JP3810728B2 - Laminate heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a stacked heat exchanger that includes heat exchange units that perform heat exchange between a high-temperature fluid and a low-temperature fluid in multiple stages.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a regenerative heat exchanger that improves heat efficiency by recovering exhaust heat of a high-temperature fluid such as exhaust gas discharged after finishing work by heat exchange with a low-temperature fluid that is a working fluid. As an example of such a heat exchanger, there is a stacked heat exchanger provided with a plurality of heat exchanger modules provided with a plurality of layers for performing heat exchange by stacking in order to further improve the performance.
[0003]
An example of the above-described stacked heat exchanger will be described with reference to FIG.
5A and 5B are diagrams for explaining the schematic configuration of the stacked heat exchanger, in which FIG. 5A is a partial cross-sectional perspective view partially showing the internal structure, and FIG. 5B is an internal view taken along the line BB in FIG. It is sectional drawing which showed the structure.
The stacked heat exchanger 1 includes a heat exchanger module 3 inside a cylindrical container 2, and the total number of the heat exchanger modules 3 is three as shown in FIG. 5B, for example. Each of the heat exchanger modules 3 includes a plurality of heat exchanging plates 30 (heat exchanging portions) stacked in multiple stages ranging from several hundred to about 2000, and both ends of a heat exchanging plate group in which these are laminated. It is comprised by each header 4 and 5 provided in this. As described above, the heat exchanger module 3, that is, the stacked heat exchanger has a height of about 5 m by being stacked in multiple stages.
[0004]
The plurality of heat exchange plates 30 forming each heat exchanger module 3 have two systems of heat exchange flow paths (not shown) that exchange heat by circulating a high-temperature fluid and a low-temperature fluid, respectively. In addition, since many heat exchange flow paths of each system are provided and these can be classified into two when divided in terms of functions in heat exchange, they are described as two systems.
[0005]
Among these, one system for circulating the low-temperature fluid communicates with the inlet header 4 or the outlet header 5 located at both ends of each heat exchange plate 30, and the low-temperature fluid that circulates through the inlet header 4 enters the heat exchange plate 30. In addition, the low-temperature fluid that has been heat exchanged with the high-temperature fluid to be described later is sent to the outlet header 5.
In addition, the other system for circulating the high-temperature fluid leads to the inner space of the cylindrical container 2 at almost both ends of each heat exchange plate 30, more specifically, from the radially inner side to the outer side in the inner space of the cylindrical container 2. The high-temperature fluid supplied from the pipe 21 connected to the lower center of the cylindrical container 2 serves to guide the cylindrical container 2 from the radial inner side to the outer side. As a result, the high-temperature fluid supplied into the cylindrical container and the low-temperature fluid supplied from the inlet header 4 flow opposite to each other in the heat exchange plate 30, and efficient heat exchange is performed. It will be.
[0006]
The structure of the heat exchange plate 30 has two types of configurations depending on the properties of each fluid. For one, a plurality of grooves are formed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the heat exchange plate 30, respectively, and other heat exchange plates 30 corresponding to the grooves are overlapped. Each heat exchange channel through which a fluid flows is formed.
In another configuration, one heat exchange channel is formed by a pipe or the like penetrating the fin, and the other heat exchange channel is a gap in the heat exchange plate 30 formed by the fin. In addition, the structure employ | adopted in FIG. 5 is formed by the heat exchange plate 30 which has the latter fin.
[0007]
In the above description, the low-temperature fluid is guided from the inlet header 4 into the heat exchange plate 30 and sent to the outlet header 5, and the high-temperature fluid in the cylindrical container 2 flows through the heat exchange plate 30. It is possible to replace the cold fluid with the hot fluid. That is, the high temperature fluid is guided from the inlet header 4 into the heat exchange plate 30 and sent to the outlet header 5, and the low temperature fluid in the cylindrical container 2 flows through the heat exchange plate 30.
[0008]
Now, the heat exchanger module 3 in which the heat exchange plates 30 constituting such a heat exchanging section are laminated in multiple stages is provided in the laminated heat exchanger 1 as shown in the figure in response to a request for increased capacity in heat exchange. It is common to provide a plurality. In this case, in order to constitute the stacked heat exchanger 1 including a plurality of heat exchanger modules 3 as one device, one set of the combination of the inlet header 4 and the outlet header 5 is provided for one heat exchanger module 3. Alternatively, two sets of heat exchanger modules 3 need to be connected in parallel.
[0009]
Here, two sets of inlet headers and outlet headers, that is, a configuration including four headers for one heat exchanger module 3, is that the cylindrical container 2 shown in FIG. This is a case where a header required instead of this is added to the heat exchanger module 3 when it is not used as a flow path. That is, when adopting each header for each fluid for heat exchange, two inlet headers and two outlet headers are required for each fluid.
[0010]
The configuration described above is disclosed as a configuration of a regenerative heat exchanger in a technical document that has already been disclosed (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
[0011]
[Non-Patent Document 1]
Shintaro Ishiyama et al., “Conceptual study of compact heat exchanger for HTGR gas turbine”, Journal of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan, published March 30, 2000, Vol. 42
-No. 3, No. 332, p. 52-57
[0012]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a stacked heat exchanger configured by including a plurality of such heat exchanger modules, it is necessary to provide at least one set of inlet and outlet headers for one heat exchanger module. It was necessary to secure a space for installing. As a result, a further increase in the size of the stacked heat exchanger composed of a plurality of heat exchanger modules and an accompanying increase in weight have been incurred.
Furthermore, since each header is provided at both ends of the heat exchange plate group laminated in multiple stages, it becomes difficult to efficiently arrange a plurality of heat exchanger modules within a specified volume such as a cylindrical container. As a result of the generation of space, the size of the stacked heat exchanger was increased in the same manner as described above.
[0013]
In addition, by providing a large number of headers, it is necessary to route a large number of pipes corresponding to these, and using a large number of headers and pipes increases the pressure loss in the flow of each fluid. There has been a concern about the deterioration of the performance of the stacked heat exchanger and facilities such as a plant equipped with the same.
[0014]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to reduce the size and weight of a stacked heat exchanger including a plurality of heat exchanger modules, reduce the product cost, and perform heat exchange. The purpose is to improve the performance by reducing the pressure loss of each fluid.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat exchanger module in which a heat exchange module having at least two heat exchange flow paths and heat exchange between a high-temperature fluid and a low-temperature fluid is stacked . in the stacked heat exchanger having a plurality therein, between each of the heat exchanger modules adjoining, before heat exchange against the respective heat exchanger modules hot fluid, or a shared inlet header for supplying cryogenic fluid, or, it becomes provided with a shared outlet header which are merged the adjacent hot fluid after heat exchange is sent from the heat exchanger module, or the cryogenic fluid is delivered, the respective heat exchanger modules, the shared A low-temperature fluid or a high-temperature fluid that is arranged in a continuous annular shape with one of the inlet header or the common outlet header interposed therebetween, and that exchanges heat with the high-temperature fluid or the low-temperature fluid, Exchange Inwardly from a radially outer side of the module, or from the radially inside to the outside, characterized in that the is configured to flow through each heat exchanger module.
[0016]
According to such a configuration, each of the adjacent heat exchanger modules is supplied with the high-temperature fluid or the low-temperature fluid that has passed through the common inlet header, or the high-temperature fluid sent from each of the adjacent heat exchanger modules, Alternatively, the low-temperature fluid joins and is sent out at the outlet header provided in common between them. In other words, the header for supplying or sending out each fluid for heat exchange is shared by adjacent heat exchanger modules.
Further, all the headers have a shared arrangement capable of supplying each fluid to adjacent heat exchanger modules or delivering each fluid to adjacent heat exchanger modules.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the stacked heat exchanger of the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a part of the stacked heat exchanger shown in FIG. 3A and 3B are cross-sectional views taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 3A is an overall cross-sectional view, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view illustrating a main part partially enlarged.
[0020]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 3 denotes a heat exchanger module in which heat exchange plates 30 forming a heat exchange section are stacked in multiple stages in the height direction, and the inside of the sealed cylindrical container 2 indicated by a broken line in FIG. There are four. Each of these heat exchanger modules 3 is formed as a long hexagonal column because the planar shape of the heat exchange plate 30 is a hexagon, and is joined to adjacent heat exchanger modules 3 at the corners of each other. . Thereby, the some heat exchanger module 3 is mutually connected, and is arrange | positioned cyclically | annularly as a whole.
[0021]
Further, the heat exchanger modules 3 are connected in a ring shape, whereby a gap is generated between the adjacent heat exchanger modules 3. Then, the plate members 14a and 15a (see FIG. 2) that cover the gap and connect the adjacent heat exchanger modules 3 to each other are joined, so that the flow path is substantially the same as the height of the heat exchanger module 3. A shared inlet header 14 and a shared outlet header 15 (see FIG. 1) having a length will be formed.
[0022]
Now, as shown in FIG. 3, the inside of the cylindrical container 2 has two heat exchanger modules 3 arranged in an annular shape as shown in FIG. It is divided into spaces E and F. The outer space E inside the cylindrical container 2 is connected to at least one pipe (not shown) for introducing a low-temperature fluid at about 100 ° C. The inner space F is connected to a pipe 21 for sending out the low-temperature fluid after heat exchange.
[0023]
The common inlet header 14 is connected with a pipe 24 for introducing a gaseous high-temperature fluid at about 600 ° C. In contrast, the common outlet header 15 circulates through the common inlet header 14. Then, a pipe 25 for sending the high-temperature fluid that has finished heat exchange in the heat exchange plate 30 to the outside is connected.
[0024]
Further, the structure of the heat exchange plate 30 and the flow of each fluid that realizes heat exchange in the heat exchange plate 30 will be described with reference to FIG.
The heat exchange plate 30 that is stacked in multiple stages and constitutes the heat exchanger module 3 has a structure equivalent to that of the prior art, and realizes heat exchange by allowing a high-temperature fluid and a low-temperature fluid to circulate opposite to each other. Heat exchange flow path (not shown). Of course, the heat exchange channels of each system have different functions in terms of circulating a high-temperature fluid or a low-temperature fluid, and a large number of these heat exchange channels are provided.
[0025]
Among these, one system for circulating the high-temperature fluid communicates with the common inlet 14 header at the first end 30a of each heat exchange plate 30, and is located on the opposite side of the first end 30a. The end 30b communicates with the shared outlet header 15. Accordingly, the high-temperature fluid supplied from the pipe 24 and flowing through the shared inlet header 14 passes through the first end portions 30a of the left and right heat exchange plates 30 facing the shared inlet header 24 as indicated by solid arrows. After entering the heat exchange plate 30 and passing through each heat exchange plate 30, it is sent from each second end portion 30 b to the shared outlet header 15 facing it, and flows through the shared outlet header 15 and sent to the outside. Will be followed.
[0026]
On the other hand, the other system for circulating the low-temperature fluid communicates with the outer space E inside the cylindrical container 2 at the third end 30c of each heat exchange plate 30, and is located on the opposite side of the third end 30c. The fourth end portion 30d communicates with the inner space F. Therefore, the low-temperature fluid supplied to the outer space E in the cylindrical container 2 enters the respective heat exchange plates 30 from the third end portions 30c of the respective heat exchange plates 30 as indicated by broken arrows, and each heat exchange plate 30 After passing through the plate 30, a route is sent from each fourth end 30 d to the internal space F and sent from the pipe 21 (see FIG. 3A) to the outside.
[0027]
Thus, a high temperature fluid will be supplied with respect to each said heat exchanger module 3 from one common inlet header 14 provided between each adjacent heat exchanger module 3, and it adjoins. Since the high-temperature fluid that has finished heat exchange in each of the heat exchanger modules 3 joins and is sent out to one shared outlet header 15 provided between the heat exchanger modules 3, The required number of headers per heat exchanger module 3 is halved compared to the conventional case.
[0028]
The laminated heat exchanger 1 according to the present embodiment described above has the following effects.
It is possible to reduce the number of headers for supplying or sending out each fluid to the heat exchange plate 30, and to reduce the amount of installation space, piping, cylindrical container 2, etc. related to the header, and stacking type heat exchange The product cost of the device 1 can be greatly reduced. In addition, by reducing the installation space of the header, it is possible to reduce the outer diameter of the stacked heat exchanger 1 to achieve downsizing, and when the installation space is secured with the cylindrical container 2 equivalent to the conventional case, The size of the heat exchange plate 30 can be enlarged using the space where the header is reduced, and the capability of the stacked heat exchanger 1 can be improved by increasing the heat transfer area. Moreover, by reducing the number of headers, pressure loss can be reduced and the performance of the laminated heat exchanger 1 can be improved. Moreover, since each heat exchanger module 3 is connected in a ring shape, all headers are shared with respect to the two heat exchanger modules 3, and the above-described effects can be further enhanced.
[0029]
In addition, the structure of the modified example demonstrated below may be sufficient about the laminated heat exchanger 1 of this embodiment.
In the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the case where the heat exchanger modules 3 are connected in a ring shape has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the configuration shown in FIG. Good.
[0030]
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram schematically showing the configuration of a flat stacked heat exchanger for explaining a modification of the present embodiment. In the configuration of the flat stacked heat exchanger 1 ′ described below, parts having functions equivalent to those of the stacked heat exchanger 1 in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and a part of the description is provided. Shall be omitted.
Moreover, the solid line arrows shown in the figure indicate the flow of the high temperature fluid, and the broken line arrows indicate the flow of the low temperature fluid that performs heat exchange with the high temperature fluid.
[0031]
Grooves are formed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the hexagonal heat exchange plate 30, and two heat exchange channels 30 h and 30 i (each of which is shown schematically because each is shown schematically) by stacking the heat exchange plates 30. ) Is formed. And such a heat exchange plate 30 is laminated | stacked in multiple stages, and the heat exchanger module 3 of a hexagonal column is formed similarly to FIG. These heat exchanger modules 3 are joined to each other at the corners, but, unlike the configuration shown in FIG. 1, they are arranged in a straight line without being arranged in an annular shape.
[0032]
And each shared header 14,15,16,17 is provided in each clearance gap formed between the adjacent heat exchanger modules 3, and when it demonstrates in more detail, it is for high temperature fluid or low temperature fluid for each clearance gap on the back side. Common inlet headers 14 and 16 are arranged, and common outlet headers 15 and 17 for high-temperature fluid or low-temperature fluid are arranged in the gaps on the front side.
Also, both ends of the laminated heat exchanger 1 ′ are provided with an inlet header 18 for a low temperature fluid and an outlet header 19 for a high temperature fluid independently as in the prior art.
[0033]
The common inlet headers 14 and 16 for the respective fluids are alternately arranged in the order of the common inlet header 14 for the high temperature fluid and the common inlet header 16 for the low temperature fluid in the connection direction of the heat exchanger module 3.
Also, the shared outlet headers 15 and 17 for each fluid are alternately arranged in the order of the shared outlet header 15 for the high-temperature fluid and the shared outlet header 17 for the low-temperature fluid in the connection direction of the heat exchanger module 3. .
Further, the common inlet header 14 for the high temperature fluid and the common outlet header 17 for the low temperature fluid are arranged in a symmetrical position across the center line in the longitudinal direction of the stacked heat exchanger 1 ′, and the common use for the low temperature fluid is also provided. The inlet header 16 and the high-temperature fluid shared outlet header 15 are arranged in a symmetrical position.
[0034]
Therefore, as indicated by the solid line arrows, the high temperature fluid flowing through the common inlet header 14 for high temperature fluid flows into each heat exchange plate 30 of each heat exchanger module 3 provided adjacent to the left and right, respectively, After passing through the heat exchanging plate 30, the hot fluid common outlet header 15 or the hot fluid outlet header 19 located on the downstream side of each of the hot fluid outlets 15 is followed and sent out.
Further, as indicated by the broken arrows, the low-temperature fluid flowing through the common inlet header 16 for low-temperature fluid flows into each heat exchange plate 30 of each heat exchanger module 3 provided adjacent to the left and right, respectively, After passing through the exchange plate 30, the route is guided by the shared outlet header 16 for cryogenic fluid located on the downstream side and sent out. The low-temperature fluid flowing through the low-temperature fluid inlet header 18 alone passes through the heat exchange plate 30 and then merges with the low-temperature fluid that has passed through the other heat exchange plate 30 to share the low-temperature fluid common outlet header. The route guided by 17 and sent out is traced.
[0035]
According to the configuration in the modified example of the present embodiment described above, it is a structure that cannot include a common inlet header or a common outlet header for each fluid on both ends of the stacked heat exchanger 1 ′. The number of headers in the middle part can be halved. Therefore, the same effect as that of the present embodiment can be obtained almost equally, and even when a large number of heat exchanger modules 3 are connected in series, the width of the flat stacked heat exchanger 1 ′ that is the connecting width. The dimensions can be greatly reduced.
[0036]
In addition, in the structure of a modification, since it is set as the structure provided with the shared inlet headers 14 and 16 and the shared outlet headers 15 and 17 with respect to each fluid, although it differs from the structure shown in FIGS. Of course, the two end portions may be joined to form an annular shape. In this case, the cylindrical container 2 for circulating the low-temperature fluid described with reference to FIG.
[0037]
Further, in the configuration of the present embodiment and this modification, it has been described that the flow directions of the fluids in the heat exchange plate 30 constituting the heat exchange portion are opposed to each other. However, the fluids are allowed to flow orthogonally or in the same direction. It is also possible to exchange heat.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
The laminated heat exchanger of the present invention described above has the following effects.
According to the invention described in claim 1, it is not necessary to provide an inlet header and an outlet header in each heat exchanger module, and the installation cost and quantity of the header are reduced, thereby suppressing the product cost of the stacked heat exchanger. Can do. In addition, it is possible to reduce the size of the stacked heat exchanger by reducing the installation space of the header, and if the same space is secured, the heat transfer area of the stacked heat exchanger is increased. It becomes possible to improve the ability. Further, by reducing the number of headers, it is possible to reduce the pipes and the like associated with them, and to reduce the pressure loss in the headers and the pipes, thereby improving the performance of the stacked heat exchanger.
In addition, since all headers can be arranged in a state shared by adjacent heat exchanger modules, the width of the stacked heat exchanger can be reduced to achieve miniaturization.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a stacked heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a part of the stacked heat exchanger of FIG.
3A and 3B are cross-sectional views taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, in which FIG. 3A is an overall cross-sectional view, and FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view in which a main part is partially enlarged;
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram schematically showing the configuration of a flat stacked heat exchanger for explaining a modification of one embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams illustrating a schematic configuration of a conventional stacked heat exchanger, in which FIG. 5A is a partial cross-sectional perspective view partially showing an internal structure, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. It is sectional drawing which showed the internal structure in a cross section.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 1 ′ Stacked heat exchanger 2 Cylindrical vessel 3 Heat exchanger module 14 Common inlet header 15 for high temperature fluid Shared outlet header 16 for high temperature fluid Common inlet header 17 for low temperature fluid Shared outlet header 30 for low temperature fluid Heat exchange plate (heat exchange part)
30h, 30i heat exchange flow path

Claims (1)

Laminated heat exchange with a plurality of heat exchanger modules inside a cylindrical container that have at least two heat exchange flow paths and heat exchangers that exchange heat between a high-temperature fluid and a low-temperature fluid. In the vessel
Wherein adjacent between the heat exchanger modules, high temperature fluid before the heat exchange with respect to each of these heat exchanger modules, or cryogen share supply inlet header,
Or, it becomes provided with a shared outlet header which are merged the adjacent hot fluid after heat exchange is sent from the heat exchanger module, or the cryogenic fluid is delivered,
Each of the heat exchanger modules is arranged in a continuous ring with one of the shared inlet header or the shared outlet header interposed therebetween,
Each of the heat exchanges is performed from the radially outer side to the inner side or from the radially inner side to the outer side of each of the heat exchanger modules. It is comprised so that it may flow through the inside of an oven module, The laminated heat exchanger characterized by the above-mentioned.

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