JP3995590B2 - Ophthalmic equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus for examining (observing and photographing) a patient's eye.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An ophthalmologic apparatus is known in which an anterior ocular segment to be examined is optically cut by slit light and an anterior ocular segment image is obtained by an imaging optical system arranged based on the principle of Shine-Pluke. According to this apparatus, the angle formed by the corneal posterior surface and the iris front surface of the photographed cross-sectional image can be measured as a corner angle, and glaucoma can be inspected (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-1-285241 (Pages 2, 3 and 1-3)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, there is an individual difference in the adjustment of the size of the pupil, and when photographing the angle of the angle as in the above-described apparatus, there is a case where the iris is not sufficiently stretched and the iris does not extend under the environment of indoor lighting. . For this reason, the conventional apparatus has a problem that the tilt angle of the iris surface cannot be determined correctly and the corner angle cannot be obtained accurately.
[0005]
In view of the above prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus capable of observing and photographing an eye to be examined in a state where the eye to be examined is miosis.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration.
[0007]
(1) In an ophthalmologic apparatus for examining a patient's eye, it is detected whether the left eye illumination means and right eye illumination means arranged at a position where the eye that is not the examination target can be illuminated, and the eye to be examined is left or right Left and right detection means, and illumination switching means for switching between the left eye illumination means and the right eye illumination means based on left and right detection signals.
[0008]
(2) The ophthalmologic apparatus according to (1) is characterized by comprising observation means for observing a patient's eye and light amount adjusting means for adjusting the illumination light amount of the illumination means.
[0009]
(3) An ophthalmologic apparatus according to (1) includes an anterior ocular segment imaging apparatus including a slit projection optical system that projects slit light onto a patient's eye and a slit cross-section imaging optical system that has an optical axis that is inclined with respect to the slit projection optical axis. A shooting mode selection means for selecting a corner angle shooting mode, and a lighting means for lighting the illumination of the lighting means switched by the illumination switching means based on the selection signal for the corner angle shooting mode. Features.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external view of an anterior segment cross-sectional imaging apparatus 100 according to the present invention, FIG. 1 (a) is a front view seen from the subject side, and FIG. 1 (b) is a side view.
[0011]
Reference numeral 101 denotes a measurement unit containing an inspection optical system, 102 denotes a body unit including a display 55 and operation switches, 103 denotes a base unit containing a power source and a horizontal movement mechanism, and 104 denotes a chin stand for fixing a patient's face. is there. By operating the joystick 40, the body portion 102 moves in the horizontal direction with respect to the base portion 103. Reference numeral 32 denotes a micro switch fixed to the body portion 102, and 33 denotes a plate member fixed to the base portion 103. The plate member 33 is attached for the purpose of providing a step on the upper surface of the base portion 103, and when the body portion 102 is moved left and right, the microswitch is turned on / off. Whether the eye to be inspected is left or right is detected by turning on / off the micro switch 32.
[0012]
The measurement unit 101 is provided with illumination LEDs 30a and 30b for illuminating with an amount of light that reduces the pupil of the eye not to be examined. As shown in FIG. 2, the illumination LEDs 30a and 30b are arranged on the left and right sides of the reference axis L1 of the inspection optical system housed in the measurement unit 101. When inspecting the right eye ER, the front part of the left eye EL When the left eye EL is inspected, the illumination LED 30a is located in front of the right eye ER.
[0013]
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an optical system of the measurement unit 101 of the anterior segment cross-sectional imaging apparatus 100.
[0014]
<Slit Projection Optical System> 1 is a reflecting mirror, 2 is a flash lamp for photographing, 3 is a condenser lens, 4 is a slit aperture stop, 5 is a light projection lens, and 6 is a reference axis L1 that is an optical axis of the slit projection optical system. It is a dichroic mirror obliquely installed on the top. The dichroic mirror 6 has a characteristic of transmitting most of visible light and reflecting infrared light.
[0015]
The luminous flux emitted from the flash lamp 2 is condensed by the condenser lens 3 to illuminate the slit aperture stop 4. The light beam limited to a narrow slit shape by the slit aperture stop 4 is transmitted through the light projection lens 5 and the dichroic mirror 6 and projected onto the eye to be examined. Thereby, the translucent body (cornea, anterior chamber, crystalline lens, etc.) of the anterior eye part of the eye to be examined is illuminated in the form of being light-cut by a white light source in the visible range.
[0016]
<Slit Section Imaging Optical System> L2 represents the imaging optical axis of the slit section imaging optical system. Reference numeral 7 denotes a photographing lens, 8 denotes an anamorphic lens for correcting image distortion, and 9 denotes a CCD camera. The optical axis L2 of the slit section photographing optical system is arranged with an inclination angle of 45 degrees with respect to the optical axis L1 of the slit projection optical system. The taking lens 7 is disposed to be inclined with respect to the optical axis L2 so as to satisfy the Shine-Pluke principle. That is, the intersection line between the extension of the light cutting of the anterior eye part of the eye to be examined by the slit projection light and the extension of the imaging surface 9 a of the CCD camera 9 intersects with the extension line of the main plane of the photographing lens 7. With this optical arrangement, the cross-sectional image formed on the imaging surface 9a of the CCD camera 9 can have a depth of focus that is focused on substantially the entire cross-sectional image.
[0017]
<Alignment Index Projection Optical System> 13 is a near infrared light source for alignment, 14 is a dichroic mirror, and 15 is a projection lens. The light emitted from the light source 13 passes through the dichroic mirror 14, is converted into a parallel light beam by the projection lens 15, and is then reflected by the beam splitter 20. Thereafter, the alignment light is reflected by the dichroic mirror 6 and travels toward the eye E along the optical axis L1 to form a light source image at a position inside the eye from the corneal apex by a distance half the corneal curvature radius.
[0018]
<Fixation Target Presenting Optical System> 11 is a fixation light source that emits visible light. Light emitted from the light source 11 is projected onto the eye E through the dichroic mirror 14, the projection lens 15, the beam splitter 20, and the dichroic mirror 6.
[0019]
<Anterior Eye Front Imaging Optical System> 21 is an imaging lens, and 23 is a CCD camera for frontal observation having sensitivity in the infrared region. Of the alignment light beam projected by the alignment index projection optical system, a part of the light beam reflected by the cornea is reflected by the dichroic mirror 6, passes through the beam splitter 20, and is imaged by the imaging camera 21 by the CCD camera 23. Further, the anterior segment image of the subject eye E illuminated by the anterior segment illumination light source 10 is also captured by the CCD camera 23 through the same optical path.
[0020]
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the electrical configuration of the anterior segment cross-sectional imaging device 100 and the image analysis unit 200.
[0021]
<Anterior Eye Section Imaging Unit> The output signal from the CCD camera 9 is digitized by the A / D conversion circuit 50 and is taken into the frame memory 52 in synchronization with the signal from the timing generator 51. The image signal taken into the frame memory 52 is converted into a video signal via the D / A conversion circuit 53 and then sent to the image switching circuit 54. The image switching circuit 54 receives a command signal from the control unit 60 and switches the display image on the display 55 between a photographed image from the CCD camera 23 and a photographed image from the CCD camera 9. An image synthesis circuit 56 synthesizes various information displays generated by the display circuit 57 and images from the CCD cameras 9 and 23 and displays them on the display 55.
[0022]
The anterior segment cross-sectional image freeze-stored in the frame memory 52 is transferred to the image analysis unit 200 via the interface circuit 64 by input to the image transfer switch 63.
[0023]
<Image Analysis Unit> 201 is a computer unit that performs image processing on the cross-sectional image data input from the anterior segment cross-sectional imaging apparatus 100 and analyzes it, and includes a memory that stores and holds image data and an analysis program for image analysis. Have. A keyboard 202 and a mouse 203 for inputting operation instructions are connected to the computer unit 201. A color display 204 displays a cross-sectional image and an analysis result input from the anterior segment cross-sectional imaging apparatus 100, and 205 is a video printer. The display 204 and the video printer 205 are controlled by the computer unit 201.
[0024]
The operation of the apparatus configured as above will be described. First, the examiner presses the mode selection switch 61 provided on the body unit 102 to enter the corner photographing mode. Incidentally, in addition to the corner angle imaging mode, this apparatus has a lens imaging mode for imaging the opacity of the lens by taking an anterior segment cross-section imaging. Next, after fixing the patient's head to the chin table 104, the examiner operates the joystick 40 to move the body portion 102 to the left and right with respect to the base portion 103 so that the optical axis L 1 of the measuring portion 101 is aligned with the patient's eye. Move to. Then, due to the step between the micro switch 32 and the plate member 33, the micro switch 32 is turned on when measuring the right eye of the patient, and the micro switch 32 is turned off when measuring the left eye. That is, it is detected that the right eye measurement is performed when the microswitch 32 is ON, and the left eye measurement is detected when the microswitch 32 is OFF.
[0025]
The patient's eye to be examined is fixed with the fixation light source 11, and the front image of the eye to be examined captured by the CCD camera 23 is sent to the display 55 via the image switching circuit 54. The examiner measures the eye to be examined by operating the joystick 40 so that the alignment index image displayed on the display 55 and the electrically formed reticle image (which may be optically formed) have a predetermined relationship. Alignment is performed by moving the part 101 up and down, left and right. As a result, the optical axis of the optical system of the measuring unit 101 and the eye E can be aligned. Also, the working distance is aligned by moving the measurement unit 101 back and forth so that the alignment index image is the smallest and clear image.
[0026]
When the corner photographing mode is set, the control unit 60 illuminates the eye that is not the subject of inspection with the illumination LEDs 30a and 30b based on the mode selection signal and the signal from the microswitch 32. That is, the control unit 60 turns on the illumination LED 30b because the right eye measurement is performed when the micro switch 32 is ON, and turns on the illumination LED 30a because the left eye measurement is performed when the micro switch 32 is OFF. In addition, the examiner observes the degree of opening of the pupil of the anterior segment image displayed on the display 55, and operates the light amount adjustment knob 65 so that the pupil contracts in a range where the patient does not complain of glare. The light quantity of the illumination LED 30a or the illumination LED 30b is adjusted. By illuminating the eye that is not the subject of inspection with the illumination LEDs 30a and 30b, the eye that is not the subject of examination is reduced in pupils. In conjunction with this, the eye that is not the subject of inspection is also reduced in pupils.
[0027]
When the above preparation for photographing is completed, the examiner presses the photographing switch 62 to turn on the flash lamp 2, and a cross-sectional image of the anterior segment light-cut by the slit light is photographed by the CCD camera 9. Since the corner photographing mode is set, the control unit 60 turns on the flash lamp 2 by reducing the amount of light compared to the crystalline photographing mode. In the case of crystalline lens photography, it is necessary to increase the amount of illumination light because the scattered light of the translucent body is photographed.However, in the case of corner angle photography, the iris is not a translucent body, so if the reflected light amount of the iris is too large, the tilt angle of the iris surface can be determined. Since it is difficult to analyze, the amount of light is reduced to prevent this.
[0028]
The captured image is stored in the frame memory 52, and the display image on the display 55 is switched from the observation image to display the captured image. The anterior segment cross-sectional image stored in the frame memory 52 is transferred to the image analysis unit 200 by pressing the image transfer switch 63.
[0029]
Next, the examiner measures a corner angle from the anterior segment cross-sectional image obtained using the image analysis unit 200. The image transferred from the anterior segment cross-sectional imaging device 100 is taken into a frame memory of the computer unit 201. The image captured in the frame memory is displayed on the color display 204. As shown in FIG. 5, the examiner operates the mouse 203 to measure the corner angle. First, as shown in FIG. 5A, a straight line La is drawn with the mouse 203 so as to match the iris surface of the anterior segment cross-sectional image. Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, 3 to 10 points P are designated over the entire corneal posterior surface. Thereafter, the computer unit 201 draws a quadratic curve C by least square approximation based on the designated point P as shown in FIG. 5C, and the tangent Lc and the straight line at the intersection of the quadratic curve C and the straight line La An angle A where La intersects is obtained as a corner angle. The corner angle A is displayed as APPARENT ANGLE in the lower right part of the screen as shown in FIG. Since the eye to be examined is also miotic in conjunction with the miosis of the eye not to be examined, the tilt angle of the iris surface shown in FIG. 5 (a) can be determined correctly, and the corner angle is accurately obtained. be able to.
[0030]
In the above embodiment, the illumination LED 30a, 30b is used as the illumination light source that reduces the pupil of the eye that is not the subject of the examination. However, the illumination light source is not limited to the LED, but other lamps, EL (Electro Luminescence), etc. It may be an illumination light source.
[0031]
In the above-described embodiment, the anterior ocular segment photographing apparatus is taken as an example of the ophthalmologic apparatus. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the other eye is different from the target observation / examination eye. Is applied to a device that adjusts the size of the pupil by illuminating.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the size of the pupil of the eye to be examined can be adjusted and the eye to be examined can be observed and photographed. In addition, the burden on the examiner can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an external view of an anterior segment cross-sectional imaging apparatus.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an arrangement of illumination LEDs.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an optical system of an anterior segment cross-sectional imaging apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a control system configuration diagram of an anterior segment cross-sectional imaging apparatus and an image analysis unit.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a photographed anterior segment cross-sectional image.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Flash lamp 3 Condenser lens 4 Slit aperture stop 7 Shooting lens 8 Anamorphic lens 9 CCD camera 23 CCD camera 30a Illumination LED
30b LED lighting
32 Micro switch 33 Plate material 55 Display 60 Control unit 65 Light amount adjustment knob 100 Anterior segment cross-section imaging device

Claims (3)

In an ophthalmologic apparatus for inspecting a patient's eye, left and right eye illuminating means arranged at a position capable of illuminating a non-inspected eye, and left / right detection for detecting whether the eye to be inspected is left or right And an illumination switching means for switching between the left eye illumination means and the right eye illumination means based on left and right detection signals. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, comprising: an observing unit that observes a patient's eye; and a light amount adjusting unit that adjusts an illumination light amount of the illuminating unit. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1 is an anterior ocular segment imaging apparatus including a slit projection optical system that projects slit light onto a patient's eye, and a slit cross-section imaging optical system that has an optical axis inclined with respect to the slit projection optical axis. An imaging mode selection unit that selects a corner angle shooting mode, and a lighting unit that lights the illumination of the illumination unit switched by the illumination switching unit based on a selection signal of the corner angle shooting mode. Ophthalmic equipment.

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