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JP3933653B2 - Surface treatment method of discharge electrode machining surface for electric discharge machine - Google Patents

Surface treatment method of discharge electrode machining surface for electric discharge machine Download PDF

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JP3933653B2
JP3933653B2 JP2004230728A JP2004230728A JP3933653B2 JP 3933653 B2 JP3933653 B2 JP 3933653B2 JP 2004230728 A JP2004230728 A JP 2004230728A JP 2004230728 A JP2004230728 A JP 2004230728A JP 3933653 B2 JP3933653 B2 JP 3933653B2
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discharge electrode
discharge
treatment method
surface treatment
compressed air
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JP2006043841A (en
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信一 渡辺
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プラストロン株式会社
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Description

本発明は、各種金型等や金属加工製品の製作において、複雑な彫りこみ加工の必要がある場合に用いられる加工法の一つとして適用される形彫り放電加工用の放電電極の製作方法、さらに詳しくいえば、良質な金型などの放電加工面を得るため、放電電極を所定の形状に加工した後、該加工表面を処理する方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a discharge electrode for die-sinking electric discharge machining applied as one of the processing methods used when complex engraving is required in the production of various molds and metal processed products. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for processing a processed surface of a discharge electrode after processing the discharge electrode into a predetermined shape in order to obtain an electric discharge processed surface such as a high-quality mold.

放電電極を機械切削などで加工した後は問題を残したままそのまま使用するか、または問題解決のために加工形状を崩さないよう注意しながら手作業による仕上げを行っていた。しかしながら、放電電極は例えば幅が5mm,高さが1mmなど、非常に小さい形状(微細形状)のものがあるため、このような場合には手作業には限界があった。
また、同一形状の放電電極を大量に製作しなければならない場合には、個々のバラツキや加工する人による個人差が生じるという問題があった。さらに放電電極製作に著しく時間を要したり、放電加工面の品質に大きな影響を与えるなどの問題も生じていた。また、放電電極を被加工物に近づけた際に、表面に存在する機械加工による不必要な突起より異常な放電が生ずる場合がある。
After machining the discharge electrode by mechanical cutting or the like, it was used as it was without problems, or was finished by hand while taking care not to break the machining shape in order to solve the problems. However, since there are discharge electrodes having a very small shape (fine shape) such as a width of 5 mm and a height of 1 mm, manual operation is limited in such a case.
In addition, when a large number of discharge electrodes having the same shape must be manufactured, there is a problem that individual variations and individual differences due to the person to process occur. In addition, problems such as the time required for manufacturing the discharge electrode and a great influence on the quality of the electric discharge machining surface have occurred. Further, when the discharge electrode is brought close to the workpiece, abnormal discharge may occur due to unnecessary protrusions caused by machining existing on the surface.

放電電極の1つの形状の例が特許文献1に開示されている。
これは、放電加工用電極を金型素材等のワークに対向して複数の部分電極によって構成されたものである。各部分電極は機械加工などにより製作され、各部分電極を一体に集結してワークに成形する形状と同一形状に形成されている。
特開平5−92324号公報
An example of one shape of the discharge electrode is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
In this case, the electric discharge machining electrode is constituted by a plurality of partial electrodes facing a workpiece such as a mold material. Each partial electrode is manufactured by machining or the like, and is formed in the same shape as the shape in which the partial electrodes are assembled together and formed into a workpiece.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-92324

上記のような放電電極の製作において、種々の加工法が存在するが、機械加工(切削・研削)では端面のバリやツールマーク内のカエリなど、放電加工(形彫り・ワイヤー)では加工変質層等の問題が発生する。また、銅・タングステン電極などでは加工された表面に脱落しやすい状態でタングステンの結晶が存在する。これらは被加工物の精度を低下させたり、異常放電の原因になって被加工物の品質を悪くしたりする。   There are various processing methods in the production of the discharge electrode as described above. In machining (cutting / grinding), burrs on the end face and burrs in tool marks, etc., alteration layer in EDM (shaving / wire), etc. Problems occur. Further, in the case of a copper / tungsten electrode or the like, tungsten crystals exist on the processed surface in a state where they are easily dropped. These deteriorate the accuracy of the workpiece, or cause abnormal discharge and deteriorate the quality of the workpiece.

本発明の目的は、被加工物表面への異常放電を防止しツールマークの転写を防ぐことができる放電電極の表面の処理方法を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating the surface of a discharge electrode that can prevent abnormal discharge to the surface of a workpiece and prevent transfer of a tool mark.

前記目的を達成するために本発明による放電加工機用放電電極加工面の表面処理法は、ガラス,金属,水晶,大理石などの単一材料またはこれら単一材料の混合材料からなる10μm〜70μmの粒子を0.1bar〜1.0barの圧縮空気に混合し
該圧縮空気を、加工された形状の放電電極に吹き付けることにより、該放電電極に存在するコーナーやツールマーク内のカエリを除去するとともに前記放電電極表面に放電開始のスパーク点を増加させるために凹凸面を均一化させることを特徴とする。
また、前記構成において、前記圧縮空気に混合される粒子の硬度は、前記放電電極の材質より大であることを特徴とする。
Surface treatment how EDM machine discharge electrode machined surface according to the invention in order to achieve the object, glass, metal, quartz, made of a single material or a mixed material of these single materials, such as marble 10μm~ mixed 70μm particles in the compressed air 0.1Bar~1.0Bar,
The compressed air is blown onto the discharge electrode having a processed shape, thereby removing burrs in corners and tool marks existing in the discharge electrode and increasing the spark point of the discharge start on the discharge electrode surface. The surface is made uniform .
Further, in the above configuration, the hardness of the particles mixed with the compressed air is larger than the material of the discharge electrode.

上記構成によれば、被加工物表面への異常放電を防止しツールマークの転写を防ぐことができるため、手作業ではなし得なかった複雑な加工形状の放電電極を実現でき、しかも大量に製作される放電電極の表面を確実に且つ、短時間で処理することができる。   According to the above configuration, abnormal discharge to the surface of the workpiece can be prevented and transfer of the tool mark can be prevented, so that it is possible to realize a discharge electrode with a complicated machining shape that could not be done manually, and to manufacture in large quantities The surface of the discharge electrode to be processed can be reliably processed in a short time.

以下、図面を参照して本発明を詳しく説明する。
図1は、本発明による放電加工機用放電電極加工面の表面処理方法を説明するための図である。
放電電極1は図1(a)に示すように切削により矩形状に加工されている。切削加工時にコーナー部分にカエリ3が発生しやすい。金型などを放電加工で製造する場合、このカエリ3部分が異常放電することとなり、金型の対応部分が異常に削られることとなる。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a surface treatment method of a discharge electrode machining surface for an electric discharge machine according to the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1A, the discharge electrode 1 is processed into a rectangular shape by cutting. A crack 3 is likely to occur at the corner during cutting. When a mold or the like is manufactured by electric discharge machining, the burrs 3 are abnormally discharged, and the corresponding parts of the mold are abnormally cut.

図1(b)はガラス,金属,水晶または大理石の単一材料またはこれら単一材料を混ぜ合わせた混合材料の10μm〜70μmの粒子5を含んだ0.1bar〜1.0barの圧縮空気を吹付用ノズル4で放電電極1に対し、斜め方向から吹き付けている状態を示している。このように単一材料または混合材料の粒子を含む圧縮空気の吹き付けにより、カエリ3の部分を取り除いている。放電電極1の面に対しても斜め方向から吹き付け、ツールマークを除去し微細な凹凸面を生成する。
使用される放電電極の材料は、銅,銅タングステン,カーボンなどが用いられる。これら放電電極材料はガラス、水晶または大理石より硬度が小さい。また、圧縮空気に混ぜ合わせる粒子が金属の場合も放電電極の材料である銅,タングステン,カーボンより硬度の大きいものが使用される。
FIG. 1 (b) sprays a compressed air of 0.1 bar to 1.0 bar containing 10 μm to 70 μm particles 5 of a single material of glass, metal, quartz or marble or a mixed material obtained by mixing these single materials. The state which is spraying from the diagonal direction with respect to the discharge electrode 1 with the nozzle 4 is shown. Thus, the portion of the burrs 3 is removed by spraying compressed air containing particles of a single material or a mixed material. The surface of the discharge electrode 1 is also sprayed from an oblique direction to remove the tool mark and generate a fine uneven surface.
The material of the discharge electrode used is copper, copper tungsten, carbon or the like. These discharge electrode materials are less hard than glass, quartz or marble. Also, when the particles mixed with the compressed air are metal, those having a hardness higher than that of copper, tungsten, or carbon, which are materials of the discharge electrode, are used.

図2は、本発明による放電加工機用放電電極加工面の表面処理方法において、放電電極の加工面のツールマークのカエリによる異常放電を説明するための図である。
カエリはコーナー部だけでなく、放電電極7の面上にもツールマークによるカエリ8が形成される(図2(a))。図2(b)にはツールマークにより発生したコーナー部のカエリによる異常放電の状態を示している。被加工物9は放電電極7の矩形状と相補的な形状に削り取られるが、特にコーナー部分のカエリにより被加工物9のコーナー部分が深くえぐり取られる。
FIG. 2 is a view for explaining abnormal discharge due to tool mark burrs on the discharge electrode machining surface in the surface treatment method for a discharge electrode machining surface for an electric discharge machine according to the present invention.
The burrs 8 are formed not only at the corner portions but also on the surface of the discharge electrode 7 by tool marks (FIG. 2A). FIG. 2 (b) shows the state of abnormal discharge due to the burrs at the corners generated by the tool marks. The workpiece 9 is cut into a shape complementary to the rectangular shape of the discharge electrode 7, but the corner portion of the workpiece 9 is deeply cut away by the burrs at the corner portion.

図3は、本発明による表面処理方法によって、放電電極の表面のツールマーク内のカエリを除去し凹凸面を均一化する過程を示す図である。
ノズル12からはガラス,大理石13を混ぜた10μm〜70μmの粒子を含んだ0.1bar〜1.0barの圧縮空気が噴出している。放電電極11の上面に対し、斜め方向から吹き付け、ノズル先端から放電電極11の加工面までは、ノズル径の5倍から10倍程度の距離である。このように圧縮空気を吹き付けると放電電極11の加工面のツールマークのカエリ14は除去され、均一化した凹凸面が形成される。この凹凸は非常に細かいスパンで形成され、面からの突出量が小さく、かつ切削加工時の凹凸数に比較し非常に多くなっている。
FIG. 3 is a view showing a process of removing the burrs in the tool marks on the surface of the discharge electrode and making the uneven surface uniform by the surface treatment method according to the present invention.
Compressed air of 0.1 bar to 1.0 bar containing particles of 10 μm to 70 μm mixed with glass and marble 13 is ejected from the nozzle 12. The distance from the tip of the nozzle to the processed surface of the discharge electrode 11 is about 5 to 10 times the nozzle diameter. When compressed air is blown in this way, tool mark burrs 14 on the processed surface of the discharge electrode 11 are removed, and a uniform uneven surface is formed. These irregularities are formed with very fine spans, have a small amount of protrusion from the surface, and are very large compared to the number of irregularities during cutting.

このように表面処理された放電電極11を被加工物に近づけて放電加工すると、非常に小さいスパンで細かい多数の放電が生じるため、被加工物の加工面が精密に成形される。   When electric discharge machining is performed with the discharge electrode 11 thus surface-treated close to the workpiece, a large number of fine electric discharges are generated in a very small span, so that the machining surface of the workpiece is precisely formed.

図4は、本発明による表面処理方法で用いられるノズルの構造の一例を示す部分断面図である。
吹付剤容器29には10μm〜70μmの吹付剤となる粒子21が蓄積されている。この吹付剤容器29に入れる粒子の材料はガラス,金属,水晶,大理石などの単一物である。これら材料の混合物を蓄積しても良い。空気導入ライン38に圧縮空気22を送り込むことにより、円錐形状の頂点付近の吹付剤をコンベイライン23に導入することができる。コンベイライン23はコンベイライン取付部25a,コンベイライン接続部25によってノズル部24に接続されている。一方、圧縮空気を送り込む吹付ライン27は吹付ライン取付部24aによってノズル部24に接続されている。コンベイライン接続部25に達した吹付剤は、吹付ライン27からの圧縮空気(0.1bar〜1.0bar)の導入によりノズル部24内に引き出され、ノズル開口部28より噴射する。圧縮空気の圧力は圧力調整弁26により調整することができる。
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of a nozzle used in the surface treatment method according to the present invention.
In the spray agent container 29, particles 21 serving as a spray agent of 10 μm to 70 μm are accumulated. The material of the particles put into the spray agent container 29 is a single material such as glass, metal, crystal, or marble. A mixture of these materials may be accumulated. By sending the compressed air 22 into the air introduction line 38, the spraying agent near the apex of the conical shape can be introduced into the conveyor line 23. The conveyor line 23 is connected to the nozzle part 24 by a conveyor line mounting part 25 a and a conveyor line connection part 25. On the other hand, the blowing line 27 for feeding the compressed air is connected to the nozzle portion 24 by a blowing line mounting portion 24a. The spray agent that has reached the conveyor line connection portion 25 is drawn into the nozzle portion 24 by the introduction of compressed air (0.1 bar to 1.0 bar) from the spray line 27, and is sprayed from the nozzle opening portion 28. The pressure of the compressed air can be adjusted by the pressure adjustment valve 26.

図5は、本発明による表面処理方法により放電電極の表面が処理された状態を説明するための中間階調の画像で、(a)は放電電極を機械加工した後の状態を、(b)は本発明による表面処理方法を施した状態を示している。
機械切削加工により製造された放電電極は例えば、長さ方向は6mm,2つの突出部の突出量は1mmであり、拡大された放電電極の表面には筋状のツールマークが表れている。
本発明による表面処理方法により、図5(b)に示すように放電電極の表面は均一凹凸面となり、コーナー部のカエリが削除される。同じ位置に対する噴射する時間は例えば3秒から7秒程度である。
FIG. 5 is a halftone image for explaining a state in which the surface of the discharge electrode has been treated by the surface treatment method according to the present invention. FIG. 5A shows a state after machining the discharge electrode, and FIG. Shows a state where the surface treatment method according to the present invention is applied.
For example, the discharge electrode manufactured by mechanical cutting has a length direction of 6 mm and the protrusion amount of the two protrusions is 1 mm, and a streak-like tool mark appears on the surface of the enlarged discharge electrode.
By the surface treatment method according to the present invention, the surface of the discharge electrode becomes a uniform uneven surface as shown in FIG. The ejection time for the same position is, for example, about 3 to 7 seconds.

図6は、放電電極を機械加工した後と、その後に本発明による表面処理方法を施した放電電極表面の一例を説明するための中間階調の画像を示す図である。
矩形状の拡大された放電電極の加工面には年輪状のツールマークが刻まれている。本発明による表面処理方法により年輪状のツールマークが削除され、細かい凹凸面が形成されていることが理解できる。
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing intermediate grayscale images for explaining an example of the surface of the discharge electrode after the discharge electrode is machined and after the surface treatment method according to the present invention.
A ring-shaped tool mark is engraved on the processed surface of the enlarged rectangular discharge electrode. It can be understood that the ring-shaped tool mark is deleted by the surface treatment method according to the present invention, and a fine uneven surface is formed.

図7は、放電電極の形状を加工した後と、その後に本発明による表面処理方法を施した放電電極表面の他の例を説明するための中間階調の画像を示す図である。
突堤形状を有する放電電極の例であり、突堤の面には筋状のツールマークが明瞭に刻まれている。本発明による表面処理方法により突堤の付け根部分などの部分も含め、放電電極の全面にわたって細かい凹凸面が形成される。
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing intermediate grayscale images for explaining another example of the surface of the discharge electrode after the shape of the discharge electrode is processed and after that the surface treatment method according to the present invention is applied.
This is an example of a discharge electrode having a jetty shape, and a streaky tool mark is clearly carved on the surface of the jetty. By the surface treatment method according to the present invention, a fine uneven surface is formed over the entire surface of the discharge electrode including the base portion of the jetty.

図8は、放電電極の形状を加工した後と、その後に本発明による表面処理方法を施した放電電極表面のさらに他の例を説明するための中間階調の画像を示す図である。
突堤形状を有する放電電極の例であり、放電電極の上面に年輪状のツールマークが明瞭に刻まれている。本発明による表面処理方法により放電電極の上面は勿論、突堤部分なども含め、放電電極の全面にわたって細かい凹凸面が形成される。
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing intermediate grayscale images for explaining still another example of the surface of the discharge electrode after the shape of the discharge electrode is processed and after that the surface treatment method according to the present invention is applied.
This is an example of a discharge electrode having a jetty shape, and an annual ring-shaped tool mark is clearly carved on the upper surface of the discharge electrode. By the surface treatment method according to the present invention, fine uneven surfaces are formed not only on the upper surface of the discharge electrode but also on the entire surface of the discharge electrode including the jetty portion.

精密放電電極を機械加工すれば、機械加工面に微細バリが発生し、放電加工精度を左右する。本発明によればバリ除去作業を容易にし、しかもエッジを傷めない。また、ツールマークの転写を少なくでき放電加工面の品質を向上させることができる。
本発明は粒子の大きさを10μm〜70μmとしたが、実際には形状が小さい放電電極を表面処理する場合には10μm以下の粒子を用いる場合があり、5μm程度までの粒子を使用してもよい。また、70μm以上の粒子を含んでもよいが、実際に使用できる粒子の大きさは100μm程度である。被加工品が、どの程度の精度を要求されるかによっても異なるが、用いられる最大の粒子は100μm以下である。最も好ましい粒子の大きさは、上述のように10μm〜70μの範囲内である。
If the precision electrical discharge electrode is machined, fine burrs are generated on the machined surface, which affects the electrical discharge machining accuracy. According to the present invention, the deburring operation is facilitated and the edges are not damaged. Further, the transfer of the tool mark can be reduced, and the quality of the electric discharge machined surface can be improved.
In the present invention, the particle size is set to 10 μm to 70 μm. However, in actuality, when a discharge electrode having a small shape is subjected to surface treatment, a particle of 10 μm or less may be used, and even a particle of up to about 5 μm may be used. Good. Further, although particles of 70 μm or more may be included, the size of particles that can actually be used is about 100 μm. The maximum particle used is 100 μm or less, although it depends on the degree of accuracy required for the workpiece. The most preferable particle size is in the range of 10 μm to 70 μm as described above.

各種金型等や金属加工製品の製作において、複雑な彫りこみ加工の必要がある場合に用いられる加工法の一つである形彫り放電加工用の放電電極の表面の処理方法である。   This is a method for treating the surface of a discharge electrode for die-sinking electric discharge machining, which is one of the machining methods used when complex engraving is required in the production of various molds and metal processed products.

本発明による放電加工機用放電電極加工面の表面処理方法を説明するための図で、放電電極のコーナー部のカエリを除去する過程を示す図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the surface treatment method of the discharge electrode processing surface for electric discharge machines by this invention, and is a figure which shows the process of removing the crack of the corner part of a discharge electrode. 本発明による放電加工機用放電電極加工面の表面処理方法において、放電電極の表面のツールマーク内のカエリによる異常放電を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the abnormal discharge by the burrs in the tool mark of the surface of a discharge electrode in the surface treatment method of the discharge electrode processing surface for electric discharge machines by this invention. 本発明による放電加工機用放電電極加工面の表面処理方法を説明するための図で、放電電極の表面のツールマーク内のカエリを除去し凹凸面を均一化する過程を示す図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the surface treatment method of the discharge electrode processing surface for electric discharge machines by this invention, and is a figure which shows the process in which the crack in the tool mark of the surface of a discharge electrode is removed, and an uneven surface is made uniform. 本発明による表面処理方法で用いられるノズルの構造の一例を示す部分断面図である。It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows an example of the structure of the nozzle used with the surface treatment method by this invention. 本発明による表面処理方法により放電電極の表面が処理された状態を説明するための中間階調の画像で、(a)は放電電極を機械加工した後の状態を、(b)は本発明による表面処理方法を施した状態を示している。FIG. 2 is an intermediate gradation image for explaining a state in which the surface of the discharge electrode has been treated by the surface treatment method according to the present invention, wherein (a) shows the state after machining the discharge electrode, and (b) shows the state according to the present invention. The surface treatment method is shown. 放電電極の形状を加工した後と、その後に本発明による表面処理方法を施した放電電極表面の一例を説明するための中間階調の画像を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the image of the intermediate gradation for demonstrating an example of the surface of the discharge electrode which performed the surface treatment method by this invention after processing the shape of a discharge electrode. 放電電極の形状を加工した後と、その後に本発明による表面処理方法を施した放電電極表面の他の例を説明するための中間階調の画像を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the image of the halftone for demonstrating the other example of the surface of the discharge electrode which performed the surface treatment method by this invention after processing the shape of a discharge electrode after that. 放電電極の形状を加工した後と、その後に本発明による表面処理方法を施した放電電極表面のさらに他の例を説明するための中間階調の画像を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the image of the intermediate gradation for demonstrating the further another example of the discharge electrode surface which performed the surface treatment method by this invention after processing the shape of a discharge electrode after that.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1,7,11 放電電極
2 加工面
3 カエリ
4,12 吹付用ノズル
5,13 10μm〜70μmの粒子
6 除去されたカエリ
8 ツールマーク内のカエリ
9,16 被加工物
10 カエリによる異常放電
14 均一化された凹凸面
15 均一な放電
21 吹付剤
22 圧縮空気
23 コンベイライン
24 ノズル部
24a 吹付ライン取付部
25 コンベアライン接続部
25a コンベアライン取付部
26 圧力調整弁
27 吹付ライン
28 ノズル開口部
37 ピーニングノズル
38 空気導入ライン
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,7,11 Discharge electrode 2 Processing surface 3 Burr 4,12 Spray nozzle 5,13 Particle | grains of 10 micrometers-70 micrometers 6 Burr removed 8 Burr in tool mark 9,16 Work piece 10 Abnormal discharge by 10 burr 14 Uniformity Uneven surface 15 uniform discharge 21 spraying agent 22 compressed air 23 conveyor line 24 nozzle part 24a spraying line mounting part 25 conveyor line connection part 25a conveyor line mounting part 26 pressure adjusting valve 27 spraying line 28 nozzle opening part 37 peening nozzle 38 Air introduction line

Claims (2)

ガラス,金属,水晶,大理石などの単一材料またはこれら単一の材料の混合材料からなる10μm〜70μmの粒子を0.1bar〜1.0barの圧縮空気に混合し、
該圧縮空気を、加工された形状の放電電極に吹き付けることにより、該放電電極に存在するコーナーやツールマーク内のカエリを除去するとともに前記放電電極表面に放電開始のスパーク点を増加させるために凹凸面を均一化させることを特徴とする放電加工機用放電電極加工面の表面処理方法。
10 μm to 70 μm particles made of a single material such as glass, metal, quartz, marble, or a mixed material of these single materials are mixed in compressed air of 0.1 bar to 1.0 bar,
The compressed air is blown onto the processed discharge electrode to remove burrs in corners and tool marks existing on the discharge electrode and to increase the spark point at the start of discharge on the discharge electrode surface. A surface treatment method of a discharge electrode machining surface for an electric discharge machine, wherein the surface is uniformized .
前記圧縮空気に混合される粒子の硬度は、前記放電電極の材質より大であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の放電加工機用放電電極加工面の表面処理方法。   2. The surface treatment method for a discharge electrode machining surface for an electric discharge machine according to claim 1, wherein the hardness of the particles mixed in the compressed air is greater than the material of the discharge electrode.
JP2004230728A 2004-08-06 2004-08-06 Surface treatment method of discharge electrode machining surface for electric discharge machine Expired - Fee Related JP3933653B2 (en)

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