JP3812603B2 - Pressure boundary sheet structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pressure boundary sheet structure suitable for forming a pressure boundary when the water pressure applied between a primary lining concrete and a secondary lining concrete is appropriately divided and adjusted.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
In the case of tunnels that pass through mountains, etc., a watertight structure is used in which the outer periphery of the tunnel is covered with a waterproof sheet. In such a structure, in order to keep the water pressure around the tunnel at the set water pressure, the tunnel is appropriately ranged. There is a need for a means for providing a pressure boundary so that the pressure can be adjusted for each section.
[0003]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the water pressure around the tunnel is set by appropriately adjusting the water pressure applied between the primary lining concrete and the secondary lining concrete via the waterproof sheet for each section. in keeping the water pressure, it is an object to provide a pressure boundary sheet structure that can be easily formed and the pressure boundary.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention, in order to achieve the above object, the water pressure exerted between the primary lining concrete and secondary lining concrete of tunnels in adjusting to partition the position of the tunnel, the pressure for partitioning the boundary by the sheet It is a boundary sheet structure, and a water-impermeable embedded sheet is suspended from the primary lining concrete at the pressure boundary, and on one surface of the water-impermeable sheet, between the primary lining concrete and the secondary lining concrete. An impervious sheet of at least one waterproof sheet of two waterproof sheets obtained by adhering a sheet for forming a gap having an uneven part forming a gap on one side so that both end portions of both sheets are in a free state. A pair of waterproof sheets in which one end of a water-impervious end sheet is fixed in the vicinity of the adhesive portion of one side end of the sheet is used to form a gap forming sheet on the end sheet side of one of the waterproof sheets. The side end of the other waterproof sheet and the side end of the gap forming sheet of the other waterproof sheet are adjacent to each other through the hanging part of the embedded sheet, and each waterproof sheet faces the gap forming sheet to the primary lining concrete. Are attached to the primary lining concrete surface, and the hanging part of the embedded sheet is bonded to the end sheet of one waterproof sheet, and this bonded part is covered to the side edges of the water-impermeable sheets of both waterproof sheets. Accordingly, a pressure boundary sheet structure is provided in which the side end portions of the water-impermeable sheets of both waterproof sheets are bonded.
[0005]
That is, the waterproof sheet used in the present invention is used for waterproofing construction of tunnels, and is stretched so that the gap forming sheet faces the ground or primary lining concrete, such as concrete nails, etc. It is fixed to the natural ground or primary lining concrete with a fixing member, especially when adjusting the water pressure between the primary lining concrete and the secondary lining concrete by dividing the position of the tunnel. Is preferably used in the case of partitioning with a sheet, and as described above, the sheet surface for forming a void of the waterproof sheet is disposed on the primary lining concrete to form a pressure boundary sheet structure, thereby providing a primary lining. A closed area for adjusting the water pressure applied between the concrete and the secondary lining concrete for each section by, for example, a relief valve or the like is aligned with the water-impermeable sheet. Can be secured between the lining concrete, also secondary lining concrete after casting, it is possible to maintain the area.
[0006]
Here, as the sheet for forming voids, a large number of linear bodies intersect with each other, and a sheet-like network having wavy irregularities in which these linear bodies are bonded to each other at at least a part of each intersection is a buffer sheet. If a water-impermeable sheet is adhered to this cushioning sheet, a suitable gap can be provided between the primary lining concrete and the water-impermeable sheet, and the secondary lining concrete. It is possible to reliably maintain the gap even after the placement. That is, the waterproof sheet of the present invention is constructed by placing a void-forming sheet facing a primary lining concrete placed on a natural ground, and further placing a secondary lining concrete so that the primary lining concrete and A space is provided between the secondary lining concrete and the pressure of the water pressure applied between the primary lining concrete and the secondary lining concrete is adjusted using this space. According to the waterproof sheet using the gap forming sheet laminated on the cushioning sheet, even if it is used for a long time in a tunnel where a large amount of earth and sand is contained in the spring water, the earth and sand accumulates in the gap forming sheet. Therefore, it is more effective as a waterproof sheet stretched on the primary lining concrete that requires pressure adjustment as described above.
[0007]
The waterproof sheet used in the present invention can also be used in the same manner as a conventional waterproof sheet. In this case, in order to connect the waterproof sheets to each other, the side end portion in the free state of the gap forming sheet of one of the waterproof sheets After overlapping the free end of the gap forming sheet of the other waterproof sheet on the (connection end) and driving the fixing member into the overlapped part and fixing it to the ground or primary lining concrete, Both waterproof sheets are connected by causing the water permeable sheet side end portions (free end portions) to join or overlap each other and thermally bonding the portions. Here, the waterproof sheet used in the present invention is one in which an end sheet is further fixed, and the end sheet is used for waterproofing connected at the pressure boundary part of the pressure boundary sheet structure described below. It is preferable to use it as a sheet.
[0008]
That is, the pressure boundary sheet structure of the present invention has a water-impermeable sheet (secondary lining concrete) of the primary lining concrete and the waterproof sheet by the impermeable embedded sheet suspended from the primary lining concrete at the pressure boundary portion. ) Is provided with a pressure boundary. And in this pressure boundary part, it is two waterproof sheets provided with the connection end part and the free end part in the primary lining concrete like the waterproof sheet of this invention, Comprising: At least one waterproof sheet is further of this invention. A pair of waterproof sheets having end sheets similar to the waterproof sheets are adjacent to each other, with the connecting end portions of the gap forming sheets of both sheets interposed via the hanging portions of the embedded sheets, and the end of one of the waterproof sheets The sheet is stretched so as to be disposed at the pressure boundary portion, and a fixing member is driven into the connecting end portion of the gap forming sheet to fix it to the primary lining concrete, and then the impermeable embedded sheet By adhering the hanging portion and the water-impermeable end sheet of one waterproof sheet, water tightness in the pressure boundary region on the one waterproof sheet side is ensured. Then, the free end portions of the respective water-impermeable sheets of the set of waterproof sheets are joined or overlapped with each other so as to cover the adhesive portion, and the pressure boundary on the other waterproof sheet side is adhered by adhering this portion. Watertightness is also secured in the area. In the case of the present invention, the two waterproof sheets constituting the pressure boundary sheet structure use the waterproof sheet of the present invention for at least one of them, and both sheets use the waterproof sheet of the present invention. You can also.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a structural example of a waterproof sheet used in the present invention. This waterproof sheet 1 has a water-impermeable sheet 5 on the entire other surface of the cushioning sheet 3 of the gap-forming sheet 4 in which a sheet-like network 2 having undulating irregularities is laminated on the entire surface of the cushioning sheet 3. The both sides of the gap-forming sheet 4 and the water-impermeable sheet 5 are bonded so that they are not fixed and are free, and both sides of the water-impermeable sheet 5 where the gap-forming sheet 4 is not fixed. One end of a water-impermeable end sheet 6 is bonded in the vicinity of the bonding portion 5c of one side end portion 5a of the end portions (free end portions) 5a and 5b. In addition, the free end parts 5a and 5b of the water-impermeable sheet 5 are formed so as to extend outward from both side end parts (connection end parts) 4a and 4b of the gap forming sheet 4, respectively.
[0010]
Here, in the configuration example shown in FIG. 1, the gap-forming sheet 4 is formed by laminating the sheet-like network 2 on the buffer sheet 3. In the present invention, as the gap-forming sheet 4, The structure is not particularly limited as long as a void can be provided on the water-impermeable sheet 5. For example, a sheet formed in a corrugated shape or an embossed shape on a nonwoven fabric may be used. However, if the sheet-like mesh body 2 laminated on the buffer sheet 3 is used, not only a space suitable for pressure adjustment can be provided on the water-impermeable sheet 5, but also spring water. This is suitable because the gap is not blocked by the earth and sand. It should be noted that the sheet-like net 2 and the buffer sheet 3 can be integrated by appropriate means such as heat welding, an adhesive, a needle punch method, etc. In order to improve the workability and handleability of the sheet, both may be partially joined and integrated.
[0011]
Here, the sheet-like network 2 is a large number of linear bodies such as polyamide, polyester or polyethylene, synthetic resin fine wires such as polyolefin such as polypropylene, metal wires coated with a synthetic resin such as polyvinyl chloride, or metal wires. Undulate irregularities that extend from one side to the other with the direction changing irregularly in the horizontal direction and thickness direction while crossing each other, and these continuous linear bodies adhered to each other at least partially at each intersection It is formed in the net-like sheet | seat which has, and has shape retention property and rigidity which hold | maintains this shape.
[0012]
In this case, the thickness of the linear body constituting the sheet network 2 is preferably 0.5 to 3 mm, and the mesh size of the sheet network 2 is 0.1 to 20 mm. In particular, the thickness is preferably 1 to 10 mm. Further, the height of the sheet-like net-like body 2, that is, the distance between the top of the highest waviness on the upper side and the top of the highest waviness on the lower side is preferably 1 to 30 mm, particularly 2 to 10 mm. As the network density of the sheet network 2, a density of about 200 to 700 g / m ² can be used.
[0013]
Moreover, as the buffer sheet 3, synthetic resin nonwoven fabrics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyester are preferably used, and in particular, those in which no fluff stands on the fiber surface are suitable. In this case, there is no particular limitation on the fiber density of the nonwoven fabric, but it is preferable that earth and sand do not easily pass through, and a material having a density of about 10 to 300 g / m ² can be used.
[0014]
The impermeable sheet 5 is preferably a synthetic resin sheet such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, and the thickness is 0. It is preferable to set it as 3-6 mm. The gap-forming sheet 4 and the water-impermeable sheet 5 can be integrated by adhering the cushioning sheet 3 and the water-impermeable sheet 5 by an appropriate means such as an adhesive. The sheet 5a, 5b and the connection end 4a, 4b may be bonded together except for the whole, but in order to improve the workability and handleability of the waterproof sheet 1, the sheets are partially joined and integrated. May be. The gap forming sheet 4 and the water-impermeable sheet 5 may be integrated in advance before the sheet is stretched, but may be separately stretched and integrated when the sheet is stretched.
[0015]
The end sheet 6 is preferably a synthetic resin sheet similar to the water-impermeable sheet 5 in terms of adhesiveness, weldability, moldability, and the like. In addition, the water-impermeable sheet 5 and the end sheet 6 may be bonded and integrated by appropriate means such as an adhesive, or may be integrally formed at the time of sheet forming.
[0016]
Next, the pressure boundary sheet structure of the present invention using the waterproof sheet 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 shows an example of means for hanging the embedded sheet from the primary lining concrete, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are cross-sectional views of the pressure boundary portion for explaining the configuration of each sheet in the pressure boundary portion, respectively. is there. In the case of a tunnel provided with this pressure boundary sheet structure, the placing surface of the primary lining concrete 8 placed on the natural ground 7 is the gap forming sheet 4 and the gap 4 as shown in FIG. The other waterproof sheet 10 having both end portions 4c and 4c and free end portions 5d and 5d is bonded to the primary lining concrete 8 so that both end portions of the water-impermeable sheet 5 are bonded without being fixed. The gap forming sheet 4 is sequentially stretched and fixed by a fixing member such as a concrete nail (not shown).
[0017]
This pressure boundary sheet structure is used for forming a gap on the end sheet 6 side of the waterproof sheet 1 provided with the end sheet 6 by hanging the impermeable embedded sheet 9 from the primary lining concrete 8. The connecting end portion 4a of the sheet 4 is stretched on the primary lining concrete 8 so as to be adjacent to the connecting end portion 4c of the gap forming sheet 4 of the other waterproof sheet 10 via the hanging portion 9a of the embedded sheet 9, After fixing the connection end 4a of the waterproof sheet 1 and the connection end 4c of another waterproof sheet 10 with a fixing member such as a concrete nail (not shown), the hanging part 9a of the embedded sheet 9 and the end sheet 6 of the waterproof sheet 1 are used. Are glued together or overlapped. Then, the adhesive portion 11 is appropriately folded as necessary, and the free end portion 5a of the waterproof sheet 1 and the free end portion 5d of the other waterproof sheet 10 are joined together so as to cover the adhesive portion 11. They are superposed and bonded.
[0018]
Here, the embedded sheet 9 is preferably a synthetic resin sheet similar to the water-impermeable sheet 5 in terms of adhesiveness, weldability, and the like. And as a method of hanging this embedding sheet 9 from the primary lining concrete 8, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the H-shaped steel 12 is placed on the ground 7 and a position corresponding to one of the concave portions 12a is a pressure boundary portion. Then, the recessed portion 12a is appropriately filled with mortar or the like, and then the embedded sheet 9 is fixed with a fixing member such as a nail, and then the primary lining concrete 8 is attached to the hanging portion 9a of the embedded sheet 9. It is preferable to hang down the hanging portion 9a of the embedded sheet 9 from the primary lining concrete 8 by placing it so as to extend.
[0019]
In addition, as a method for bonding the sheets in the pressure boundary sheet structure, the means is not particularly limited as long as the sheets can be bonded in an airtight manner, and the sheets are bonded by an appropriate means such as an adhesive or heat welding. be able to.
[0020]
And after forming the said pressure boundary sheet structure, the secondary lining concrete which is not shown in figure is laid from on each waterproof sheet | seat 1,10, and primary lining concrete is carried out by the sheet | seat 4 (sheet-like net-like body 2) for space | gap formation. 8 and a secondary lining concrete are provided with a pressure adjusting gap, and a hanging boundary 9a of the embedded sheet 9 forms a pressure boundary in the gap. Since the net-like body 2 has good shape retention and rigidity, even if pressure is applied by the placement of the secondary lining concrete, it does not collapse and the mesh is not reduced. The space between the next lining concrete can be maintained, and at the pressure boundary portion, the hanging portion 9a of the embedded sheet 9 and the water-tightness of the hanging portion 9a and the end portion sheet 6 of the waterproof sheet 1 are secured. Bonding, waterproof The watertight joining of the free end portion 5d of the free end 5a and the other of the waterproof sheet 10 over sheet 1, water-tightness of the pressure boundary region partitioned by these sheets is ensured.
[0021]
Therefore, with such a pressure boundary sheet structure, for example, pressure boundaries are provided at an interval of about 10.5 m along the length direction of the tunnel, and for example, a relief valve is watertightly attached to the waterproof sheet by appropriate means for each pressure boundary region. When the water pressure higher than the set pressure is applied, the pressure can be adjusted for each pressure boundary region by allowing water from the primary lining concrete side to flow out from the relief valve.
[0022]
In the case of the pressure boundary sheet structure, the waterproof sheet 1 having the end sheet 6 can be used instead of the other waterproof sheet 10, and the other waterproof sheet 10 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the gap-forming sheet 4 further has a connection end 4 d made of only the cushioning sheet 3 at the center, and the impermeable sheet 5 is used for gap formation as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. A joint end portion 5e for integrating with the sheet 4 is provided, and the gap forming sheet 4 and the water-impermeable sheet 5 are separately attached so that both end portions of the water-impermeable sheet 5 become free end portions 5d. Can be used.
[0023]
In addition, the waterproof sheet and pressure boundary sheet structure of the present invention are not limited to the above-described configuration, and various changes may be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the pressure boundary sheet structure of the present invention, it is possible to form the easily and reliably pressure boundary, in this way for each appropriate section of the tunnel by the pressure boundary formed by the primary lining concrete and secondary covering It is possible to adjust the pressure of water pressure applied to the concrete. In addition, it is possible to prevent the gap between the primary lining concrete and the secondary lining concrete from being clogged with earth and sand in the spring water, and maintain the pressure adjustment gap for a long time. is there.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a waterproof sheet for explaining a structural example of a waterproof sheet used in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method of hanging an embedded sheet from primary lining concrete in the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a pressure boundary portion for explaining a structural example of a pressure boundary sheet structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a pressure boundary portion for explaining the above configuration example.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of another waterproof sheet used in the above configuration example.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the other waterproof sheet.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the other waterproof sheet.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing still another example of the other waterproof sheet.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,10 Waterproof sheet 2 Sheet-like net | network 3 Buffering sheet 4 Sheet | seat for space | gap formation 4a, 4b, 4c Connection edge part (side edge part)
5 Water-impermeable sheet 5a, 5b, 5d Free end (side end)
5c Bonding part 6 End sheet 8 Primary lining concrete 9 Embedded sheet 9a Hanging part

Claims (2)

  This is a pressure boundary sheet structure that partitions the boundary of the tunnel between the primary lining concrete of the tunnel and the secondary lining concrete by adjusting the position of the tunnel, and the primary pressure at the pressure boundary. Void formation with an uneven part on one side of the impervious sheet and a gap between the primary lining concrete and the secondary lining concrete. Water-impermeable in the vicinity of the adhesive portion of one side end portion of the water-impermeable sheet of at least one of the two waterproof sheets formed by adhering the sheet so that both end portions of both sheets are in a free state. A pair of waterproof sheets with one end of the adhesive end sheet fixed thereto, and the gap between the side end of the gap forming sheet on the end sheet side of one of the waterproof sheets and the other waterproof sheet Adjacent the side edge of the composition sheet via the hanging part of the embedded sheet, and stretch each waterproof sheet on the primary lining concrete surface with the gap forming sheet facing the primary lining concrete, Adhering the hanging part of the embedded sheet and the end sheet of one waterproof sheet, and covering the bonded part with the side end of the water-impermeable sheet of both waterproof sheets, A pressure boundary sheet structure characterized by adhering side end portions. The two waterproof sheets are respectively in the horizontal direction and the thickness direction while a large number of 0.5 to 3 mm thick linear bodies made of synthetic resin fine wires, metal wires coated with synthetic resins, or metal wires intersect each other. Irregularly changing direction and extending from one side to the other, these continuous linear bodies are bonded to each other at least partially at each intersection, and the mesh size is 0.1 to 20 mm. The sheet-like network having undulations and bumps in which the distance between the top of the highest swell and the top of the highest swell is 1 to 30 mm and the density of the network is 200 to 700 g / m ² is buffered. it is obtained by laminating sexual sheet, pressure boundary sheet structure according to claim 1, wherein in the buffer sheet is obtained by bonding the water-impermeable sheet, respectively.

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