JP3878533B2 - Oil chuck - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an oil chuck, and more particularly to an oil chuck that is attached to a machine tool and is used for machining with a workpiece interposed therebetween.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 1, an oil chuck disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,073,612 sends oil supply to both front and rear ends of a piston 11 and presses and slides the piston 11 along the axial direction to cause bearings 15 and 12 to move. The chuck body 13 that presses and contacts the bearings 15 and 12 is opened and closed to release or sandwich the workpiece on the claw portion 14. In such an oil chuck, since the bearings 12 and 15 press the chuck body 13, the bearings 12 and 15 wear against the chuck body 13 under high-speed rotation, and the bearing 12 15 to 15 have a drawback of damaging the chuck body 13.
[0003]
Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the oil chuck disclosed in US Pat. No. 617371 sends oil supply to the piston 21 to press and slide the piston 21 along the axial direction. By pressing the pressing members 22 and 24 provided at both ends, the bearings 23 and 25 are pressed to open and close the first chuck body and the second chuck bodies 27 and 28, respectively. . In such an oil chuck, since the bearings 23 and 25 are pressed against the first chuck body 28 and the second chuck body 27, the bearings 23 and 25 are heated to high heat due to wear under high speed rotation. And has the disadvantage of being easily damaged.
[0004]
Further, the oil chuck as shown in FIG. 3 includes a substantially cylindrical outer frame 31, a fixed seat 32, a rotating shaft 33, and a sliding seat 35 coaxially from the outside to the outside. In the frame (31), a substantially cylindrical piston body 34 and a chuck body 36 are provided so as to be adjacent to the fixed seat 32, the rotary shaft 33 and the shaft, and An oil supply port 321 is opened in the fixed seat 32. After receiving the oil supply from the oil supply port 321 in the wall of the rotating shaft 33, the oil is supplied onto the side surface of the piston body 34 and pressed. An oil passage 332 is formed to close the chuck body 36 via the sliding seat 35. A plurality of bearings 331 are provided between the fixed seat 32 and the rotating shaft 33. Thus, the oil supply from the oil supply port 321 is sent onto the side surface of the piston body 34 via the oil passage 332 of the rotating shaft 33, presses the piston body 34, and the sliding seat 35. The chuck body 36 can be closed by sliding to move the workpiece.
[0005]
When such an oil chuck is processed with the workpiece sandwiched therebetween, the oil that has penetrated between the fixed seat 32 and the rotary shaft 33 from the oil supply port 321 presses the piston body 34, Since the high heat oil film 300 is formed between the fixed seat 32 and the rotating shaft 33 because it must be held at a high pressure, and rotating the rotating shaft 33, when processing while rotating the workpiece, Since the high heat oil film 300 generates high heat due to friction between the rotary shaft 33 and the fixed seat 32, when this high heat is transmitted to each component of the oil chuck, not only the components are damaged, Since it is transmitted to the workpiece via the chuck body, there is a drawback that it becomes impossible to process a workpiece made of plastic or aluminum.
[0006]
Then, a DI CHUN M type oil chuck manufactured by Million River Iron Works Co., Ltd. as shown in FIG. 4 sends oil supply to the rotating shaft 41 via the oil path A to press the piston 42, While the chuck body 43 is opened via the piston 42, oil supply is sent to the rotating shaft 41 via the oil passage B to press the piston 42, and the chuck body 43 is closed via the piston 42. . Thus, the chuck body 43 practically extends the length of its main body, and when high heat is generated in the hot oil film 400 formed between the rotating shaft 41 and the piston 42, high heat is generated in the chuck body 43. However, since the high heat is transferred to the chuck body 43 after a certain period of time, the improvement of the high heat caused by the high speed rotation is still not ideal.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
US Pat. No. 3,073,612 [Patent Document 2]
US Pat. No. 617371 [Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the above, a main object of the present invention is to provide an oil chuck that does not push a chuck body via a bearing and can avoid high heat generated by high-speed rotation. .
[0008]
Another object of the present invention is to provide an oil chuck provided with cooling means in the oil passage.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a substantially cylindrical outer frame, a fixed seat, and a rotating body coaxially from outside to inside, and within the outer frame and substantially cylindrical. The piston body and the chuck body are provided so as to be adjacent to the fixed seat and the rotating body on the shaft, and an oil filler opening is opened in the fixed seat, and the wall of the rotating body is provided. An oil passage that closes the chuck body via the piston body is formed by receiving oil from the oil supply opening at the oil receiving opening that opens to the outside of the wall, and then feeding and pressing the side surface of the piston body. In the oil chuck, the sleeve body is externally fitted and fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating body so as to slidably contact the inner periphery of the fixed seat on the outer periphery, and the sleeve body is attached to the outer wall surface of the sleeve body. Even when rotating together with the rotating body, the oil supply port always communicates with the An annular first guide groove that receives oil from the oil port and an annular second guide groove that always communicates with the oil receiving port and feeds oil to the oil receiving port are formed. A one-way valve from the inlet to the outlet is provided in the wall of the sleeve body, the inlet and the outlet of which communicate with the first guide groove and the second guide groove, respectively. Is supplied to the side surface of the piston body through the first guide groove, the one-way valve, the second guide groove, the oil receiving port, and the oil passage in order. The chuck body can be closed by pressing and when the oil supply from the oil supply port is stopped, the one-way valve is closed and the downstream side of the one-way valve is set to high pressure and the upstream side is set to low pressure. An oil chuck characterized in that it can be held.
[0010]
According to this configuration, in the oil chuck according to the present invention, the oil supply from the oil supply port is arranged in the order of the first guide groove, the one-way valve, the second guide groove, the oil receiving port, and the oil passage. Since it is sent to the side surface of the piston body via and the piston body can be pressed to close the chuck body, it is possible to prevent the bearing from being worn by the chuck body and damaging the bearing. In addition, in high speed rotation, the higher the oil supply pressure, the higher the temperature. On the other hand, when the oil supply pressure is low, it is difficult for high temperature to occur. When stopped, the one-way valve is closed and the upstream side of the one-way valve is held at a low pressure, so that high heat generated by the high speed of rotation of the chuck body or other components can be avoided during processing.
[0011]
Further, a bearing is provided between the fixed seat and the rotating body, and a gap between the bearing and the fixed seat and the rotating body is a gap on a boundary surface between the sleeve body and the fixed body. The oil collection tank is formed in the outer frame, and the oil collection tank is connected to the fixed seat of the bearing and the rotating body via a path formed in the fixed seat. And a port for introducing cool air upstream of the one-way valve is provided from the upstream side of the one-way valve after the one-way valve is closed by the cool air. The oil that has penetrated into the inevitable gap between the sleeve body and the fixed body is pushed while being cooled, and is sent to the oil collecting tank around the bearing and via the path. Preferably it can be done. In this way, the oil that has oozed into the gap between the sleeve body and the fixed body and the gap between the fixed seat and the rotating body, which is unavoidable at the boundary surface between the sleeve body and the fixed body, is cooled to a predetermined temperature. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of high heat in the oil that has soaked into these gaps.
[0012]
Further, a second chuck body is provided on the opposite side of the chuck body on the shaft, and passes between the second chuck body and the chuck body through the shaft hole of the rotating body. It is preferable to provide an interlocking ring for transmitting and interlocking the body opening / closing operation to the second chuck body. In this way, both ends of the workpiece can protrude into the chuck body and the second chuck body, respectively, and both the ends can be processed.
[0013]
In addition, first and second guide rings are provided between the chuck body and the piston body and between the second chuck body and the rotating body, respectively, and the first guide ring is the piston body. In addition, the second guide ring is fixed to the rotating body, and the first and second guide rings and the chuck body and the second chuck body are in contact with each other by an inclined guide surface. is doing. As described above, the chuck body and the second chuck body are configured so that the oil supply is sent onto the side surface of the piston body, and then the piston body is pressed to pass through the first and second guide rings. And can be closed by being slid along the inclined guide surfaces.
[0014]
In order to prevent the introduced cool air from flowing back through the first guide groove and the oil filler port, it is preferable that a check valve is provided in the port.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of an oil chuck according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7, the oil chuck according to the present embodiment includes a substantially cylindrical outer frame 51, a fixed seat 52, and a rotating body 53 that are coaxial from outside to inside. A substantially cylindrical piston body 56 and a chuck body 61 are provided in the outer frame so as to be adjacent to the fixed seat 52 and the rotating body 53 on the shaft; and An oil supply port 522 is opened in the fixed seat 52, and oil is supplied from the oil supply port 522 through an oil receiving port 530 that opens to the outside of the wall in the wall of the rotating body 53 and then onto the side surface of the piston body 56. An oil passage 533 that closes and closes the chuck body 61 via the piston body 56 is formed. A sleeve body 54 is externally fitted and fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating body 53 so as to slidably contact the inner periphery of the fixed seat 52 at the outer periphery. An annular first guide groove that always communicates with the oil supply port 522 and receives oil from the oil supply port 522 even when the sleeve body 54 rotates together with the rotating body 53 on the outer wall surface of the sleeve body 54. 541 and an annular second guide groove 542 that always communicates with the oil receiving port 530 and feeds oil to the oil receiving port 530 are formed. Further, a one-way valve 55 from the inlet to the outlet is provided in the wall of the sleeve body 54 so that the inlet and the outlet communicate with the first guide groove 541 and the second guide groove 542, respectively. Thereby, the oil supply from the oil supply port 522 passes through the first guide groove 541, the one-way valve 55, the second guide groove 542, the oil receiving port 530, and the oil passage 533 in order. When the piston body 56 is pressed and the piston body 56 is pressed to close the chuck body 61 and the fuel supply from the oil supply port 522 is stopped, the one-way valve 55 is When closed, the downstream side of the one-way valve 55 can be maintained at a high pressure and the upstream side can be maintained at a low pressure.
[0016]
A bearing 531 is provided between the fixed seat 52 and the rotating body 53, and a gap 543 a between the bearing 531, the fixed seat 52 and the rotating body 53 serves as the sleeve body 54 and the fixed body 52. The inevitable gap 543b communicates with the boundary surface between the two. An oil collecting tank 513 is formed in the outer frame 51, and the oil collecting tank 513 is connected to the fixed seat 52 and the rotating body 53 of the bearing 531 via a path 524 formed in the fixed seat 52. It communicates with a gap 543a. A port 59 for introducing cool air is provided upstream of the one-way valve 55, and the sleeve body 54 is provided from the upstream side of the one-way valve 55 after the one-way valve 55 is closed by the cool air. The oil that has oozed into the inevitable gap 543b on the interface between the fixed body 52 and the fixed body 52 is pushed while being cooled, and is sent to the oil collecting tank 513 around the bearing 531 and the path 524. Can do. A check valve 591 is provided in the port 59.
[0017]
Further, a second chuck body 62 is provided on the opposite side of the chuck body 61 in the direction along the axis, and the rotating body is disposed between the second chuck body 62 and the chuck body 61. There is provided an interlocking ring 58 that passes through the shaft hole 532 of the 53 and transmits the opening / closing operation of the chuck body 61 to the second chuck body 62 for interlocking.
[0018]
Further, first and second guide rings 571 and 572 are provided between the chuck body 60 and the piston body 56 and between the second chuck body 62 and the rotating body 53, respectively. The guide ring 571 is fixed to the piston body 56, the second guide ring 572 is fixed to the rotating body 53, and the first and second guide rings 571, 572, the chuck body 61, and the second guide ring 572, respectively. The two chuck bodies 62 are in contact with inclined guide surfaces 611 and 621.
[0019]
When using the oil chuck in the present embodiment, first, the first guide groove 541, the one-way valve 55, the second guide groove 542, and the second guide groove 542 receive oil from the oil supply port 522 of the fixed seat 52. The piston body 56 is slid by pressing the oil receiving port 530 and the oil passage 533 on the side surface of the piston body 56 in order, and the first guide ring 571 is pressed. The chuck body 61 is slid along the guide surface 611 and closed, and the opening / closing operation of the chuck body 61 is transmitted to the second chuck body via the interlocking ring 58, The second chuck body 62 is closed together with the chuck body 61. In this way, the chuck body 61 and the second chuck body 62 can be processed while sandwiching the vicinity of both ends of the workpiece.
[0020]
After the chuck body 61 and the second chuck body 62 sandwich the workpiece, the oil supply from the oil supply port 522 is stopped, the one-way valve 55 is closed, and the downstream side of the one-way valve 55 is held at a high pressure. As a result, the chuck body 61 and the second chuck body 62 can be processed while holding the workpiece as it is, while continuing to press the piston body 56. On the other hand, the oil supply on the upstream side of the one-way valve 55 passes through the inevitable gap 543b at the boundary surface between the sleeve body 54 and the fixed body 52, and the fixed seat 52 and the rotation of the bearing. It penetrates into the gap 543a between the body 53 and the upstream side of the one-way valve 55 is kept at a low pressure.
[0021]
On the contrary, when the chuck body 61 and the second chuck body 62 are to be opened, the rotary body 53 is formed with a second oil supply port 523 that is open to the fixed seat 52. 2 is sent to the rear of the piston body 56 via the oil passage 534 and the piston body 56 is pressed and slid in the opposite direction, whereby the first and second guide rings 571 and 572 The chuck body 61 and the second chuck body 62 can be opened.
[0022]
Thus, the oil chuck holds the fixed seat 52 and the sleeve body 54, that is, the upstream side of the one-way valve 55 at a low pressure when processing with the workpiece interposed therebetween. High heat generated by high-speed rotation between the sleeve 52 and the sleeve body 54 can be avoided, and generation of high heat in the bearing 531 and other wear members or the chuck body 61 and the second chuck body 62 can be avoided. Can do.
[0023]
In addition, due to the cold air introduced from the port 59, the boundary surface between the sleeve body 54 and the fixed body 52 is inevitable from the upstream side of the one-way valve 55 after the one-way valve 55 is closed. The oil that has soaked into the gap 543b can be pushed while cooling and sent to the oil collecting tank 513 around the bearing 531 and via the path 524, so that high heat generated by high-speed rotation can be sufficiently avoided. it can.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the oil chuck according to the present invention, the oil supply from the oil supply port is arranged in the order of the first guide groove, the one-way valve, the second guide groove, the oil receiving port, and the oil passage. Since it is sent to the side surface of the piston body via and the piston body can be pressed to close the chuck body, it is possible to prevent the bearing from being worn by the chuck body and damaging the bearing. In addition, in high speed rotation, the higher the oil supply pressure, the higher the temperature. On the other hand, when the oil supply pressure is low, the oil chuck according to the present invention does not generate oil from the oil supply port because high temperature is unlikely to occur. When stopped, the one-way valve is closed and the upstream side of the one-way valve can be held at a low pressure, so that high heat is generated in the chuck body or other components when processing. Can be avoided.
[0025]
With the cold air introduced from the port 59, the oil that has oozed into the gap between the sleeve body and the fixed body and the gap between the fixed seat and the rotating body of the receiver is inevitably cooled. Since it can be maintained at a predetermined temperature, high heat caused by oil that has penetrated into these gaps can be avoided. [Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional oil chuck.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another conventional oil chuck.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another conventional oil chuck.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another conventional oil chuck.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an oil chuck according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view of the oil chuck taken along line 6-6 in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 6;
[Explanation of symbols]
51 Outer frame 513 Oil collection tank 52 Fixed seat 522 Oil supply port 523 Second oil supply port 524 Path 53 Rotating body 530 Oil reception port 531 Bearing 532 Shaft hole 533 Oil path 534 Second oil path 54 Sleeve body 541 First guide groove 542 Second guide groove 543 Clearance 55 One-way valve 56 Piston body 571 First guide ring 572 Second guide ring 58 Interlocking ring 59 Port 591 Check valve 61 Chuck body 611 First guide surface 62 Second chuck Body 621 second guide surface

Claims (5)

A substantially cylindrical outer frame (51), a fixed seat (52), and a rotating body (53) are provided coaxially from the outside to the inside, and within the outer frame, the substantially cylindrical piston A body (56) and a chuck body (61) are provided adjacent to the fixed seat (52), the rotating body (53) and the shaft, and an oil filler port is provided in the fixed seat (52). (522) is opened, and after receiving oil supply from the oil supply port (522) at the oil receiving port (530) opened to the outside of the wall in the wall of the rotating body (53), the piston body (56) In an oil chuck in which an oil passage (533) is formed which is sent and pressed onto the side surface of the cylinder and closes the chuck body (61) via the piston body (56).
A sleeve body (54) is externally fitted and fixed to the outer periphery of the rotating body (53) so as to slidably contact the inner periphery of the fixed seat (52) on the outer periphery,
Even when the sleeve body (54) rotates together with the rotating body (53) on the outer wall surface of the sleeve body (54), the sleeve body (54) always communicates with the oil supply port (522) and is connected to the oil supply port (522). An annular first guide groove (541) that receives oil supply and an annular second guide groove (542) that always communicates with the oil receiving port (530) and feeds oil to the oil receiving port (530). Formed,
A one-way valve from the inlet to the outlet in the wall of the sleeve body (54) whose inlet and outlet communicate with the first guide groove (541) and the second guide groove (542), respectively. (55) is provided,
Thereby, the oil supply from the oil supply port (522) is performed by the first guide groove (541), the one-way valve (55), the second guide groove (542), the oil receiving port (530), It is sent to the side surface of the piston body (56) through the oil passage (533) in order, and the piston body (56) can be pressed to close the chuck body (61), and the oil supply When refueling from the port (522) is stopped, the one-way valve (55) is closed, and the downstream side of the one-way valve (55) can be maintained at a high pressure and the upstream side can be maintained at a low pressure. Oil chuck to do. A bearing (531) is provided between the fixed seat (52) and the rotating body (53), and a gap between the bearing (531), the fixed seat (52) and the rotating body (53) is provided. The sleeve body (54) communicates with a gap at the boundary surface between the fixed seat (52), and an oil collecting tank (513) is formed in the outer frame (51). The oil collecting tank (513) is a gap between the fixed seat (52) of the bearing (531) and the rotating body (53) via a path (524) formed in the fixed seat (52). Communicated with
A port (59) for introducing cold air is provided upstream of the one-way valve (55), and from the upstream side of the one-way valve after the one-way valve (55) is closed by the cold air. The oil that has soaked into the gap at the boundary surface between the sleeve body (54) and the fixed seat (52) is pushed while cooling, and passes around the bearing (531) and the path (524). The oil chuck according to claim 1, wherein the oil chuck can be fed into the oil collecting tank (513). A second chuck body (62) is provided on the opposite side of the chuck body (61) on the shaft, and the rotation is performed between the second chuck body (62) and the chuck body (61). An interlocking ring (58) is provided which passes through the shaft hole (532) of the body (53) and transmits the opening / closing operation of the chuck body (61) to the second chuck body (62) to be interlocked. The oil chuck according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that First and second guide rings (571, 572) between the chuck body (61) and the piston body (56) and between the second chuck body (62) and the rotating body (53), respectively. ), The first guide ring (571) is fixed to the piston body (56), the second guide ring (572) is fixed to the rotating body (53), and the first and first Each of the two guide rings (571, 572) is in contact with the chuck body (61) and the second chuck body (62) by an inclined guide surface (611, 621). The oil chuck according to claim 3. The oil chuck according to claim 2, wherein a check valve (591) is provided in the port (59).

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