JP3868616B2 - Green onion harvester - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a self-propelled green onion harvester, and more specifically, digging green onions such as white green onions (root deep green onions) planted in a field, carrying out soil removal, root cutting, and preparation. The present invention relates to a leek harvester that continuously performs a series of harvesting operations stored in a container.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The self-propelled aircraft has a digging blade at the tip, passing from the lower front of the aircraft to the lower center of the aircraft, toward the rear of the aircraft, and the root of the green onion dug by the digging blade continuously to the digging blade. A digging / conveying conveyor device having an endless bar conveyor that is placed in a vertical posture and transported while being lifted, and a foliage portion of a leek that is located above the digging / conveying conveyor device and excavated from the field A pair of left and right sandwiching and transporting belts that are longer than the digging / conveying conveyor device, and sandwiching and transporting the digging / conveying conveyor device and the sandwiching and transporting belt. A rotor for dropping soil from the root of the green onion conveyed by the belt, a whisker rooting rotor for removing the root from the root of the green onion to be conveyed, and the nipping and conveying belt. End of conveyance of conveyor belt A stock conveyor that receives the green onion in a horizontal posture by a delivery conveyor, conveys the green onion intermittently, a stock container that is provided behind the stock conveyor and accommodates the green onion conveyed by the stock conveyor, and the stock Japanese Patent Application No. 9-64389 proposes a leek harvesting machine equipped with a container stand on which a container is placed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above prior art leek harvesting machine, a series of digging a leek such as white leek (root deep leek) planted in a bowl shape in the field, preparing it while conveying it, and storing the prepared leek It has become possible to continuously perform the harvesting work. However, there has been a problem that the soil cannot be sufficiently removed from the root of the green onion only by the earth-rotating rotor, and the earth must be earthed again after harvesting. In addition, the whisker removal rotor has a problem that the root of the green onion can be removed, but the entanglement between the green onions cannot be cut off.
[0004]
Therefore, the present invention further improves the above prior art leek harvesting machine, and removes the earth and sand adhering to the roots efficiently from the leek that is dug up from the field and transported, and An object of the present invention is to provide a leek harvester equipped with a root cutting / soil removing device that can cut off the entanglement of the roots of the green onions and can also efficiently remove the soil adhering to the roots. .
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve this object, the leek harvester according to the present invention is characterized by the following configuration.
[0006]
A. The self-propelled airframe 2 has a digging blade 6 at the tip from the front of the lower body through the lower center of the airframe to the rear of the airframe. The digging blade 6 was continuously dug up by the digging blade 6 . A digging / conveying conveyor device 8 that conveys the root of the green onion in a vertical position and lifts it, and a stalk of the green onion that is located above the digging / conveying conveyor device 8 and is dug up from the field parts and sandwiching conveyor belt 9 for conveying to hold the vertical position, provided between said drilling up-conveyor device 8 and the clamping conveyor belt 9, from the root of the leek which is sandwiched and conveyed by該挟lifting conveyor belt 9 In the leek harvesting machine 1 having the earth dropping rotor 14 for dropping earth,
A large number of protrusions 15b are attached to the outer periphery of the rotary drum 15a behind the earthing rotor 14 , and by rotating the rotary drum 15a , the roots of the green onion are rooted by the large numbers of protrusions 15b. A root cutting / soil removing device 15 for removing soil adhering to the soil was provided.
[0007]
B. The above-mentioned soil removal rotor 14 was rotated in the normal rotation direction with respect to the traveling direction of the airframe, and the root cutting / soil removal device 15 was supported to rotate in the reverse rotation direction with respect to the traveling direction of the airframe.
[0008]
C. The protrusion 15b is attached at an angle θ with respect to the rotation direction of the rotary drum 15a of the root cutting / soil removing device.
[0009]
D. The projection 15b is an inverted V-shape, randomly attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary drum 15a, the diameter D of the rotary drum 15a is larger than 120 mm.
[0010]
E. The earthing rotor 14 includes a rotating claw 14a, and an elastic member 14b or an elastic claw 14d is attached to the tip of the rotating claw 14a .
[0011]
[Action]
By adopting such means, the leek harvester of the present invention performs the following actions.
[0012]
a . A. above. With this configuration, the earth-moving rotor contacts the root of the green onion and drops the adhering earth. In addition, the root cutting / soil removal device is in contact with the root part of the green onion, and the protrusions remove the adhering soil that could not be removed by the soil removal rotor, and also entangle the adjacent roots in the root part of the green onion. Cut off and separate the roots.
[0013]
b . B. above. With this configuration, the earth dropping rotor is in contact with the root of the green onion so as to face the moving direction, and the attached soil is dropped. In addition, the root cutting / soil removing device is in contact with the root part so as to follow the moving direction with respect to the root part of the green onion, and removes adhering soil and breaks the root part of the root part to separate the root part. .
[0014]
c . C. above. With this configuration, the protrusions of the root cutting / soil removing device are attached at an angle with respect to the rotation direction of the rotary drum, so that the efficiency of removing the soil adhering to the root of the green onion is improved and the root Efficiently cut root tangles.
[0015]
d . D. above. With the configuration, the inverted V-shaped projections are randomly attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum, so that the projections are in contact with the roots of the moving green onions uniformly, and the removal efficiency of the soil adhering to the roots is good. At the same time, the root tangles are efficiently cut. Further, since the diameter of the rotating drum is larger than 120 mm, the roots and foliage of green onions are prevented from being entangled with the rotating drama.
[0016]
e . E. above. With this configuration, by attaching an elastic member or an elastic claw to the tip of the rotary claw of the earth dropping rotor, the soil is efficiently dropped without damaging the root of the green onion.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a leek harvesting machine, and a machine body 2 is equipped with crawlers 3 and 3 that are paired in left and right and that enable spin (super-confidence) rotation. An engine 4 is mounted on one side and slightly rear side of the airframe 2, and a hydraulic device driven by the engine 4 is installed in the vicinity thereof, although not shown. Between the crawlers 3 and 3, a transmission 5 is provided at a lower position near the rear part of the machine body 2 so that the crawlers 3 and 3 are driven to change speed.
[0018]
The crawlers 3 and 3 are driven to drive the crawler belt 3b by the driving wheel 3a at the rear part in the forward direction of the machine body 2, and a plurality of grounding wheels 3c that are in rolling contact with the crawler belt 3b by pressing the crawler belt 3b toward the grounding side. Is supported by a pair of front and rear link members 3e so as to be movable up and down with respect to the frame of the body 2, and a cylinder mechanism 3f that can extend and contract between the wheel frame 3d and the frame of the body 2 is supported. And the ground contact portion of the crawler belt 3b can be moved up and down around the drive wheel 3a by expansion and contraction of the cylinder mechanism 3f.
[0019]
The crawlers 3, 3 have a digging blade 6 at the tip from the lower front of the airframe 2 through the center lower part of the airframe 2 toward the rear of the airframe 2, and the digging blade 6 continuously There is provided a digging / conveying conveyor device 8 having an endless bar conveyor 7 that conveys the root of the leek digged by the blade 6 while placing it in a vertical posture and lifting it. A pair of left and right longer than the digging / conveying conveyor device 8, which is located above the digging / conveying conveyor device 8 and holds and conveys the foliage of the leek excavated from the field in a vertical posture. Is provided.
[0020]
A base end portion of the digging / conveying conveyor device 8 is pivotally supported by a support frame 10 that also serves as a transmission case projecting forward from the machine body 2 so as to be vertically rotatable via a shaft 8a. A bracket 8b is provided below the rear portion of the frame of the digging / conveying conveyor device 8. A hydraulic cylinder 11 is interposed between the bracket 8b and the machine body 2, and the hydraulic cylinder 11 is operated by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 11. The digging / conveying conveyor device 8 rotates upward about a shaft 8a.
[0021]
The sandwiching and transporting belt 9 is sandwiched and transported without damaging the foliage portion of the green onion, with the left and right opposing surfaces being filled with a large number of filling rollers 9a, 9a... 9 is driven at the front end of the link arm 12 digging the base end and pivotally attached to the frame of the conveyor device 8, and the rear end is pivotally attached at the base end to the body 2 side. It is pivotally supported at the tip of the link arm 13 that also serves as a case. Then, when the base of the digging / conveying conveyor device 8 is rotated and moved upward, the holding and conveying belt 9 is moved rearward by the link arms 12 and 13 in conjunction therewith. Further, a soil rotor 14 for removing soil from the root of the green onion is attached to the link arm 12 so as to rotate in the forward rotation direction with respect to the traveling direction of the machine body 2, and behind the soil rotor 14, A root cutting / soil removing device 15 for performing root cutting of the green onion and removing soil adhering to the root portion is attached so as to rotate in the reverse direction with respect to the traveling direction of the machine body 2.
[0022]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the root cutting / soil removing device 15 has a large number of inverted V-shaped projections 15b attached to the outer periphery of the rotating drum 15a, and the rotating drum has a diameter D of 120 mm. It is set large. Each protrusion 15b is attached with an angle θ with respect to the rotation direction of the rotary drum 15a, and the angle θ is 20 to 30 degrees.
[0023]
As shown in FIG. 5, the earthing rotor 14 includes a rotating claw 14 a, and an elastic member 14 b such as a rubber cap is attached to the tip of the rotating claw 14 a. The elastic member 14b is provided with a mounting hole 14c to the rotating claw 14a. Further, instead of the elastic member 14b, as shown in FIG. 6, the elastic claw 14d may be attached to the tip of the rotating claw 14a via the pin 14e so as to extend the rotating claw 14a. Is.
[0024]
A delivery conveyor 16 is provided below the conveyance end portion of the nipping / conveying belt 9, and a delivery belt 17 is provided above the conveyance end portion of the nipping / conveying belt 9. A stock conveyor 18 that discharges in a posture and intermittently rotates and conveys to this discharge position is slidable in the left-right direction. Behind the stock conveyor 18 is provided a stock container 19 for storing the green onions conveyed by the stock conveyor 18, and a container table 20 for placing the stock container 19 behind the stock container 19. However, it is detachably attached to the body 2. An empty container stand 21 for placing an empty container is provided on the upper front side of the container stand 20.
[0025]
On the side of the airframe 2 opposite to the engine 4, a control unit 22, a step 23 for the operator, a step 24 for the operator, and the like are provided. In the worker step 24, the preparation worker or the operator gets on, prepares the green onion conveyed by the stock conveyor 18, and accommodates it in the stock container 19. The operator step 23 and the operator step 24 may be provided with a seat on which the operator and the operator sit, respectively.
[0026]
A pair of left and right wheel support arms 25, 25 protrudes forward from the left and right frames of the digging / conveying conveyor device 8. A pair of grounding wheels 26 and 26 that are in rolling contact with the shoulders are pivotally supported to face each other. The wheels 26 and 26 serve as a heel following device that follows the movement of the machine body along the length direction of the harvested onion ridge, and the digging / conveying conveyor device 8 is controlled by a vertical adjustment mechanism 25a. It is supported so that it can be adjusted vertically and horizontally. Further, the pair of wheels 26 and 26 have a camber angle, rotate in contact with the inclined shoulders of the harvested onion ridge, and steer and move the machine following the harvested onion ridge. ing.
[0027]
The transmission 5 that receives power from the engine 4 and shifts is provided with a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) that is continuously variable although not shown. In this way, the power transmission is connected and disconnected via the side clutch and the differential device, and the crawlers 3 and 3 are driven in a stepless and stepless manner, and spin turning (super turning) is enabled. . Further, the transmission 5 transmits the shifted power to each rotating portion, and the rotation speed thereof can be adjusted to be continuously variable or stepless. The speed change and the stepless or stepped traveling of the crawlers 3 and 3 can be performed. By combining, the excavation work speed can be set freely.
[0028]
Next, operation | movement of the leek harvesting machine 1 of the Example comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated. When the green onion harvester 1 harvests the green onion from the field, the ground wheels 26 and 26 are brought into contact with the inclined shoulders of the green onion to be harvested, and the digging blade 6 portion of the digging / conveying conveyor device 8 is moved up and down. The adjustment mechanism 25a adjusts the digging depth by adjusting the vertical movement, and the forward movement of the machine digs up the green onion with the digging blade 6 from below with the clay and places the root portion on the bar conveyor 7 to the rhizome portion. While adhering soil is dropped, it is transported diagonally upward. Simultaneously with this conveyance, the foliage of the green onion is nipped by the nipping conveyance belt 9 and conveyed without being damaged.
[0029]
When the green onion conveyed in the vertical position by the bar conveyor 7 and the sandwiching and conveying belt 9 reaches the end of the bar conveyor 7, the earthing rotor 14 comes into contact with the root of the white onion and adheres to the rhizome. The earth and sand that falls are dropped. When the green onions move further, the root cutting and soil removing device 15 cuts the roots of the green onions and removes the soil adhering to the roots. Then, when the green onions are discharged from the end of the nipping / conveying belt 9, the green onions are discharged sideways by the delivery conveyor 16 and the delivery belt 17 onto the stock conveyor 18. Since the stock conveyor 18 is adjusted according to the length of the green onions that are slid in the left-right direction and moves intermittently, the green onions are gathered almost by a predetermined amount and stably conveyed.
[0030]
The green onions that are placed and moved on the stock conveyor 18 are prepared by the preparation operator or operator at the position 24 of the preparation operator, or are stored in the stock container 19 from the end of the stock conveyor 18 as they are. The When the onion in the stock container 19 reaches a predetermined amount, the stock container 19 is moved and loaded on the container table 20. When the stock container 19 loaded on the container table 20 reaches a predetermined amount, the harvesting operation is temporarily interrupted, the stock container 19 is transferred to a transporting vehicle and carried out, and the harvesting operation is resumed.
[0031]
Here, the leek harvesting machine 1 has an appropriate moving speed according to the field condition and the crop condition by the stepless or stepped variable speed travel of the crawlers 3 and 3, and the stepless or stepped variable speed rotation of each rotating part. The rotation speed can be selected, the work accuracy is high, and the efficient harvesting work is performed. Further, the crawlers 3 and 3 are capable of spin turning (super turning), and the excavating / conveying conveyor device 8 and the grounding wheel 26 are rotated upward by the hydraulic cylinder 11 and are held by the link arms 12 and 13. The conveyor belt 9 and the delivery belt 17 can be moved rearward, the entire length of the machine body 2 can be shortened, the spin can be stably rotated on the headland and the like, and the next harvest can be moved in one turn.
[0032]
Further, in front of the digging / conveying conveyor device 8, grounding wheels 26, 26 that follow along with the movement of the machine body along the length direction of the harvested green onion are provided, and the digging / conveying conveyor device 8 is vertically adjusted. Since the mechanism 25a is supported so that it can be adjusted up and down and left and right, both wheels 26 automatically follow the onion to be harvested and automatically steer the machine, digging / conveying conveyor device 8 and nipping and conveying Automatic digging and conveyance by the belt 9 is performed. Therefore, the operator can spend most of the time on the preparation work except for the airframe steering operation at the end of the harvested white leek.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As explained above, according to the leek harvesting machine of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
[0034]
A. A large number of projections 15b are attached to the outer periphery of the rotary drum 15a behind the earth- carrying rotor 14 , and the root of the green onion is rooted by the numerous projections 15b by rotating the rotary drum 15a. Since the root cutting / soil removing device 15 for removing the attached soil is provided, the soil dropping rotor contacts the root of the green onion and drops the attached soil. In addition, the root cutting / soil removal device makes contact with the root of the green onion, removes the attached soil that could not be removed by the soil removal rotor, and cuts off the entanglement of the adjacent green on the root of the green onion. The root can be separated .
[0035]
B. Since the earthing rotor 14 is rotated in the forward direction with respect to the traveling direction of the aircraft, and the root cutting / soil removing device 15 is supported to rotate in the reverse direction with respect to the traveling direction of the aircraft, the earthing rotor is supported. Touching the root of the spring onion so as to face the moving direction, the attached soil is dropped. In addition, the root cutting / soil removing device is in contact with the root part so as to follow the moving direction with respect to the root part of the green onion, and removes adhering soil and breaks the root part of the root part to separate the root part. be able to.
[0036]
C. Since the protrusion 15b is attached at an angle θ with respect to the rotation direction of the rotary drum 15a of the root cutting / soil removal apparatus, the protrusion of the root cutting / soil removal apparatus has a wide contact area with respect to the rotation direction of the rotation drum. Thus, the removal efficiency of the soil adhering to the root portion is improved, and the root entanglement can be efficiently cut.
[0037]
D. The projection 15b is an inverted V-shape, randomly attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary drum 15a, the diameter D of the rotary drum 15a is Te was larger than 120 mm, projection which an inverted V-shaped by the rotation of the rotary drum It is possible to contact the root part of the moving green onion uniformly and to improve the removal efficiency of the soil adhering to the root part, and to efficiently cut the entanglement of the root part of the root part. Moreover, since the diameter of the rotating drum is larger than 120 mm and the perimeter becomes longer, it is possible to prevent the roots and foliage of green onions from being entangled with the rotating drama.
[0038]
E. The earth dropping rotor 14 includes a rotating claw 14a, and the elastic member 14b or the elastic claw 14d is attached to the tip of the rotating claw 14a, so that the soil can be efficiently removed without damaging the root of the green onion by the elastic member or the elastic claw. Can be dropped.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a leek harvester according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the root cutting and soil removing device.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the same.
5A is a side view showing a state in which an elastic member is mounted on a rotary claw of a soil-carrying rotor, FIG. 5B is a partial front view thereof, and FIG. 5C is a plan view of the elastic member.
6A is a plan view of a state where an elastic claw material is attached to a rotating claw, FIG. 6B is a bottom view thereof, and FIG. 6C and FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Green onion harvester 2 Machine body 3 Crawler 3a Drive wheel 3b Crawler belt 3c Grounding wheel 3d Wheel frame 3e Link member 3f Cylinder mechanism 4 Engine 5 Transmission 6 Digging blade 7 Endless bar conveyor 8 Digging / conveying conveyor device 8a Shaft 8b Bracket 9 Nipping / conveying belt 10 Support frame that also serves as a transmission case 11 Hydraulic cylinders 12 and 13 Link arm 14 Landing rotor 14a Rotating claw 14b Elastic member 14c Mounting hole 14d Elastic claw 14e Pin 15 Root cutting / soil removing device 15a Rotating drum D Diameter of rotating drum 15b Protrusion θ Mounting angle 16 of protrusion to rotating drum 16 Delivery conveyor 17 Delivery belt 18 Stock conveyor 19 Stock container 20 Container stand 21 Empty container stand 22 Steering unit 23 Steering step 24 Steering step 24 Step 25 Wheel support arm 25a Wheel vertical adjustment mechanism 26 Ground wheel

Claims (5)

The self-propelled airframe (2) has a digging blade (6) at the front end from the front of the lower part of the airframe to the rear of the airframe through the lower part of the airframe, and the digging blade is continuously connected to the digging blade (6). The digging / conveying conveyor device (8) for transporting the root of the leek dug up in (6) while being lifted in a vertical posture, and located above the digging / conveying conveyor device (8) Then, a nipping and conveying belt (9) for nipping and conveying the foliage of the leek dug up from the field in a vertical posture, and between the digging / conveying conveyor device (8) and the nipping and conveying belt (9) In a leek harvesting machine (1) having a soil rotor (14) for dropping soil from a root part of a leek that is provided on the nipping and conveying belt (9) ,
A large number of protrusions (15b) are attached to the outer periphery of the rotary drum (15a) behind the above-mentioned earthing rotor (14) , and the rotary drum (15a) is rotated to turn the plurality of protrusions (15b). A leek harvesting machine comprising a root cutting / soil removing device (15) for performing root cutting of the root and removing soil adhering to the root. The fact that the above-mentioned soil removal rotor (14) is rotated in the forward direction with respect to the traveling direction of the aircraft, and the root cutting and soil removal device (15) is supported so as to be rotated in the reverse direction with respect to the traveling direction of the aircraft. The onion harvester according to claim 1, wherein The onion harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the protrusion (15b ) is attached at an angle (θ) with respect to the rotational direction of the rotary drum (15a) of the root cutting and soil removing device. The protrusion (15b) has an inverted V shape, is randomly attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum (15a), and the diameter (D) of the rotating drum (15a) is larger than 120 mm. A leek harvester according to 1, 2 or 3. The earthing rotor (14) includes a rotating claw (14a), and an elastic member (14b) or an elastic claw (14d) is attached to a tip of the rotating claw (14a). The onion harvester according to 2 or 3.

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