the file entity 30 is read and the process is started (S6).
[0038]
From the above, the constant data 31 where it was read by the reading means, when the files recorded on the CD medium or legitimate, to determine what is illegally copied, it is determined to have been illegally copied Can prevent unauthorized copying by means of prohibiting the reading process of the file. Incidentally, stored in the constant data at the aforementioned recording to free space sector, also to determine whether reading the Jo Tokoro data, each means for performing whether to read execution, in a ROM or the like of the information recording or information apparatus for reproducing This is performed by the CPU according to the control program.
[0039]
Next, the information recording method according to the first embodiment of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b). Assuming that there is no limit on the size of the predetermined data 31 added after the file entity 30, depending on the size of the file entity 30 and the size of the predetermined data 31, as shown in FIG. The size of the sector area (m, m + 1) reserved for recording the entity 30 is exceeded.
[0040]
For example, when one sector is 2048 bytes, the file size is 4050 bytes, and the predetermined data size is 50 bytes, the size of the area (mm + 1) used for recording on the CD medium is 4100 bytes, and these are recorded. Therefore, an area for 3 sectors is required. In the file management information, the size of this file is 4050 bytes, and it is determined that the file has been recorded in two sectors, resulting in inconsistency with the file to be recorded next. Therefore, in the information recording method according to the first embodiment, the size of the predetermined data 31 is determined by the difference between the size of the file entity 30 and the size of the sector area necessary for recording the file entity 30. That is, by recording the predetermined data 31 'as a size of 50 bytes to 46 bytes, it is possible to record in two sectors.
[0041]
As a result, the arrangement of the file entity 30 and the predetermined data 31 ′ is as shown in FIG. 7B, and it is prevented that the size of the sector area secured based on the file size is exceeded. Further, without inconsistency in the file management information, it is possible to prevent unauthorized copying of the file by referring to the predetermined data 31 ′ as described above.
[0042]
Further, as Example 2 in the present embodiment, in the information recording method described in Example 1 described above, the size of the file entity 30 is equal to the size of the sector area reserved for recording this. In addition, there is no remaining free area in the reserved sector area (see FIG. 8A), and the predetermined data 31 cannot be recorded. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8B, the sector area in which the next file entity 30 ′ is recorded is moved (as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the start of file management information). The sector of the address (arrow B) is changed from m + 2 to m + 3), and predetermined data 31 is recorded in this sector. The sector in which the predetermined data 31 is recorded at this time is handled in the same way as the processing of the conventional defective sector so that it is not referred to during normal file writing or reading.
[0043]
In addition, by recording the file entity and predetermined data on the CD medium using the information recording method described in this embodiment, the area for recording the file on the CD medium can be used effectively, and the file is illegally used. A CD medium that prevents this can be obtained.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, predetermined data for specifying a file is recorded in a free area in the area where the entity of the file is recorded, and an area of the CD medium used for recording the file is secured, and There is an effect that unauthorized copying can be prevented using predetermined data.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a drive device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an information processing device using the drive device. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a format of a CD medium used in the apparatus. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of an ISO9660 file system layout used as CD management information as file management information. FIG. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing file information reproduction processing according to the present embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a pre-execution in a file arrangement example of a CD medium recorded with information according to Example 1 of the present embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing (a) and post-execution (b). FIG. 8 is a diagram of a CD medium recorded with information according to Example 2 of the present embodiment. Figure [EXPLANATION OF SYMBOLS] indicating the previous execution in the arrangement example (a) and after the execution (b)
1 Optical disc
3 optical pickup 17 ROM
18 CPU
19 RAM
30 File entity 31 Predetermined data

Claims (7)

Means for recording the file in an area of the recording medium that uses a format in which the minimum unit of the area for recording / reproducing the file on the recording medium is larger than the minimum unit of data;
Means for recording file management information including at least a location on a recording medium of a file recorded in the area and a capacity of the recorded file;
Means for recording predetermined data used for determination of unauthorized copying in a remaining area in an area reserved for recording the file and the entity of the management information , and the predetermined data is stored in the area where the file is recorded. An information recording apparatus characterized in that the recording size can be changed in accordance with the remaining capacity value . 2. The information recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined data is recorded in the next area when there is no remaining area to be recorded in the area where the file is recorded. A step of recording the file in an area of a recording medium that uses a format in which a minimum unit of an area for recording and reproducing a file on the recording medium is larger than a minimum unit of data;
Recording file management information including at least a location on the recording medium of the file recorded in the area and a capacity of the recorded file;
Recording predetermined data used for determination of unauthorized copying in a remaining area in an area reserved for recording the file and the entity of the management information, and recording the predetermined data, information recording how to characterized in that a changeable size to be recorded in accordance with the remaining capacity value of the recorded area the. Said predetermined data predetermined data in the process of recording, when there is no remaining area to be recorded in the area for recording file information recording method according to claim 3, wherein the recording child to the next region. In the area of the recording medium that uses a format in which the minimum unit for recording / reproducing a file on the recording medium is larger than the minimum unit of data, the file and the location on the recording medium of the file recorded in the area are at least And file management information including the capacity of the recorded file, and predetermined data used for determination of unauthorized copying in the remaining area in the area reserved for recording the file entity consisting of the file and the management information and, wherein the predetermined data, information recording medium you characterized in that it is possible to resize to record in accordance with the remaining capacity value in the recording areas of the file. 6. An information reproducing apparatus for reading a file recorded on an information recording medium according to claim 5, wherein said file is read in response to means for reading predetermined data used for determination of illegal copying, and whether the read predetermined data is acceptable or not. information reproducing apparatus you comprising the means for processing the read permission. An information reproducing method for reading according to claim 5, wherein the information recording medium recorded files, the step of reading a predetermined data used for the determination of unauthorized copying in accordance with the determination of the read whether the predetermined data, wherein information reproducing method characterized by a step of processing the read permission file.

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