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JP3916225B2 - Current detector - Google Patents

Current detector Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3916225B2
JP3916225B2 JP2002177937A JP2002177937A JP3916225B2 JP 3916225 B2 JP3916225 B2 JP 3916225B2 JP 2002177937 A JP2002177937 A JP 2002177937A JP 2002177937 A JP2002177937 A JP 2002177937A JP 3916225 B2 JP3916225 B2 JP 3916225B2
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Prior art keywords
voltage
current
output
magnetic field
hall element
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JP2004020455A (en
Inventor
冬樹 黒川
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Toshiba Corp
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Toshiba Corp
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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ホール素子を用いて電流を検出する電流検出装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
ホール素子１７を用いた電流検出装置１１の従来技術の一例を図４、図５を参照しながら説明する。図４は従来の電流検出装置１１を示す回路図である。また、図５は従来の電流検出装置の電流／磁界変換器（コア）３１を示す図である。
定電圧源１３の出力電圧は、電圧／電流変換器１５によって定電圧源１３の出力電圧に正比例した電流に変換される。この電流は、ホール素子１７のＴ１へ制御電流として加えられる。
一方、図５に示される電流／磁界変換器（コア）３１には電流入力端子２１が設けられ、被測定系の電流を入力する。この電流入力端子２１には、通常５Ａ、３０Ａ、１２０Ａ等の交流電流が入力される。この入力された電流は、コア３１によって電流に正比例した磁界に変換される。この変換された磁界はホール素子１７に加えられる。
ホール素子１７は、電流端子Ｔ１−Ｔ２間に流れる制御電流と加えられる磁界との積に正比例した電圧をＴ３−Ｔ４間に出力する。ホール素子１７の出力端子Ｔ３−Ｔ４間に出力される電圧は、増幅器２３によって増幅される。
ホール素子１７自体が不平衡成分を持っている場合、電流検出結果は図６に示される増幅器出力電圧波形Ｃのようにオフセット電圧を持っている。これを補正するため、ホール素子１７の端子Ｔ４−Ｔ２間に固定抵抗器（Ｒ）２９、端子Ｔ３−Ｔ２間に可変抵抗素子２７を接続し、可変抵抗素子２７を制御することによりオフセット電圧を取り除く。ここで、可変抵抗素子２７とは、制御電圧に入力される電圧によって抵抗値が変化する素子であり、ＦＥＴやＣｄｓフォトカプラなどが一般に用いられている。
【０００３】
可変抵抗素子２７は、図４に示される増幅器出力電圧（Ｃ）を積分器３３により積分する。積分された電圧は、図６に示されるように積分器出力電圧波形Ｄとして制御される。これにより、直流成分については負帰還が成立し、図６の増幅器出力電圧波形Ｃのように時間の経過とともにオフセット電圧が補正される。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、この電流検出装置１１では、被測定電流に直流成分が含まれる場合、図４の増幅器出力電圧Ｃを積分することにより、直流成分とオフセット成分はともにオフセット電圧として可変抵抗素子２７に入力されてしまう。この結果、図７の増幅器出力電圧波形Ｃのように、被測定電流の直流成分は出力されず、測定することができない。
本発明は、このような従来の問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、被測定電流の直流成分の測定が可能であり高精度の測定を行うことができる電流検出装置を提供することを目的とする。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するために、請求項１に記載の電流検出装置は、ホール素子を用いて被検出電流を検出する電流検出装置において、電圧を供給する電圧源と、この電圧源より入力された電圧に正比例した制御電流を供給する第１の電圧／電流変換器と、前記電圧源より入力された電圧に正比例した制御電流を供給する第２の電圧／電流変換器と、前記被検出電流を磁界に変換する電流／磁界変換手段と、前記第１の電圧／電流変換器より供給された前記制御電流と前記電流／磁界変換手段より加えられた磁界との積に正比例した電圧を出力する第１の電圧出力端子を備えた第１のホール素子と、前記第２の電圧／電流変換器より供給された前記制御電流と前記電流／磁界変換手段より加えられた逆の磁界との積に正比例した電圧を出力する第２の電圧出力端子を備えた第２のホール素子と、前記第１のホール素子より出力された電圧を増幅する第１の増幅器と、前記第２のホール素子より出力された電圧を増幅する第２の増幅器と、前記第１の増幅器の出力と前記第２の増幅器の出力とを加算する加算器と、前記第１の電圧出力端子の一方とグランドとの間に接続され、第１の制御端子を前記加算器の出力に接続し前記第１の制御端子に入力される電圧によって抵抗値が変化する第１の可変抵抗素子と、前記第２の電圧出力端子の一方とグランドとの間に接続され第２の制御端子を前記加算器の出力に接続し前記第２の制御端子に入力される電圧によって抵抗値が変化する第２の可変抵抗素子とを有することを特徴とする。
【０００６】
また、請求項２に記載の電流検出装置は、請求項１において、前記第１のホール素子と前記第２のホール素子、前記第１の増幅器と前記第２のホール素子および前記第１の可変抵抗素子と前記第２の可変抵抗素子はそれぞれ同一の特性を有することを特徴とする。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の一実施の形態について説明する。
図１は、本発明の一実施の形態に係る電流検出装置１１の回路図である。電流検出装置１１は、アナロググラウンド（ＡＧ）に接地されるとともに、一定の電圧を出力する定電圧源１３、この定電圧源１３の出力電圧に正比例した電流に変換する電圧／電流変換器１５Ａ（１５Ｂ）、ホール効果により電流を検出するホール素子１７Ａ（１７Ｂ）、ホール素子１７Ａ（１７Ｂ）より出力された電圧を増幅する増幅器２３Ａ（２３Ｂ）、この増幅器２３Ａの出力電圧と増幅器２３Ｂの出力電圧とを加算する加算器２５、オフセット電圧を取り除く可変抵抗素子２７Ａ（２７Ｂ）、オフセット電圧を取り除くために設けられた固定抵抗器２９Ａ（２９Ｂ）から構成される。
定電圧源１３の出力電圧Ａは２つの電圧／電流変換器１５Ａ、１５Ｂによって定電圧源１３の出力電圧に正比例した電流に変換される。この電流は、同一の特性を具備する２つのホール素子１７Ａ、１７Ｂに制御電流として加えられる。
図２は電流／磁界変換器１９を模式的に示した斜視図である。電流／磁界変換器（分割コア）１９は、上下に分割された分割コアＡ１９Ａと分割コアＢ１９Ｂから構成され、ホール素子１７Ａとホール素子１７Ｂとを挟みこむように配置される。また、被測定系の電流を入力する電流入力端子２１が電流／磁界変換器１９の空隙部分を貫通して設けられている。この電流入力端子２１には、通常５Ａ、３０Ａ、１２０Ａなどの電流が入力される。この入力された電流は、分割コア１９Ａと分割コア１９Ｂとにより、電流に正比例した磁界Ｂ１、磁界Ｂ２に変換される。磁界Ｂ１、磁界Ｂ２の方向は図１に示されるように、磁界Ｂ１は紙面奥向き、磁界Ｂ２は紙面手前向きの方向であり、２つのホール素子１７Ａ、１７Ｂにそれぞれ加えられる。ここで、２つのホール素子１７Ａ、１７Ｂに加えられる磁界は、図１に示されるように相反する方向である。
【０００８】
ホール素子１７Ａ、１７Ｂは、電流端子Ｔ１−Ｔ２間に流れる制御電流と加えられる磁界の積に正比例した電圧を出力端子Ｔ３−Ｔ４間に出力する。２つのホール素子１７Ａ、１７Ｂの出力端子Ｔ３−Ｔ４間に出力される電圧は、同一の特性を具備する２つの増幅器２３Ａ、２３Ｂによってそれぞれ増幅される。
図２に示される２つの増幅器２３Ａ、２３Ｂの出力電圧（Ｃ１、Ｃ２）は、加算器２５により加算される。この加算器２５の出力電圧（Ｄ）は、オフセット電圧に従って変化し、この電圧で可変抵抗素子２７Ａ、２７Ｂを制御する。これにより、負帰還を形成し、可変抵抗素子２７Ａ、２７Ｂは、オフセット電圧が基準電位より高いときは、それぞれがホール素子１７Ａ、１７Ｂの出力電圧を小さくする方向に作用し、オフセット電圧が基準電位より低いときは、ホール素子１７Ａ、１７Ｂの出力電圧を大きくする方向に作用することにより、オフセット電圧を基準電位に補正する作用を有する。
ここで、加算器２５の出力電圧は被測定電流の直流成分に影響されない為、被測定電流の直流成分を測定可能なホール素子１７Ａ、１７Ｂのオフセット補正が実現できる。
【０００９】
図３は、ホール素子１７Ａ、１７Ｂに加えられる定電圧波形Ａ、ホール素子１７Ａ、１７Ｂに加えられる磁界波形Ｂ１、Ｂ２、増幅器２３Ａ、２３Ｂの増幅器出力波形Ｃ１、Ｃ２、加算器２５の加算器出力電圧波形Ｄを示す。増幅器２３Ａ、２３Ｂの出力電圧波形Ｃ１，Ｃ２のように、時間の経過とともに、ホール素子１７Ａ、１７Ｂのオフセット電圧が補正されており、この補正で、被測定電流の直流成分は影響を受けていない。
【００１０】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、２つのホール素子１７Ａ、１７Ｂに被測定電流に正比例した磁界を相反する方向で加え、この出力を加算することで被測定電流の直流成分を含まないオフセット電圧を検出し、この電圧をもとにオフセットを補正する。これにより、被測定電流の直流成分を測定し、高精度の測定を行うことが出きる電流検出装置を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施の一形態に係る電流検出装置の回路を示す図。
【図２】本発明の実施の一形態に係る電流検出装置の電流／磁界変換器を示す図。
【図３】本発明の実施の一形態に係る電流検出装置の回路のタイムチャートを示す図。
【図４】従来の電流検出装置の回路を示す図。
【図５】従来の電力検出装置の電流／磁界変換器を示す図。
【図６】従来の電流検出装置のタイムチャートを示す図。
【図７】従来の電流検出装置のタイムチャートを示す図。
【符号の説明】
１１…電流検出装置、１３…定電圧源、１５…電圧／電流変換器、１５Ａ…電圧／電流変換器Ａ、１５Ｂ…電圧／電流変換器Ｂ、１７…ホール素子、１７Ａ…ホール素子Ａ、１７Ｂ…ホール素子Ｂ、１９…電流／磁界変換器（分割コア）、１９Ａ…分割コアＡ、１９Ｂ…分割コアＢ、２１…電流入力端子、２３…増幅器、２３Ａ…増幅器Ａ、２３Ｂ…増幅器Ｂ、２５…加算器、２７…可変抵抗素子、２７Ａ…可変抵抗素子Ａ、２７Ｂ…可変抵抗素子Ｂ、２９…抵抗器、２９Ａ…抵抗器Ａ、２９Ｂ…抵抗器Ｂ、３１…電流／磁界変換器（コア）、３３…積分器[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a current detection device that detects a current using a Hall element.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An example of the prior art of the current detection device 11 using the Hall element 17 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a conventional current detector 11. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a current / magnetic field converter (core) 31 of a conventional current detection device.
The output voltage of the constant voltage source 13 is converted into a current directly proportional to the output voltage of the constant voltage source 13 by the voltage / current converter 15. This current is applied as a control current to T1 of the Hall element 17.
On the other hand, the current / magnetic field converter (core) 31 shown in FIG. 5 is provided with a current input terminal 21 for inputting the current of the system under measurement. The current input terminal 21 is normally input with an alternating current of 5A, 30A, 120A or the like. This input current is converted into a magnetic field directly proportional to the current by the core 31. This converted magnetic field is applied to the Hall element 17.
The Hall element 17 outputs a voltage between T3 and T4 that is directly proportional to the product of the control current flowing between the current terminals T1 and T2 and the applied magnetic field. The voltage output between the output terminals T3 and T4 of the Hall element 17 is amplified by the amplifier 23.
When the Hall element 17 itself has an unbalanced component, the current detection result has an offset voltage like an amplifier output voltage waveform C shown in FIG. In order to correct this, a fixed resistor (R) 29 is connected between the terminals T4 and T2 of the Hall element 17 and a variable resistance element 27 is connected between the terminals T3 and T2, and the variable resistance element 27 is controlled to reduce the offset voltage. remove. Here, the variable resistance element 27 is an element whose resistance value changes depending on the voltage input to the control voltage, and an FET, a Cds photocoupler, or the like is generally used.
[0003]
The variable resistance element 27 integrates the amplifier output voltage (C) shown in FIG. The integrated voltage is controlled as an integrator output voltage waveform D as shown in FIG. As a result, negative feedback is established for the DC component, and the offset voltage is corrected with the passage of time as in the amplifier output voltage waveform C of FIG.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in this current detection device 11, when a DC component is included in the current to be measured, by integrating the amplifier output voltage C of FIG. 4, both the DC component and the offset component are input to the variable resistance element 27 as offset voltages. End up. As a result, like the amplifier output voltage waveform C in FIG. 7, the DC component of the current to be measured is not output and cannot be measured.
The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a current detection device capable of measuring a DC component of a current to be measured and performing a highly accurate measurement. To do.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a current detection device according to claim 1, in a current detection device that detects a detected current using a Hall element, a voltage source that supplies a voltage, and the voltage source A first voltage / current converter that supplies a control current that is directly proportional to the input voltage, a second voltage / current converter that supplies a control current that is directly proportional to the voltage input from the voltage source, and A voltage that is directly proportional to the product of current / magnetic field conversion means for converting a detected current into a magnetic field, and the control current supplied from the first voltage / current converter and the magnetic field applied from the current / magnetic field conversion means. A first Hall element having a first voltage output terminal for outputting the control current, the control current supplied from the second voltage / current converter, and a reverse magnetic field applied from the current / magnetic field conversion means. Voltage directly proportional to the product of A second Hall element having a second voltage output terminal to be applied, a first amplifier for amplifying a voltage output from the first Hall element, and a voltage output from the second Hall element. A second amplifier for amplifying, an adder for adding the output of the first amplifier and the output of the second amplifier, connected between one of the first voltage output terminals and the ground, A first variable resistance element having a control value of one connected to the output of the adder and having a resistance value changed by a voltage input to the first control terminal; one of the second voltage output terminals; and a ground; And a second variable resistance element that has a second control terminal connected to the output of the adder and a resistance value that changes according to a voltage input to the second control terminal. .
[0006]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, the current detection device according to the first aspect includes the first Hall element and the second Hall element, the first amplifier, the second Hall element, and the first variable. The resistance element and the second variable resistance element have the same characteristics.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a current detection device 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The current detection device 11 is grounded to an analog ground (AG), and outputs a constant voltage source 13 that outputs a constant voltage. 15B), a Hall element 17A (17B) for detecting current by the Hall effect, an amplifier 23A (23B) for amplifying a voltage output from the Hall element 17A (17B), an output voltage of the amplifier 23A and an output voltage of the amplifier 23B Are added to the adder 25, the variable resistance element 27A (27B) for removing the offset voltage, and the fixed resistor 29A (29B) provided for removing the offset voltage.
The output voltage A of the constant voltage source 13 is converted into a current directly proportional to the output voltage of the constant voltage source 13 by two voltage / current converters 15A and 15B. This current is applied as a control current to the two Hall elements 17A and 17B having the same characteristics.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the current / magnetic field converter 19. The current / magnetic field converter (divided core) 19 includes a divided core A 19A and a divided core B 19B that are divided vertically, and is arranged so as to sandwich the Hall element 17A and the Hall element 17B. Further, a current input terminal 21 for inputting the current of the system under measurement is provided through the gap portion of the current / magnetic field converter 19. The current input terminal 21 is usually supplied with a current of 5A, 30A, 120A or the like. This input current is converted into a magnetic field B1 and a magnetic field B2 that are directly proportional to the current by the split core 19A and the split core 19B. As shown in FIG. 1, the directions of the magnetic field B1 and the magnetic field B2 are the direction toward the back of the paper and the magnetic field B2 is the direction toward the front of the paper, and are applied to the two Hall elements 17A and 17B, respectively. Here, the magnetic fields applied to the two Hall elements 17A and 17B are in opposite directions as shown in FIG.
[0008]
The Hall elements 17A and 17B output a voltage directly proportional to the product of the control current flowing between the current terminals T1 and T2 and the applied magnetic field between the output terminals T3 and T4. The voltages output between the output terminals T3 and T4 of the two Hall elements 17A and 17B are amplified by the two amplifiers 23A and 23B having the same characteristics.
The output voltages (C1, C2) of the two amplifiers 23A, 23B shown in FIG. The output voltage (D) of the adder 25 changes according to the offset voltage, and the variable resistance elements 27A and 27B are controlled by this voltage. Thereby, a negative feedback is formed, and when the offset voltage is higher than the reference potential, the variable resistance elements 27A and 27B act to reduce the output voltage of the Hall elements 17A and 17B, respectively, and the offset voltage becomes the reference potential. When it is lower, the offset voltage is corrected to the reference potential by acting in the direction of increasing the output voltage of the Hall elements 17A and 17B.
Here, since the output voltage of the adder 25 is not affected by the DC component of the current to be measured, offset correction of the Hall elements 17A and 17B capable of measuring the DC component of the current to be measured can be realized.
[0009]
FIG. 3 shows a constant voltage waveform A applied to the Hall elements 17A and 17B, magnetic field waveforms B1 and B2 applied to the Hall elements 17A and 17B, amplifier output waveforms C1 and C2 of the amplifiers 23A and 23B, and an adder output of the adder 25. A voltage waveform D is shown. As the output voltage waveforms C1 and C2 of the amplifiers 23A and 23B, the offset voltage of the Hall elements 17A and 17B is corrected with the passage of time, and this correction does not affect the DC component of the current under measurement. .
[0010]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a magnetic field that is directly proportional to the current to be measured is applied to the two Hall elements 17A and 17B in opposite directions, and this output is added to thereby offset the DC component of the current to be measured. The voltage is detected, and the offset is corrected based on this voltage. As a result, it is possible to provide a current detection device that can measure the DC component of the current to be measured and perform highly accurate measurement.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a circuit of a current detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a current / magnetic field converter of the current detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a time chart of a circuit of the current detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a circuit of a conventional current detection device.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a current / magnetic field converter of a conventional power detection device.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a time chart of a conventional current detection device.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a time chart of a conventional current detection device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Current detection apparatus, 13 ... Constant voltage source, 15 ... Voltage / current converter, 15A ... Voltage / current converter A, 15B ... Voltage / current converter B, 17 ... Hall element, 17A ... Hall element A, 17B ... Hall element B, 19 ... Current / magnetic field converter (split core), 19A ... Split core A, 19B ... Split core B, 21 ... Current input terminal, 23 ... Amplifier, 23A ... Amplifier A, 23B ... Amplifier B, 25 ... adder, 27 ... variable resistance element, 27A ... variable resistance element A, 27B ... variable resistance element B, 29 ... resistor, 29A ... resistor A, 29B ... resistor B, 31 ... current / magnetic field converter (core) ), 33 ... Integrator

Claims (2)

ホール素子を用いて被検出電流を検出する電流検出装置において、
電圧を供給する電圧源と、
この電圧源より入力された電圧に正比例した制御電流を供給する第１の電圧／電流変換器と、
前記電圧源より入力された電圧に正比例した制御電流を供給する第２の電圧／電流変換器と、
前記被検出電流を磁界に変換する電流／磁界変換手段と、
前記第１の電圧／電流変換器より供給された前記制御電流と前記電流／磁界変換手段より加えられた磁界との積に正比例した電圧を出力する第１の電圧出力端子を備えた第１のホール素子と、
前記第２の電圧／電流変換器より供給された前記制御電流と前記電流／磁界変換手段より加えられた逆の磁界との積に正比例した電圧を出力する第２の電圧出力端子を備えた第２のホール素子と、
前記第１のホール素子より出力された電圧を増幅する第１の増幅器と、
前記第２のホール素子より出力された電圧を増幅する第２の増幅器と、
前記第１の増幅器の出力と前記第２の増幅器の出力とを加算する加算器と、
前記第１の電圧出力端子の一方とグランドとの間に接続され、第１の制御端子を前記加算器の出力に接続し前記第１の制御端子に入力される電圧によって抵抗値が変化する第１の可変抵抗素子と、前記第２の電圧出力端子の一方とグランドとの間に接続され第２の制御端子を前記加算器の出力に接続し前記第２の制御端子に入力される電圧によって抵抗値が変化する第２の可変抵抗素子と
を有することを特徴とする電流検出装置。In a current detection device that detects a current to be detected using a Hall element,
A voltage source for supplying voltage;
A first voltage / current converter for supplying a control current that is directly proportional to the voltage input from the voltage source;
A second voltage / current converter for supplying a control current directly proportional to the voltage input from the voltage source;
Current / magnetic field converting means for converting the detected current into a magnetic field;
A first voltage output terminal that outputs a voltage that is directly proportional to the product of the control current supplied from the first voltage / current converter and the magnetic field applied from the current / magnetic field conversion means; A Hall element;
A second voltage output terminal that outputs a voltage that is directly proportional to the product of the control current supplied from the second voltage / current converter and the reverse magnetic field applied from the current / magnetic field conversion means; Two Hall elements;
A first amplifier for amplifying a voltage output from the first Hall element;
A second amplifier for amplifying the voltage output from the second Hall element;
An adder for adding the output of the first amplifier and the output of the second amplifier;
The first voltage output terminal is connected between one of the first voltage output terminals and the ground, the first control terminal is connected to the output of the adder, and the resistance value changes according to the voltage input to the first control terminal. 1 variable resistance element, connected between one of the second voltage output terminals and the ground, a second control terminal connected to the output of the adder, and a voltage input to the second control terminal A current detection device comprising: a second variable resistance element having a variable resistance value. 前記第１のホール素子と前記第２のホール素子、前記第１の増幅器と前記第２のホール素子および前記第１の可変抵抗素子と前記第２の可変抵抗素子はそれぞれ同一の特性を有することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電流検出装置。The first Hall element and the second Hall element, the first amplifier, the second Hall element, the first variable resistance element, and the second variable resistance element have the same characteristics. The current detection device according to claim 1.
JP2002177937A 2002-06-19 2002-06-19 Current detector Expired - Fee Related JP3916225B2 (en)

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JP2008157688A (en) * 2006-12-21 2008-07-10 Honda Motor Co Ltd Current sensor and method of eliminating offset of current sensor
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