JP3984571B2 - Reinforcement structure of opening wall in steel house - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a steel house (a steel-based panel structure building configured by combining a frame material made of a thin lightweight steel with a thickness of about 1 mm and a structural surface material on the frame material is defined as a steel house). The present invention relates to a reinforcing structure of an opening wall.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The frame material is formed by roll forming a thin steel plate into a cross-sectional shape such as a groove shape, a groove shape with a lip, and a box shape. A single frame material is used, or a plurality of frame materials are joined by a drill screw to form a reinforcing frame material, and each steel material is joined by a drill screw to construct the main frame of the building.
[0003]
The structure by the conventional steel house construction method is demonstrated with FIG.1, FIG.2, FIG.3. A plurality of vertical frame members 2 stand up from the lower frame member 1 at a predetermined interval, and the upper ends of the vertical frame members 2 are joined by an upper frame member 3. The lower frame member 1 and the vertical frame member 2 The structural frame material 7 (shown in FIG. 3) is fixed to the wall frame material composed of the upper frame material 3 with a drill screw 23. In the building, openings 8 such as an entrance 8a and a window 8b are formed.
[0004]
Side joists 5a and end joists 5b are supported on the upper frame member 3 to which the structural face material 7 is attached, and both joists are assembled in a rectangular shape. A plurality of floor joists 10 are provided at predetermined intervals in parallel with the side joists 5a, and both ends of the floor joists 10 are respectively coupled to the front and rear end joists 5b or the floor beams 12 via the metal fittings 11, respectively. Yes. A floor panel 14 is formed by laying a structural face material 13 such as plywood on the side joists 5a, end joists 5b, floor joists 10 and floor beams 12. In FIG. 1, 10a is a floor opening end joist, 10b is a floor opening side joist, 10c is a joist support, and 10d is a stopper.
[0005]
In a building by this steel house method (referred to as SH method), the vertical frame material 2 does not exist in the openings 8 such as the entrances 8a and 8b. There is no vertical support column that supports the opening 8, and the portion of the opening 8 is weak in strength. For this reason, it is necessary to reinforce the upper part of the opening part 8, and the lintel 15 is provided on the opening part 8. FIG.
[0006]
As shown in FIG. 2, the upper frame material 3 and the lintel frame material 17 are provided above and below the lintel 15 of the window 8 b (opening 8), and between the lintel frame material 17 and the opening upper frame material 18. A lintel vertical frame member 19 is provided, and both ends of the lintel 15 are attached to the lintel support 20 via the lintel receiving hardware 21, and the lintel support 20 is attached to the lintel support mounting vertical frame member 22. It is fixed. A lower end and an upper end of the vertical frame member 22 for attaching the lintel support are fixed to the lower frame member 1 and the upper frame member 3 with a drill screw 23. In FIG. 2, the opening lower frame member 24 is supported by the upper end of the opening lower vertical frame member 25 whose lower end is fixed to the lower frame member 1. Reference numeral 24a denotes a receiving member.
[0007]
As shown in FIG. 3, a structural face material is fixed by a drill screw 23 to the opening lower frame member 24 and each frame member disposed above the opening lower frame member 24, thereby forming a vertical wall 26. Further, a structural face material is fixed to the opening lower frame member 24 and each frame member disposed below the opening frame member 24 with a drill screw 23 to form a waist wall 27. Further, a structural face material is fixed to the lintel support attaching vertical frame member 22 and the outer frame material (vertical frame member 2a) by a drill screw 23 to form a side wall 28.
[0008]
As described above, the vertical wall 26, the waist wall 27, and the side wall 28 are arranged on the four sides on the top, bottom, left, and right sides of the opening 8 via the frame material arranged on each side, thereby configuring the opening 8. However, since there is no frame material (support column) in the opening 8, the periphery of the opening 8 is easily deformed due to insufficient strength when a horizontal force is applied due to an earthquake or the like. When four sides of the opening 8, that is, the frame material of each side of the rectangle, and the frame material located outside thereof move laterally, the left and right lintel support mounting vertical frame materials 22 are located on both sides of the opening 8. A pulling force and a compressive force act on.
[0009]
In this case, if the hanging wall 26 and the waist wall 27 and the side wall 28 made of a structural face material attached around the opening 8 are rigidly connected to each other, each wall functions as a load-bearing wall. It should have a function to stop the horizontal force movement of the frame material. However, in the past, on the contrary, the joints are loosely connected so that the behavior of the vertical wall 26 and the waist wall 27 due to the horizontal force such as an earthquake does not affect the side wall 28 and the load bearing wall outside thereof. . The behavior of the vertical wall 26 and the waist wall 27 at this time and the mutual behavior of the side wall 28 are as shown in FIGS. 4A and 5A, and the shearing force accompanying the swinging of the side wall 28 is the vertical wall. Therefore, the side wall 28 swings independently of the vertical wall 26 and the waist wall 27 (this problem will be described below [0012]).
[0010]
As other prior art (1), there is JP-A-2000-234406 “Wall structure and face material attaching method”. This prior art (1) is a method of shifting the joint portion of the face material of the side wall (sleeve wall) from the position of the plywood of the vertical wall. As prior art (2), there is JP-A-2001-164645 “Calculation method of wooden house and wooden house built using this method”. This prior art (2) only discloses the calculation of the waist wall and the vertical wall. As a prior art (3), there is JP 2002-38630 “Wooden house”. In this prior art (3), a plywood is attached to a conventional wooden structure so as to allow for the strength of the waist wall and the vertical wall. However, the joint structure of the frame (frame material) as in the present invention is not disclosed. Therefore, it cannot be applied to the configuration for causing the waist wall and the vertical wall to act as load bearing walls, which is the subject of the present invention.
[0011]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-234406 A [Patent Document 2]
JP 2001-164645 A [Patent Document 3]
JP 2002-38630 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As shown in FIG. 4A, conventionally, when the vertical wall 26 and the waist wall 27 and the side wall 28 (bearing wall) move horizontally due to an earthquake or the like, the behavior of the hanging wall 26 and the waist wall 27 is changed to the side wall 28 (proof strength). It is assumed that there is no adverse effect on the wall), and between the vertical wall 26 and the side wall 28 and between the waist wall 27 and the side wall 28 are loosely joined structures. The behavior and the mutual behavior of the side wall 28 are as shown in FIG.
[0013]
That is, between the side walls 28 on both sides of the opening, the shearing force transmission mechanism is cut by the opening 8 and the vertical wall 26 and the waist wall 27 above and below the side wall 28. The resistance to the resistance is reduced, and the horizontal deformation is increased. Furthermore, as indicated by the arrows in FIG. 5A, downward force (pull-out force), upward force (compression force), rightward force, and leftward force are alternately circulated, and the greater the left / right swing is, The downward force (pull-out force) and the upward force (compression force) increase.
[0014]
In particular, since the downward force (pullout force) is the sum of the downward arrows of the dotted ellipse (b) in FIG. 5A, if this downward force is large, the downward force (pullout force) also increases. . In order to resist this pulling force, (1) it is necessary to increase the size of the vertical frame material for attaching the side wall 28 (bearing wall), and (2) the hole down hardware for mounting the vertical frame material to the foundation is also robust. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the size, and (3) it is necessary to increase the strength by making the anchor for fixing the hole-down hardware to the concrete foundation thicker and longer. The large pull-out force and compression force in this way increase the size of the hole-down hardware, anchor, and vertical frame.
[0015]
The root of the problem is that the hanging wall 26 and the waist wall 27 and the side wall 28 are loosely joined, and the hanging wall 26 and the waist wall 27 do not function as load-bearing walls. The problem cannot be solved.
[0016]
In order to solve the above problem, the vertical wall 26 and the waist wall 27 arranged above and below the opening are made to function as load-bearing walls. That is, the behavior of the side wall 28 is suppressed as much as possible by joining the vertical wall 26 and the waist wall 27 and the side wall 28 so as to be able to transmit a shearing force to each other. This is an idea opposite to the conventional loosely coupled structure of the vertical wall 26 and the waist wall 27 and both side walls, and the inventor of the present invention uses the vertical wall 26 and the waist wall 27 that have hardly been used in the past as shear panels. It has been found that the horizontal deformation of the side wall 28 can be suppressed and the pulling force and the compressive force acting on the side wall 28 can be further suppressed by using it effectively.
[0017]
An object of this invention is to provide the reinforcement structure of the opening wall in a steel house created based on the said knowledge.
[0018]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is configured as follows.
[0019]
1st invention fixed the both ends to the vertical frame material for the lintel support attachment and the vertical frame material for both of the lintel support attachments that were erected at a predetermined interval between the lower frame material and the upper frame material. The opening upper frame material and the opening lower frame material constitute four sides of the opening, and the structural surface material is fixed to the frame material of each side and the frame material arranged outside each side with a drill screw. In a steel house consisting of a vertical wall, a waist wall, and side walls, and each frame member made of thin lightweight steel, the connecting hardware is positioned on the extension of the opening upper frame member and the opening lower frame member was placed, the side wall connecting hardware by sticking a drill screw, the connection hardware and vertical walls and the side walls through the waist wall and the side walls are shear communicatively coupled to each other, the connection The hardware includes a reinforcing frame member having substantially the same cross-sectional shape as the opening upper frame member and the opening lower frame member. And it is constructed by joining to the opening lower frame member, and further inserted into the opening hole in the vertical frame member for attaching the lintel support, and one end side protruding from the hole is fixed to the opening upper frame member or the opening lower frame member, It further comprises a connecting steel material made of L-shaped steel or the like having a predetermined length fixed to the reinforcing frame material on the other end side, the connecting steel material comprising the opening upper frame material or the opening lower frame material and the reinforcing material. The frame material is combined so as not to move laterally .
[0022]
[Action]
According to the present invention, in the opening wall of the steel house, the connection hardware is provided on the extension of the opening upper frame material and the opening lower frame material, and the side wall is joined to the connection hardware with a drill screw. The vertical wall, the waist wall, and the side wall can be coupled so as to be able to transmit a shearing force, and when the horizontal force acts due to an earthquake or the like, the vertical wall and the waist wall can function as a load bearing wall.
[0023]
In this way, the side walls on both sides of the opening, which have been divided in the past, are connected so as to be able to transmit shearing force to increase the rigidity, and the side walls are joined as the rigidity of the side walls increases. Horizontal deformation of the vertical frame member for mounting and other vertical frame members can be suppressed. Further, it is possible to reduce the pulling force and the compressive force acting on the vertical frame member for attaching the lintel support and other vertical frame members located on both sides of the opening, and as a result, (1) downsizing of the vertical frame material, (2 ) It is possible to achieve downsizing of the hole down hardware for fixing each vertical frame member to the foundation or the like, and (3) downsizing of the anchor for fixing the hole down hardware to the foundation. Therefore, the material cost reduction of these members, the ease of construction, etc. are implement | achieved and these can quantify an effect by the shear panel theory etc.
[0024]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0025]
FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematic views showing the basic principle of the present invention, and FIGS.
[0026]
6 (a), (b), FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show a wall 32 having an opening 8 such as a window in a steel house. A waist wall 27 is installed, and side walls (part of the load bearing wall) 28 are installed on both sides. Each wall is configured by fixing a structural face material to a frame material made of a thin lightweight steel plate with a drill screw. More specifically, in the vertical wall 26, a structural surface material is fixed to the upper frame material 3, the opening upper frame material 18, the lintel vertical frame material 19 and the like with a drill screw. In the waist wall 27, a structural face material is fixed to the lower frame member 1, the opening lower frame member 24, and the opening lower vertical frame member 25 with a drill screw. On the side wall 28, the structural surface material is fixed to the upper frame material 3, the lower frame material 1, the lintel support mounting vertical frame material 22, and the vertical frame material 2 a rising in parallel thereto with a drill screw.
[0027]
Furthermore, as shown in the dotted-line ellipse (c) in FIG. 6, in the present invention, the connection hardware 29 is installed on the extension lines of the opening upper frame member 18 and the opening lower frame member 24. The specific structure of the connection hardware 29 may be arbitrary. For example, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a reinforcing frame member made of a thin lightweight grooved steel having the same sectional shape as the upper and lower frame members 18 and 24 of the opening. You may comprise by 29a. Furthermore, the reinforcing steel frame 29a may be combined with a connecting steel material 33 made of L-shaped steel or the like having a predetermined length penetrating the lintel support mounting vertical frame material 22 left and right (for details, see FIGS. 10 will be described later).
[0028]
In the side wall 28, the structural face material 7, the upper frame material 3, the lower frame material 1, the vertical frame material 22 for attaching the lintel support, and the vertical frame material 2 a that rises in parallel to the outside of the frame material are drilled 23 In addition to fixing with the drill screw 23, the connection hardware 29 is also fixed. Accordingly, the upper frame member 3, the lower frame member 1, the vertical wall 26, the waist wall 27, and the side wall 28 in which the structural face material is fixed to the opening upper frame member 18 and the opening lower frame member 24 with the drill screw 23. Are firmly coupled to each other through the connection hardware 29 so as to transmit a shearing force.
[0029]
In the reinforcing structure of the opening wall configured as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the manner in which each wall is displaced when a horizontal force is applied due to an earthquake or the like is shown in FIG. In the same figure, when the vertical wall 26, the waist wall 27, and the side wall 28 that are located on the four sides of the opening 8 and horizontally move with the lower side 30 as a fixed portion, the vertical wall 26 Since both the side wall 28 and the waist wall 27 and the side wall 28 are firmly joined to each other via upper and lower connecting hardware 29, the conventional opening (FIG. 4 (a) and FIG. 5 (a)) is established. Does not occur. That is, the vertical wall 26 and the waist wall 27 and the both side walls 28 mutually transmit shearing force. At this time, the vertical wall 26 and the waist wall 27 function effectively as a shear panel so as to resist horizontal force. This contributes to reducing the swing of 28. Therefore, the rigidity of the side wall 28 is greatly improved.
[0030]
5B, when the upper side of the lower side 30 moves horizontally from side to side, a force in the direction of the arrow flows through the vertical wall 26 and the side wall 28 and the waist wall 27 and the side wall 28. That is, the vertical wall 26 and the side wall 28 and the waist wall 27 and the side wall 28 are firmly connected by the connection hardware 29, so that the transmission of force changes on the rectangular wall surface around the opening, and the four corners In 31, it becomes the flow of the force of the arrow. In addition, the force of the arrow flows on both side walls 28 in a range sandwiched between the extension line (a) of the lower end edge of the vertical wall 26 and the extension line (a) of the upper end edge of the waist wall 27. Furthermore, the force of the arrow flows also in the plane of the vertical wall 26 and the waist wall 27.
[0031]
Thus, the vertical wall 26, the waist wall 27, and the both side walls 28 are firmly connected to each other, so that the rectangular wall surface is integrally formed. As a result, when the upper part moves horizontally with the lower side 30 as a fixed part. In the rectangular frame, the force flows in the direction of the arrow in the area divided into eight as shown in FIG. 5B, and the direction of the force is opposite in the adjacent area, so that they cancel each other. Since they are mated or weakened, the force is not amplified and transmitted to the next compartment. In FIG. 5B, the pulling force is the sum of the arrows in the dotted ellipse (B), but when viewed from the side wall 28, it is understood by comparing the arrows in FIGS. 5B and 5A. Thus, in the present invention, the direction of the force is weakened, the pulling force indicated by the downward arrow on the lower side 30 is weak, and accordingly, the compressive force indicated by the upward arrow on the lower side 30 is also reduced. .
[0032]
According to the present invention, since the upward force (compression force) and the downward force (pull-out force) are both small, the vertical frame member 22 and the vertical frame member 2a can be downsized. Moreover, since the strength of the hole-down hardware for attaching the vertical frame member 22 for attaching the lintel support and the vertical frame member 2a to the foundation or the like may be small, the size can be reduced. Furthermore, the anchor for fixing the hole-down hardware to the concrete foundation may be small in size, and thus can be downsized.
[0033]
The detailed structure of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that the opening upper frame member 18, the opening lower frame member 24, the lintel support attaching vertical frame member 22, the adjacent vertical frame member 2 a, etc. constituting the four sides of the window 8 b (opening 8) are shown in FIG. Therefore, in the following, common elements will be denoted by common reference numerals and redundant description will be omitted, and the characteristic structure of the present invention will be described.
[0034]
9 and 10, the connection hardware 29 includes a reinforcing frame member 29 a having the same cross-sectional shape as the opening upper frame member 18 and the opening lower frame member 24, and a connecting steel member 33 having a predetermined length such as L-shaped steel. Both members are provided on the extension lines of the opening upper frame member 18 and the opening lower frame member 24. Further, the reinforcing frame member 29 a is fixed to the outer side surface (side surface opposite to the opening 8) of the lintel support attaching vertical frame member 22 with a drill screw 23. The connecting steel member 33 is inserted through a hole 34 formed in the vertical frame member 22 for attaching the lintel support, and is extended to substantially the same length from side to side. One end side of the connecting steel member 33 is a groove. It is inserted into the opening upper frame member 18 and the opening lower frame member 24 made of shape steel, and the other end is inserted into a reinforcing frame member 29a made of grooved steel.
[0035]
Holes are opened in the connecting steel member 33 at predetermined intervals, and the drill screws 23 inserted therethrough are placed on the upper and lower surfaces of the upper and lower frame members 18, 24, so that the connecting steel member 33 is interposed therebetween. Thus, the opening upper and lower frame members 18 and 24 and the reinforcing frame member 29a are coupled so as not to move in the lateral direction.
[0036]
Since the vertical frame member 22 for attaching the lintel supports has a plurality of holes 34 for wiring or the like, it is preferable to use one of the wiring holes as the hole 34 through which the connecting steel material 33 is inserted. .
[0037]
After constructing the wall frame material of the opening 8 provided with the reinforcing frame material 29a and the connecting steel material 33 (connection hardware 29), the structure of the vertical wall 26 and the waist wall 27 is formed on each frame material around the opening 8. A wall surface around the opening 8 is constructed by applying the structural surface material 7 to the structural surface material 7 of the side wall 28. At this time, the structural face materials of the vertical wall 26 and the waist wall 27 are fixed by the drill screw 23 to the opening upper frame member 18 and the opening lower frame member 24 to which one end side of the connecting steel material 33 is fixed. The structural face material 7 of the side wall 28 is reinforced to the connecting steel material 33 in addition to being fixed to the vertical frame material 22 for attaching the lintel support and the adjacent vertical frame material 2a with the drill screw 23. It is fixed to the frame member 29a with a drill screw 23 (this portion becomes an increased hitting portion of the drill screw as compared with the conventional case).
[0038]
Therefore, the vertical wall 26 and the side wall 28 and the waist wall 27 and the side wall 28 are coupled to each other by the upper and lower connecting hardware 29 so as to be able to transmit a shearing force to each other, and the force transmission path shown in FIG. The desired effect is achieved.
[0039]
In addition, it is included in the scope of the present invention to appropriately change the design of the configuration shown in each embodiment. For example, the cross-sectional shape and overall structure of the connecting steel material 33 may be other than those shown in the drawings. Each frame member constituting the opening 8 and the hanging wall 26 and waist wall 27 side wall 28 attached thereto can be modularized with walls including fittings such as sashes.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, in the opening wall of the steel house, the connection hardware is provided on the extension of the opening upper frame material and the opening lower frame material, and both the side walls are joined to the connection hardware with a drill screw. The vertical wall, the waist wall, and the both side walls can be coupled to each other so that shear force can be transmitted, and when the horizontal force is applied due to an earthquake or the like, the vertical wall and the waist wall can function as a load bearing wall.
[0041]
In this way, the side walls on both sides of the opening that have been divided in the past are connected so as to be able to transmit a shearing force and the rigidity is increased, so as the rigidity of the side wall increases, the side wall is deformed horizontally. Can be suppressed. Thereby, the drawing-out force and compression force which act on the vertical frame material for lintel support attachment and the vertical frame material of the outer side located in the both sides of an opening part can be reduced. As a result, (1) downsizing of the vertical frame material, (2) downsizing of the hole down hardware for fixing each vertical frame material to the foundation, and (3) downsizing of the anchor for fixing the hole down hardware to the base can be achieved. . Therefore, the material cost reduction of these members, the ease of construction, etc. are realized.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a steel house shown as a conventional example.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are an exploded perspective view of an opening frame member (window frame) and a perspective view after assembly.
FIG. 3 is a front view of an opening wall according to a conventional example.
FIGS. 4A and 4B are schematic views of deformation modes of a vertical wall, a waist wall, and both side walls in a conventional opening wall and the opening wall according to the present invention. FIGS.
FIGS. 5A and 5B are transmission path diagrams of shearing force when the vertical wall, the waist wall, and both side walls of the conventional opening wall and the opening wall according to the present invention are deformed, respectively.
6A and 6B are a schematic view of an opening wall and a schematic view of an opening frame material according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view after the opening (window frame) is assembled according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a front view of an opening wall according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view of the reinforcing structure of the opening wall according to the embodiment. .
FIGS. 10A and 10B are cross-sectional views taken along lines (A) and (B) of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lower frame material 2 Vertical frame material 2a Vertical frame material 3 Upper frame material 5a Side joist 5b Edge joist 7 Structural surface material 8 Opening part 8a Entrance / exit 8b Window 10 Floor joist 10a Floor opening joist 10b Floor opening joist 10c Joist receiving fixture 10d stopper 11 receiving fixture 12 floor beam 13 structural face 14 floor panel 15 lintel 17 lintel frame 18 opening upper frame 19 lintel vertical frame 20 lintel receiving 21 lintel receiving hardware 22 Vertical frame member 23 for mounting the lintel holder Drill screw 24 Opening lower frame member 24a Receiving member 25 Opening lower vertical frame member 26 Hanging wall 27 Waist wall 28 Side wall 29 Connection hardware 29a Reinforcing frame member 30 Lower side 31 Corner 32 Wall 33 Steel for connection 34 Hole

Claims (1)

A vertical frame material for installing a lintel support that is erected at a predetermined interval between a lower frame material and an upper frame material, and an opening upper frame material that has both ends fixed to the vertical frame material for both lintel support installations, and A vertical wall and a waist wall formed by forming four sides of the opening with the lower frame material of the opening, and fixing the structural face material to the frame material of each side and the frame material arranged outside each side with a drill screw In the steel house consisting of the above-mentioned frame members made of thin plate lightweight section steel, connecting hardware is installed so as to be located on the extension of the opening upper frame material and the opening lower frame material. By fixing the side wall to the hardware with a drill screw, the vertical wall and the side wall and the waist wall and the side wall are coupled to each other through the connection hardware so that shearing force can be transmitted to each other.
The connection hardware is configured by joining a reinforcing frame member having substantially the same cross-sectional shape as the opening upper frame member and the opening lower frame member to the opening upper frame member and the opening lower frame member,
Further, the vertical frame member for attaching the lintel support is inserted into the opening hole, and one end side protruding from the hole is fixed to the upper frame member of the opening or the lower frame member of the opening, and the other end side is fixed to the reinforcing frame member. It further includes a connecting steel material made of L-shaped steel or the like having a predetermined length,
The connecting steel material is a reinforcing structure of an opening wall in a steel house , wherein the opening upper frame material or the opening lower frame material and the reinforcing frame material are coupled so as not to move laterally. .

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