JP3967965B2 - High elongation nylon fiber - Google Patents
High elongation nylon fiber Download PDFInfo
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- JP3967965B2 JP3967965B2 JP2002159861A JP2002159861A JP3967965B2 JP 3967965 B2 JP3967965 B2 JP 3967965B2 JP 2002159861 A JP2002159861 A JP 2002159861A JP 2002159861 A JP2002159861 A JP 2002159861A JP 3967965 B2 JP3967965 B2 JP 3967965B2
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- Prior art keywords
- nylon
- resin
- elongation
- fiber
- high elongation
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 title claims description 59
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 81
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 35
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 fatty acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012770 industrial material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007154 Coffea arabica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005749 Copper compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004609 Impact Modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Laurolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCN1 JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000571 Nylon 11 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001007 Nylon 4 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003189 Nylon 4,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000895 acaricidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000642 acaricide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011538 cleaning material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016213 coffee Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013353 coffee beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001880 copper compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003484 crystal nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N edrophonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1 BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009569 green tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000077 insect repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006082 mold release agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012778 molding material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高伸度を有するナイロン繊維および高伸度ナイロン繊維からなる不織布に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、ナイロン繊維からなる不織布は産業資材を中心に広く用いられている。その中で耐熱性を要求される用途には、ナイロン66樹脂の不織布、あるいはナイロン6樹脂にナイロン66樹脂を混合した不織布が用いられてきた。しかしながら、これらナイロン66樹脂あるいはナイロン6樹脂とナイロン66樹脂の混合物を用いた繊維では、耐熱性は付与できても十分な伸度を得るのは困難である。
【0003】
これまでにも、ナイロン繊維の伸度を向上させるために、各種の提案がなされている。具体的には、半延伸状態または未延伸状態のナイロン繊維を溶剤処理または熱処理する方法(例えば、特開昭52−74018号公報)、延伸されナイロン繊維を炭素数1〜3のn−アルコールで処理する方法(例えば、特開昭57−66181号公報)、断面積が繊維軸方向に沿って変動する太細加工糸とする方法(例えば、特開平8−209472号公報)、粘度差を有する2種類のナイロンをサイドバイサイド型に配置して潜在捲縮糸とする方法(例えば、特開2000−27031号公報)、ナイロン66のペレットとポリマー粉末の降温結晶化温度の差を利用する方法(例えば、特開平07−278951号公報)等を挙げることが出来る。
【0004】
しかし、これらの方法では、未延伸糸を用いるために、寸法安定性が劣っていたり、後加工や特殊な製法を必要とする等の問題がある。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、後加工の必要がなくコスト面で有利であり、かつ製造が容易で、十分に高い伸度を有するナイロン繊維およびそれからなる不織布を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記の課題を解決すべく鋭意検討した結果、特定のナイロン樹脂を組み合わせることにより、飛躍的に伸度が向上したポリアミド繊維を得ることができ、また、それらの樹脂間の相対粘度の差により、得られる効果が異なることを見出し、本発明に到達した。
【0007】
すなわち、本発明は下記の通りである。
【0008】
1.主成分としてナイロン66樹脂またはナイロン66樹脂とナイロン6樹脂との混合物から構成され、副成分としてナイロン610樹脂を1〜20wt%含有し、かつ、主成分であるナイロン66樹脂またはナイロン66樹脂とナイロン6樹脂の混合物の相対粘度よりも、副成分であるナイロン610樹脂の相対粘度が0.5以上高いことを特徴とする高伸度ナイロン繊維。
【0009】
2.主成分であるナイロン66樹脂とナイロン6樹脂との混合物において、ナイロン6樹脂の混合比率が10〜90wt%であることを特徴とする上記1記載の高伸度ナイロン繊維。
【0010】
3.上記1または2記載の高伸度ナイロン繊維からなる不織布。
【0011】
なお、ナイロン66樹脂、ナイロン6樹脂、ナイロン610樹脂とは、それぞれ、−NH(CH2)6NHOC(CH2)4CO−、−OC(CH2)6NH−、−NH(CH2)6NHOC(CH2)8CO−、の繰り返し単位からなるポリアミド樹脂である。
【0012】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0013】
本発明において、ナイロン66樹脂、ナイロン6樹脂の相対粘度は、特に制限はないが、一般的な溶融紡糸法にて長繊維を得るためには、生産性の観点から、相対粘度が2.0〜4.0の範囲のものが好ましく、ナイロン66樹脂とナイロン6樹脂を混合した場合のそれぞれの相対粘度は同じである事が好ましい。
【0014】
本発明において、副成分であるナイロン610樹脂の相対粘度は、主成分であるナイロン66樹脂あるいはナイロン66樹脂とナイロン6樹脂の混合物の相対粘度よりも0.5以上高いことが必要であり、0.8以上高いことがより好ましく、特に好ましくは0.9以上である。副成分であるナイロン610樹脂の相対粘度が、主成分であるナイロン66樹脂、ナイロン6樹脂の相対粘度よりも大きく、その相対粘度差が上記の範囲であると、十分な伸度の向上効果が得られる。
【0015】
ナイロン610樹脂の相対粘度の上限は、特に限定されないが、一般的な溶融紡糸法により長繊維を得るためには、生産性の観点から、6.0以下が好ましく用いられる。
【0016】
本発明の高伸度ナイロン繊維においては、ナイロン66樹脂あるいはナイロン6樹脂とナイロン66樹脂の混合物を主成分とし、ナイロン610樹脂の含有割合は1〜20wt%であり、好ましくは3〜15wt%、さらに好ましくは5〜15wt%である。ナイロン610樹脂の含有割合が上記の範囲であると、糸切れの発生がなく、十分に高い伸度を有するナイロン繊維を安定的に得ることが出来る。
【0017】
本発明において、上記のような優れた効果を奏する理由は必ずしも明確ではないが、主体となるナイロン66樹脂あるいはナイロン6樹脂とナイロン66樹脂の混合物に対して、相対粘度が0.5以上高い副成分であるナイロン610樹脂を1〜20wt%含有させることにより、ナイロン66樹脂あるいはナイロン66樹脂とナイロン6樹脂の混合物の延伸配向が抑制され、低モジュラスで高伸度のナイロン繊維が得られるものと推測される。そのような延伸配向に対する抑制効果は、含有させるナイロン樹脂の相対粘度と含有量が大きく影響し、相対粘度の高いナイロン樹脂が、ナイロン66樹脂あるいはナイロン6樹脂とナイロン66樹脂の混合物中に適度に分散している状態が好ましいのであろうと推察される。
【0018】
本発明においては、主成分である混合物において、ナイロン6樹脂の混合比率が10〜90wt%であることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは30〜70wt%である。
【0019】
また、本発明においては、成形性、靭性、表面性等の必要特性に応じて、上記のナイロン610樹脂に、さらに他のナイロン樹脂を加えても良い。他のナイロン樹脂としては、例えば、ナイロン4樹脂、ナイロン11樹脂、ナイロン12樹脂、ナイロン46樹脂、及びこれらの混合物ないしは共重合体などが挙げられる。
【0020】
さらに、本発明の高伸度ナイロン繊維には、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で、他の常用の各種添加成分、例えば、各種エラストマー類などの衝撃性改良材、結晶核剤、着色防止剤、ヒンダードフェノール、ヒンダードアミンなどの酸化防止剤、エチレンビスステアリルアミドや高級脂肪酸エステルなどの離型剤、ハロゲン化銅に代表される銅化合物などの耐熱剤、エポキシ化合物、可塑剤、滑剤、耐候剤、難燃剤、着色剤などの添加剤を添加することが出来る。
【0021】
本発明の高伸度ナイロン繊維において、単糸の断面は、円形や楕円形、三角や四角等の多角形、扁平や中空等の異型断面形状でもよく、繊度についても特に制限はなく、必要特性に応じて任意に設定することが出来る。また、繊維の形態についても、モノフィラメント、マルチフィラメント、ステープル等のいずれの形態でも良い。
【0022】
本発明の高伸度ナイロン繊維を製造する方法には特に制限はなく、公知の方法を適用することができる。即ち、主成分と副成分とを所定割合で用いればよく、例えば、以下の様な方法が挙げられる。
【0023】
繊維の形成には、一般に使用される紡糸口金を用いて溶融紡糸をすればよい。主成分に副成分であるナイロン610樹脂を含有させる方法は、例えば、ナイロン66樹脂あるいはナイロン6樹脂に、ナイロン610樹脂をマスターバッチ化し、得られたマスターバッチを用いて主成分と副成分との所定割合の混合物とする方法、主成分と副成分とを所定割合でドライブレンドして混合する方法等があるが、コスト面から、ドライブレンド法を採用することが好ましい。そして、紡糸した糸条は、冷却した後に延伸や熱処理を施し、巻き取る。このとき、紡糸した糸条を一旦巻き取った後に延伸、熱処理を行う二工程法でも、一旦巻き取ることなく延伸、熱処理を行う一工程法のどちらを採用してもよい。
【0024】
さらに、本発明の高伸度ナイロン繊維には、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で、他の常用の後加工、例えば、難燃剤、消臭剤、抗菌剤、防ダニ剤などの付与をしてもよいし、染色、撥水加工、透湿防水加工などを施してもよい。
【0025】
本発明の高伸度ナイロン繊維は、単独で使用することも、あるいは他の繊維と混用して、製編織することもできる。他の繊維としては、公知の天然繊維、人造繊維、合成繊維等、特に制限は無い。他の繊維と混用する方法としては、混繊、合糸、合撚、交織、交編、混紡などの種々の方法を用いることができる。
【0026】
本発明の高伸度ナイロン繊維は伸度が極めて高く、破断伸度は約180%にも達し、通常のナイロン繊維の1.7倍から2.3倍に相当するので、従来は伸度不足で破断が起こりやすいために、使用不可能であった各種用途にも広く供することが可能である。
【0027】
さらに、本発明の高伸度ナイロン繊維は、低モジュラスであり、20%伸長時のモジュラス値は、従来のナイロン繊維の2分の1程度であり、小さな変形応力での加工が可能となる。
【0028】
また、ナイロン6樹脂とナイロン66樹脂の融点差は約30℃であるが、両者の比率を変えることにより、耐熱性、成形性等の物性を任意に巾広く変えることができるので、用途に応じて所望の物性を付与することができる。
【0029】
本発明の不織布は、上述のような高伸度ナイロン繊維からなるものであり、その製造方法には特に制限はない。例えば、本発明の高伸度ナイロン繊維を用いて不織布を製造する際に、繊維をシート状に形成させてウェブ化する工程と、ウェブ内の繊維を接着あるいは絡み合わせて布形化する工程とを、二工程で行ってもよいし、一工程で行ってもよい。
【0030】
また、ウェブを構成する繊維として短繊維あるいは長繊維のいずれを用いてもよく、その形成方法としても、カーディングやエアレイなどの乾式法、抄紙法などの湿式法、スパンボンド法とメルトブロー法に代表される紡糸直結法などのいずれの方法を用いても良い。さらに、ウェブを接着あるいは絡み合わせる方法としても、接着剤を用いてウェブ中の繊維を接着させる化学的接着法、カレンダー法、スルーエアヒーティング法などの熱的接着法、ニードルパンチ法、水流交絡法、ステッチボンド法などの機械的接着法などのいずれの方法を用いても良い。
【0031】
なかでも、スパンボンド法で得られる不織布は、短繊維を経る事なく直接長繊維をウェブ化することにより作られるので、布強度が強く且つボンディング部の破損による短繊維の脱落がないなどの物性上の特徴を有し、かつ、生産性が高く、カード式短繊維不織布に比較して長所が多いため、衛生、土木、建築、農業・園芸を中心に広範な用途で使用されており、本発明の高伸度ポリアミド繊維からなる不織布としては好適である。
【0032】
本発明の不織布は、形状、形態、目付等についても、必要とされる特性に応じて任意に設定することが出来る。また、本発明の不織布に印刷、染色、コーティング加工などを施すことも可能であるし、種類の異なる素材、製法、製品を複合化しても何ら差し支えない。
【0033】
本発明の不織布は、従来のナイロン不織布が用いられている用途に広く使用可能である。例えば、衣料部材、ディスポ衣料、靴部材などの衣料用途、保護衣、防護用品などの防護用途、手術着、マスク、ハップ剤基布などの医療用途、ルーフィング、タフト・カーペット基布、結露防止シートなどの建築用途、補強材、保護材、地中埋設管の補修材などの土木用途、自動車内装、自動車部品などの車両用途、救急用品、洗浄用品、おしぼりなどの衛生用途、カーペット、家具部材、壁紙などの家具・インテリア用途、ウェットワイパー、クリーニング材などのワイパー用途、空気フィルター、バグフィルター、エレクトレットフィルターなどのフィルター用途、布団、布団袋、枕カバーなどの寝装用途、べた掛けシート、防草シート、園芸プランターなどの農業・園芸用途、人工皮革用基布、合成皮革用基布、塩ビレザー用基布などの人工皮革類の基布用途、収納用品、包装資材、台所用品などの生活資材用途、電気材料、製品材料、機器部材などの工業資材用途などである。
【0034】
特に、本発明の不織布は、低モジュラスで破断伸度が高いので、大きな伸長や複雑な形状変形を伴う高度な成形部材として適している。例えば、ドアトリム、天井成形材、シート内張布などの自動車内装材、緑茶、紅茶、コーヒーなどの食品用フィルターバッグ、防虫剤、芳香剤などの揮発性薬剤容器などの用途が挙げられる。
【0035】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、実施例により本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらにより何ら限定されるものではない。
【0036】
なお、測定方法、評価方法等は下記の通りである。また、樹脂の混合比率はwt比である。
【0037】
(1)相対粘度
98%硫酸を溶媒とし、濃度1g/dl、温度25℃にてオストワルド粘度管にて測定した。
【0038】
(2)糸の強伸度
東洋ボールドウィン社製テンシロンSTM101型を用いて、つかみ間隔100mmで、2回/50mmの撚りを加え、引張速度200mm/minで伸長し、得られた切断時荷重を単位繊度当たりに換算して強度とし、測定回数5回の平均値を求めた。
【0039】
また、同様にして得られた切断時伸張率の平均値を伸度とした。
【0040】
(3)不織布の強伸度
島津製作所社製オートグラフAGS−5G型を用いて、3cm幅の試料を、つかみ間隔100mm、引張速度200mm/minで伸長し、得られた切断時荷重を強度とし、不織布のタテ(MD)方向、ヨコ(CD)方向についてそれぞれ10回づつ測定を行い、その総平均値を求めた。
【0041】
また、同様にして得られた切断時伸張率の総平均値を伸度とした。
【0042】
〔実施例1〕
相対粘度2.5のナイロン6樹脂とナイロン66樹脂を52対42の比率で混合したものに、相対粘度3.4のナイロン610樹脂を含有量が5wt%となるようにドライブレンドにて混合し、常用の溶融紡糸装置に供給した。次に、270℃にて均一に溶融混合し、円形断面の紡糸孔を有する紡糸口金から溶融紡出して速度4000m/分にて引き取り、2.14dtexのナイロン繊維を得た。このナイロン繊維の糸強伸度を表1に示す。伸度は113%と高伸度であった。
【0043】
〔実施例2〕
実施例1において、ナイロン610樹脂の含有量が7wt%となるように混合したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてナイロン繊維を得た。このナイロン繊維の糸強伸度を表1に示す。伸度は156%と高伸度であった。
【0044】
〔実施例3〕
実施例1において、ナイロン610樹脂の含有量が10wt%となるように混合したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてナイロン繊維を得た。このナイロン繊維の糸強伸度を表1に示す。伸度は179%と高伸度であった。
【0045】
〔実施例4〕
実施例1において、ナイロン610樹脂の含有量が13wt%となるように混合したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてナイロン繊維を得た。このナイロン繊維の糸強伸度を表1に示す。伸度は157%と高伸度であった。
【0046】
〔実施例5〕
実施例1において、ナイロン610樹脂の含有量が20wt%となるように混合したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてナイロン繊維を得た。このナイロン繊維の糸強伸度を表1に示す。伸度は119%と高伸度であった。
【0047】
〔実施例6〕
相対粘度2.5のナイロン66樹脂に、相対粘度3.4のナイロン610樹脂を含有量が10wt%となるようにドライブレンドにて混合し合したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてナイロン繊維を得た。このナイロン繊維の糸強伸度を表1に示す。伸度は150%と高伸度であった。
【0048】
〔実施例7〕
実施例1において、ナイロン6樹脂とナイロン66樹脂を25対75の比率にして、ナイロン610樹脂の含有量が10wt%となるように混合したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてナイロン繊維を得た。このナイロン繊維の糸強伸度を表1に示す。伸度は168%と高伸度であった。
【0049】
〔実施例8〕
実施例7において、ナイロン6樹脂とナイロン66樹脂を75対25の比率にして、ナイロン610樹脂の含有量が10wt%となるように混合したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてナイロン繊維を得た。このナイロン繊維の糸強伸度を表1に示す。伸度は176%と高伸度であった。
【0050】
〔実施例9〕
実施例3にて得られたナイロン繊維を開繊分散してウェブを形成し、エンボスロールとフラットロール間で部分熱圧着して、130g/m2の長繊維不織布を作成した。この不織布の不織布強伸度を表1に示す。得られた不織布は高伸度であった。
【0051】
〔比較例1〕
実施例1において、ナイロン610樹脂を添加しないこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてナイロン繊維を得た。このポリアミド繊維の糸強伸度を表1に示す。伸度は88%であった。
【0052】
〔比較例2〕
実施例1において、ナイロン610樹脂を100wt%としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてナイロン繊維を得た。このナイロン繊維の糸強伸度を表1に示す。伸度は77%であった。
【0053】
〔比較例3〕
実施例1において、ナイロン6樹脂を100wt%としたこと以外は、実施例1と同様にしてナイロン繊維を得た。このナイロン繊維の糸強伸度を表1に示す。伸度は77%であった。実施例8で得られたナイロン繊維に比べ、低伸度であった。
【0054】
〔比較例4〕
比較例1にて得られたナイロン繊維を開繊分散してウェブを形成し、エンボスロールとフラットロール間で部分熱圧着して、130g/m2の長繊維不織布を作成した。この不織布の不織布強伸度を表1に示す。得られた不織布は、実施例9で得られた不織布に比べ、低伸度であった。
【0055】
【表1】
【0056】
【発明の効果】
本発明の高伸度ナイロン繊維およびそれからなる不織布は、後加工の必要がなく、コスト面で有利であり、かつ、高い伸度を有しており、高伸度を要求される用途に好適に利用できる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a nylon fiber having a high elongation and a nonwoven fabric made of a high elongation nylon fiber.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a nonwoven fabric made of nylon fibers has been widely used mainly for industrial materials. Among them, a nylon 66 resin nonwoven fabric or a nonwoven fabric in which nylon 66 resin is mixed with nylon 6 resin has been used for applications requiring heat resistance. However, it is difficult to obtain sufficient elongation even if heat resistance can be imparted with fibers using these nylon 66 resins or a mixture of nylon 6 resin and nylon 66 resin.
[0003]
Various proposals have been made so far in order to improve the elongation of nylon fibers. Specifically, a semi-stretched or unstretched nylon fiber is subjected to a solvent treatment or heat treatment (for example, JP-A-52-74018), and the stretched nylon fiber is made of n-alcohol having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. A processing method (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-66181), a method for forming a finely processed thread whose cross-sectional area varies along the fiber axis direction (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-209472), and having a viscosity difference A method of arranging two types of nylon in a side-by-side type to form a latently crimped yarn (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-27031), a method using a difference in temperature-falling crystallization temperature between nylon 66 pellets and polymer powder (for example, JP, 07-278951, A) etc. can be mentioned.
[0004]
However, in these methods, since undrawn yarn is used, there are problems such as poor dimensional stability and the need for post-processing and special manufacturing methods.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a nylon fiber having a sufficiently high elongation and a non-woven fabric comprising the same, which is advantageous in terms of cost because it does not require post-processing, is easy to manufacture.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors can obtain a polyamide fiber with dramatically improved elongation by combining a specific nylon resin, and between these resins. The inventors have found that the effect obtained varies depending on the difference in relative viscosity, and have reached the present invention.
[0007]
That is, the present invention is as follows.
[0008]
1. Is composed of a mixture of nylon 66 resin or nylon 66 resin and nylon 6 resin as a main component, nylon 610 trees fat containing 1 to 20 wt% as an auxiliary component, and a nylon 66 resin or nylon 66 resin as the main component nylon 6 than the relative viscosity of the mixture of resin, high elongation nylon fiber relative viscosity of the nylon 610 tree fat may be higher than 0.5 which is a by-component.
[0009]
2. 2. The high elongation nylon fiber as described in 1 above, wherein the mixture ratio of nylon 66 resin and nylon 6 resin as main components is 10 to 90 wt% of the mixing ratio of nylon 6 resin.
[0010]
3. 3. A nonwoven fabric comprising the high elongation nylon fiber according to 1 or 2 above.
[0011]
Incidentally, nylon 66 resin, nylon 6 resin, and nylon 610 trees fat, respectively, -NH (CH 2) 6 NHOC (CH 2) 4 CO -, - OC (CH 2) 6 NH -, - NH (CH 2 ) 6 NHOC (CH 2 ) 8 CO— , a polyamide resin composed of repeating units.
[0012]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0013]
In the present invention, the relative viscosity of nylon 66 resin and nylon 6 resin is not particularly limited, but in order to obtain long fibers by a general melt spinning method, the relative viscosity is 2.0 from the viewpoint of productivity. Those in the range of ˜4.0 are preferable, and the relative viscosities when the nylon 66 resin and the nylon 6 resin are mixed are preferably the same.
[0014]
In the present invention, the relative viscosity of the nylon 610 tree butter is subcomponent, it is necessary that the higher 0.5 or higher than the relative viscosity of the mixture of nylon 66 resin, nylon 66 resin and nylon 6 resin as the main component, It is more preferably 0.8 or higher, particularly preferably 0.9 or higher. The relative viscosity of the nylon 610 tree butter is subcomponent is greater than the relative viscosity of the nylon 66 resin, nylon 6 resin as the main component, when the relative viscosity difference is in the above range, sufficient improvement in elongation effect Is obtained.
[0015]
The upper limit of the relative viscosity of the nylon 610 tree butter is not particularly limited, in order to obtain long fibers by a general melt-spinning process, from the viewpoint of productivity, it is 6.0 or less is preferably used.
[0016]
In high elongation nylon fiber of the present invention, nylon 66 and the mixture of resin or nylon 6 resin and nylon 66 resin as the main component, the content of nylon 610 tree butter is 1 to 20 wt%, preferably 3 to 15% More preferably, it is 5 to 15 wt% . If the content of the nylon 610 trees fat is in the above range, there is no occurrence of yarn breakage, it is possible to obtain a nylon fiber having a sufficiently high elongation stably.
[0017]
In the present invention, the reason why the above-described excellent effect is obtained is not necessarily clear, but the secondary viscosity is higher by 0.5 or more than the main nylon 66 resin or a mixture of nylon 6 resin and nylon 66 resin. those by causing the nylon 610 tree butter is a component contained 1 to 20 wt%, stretching and orientation of nylon 66 resin, nylon 66 resin and nylon 6 mixture of the resin is suppressed, nylon fiber high elongation can be obtained at low modulus It is guessed. Such a restraining effect on stretch orientation is greatly influenced by the relative viscosity and content of the nylon resin to be contained, and the nylon resin having a high relative viscosity is moderately added to the nylon 66 resin or the mixture of the nylon 6 resin and the nylon 66 resin. It is assumed that a dispersed state would be preferable.
[0018]
In the present invention, in the mixture which is the main component, the mixing ratio of the nylon 6 resin is preferably 10 to 90 wt%, more preferably 30 to 70 wt%.
[0019]
In the present invention, formability, toughness, depending on the required properties such as surface properties, the above nylon 610 tree butter, may be added a further nylon resin. Examples of other nylon resins include nylon 4 resin, nylon 11 resin, nylon 12 resin, nylon 46 resin, and mixtures or copolymers thereof.
[0020]
Furthermore, the high elongation nylon fiber of the present invention includes other commonly used additive components, for example, impact modifiers such as various elastomers, crystal nucleating agents, and anti-coloring agents, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired. , Antioxidants such as hindered phenols and hindered amines, mold release agents such as ethylenebisstearylamide and higher fatty acid esters, heat-resistant agents such as copper compounds typified by copper halides, epoxy compounds, plasticizers, lubricants, weathering agents Additives such as flame retardants and colorants can be added.
[0021]
In the high elongation nylon fiber of the present invention, the cross-section of the single yarn may be a circular or elliptical shape, a polygonal shape such as a triangle or a square, or an irregular cross-sectional shape such as a flat shape or a hollow shape. It can be set arbitrarily according to Further, the form of the fiber may be any form such as a monofilament, a multifilament, and a staple.
[0022]
There is no restriction | limiting in particular in the method of manufacturing the high elongation nylon fiber of this invention, A well-known method is applicable. That is, the main component and the subcomponent may be used at a predetermined ratio, and examples thereof include the following method.
[0023]
The fiber may be formed by melt spinning using a commonly used spinneret. Method, for example, a nylon 66 resin, nylon 6 resin, nylon 610 trees fat master batch, the main component by using a master batch obtained and the subcomponent to be contained nylon 610 trees fat as a main component is a subcomponent And a method of dry blending the main component and the subcomponent at a predetermined ratio, and the dry blend method is preferred from the viewpoint of cost. Then, the spun yarn is cooled and then subjected to stretching or heat treatment and wound. At this time, either a two-step method in which the spun yarn is once wound and then stretched or heat-treated, or a one-step method in which the yarn is stretched or heat-treated without being wound once may be adopted.
[0024]
Further, the high elongation nylon fiber of the present invention is provided with other conventional post-processing, for example, a flame retardant, a deodorant, an antibacterial agent, an acaricide, etc., within a range not to impair the purpose of the present invention. Alternatively, dyeing, water repellent finish, moisture permeable waterproof finish, etc. may be applied.
[0025]
The high elongation nylon fiber of the present invention can be used alone or mixed with other fibers and knitted and woven. Other fibers are not particularly limited, such as known natural fibers, artificial fibers, and synthetic fibers. As a method of mixing with other fibers, various methods such as mixed fiber, synthetic yarn, mixed twist, union weaving, union knitting, and mixed spinning can be used.
[0026]
The high elongation nylon fiber of the present invention has a very high elongation, the elongation at break reaches as high as about 180%, which corresponds to 1.7 to 2.3 times that of normal nylon fiber, so that the conventional elongation is insufficient. Since it is easy to break, it can be widely used for various applications that could not be used.
[0027]
Furthermore, the high elongation nylon fiber of the present invention has a low modulus, and the modulus value at 20% elongation is about one-half that of a conventional nylon fiber, and can be processed with a small deformation stress.
[0028]
Also, the difference in melting point between nylon 6 resin and nylon 66 resin is about 30 ° C, but by changing the ratio between the two, the physical properties such as heat resistance and moldability can be changed widely and arbitrarily. Desired physical properties.
[0029]
The nonwoven fabric of the present invention is made of the high elongation nylon fiber as described above, and the production method is not particularly limited. For example, when producing a nonwoven fabric using the high elongation nylon fiber of the present invention, a process of forming a fiber into a sheet and forming a web, and a process of forming a cloth by bonding or intertwining fibers in the web May be performed in two steps or in one step.
[0030]
In addition, either short fibers or long fibers may be used as the fibers constituting the web, and the forming method may be a dry method such as carding or air lay, a wet method such as a papermaking method, a spunbond method and a melt blow method. Any method such as a representative spinning direct connection method may be used. In addition, as a method of bonding or entanglement of webs, chemical bonding methods in which fibers in the web are bonded using an adhesive, calendering methods, thermal bonding methods such as through air heating methods, needle punching methods, hydroentanglement Any method such as a mechanical bonding method such as a stitch bonding method or a stitch bonding method may be used.
[0031]
Among them, the nonwoven fabric obtained by the spunbond method is made by forming a long fiber directly into a web without passing through the short fiber, so that the physical properties such as strong cloth strength and no short fiber falling off due to breakage of the bonding part. It has the above features, is highly productive, and has many advantages over card-type short fiber nonwoven fabrics, so it is used in a wide range of applications mainly in hygiene, civil engineering, architecture, agriculture and horticulture. It is suitable as a nonwoven fabric composed of the high elongation polyamide fiber of the invention.
[0032]
The nonwoven fabric of the present invention can be arbitrarily set with respect to the required properties with respect to shape, form, basis weight, and the like. The nonwoven fabric of the present invention can be printed, dyed, coated, etc., and different types of materials, manufacturing methods and products can be combined.
[0033]
The nonwoven fabric of the present invention can be widely used in applications where conventional nylon nonwoven fabrics are used. For example, apparel materials such as apparel materials, disposable apparel and shoe materials, protective apparel such as protective clothing, protective equipment, medical uses such as surgical gowns, masks, haptic base fabrics, roofing, tufted carpet base fabrics, anti-condensation sheets Architectural applications such as, reinforcing materials, protective materials, civil engineering applications such as underground pipe repair materials, automotive interiors, vehicle applications such as automobile parts, sanitary applications such as emergency supplies, cleaning products, and hand towels, carpets, furniture components, Furniture and interior applications such as wallpaper, wiper applications such as wet wipers and cleaning materials, filter applications such as air filters, bag filters, electret filters, bedding applications such as futons, futon bags, pillow covers, sticker sheets, grass protection Agricultural / horticultural applications such as seats, garden planters, artificial leather base fabrics, synthetic leather base fabrics, PVC leather base fabrics Of artificial leather such base fabric applications, storage products, packaging materials, living materials applications such as kitchen utensils, electrical material, or the like industrial materials applications such as product material, equipment member.
[0034]
In particular, since the nonwoven fabric of the present invention has a low modulus and high elongation at break, it is suitable as an advanced molded member with large elongation and complicated shape deformation. For example, automotive trim materials such as door trims, ceiling molding materials, seat lining fabrics, filter bags for foods such as green tea, tea, and coffee, and volatile drug containers such as insect repellents and fragrances can be used.
[0035]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0036]
Measurement methods, evaluation methods, etc. are as follows. The mixing ratio of the resin is wt ratio.
[0037]
(1) Measured with an Ostwald viscosity tube at a concentration of 1 g / dl and a temperature of 25 ° C. using sulfuric acid with a relative viscosity of 98%.
[0038]
(2) Tensile strength of yarn Tensilon STM101 manufactured by Toyo Baldwin Co., Ltd., twisted twice / 50 mm at a gripping interval of 100 mm, stretched at a pulling speed of 200 mm / min, and obtained load at the time of cutting It was converted into strength per fineness to obtain strength, and an average value of 5 measurements was obtained.
[0039]
Further, the average value of the elongation at break obtained in the same manner was defined as the elongation.
[0040]
(3) Strength of nonwoven fabric Using autograph AGS-5G manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, a 3 cm wide sample was stretched at a gripping interval of 100 mm and a tensile speed of 200 mm / min. The measurement was performed 10 times for each of the vertical (MD) direction and the horizontal (CD) direction of the nonwoven fabric, and the total average value was obtained.
[0041]
Further, the total average value of the elongation at break obtained in the same manner was defined as the elongation.
[0042]
[Example 1]
Nylon 6 resin with a relative viscosity of 2.5 and nylon 66 resin mixed at a ratio of 52 to 42, and a nylon 610 resin with a relative viscosity of 3.4 were mixed by dry blending so that the content was 5 wt%. , And supplied to a conventional melt spinning apparatus. Next, the mixture was uniformly melt-mixed at 270 ° C., melt-spun from a spinneret having a spinning hole with a circular cross section, and taken up at a speed of 4000 m / min to obtain a 2.14 dtex nylon fiber. Table 1 shows the yarn strength and elongation of this nylon fiber. The elongation was as high as 113%.
[0043]
[Example 2]
In Example 1, nylon fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that mixing was performed so that the content of the nylon 610 resin was 7 wt%. Table 1 shows the yarn strength and elongation of this nylon fiber. The elongation was as high as 156%.
[0044]
Example 3
In Example 1, nylon fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that mixing was performed so that the content of the nylon 610 resin was 10 wt%. Table 1 shows the yarn strength and elongation of this nylon fiber. The elongation was as high as 179%.
[0045]
Example 4
In Example 1, nylon fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that mixing was performed so that the content of the nylon 610 resin was 13 wt%. Table 1 shows the yarn strength and elongation of this nylon fiber. The elongation was as high as 157%.
[0046]
Example 5
In Example 1, nylon fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that mixing was performed so that the content of the nylon 610 resin was 20 wt%. Table 1 shows the yarn strength and elongation of this nylon fiber. The elongation was as high as 119%.
[0047]
Example 6
Nylon 66 resin having a relative viscosity of 2.5 and nylon 610 resin having a relative viscosity of 3.4 were mixed in a dry blend so as to have a content of 10 wt%. Fiber was obtained. Table 1 shows the yarn strength and elongation of this nylon fiber. The elongation was as high as 150%.
[0048]
Example 7
In Example 1, the nylon fiber was made in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the nylon 6 resin and the nylon 66 resin were mixed at a ratio of 25:75 so that the content of the nylon 610 resin was 10 wt%. Obtained. Table 1 shows the yarn strength and elongation of this nylon fiber. The elongation was as high as 168%.
[0049]
Example 8
In Example 7, nylon fiber was made in the same manner as in Example 1 except that nylon 6 resin and nylon 66 resin were mixed at a ratio of 75:25 so that the content of nylon 610 resin was 10 wt%. Obtained. Table 1 shows the yarn strength and elongation of this nylon fiber. The elongation was as high as 176%.
[0050]
Example 9
The nylon fiber obtained in Example 3 was spread and dispersed to form a web, and partially thermocompression bonded between an embossing roll and a flat roll to prepare a 130 g / m 2 long fiber nonwoven fabric. Table 1 shows the nonwoven fabric strength and elongation of this nonwoven fabric. The obtained nonwoven fabric had high elongation.
[0051]
[Comparative Example 1]
In Example 1, nylon fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the nylon 610 resin was not added. Table 1 shows the yarn strength and elongation of this polyamide fiber. The elongation was 88%.
[0052]
[Comparative Example 2]
In Example 1, nylon fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the nylon 610 resin was changed to 100 wt%. Table 1 shows the yarn strength and elongation of this nylon fiber. The elongation was 77%.
[0053]
[Comparative Example 3]
In Example 1, nylon fibers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the nylon 6 resin was changed to 100 wt%. Table 1 shows the yarn strength and elongation of this nylon fiber. The elongation was 77%. Compared to the nylon fiber obtained in Example 8, the elongation was low.
[0054]
[Comparative Example 4]
The nylon fiber obtained in Comparative Example 1 was spread and dispersed to form a web, and partially thermocompression bonded between an embossing roll and a flat roll to prepare a 130 g / m 2 long fiber nonwoven fabric. Table 1 shows the nonwoven fabric strength and elongation of this nonwoven fabric. The obtained nonwoven fabric had a low elongation compared to the nonwoven fabric obtained in Example 9.
[0055]
[Table 1]
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
The high elongation nylon fiber of the present invention and the non-woven fabric comprising the same are advantageous in cost, have high elongation, and are suitable for applications requiring high elongation. Available.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
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