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JP3738465B2 - Method for producing water-dispersible acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive - Google Patents

Method for producing water-dispersible acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3738465B2
JP3738465B2 JP15686095A JP15686095A JP3738465B2 JP 3738465 B2 JP3738465 B2 JP 3738465B2 JP 15686095 A JP15686095 A JP 15686095A JP 15686095 A JP15686095 A JP 15686095A JP 3738465 B2 JP3738465 B2 JP 3738465B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
water
polymerization
sensitive adhesive
acrylic pressure
monomer
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JP15686095A
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JPH08325309A (en
Inventor
裕 諸石
裕 戸崎
チヤ―リ―・マテユ―
雅好 夏目
竜司 桑原
秀樹 長津
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Nitto Denko Corp
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Nitto Denko Corp
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F20/00Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F20/02Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms, Derivatives thereof
    • C08F20/10Esters
    • C08F20/12Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/12Polymerisation in non-solvents
    • C08F2/16Aqueous medium
    • C08F2/22Emulsion polymerisation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、接着性と凝集力との両特性にすぐれた水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤の製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、アクリル系感圧性接着剤は、そのすぐれた接着特性ないし耐久性から、従来のゴム系感圧性接着剤に代わつて広く普及してきた。また、環境対策、省資源の観点から、有機溶剤を使用しない水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤が研究開発され、その使用量も増加しつつある。
【0003】
このような水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤は、一般に、乳化重合法により調製されている。すなわち、(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステルを主成分とし、必要に応じてアクリル酸、スチレン、酢酸ビニルなどの改質用単量体を加えた単量体を、水媒体中で乳化剤および重合開始剤を用いて乳化重合することにより、調製されている。この方法により得られる水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤は、溶液重合で得られるアクリル系感圧性接着剤より比較的高分子量になるため、高い凝集力が得られるのが普通である。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、上記従来の水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤は、より高度の特性が求められる用途、たとえば、高温状態で使用される場合には、凝集力が満足せず、より高い凝集力を得るために、外部架橋剤として、メラミン化合物、エポキシ化合物、金属塩などを配合するようにしており、この場合、接着性とくに粗面に対する接着性が劣つてしまうことが多くみられた。
【0005】
これらの接着性と凝集力を両立させるために、特別な単量体を使用したり、軟化剤的作用をする添加剤を用いたり、粘着付与樹脂を混合したり、特殊な架橋剤の使用、重合方法の変更などの多くの試みがなされている。しかしながら、特別な単量体を使用する場合には、接着特性が限定されて応用範囲が狭くなり、また各種の添加剤を使用する場合、その混合に際し均一性を達成するための工夫や、ポツトライフなどの問題が発生することがあつた。
【0006】
本発明は、これらの問題を解決するとともに、接着性と凝集力を容易に両立でき、単量体の組成を変更するだけで多くの用途に適用できる水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤の製造方法を提供することを目的としている。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記の目的を達成するため、鋭意検討した結果、アクリル系単量体を特定の重合開始剤を用いて乳化重合する手段と、上記同様の単量体の乳化物を滴下しながら乳化重合する手段とを、うまく組み合わせることにより、接着性と凝集力を容易に両立できる水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤が得られることを見い出し、本発明を完成するに至つた。
【0008】
すなわち、本発明の第1は、アルキル基の炭素数が1〜14の(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステルを50重量%以上の割合で含む単量体を10時間半減期温度が70℃以下の重合開始剤を用いて一括仕込みにて乳化重合する第1工程、この工程後の重合系内に重合開始剤を加えこれにアルキル基の炭素数が1〜14の(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステルを50重量%以上の割合で含む単量体の水乳化物を滴下しながら乳化重合する第2工程とからなる水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤の製造方法に係るものである。
【0009】
また、本発明の第2は、アルキル基の炭素数が1〜14の(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステルを50重量%以上の割合で含む単量体を10時間半減期温度が70℃以下の重合開始剤を用いて一括仕込みにて乳化重合して第1の水分散液を得、これとは別に、水に重合開始剤を加えこれにアルキル基の炭素数が1〜14の(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステルを50重量%以上の割合で含む単量体の水乳化物を滴下しながら乳化重合して第2の水分散液を得、この第1および第2の水分散液を混合することからなる水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤の製造方法に係るものである。
【0010】
【発明の構成・作用】
本発明に用いる(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステルは、アルキル基の炭素数が1〜14のアクリル酸またはメタクリル酸のアルキルエステルであり、1種または2種以上を用いる。具体的には、アクリル酸ブチル、アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル、アクリル酸イソノニル、アクリル酸イソオクチルなどが挙げられる。これらの単量体は主成分として全単量体の50重量%以上の割合で用いられる。これより少ないと、本発明の目的とする接着性および凝集力にすぐれた水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤が得られにくい。
【0011】
単量体としては、上記の主成分とともに、必要により他の単量体を併用してもよい。たとえば、接着性の改良のため、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、イタコン酸、マレイン酸、アクリル酸ε−カプロラクトンなどのエチレン性不飽和カルボン酸が用いられる。また、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル、酢酸ビニル、スチレンまたはその誘導体、ビニルピロリドン、アクリルアミド、N−メチロ―ルアクリルアミド、アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシエチル、N,N−ジメチルアミノプロピルアクリルアミド、アクリル酸モルホリノなどがある。
【0012】
これらの他の単量体は、全単量体の50重量%以下の範囲で、各単量体の種類に応じてその使用量が適宜選択される。たとえば、エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸では、重合安定性が損なわれることのないように、全単量体の10重量%以下の範囲で使用するのがよい。また、良好な感圧接着性を発現させるために、得られるアクリル系共重合体のガラス転移点が通常250K以下となるように、主成分および他の単量体の組成を決めるのが望ましい。
【0013】
本発明においては、上記の単量体、つまり、アルキル基の炭素数が1〜14の(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステルを主成分とする単量体を、10時間半減期温度が70℃以下の重合開始剤を用いて乳化重合する第1工程、この工程後の重合系内に重合開始剤を加え上記同様の単量体の水乳化物を滴下しながら乳化重合する第2工程とにより、水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤を製造する。
【0014】
第1工程に用いる重合開始剤は、10時間半減期温度が70℃以下、好ましくは65℃以下のものであり、たとえば、2,2−アゾビス〔2−メチル−N−(フエニルメチル)−プロピオンアミジン〕ジハイドロクロライド、2,2−アゾビス〔2−(3,4,5,6−テトラハイドロピリミジン2−イル)プロパン〕ジハイドロクロライド、2,2−アゾビス〔2−(2−イミダゾリン−2−イル)プロパン〕などのアゾ系開始剤、3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサノイルパ―オキシサイド、t−ブチルペルオキシピバレイトなどの過酸化物系開始剤、過硫酸塩と亜硫酸水素ナトリウムのようなレドツクス系開始剤がある。
【0015】
このような特定の重合開始剤を用いることにより、乳化重合中での急激な反応を防いで反応制御を容易にするとともに、乳化重合の特徴である分子量の増大効果を十分に発揮させることができる。このような重合開始剤の使用量は、とくに限定するものではなく、重合温度によつて適宜決定されるが、多量に用いると、反応制御が困難になり、かつ分子量が低下して凝集力が低下するため、好ましくない。好適には、単量体100重量部あたり、0.001〜0.2重量部の範囲で重合温度を勘案して最適の使用量を決めればよい。
【0016】
第1工程では、上記の単量体を、乳化剤を用いて水中に均一に乳化分散させ、これに上記の重合開始剤を加えて、所定温度で乳化重合する。乳化剤としては、ノニオン系、アニオン系のいずれの乳化剤も使用可能であり、一般には、単量体100重量部あたり0.3〜5重量部程度の範囲で用いられる。乳化剤として、エチレ性不飽和二重結合を有する反応性乳化剤を使用すると、耐水性に好結果が得られるため、好ましい。重合温度は、反応の制御が容易に行えるような温度、具体的には30〜60℃とするのがよく、このような温度で乳化重合すると、より高い分子量が得られるため、好ましい。
【0017】
第2工程では、第1工程での重合率が95重量%以上、好ましくは98重量%以上となつたのち、この第1工程後の重合系内にさらに重合開始剤を加え、あらかじめ第1工程の場合と同様の単量体を水中に乳化分散させた水乳化物を滴下しながら、所定温度で乳化重合する。第1工程での重合率が95重量%未満の段階で第2工程に移ると、接着性と凝集力との両立が難しい。
【0018】
第2工程での単量体組成は、基本的に、第1工程のそれと同じであるが、組成を多少変更させることにより、接着特性の改良を図るようにしてもよい。たとえば、エチレン性不飽和カルボン酸の量を増加することにより、接着性を増大させることができる。さらに、重合開始剤は第1工程のそれと同じものを用いてよいが、滴下される単量体を速やかに重合させるため、その使用量をできるだけ多くし、また重合温度をできるだけ高めにするのが望ましい。具体的には、重合開始剤として、過硫酸アンモニウム、過硫酸カリウムなどの過硫酸塩を選択し、この重合開始剤を単量体100重量部あたり0.01〜0.5重量部程度の割合で用いて、40〜80℃の温度で乳化重合すればよい。
【0019】
このようにして得られる水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤は、第1工程では、単量体が過剰に存在する、いわゆるラジカルが不足する状態での重合のために、高い分子量成分が多く生成して、これがとくに凝集力の増大に寄与し、一方、第2工程では、単量体の水乳化物を滴下しながら重合する、いわゆるラジカルが過剰な状態での重合のために、低い分子量成分が生成して、第1工程で問題となりやすい接着性とくに粗面接着性を補うべく作用し、その結果、接着性とくに粗面接着性と凝集力との両立がうまく図れるものである。
【0020】
このような効果を奏するうえで、第1工程に用いる単量体と第2工程に用いる単量体との重量比は、20:80〜80:20の範囲とするのが好ましく、より好ましくは30:70〜70:30の範囲とするのがよい。第1工程に用いる単量体が多すぎると、接着性とくに粗面接着性が低くなり、また第2工程に用いる単量体が多すぎると、凝集力が損なわれるため、好ましくない。
【0021】
本発明においては、上記の第1および第2工程の乳化重合を連続して行わず、それぞれ別個に乳化重合したものを混合することにより、水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤を製造することもできる。すなわち、上記の第1工程と同様に乳化重合して第1の水分散液を得、これとは別に、上記の第2工程と同様に乳化重合して、つまり水に重合開始剤を加えこれに単量体の水乳化物を滴下しながら乳化重合して第2の水分散液を得、この第1および第2の水分散液を混合することにより、水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤を製造する。
【0022】
その際、第1の水分散液と第2の水分散液との混合比は、第1の水分散液に用いた単量体と第2の水分散液に用いた単量体との重量比が、20:80〜80:20の範囲となるようにするのが好ましく、より好ましくは30:70〜70:30の範囲とするのがよい。このような割合で混合することにより、接着性とくに粗面接着性と凝集力との両立がうまく図られる。なお、第1の水分散液を得るための乳化重合の手法および第2の水分散液を得るための乳化重合の手法は、それぞれ前記の第1工程および第2工程に準ずるものである。
【0023】
本発明の方法により製造される水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤には、必要により、各種の添加剤、たとえば、粘着付与樹脂、着色剤、充てん剤、老化防止剤などを任意に配合することができる。また、凝集力のさらに一層の増大を必要とする場合は、外部架橋剤を添加しても差し支えない。本発明の水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤では、外部架橋剤を添加しても、接着性の大きな低下をきたすことなく、凝集力を改良できるという特徴を有している。
【0024】
本発明の水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤は、プラスチツクフイルム、紙、金属箔などの任意の支持体の片面または両面に直接塗工、乾燥することにより、あるいはセパレ―タ上に塗工、乾燥したのち、上記支持体の片面または両面に転写することにより、シ―ト状やテ―プ状などの接着シ―ト類とすることができる。この場合に、感圧性接着剤の層の厚さは、用途目的に応じて適宜決定されるが、通常は5〜150μm程度とすればよい。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明によれば、アクリル系単量体を特定の重合開始剤を用いて乳化重合する手段と、上記同様の単量体の乳化物を滴下しながら乳化重合する手段とを、うまく組み合わせることにより、接着性と凝集力を容易に両立でき、上記両手段に用いる単量体の組成を変更するだけで多くの用途に適用できる水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤を製造することができる。
【0026】
【実施例】
つぎに、本発明をさらに具体的に説明するため、実施例および比較例を示す。本発明はこれらの実施例によつてなんら限定されるものではない。なお、以下において部とあるのは重量部を意味する。
【0027】
実施例1
温度計、攪拌器、窒素導入管および還流冷却管を備えた反応器に、アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル70部、アクリル酸エチル27部、アクリル酸3部、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソ―ダ1部、ポリオキシエチレンノニルフエニルエ―テル(HLB:14)1部および水150部を加え、窒素置換しながら全体を均一に乳化した。温度を50℃に設定し、2,2−アゾビス〔2−メチル−N−(フエニルメチル)−プロピオンアミジン〕ジハイドロクロライド0.02部を加え、50℃に8時間維持して、乳化重合を行い、第1の水分散液Aを得た。重合率は99.4重量%であつた。
【0028】
これとは別に、アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル70部、アクリル酸エチル27部、アクリル酸3部、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソ―ダ1部、ポリオキシエチレンノニルフエニルエ―テル(HLB:14)1部および水70部を、ホモミキサ―にて均一に乳化して、水乳化物を調製した。前記同様の反応器に、水80部および過硫酸アンモニウム0.2部を投入して、均一に溶解させ、窒素置換しながら、70℃に設定した。この反応器に、上記単量体の水乳化物を3時間かけて滴下し、滴下終了後上記の温度に2時間維持して、乳化重合を行い、第2の水分散液Bを得た。重合率は99.8重量%であつた。
【0029】
このようにして得られた第1の水分散液Aと、第2の水分散液Bとを、重量比50:50の比率で混合して、水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤とした。この感圧性接着剤を25μmのポリエステルフイルム上に乾燥後の厚さが50μmとなるように塗布し、100℃で3分間乾燥して、接着テ―プを作製した。
【0030】
実施例2
実施例1の第1の水分散液Aを得たのち、つまり、第1工程として、第1の水分散液Aを得るのと全く同じ方法で乳化重合を行つたのち、その重合系内に、第2工程として、過硫酸アンモニウム0.2部を水10部に溶解した溶液を加え、窒素置換しながら、70℃に加温した。これに、アクリル酸2−エチルヘキシル70部、アクリル酸エチル27部、アクリル酸3部、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸ソ―ダ1部、ポリオキシエチレンノニルフエニルエ―テル(HLB:14)1部および水70部をホモミキサ―にて均一に乳化した水乳化物を、3時間かけて滴下し、滴下終了後上記と同じ温度に2時間維持して、乳化重合を行つた。このときの重合率は、99.8重量%であつた。得られた水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤を用い、実施例1と同様にして、接着テ―プを作製した。
【0031】
実施例3
実施例2の方法で得た水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤に、ポリマ―固形分100部あたり、エポキシ系架橋剤(日産化学社製の商品名TEPIC)0.05部を水1部に溶解した水溶液を配合して、架橋剤を含む水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤とした。この水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤を用い、実施例1と同様にして、接着テ―プを作製した。
【0032】
比較例1
実施例1の第1の水分散液Aを、これ単独で水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤とした。この水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤を用い、実施例1と同様にして、接着テ―プを作製した。
【0033】
比較例2
実施例1の第2の水分散液Bを、これ単独で水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤とした。この水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤を用い、実施例1と同様にして、接着テ―プを作製した。
【0034】
実施例4
温度計、攪拌器、窒素導入管および還流冷却管を備えた反応器に、アクリル酸イソノニル80部、アクリル酸エチル10部、アクリロニトリル5部、メタクリル酸5部、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフエニルエ―テルサルフエ―トアンモニウム塩のフエニル基にプロペニル基を付加した反応性乳化剤3部および水150部を加え、窒素置換しながら、全体を均一に乳化した。温度を50℃に設定し、過硫酸カリウム0.05部および亜硫酸水素ナトリウム0.05部からなるレドツクス系開始剤を用いて、50℃に8時間維持して、乳化重合を行い、第1の水分散液Cを得た。重合率は98.9重量%であつた。
【0035】
これとは別に、アクリル酸イソノニル80部、アクリル酸エチル10部、アクリロニトリル5部、メタクリル酸5部、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフエニルエ―テルサルフエ―トアンモニウム塩のフエニル基にプロペニル基を付加した反応性乳化剤3部および水70部を、ホモミキサ―にて均一に乳化して、水乳化物を調製した。前記同様の反応器に、水80部および過硫酸アンモニウム0.2部を投入して、均一に溶解させ、窒素置換しながら、70℃に設定した。この反応器に、上記単量体の水乳化物を3時間かけて滴下し、滴下終了後上記の温度に2時間維持して、乳化重合を行い、第2の水分散液Dを得た。重合率は99.4重量%であつた。
【0036】
このようにして得られた第1の水分散液Cと、第2の水分散液Dとを、重量比50:50の比率で混合して、水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤とした。この感圧性接着剤を用い、実施例1と同様にして、接着テ―プを作製した。
【0037】
実施例5
実施例4の第1の水分散液Cを得たのち、つまり、第1工程として、第1の水分散液Cを得るのと全く同じ方法で乳化重合を行つたのち、その重合系内に、第2工程として、過硫酸アンモニウム0.2部を水10部に溶解した溶液を加え、窒素置換しながら、70℃に加温した。これに、アクリル酸イソノニル80部、アクリル酸エチル10部、アクリロニトリル5部、メタクリル酸5部、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフエニルエ―テルサルフエ―トアンモニウム塩のフエニル基にプロペニル基を付加した反応性乳化剤3部および水70部をホモミキサ―にて均一に乳化した水乳化物を、3時間かけて滴下し、滴下終了後上記と同じ温度に2時間維持して、乳化重合を行つた。このときの重合率は、99.5重量%であつた。得られた水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤を用い、実施例1と同様にして、接着テ―プを作製した。
【0038】
以上の実施例1〜5および比較例1,2の各接着テ―プについて、以下の要領により、接着力、粗面接着力および凝集力を測定した。結果は、後記の表1に示されるとおりであつた。
【0039】
<接着力の測定>
接着テ―プより20mm×100mmの大きさの試験片を作製し、この試験片を、#280のサンドペ―パ―でサンデイングしたステンレス板に、2Kgのロ―ラで1往復させる方法で圧着し、30分経過後、温度23℃、相対湿度65%の条件下、引張速度300mm/分で180度剥離に要する力を測定した。
【0040】
<粗面接着力の測定>
#100のサンドペ―パ―を用いた以外は、接着力の測定の場合と同様の方法で粗面接着力を測定した。
【0041】
<凝集力の測定>
フエノ―ル樹脂板に、接着テ―プを10mm×20mmの接着面積で貼り付け、室温で20分間放置後、さらに80℃で20分間放置したのち、フエノ―ル樹脂板を垂直に下げ、接着テ―プの自由端に500gの荷重を負荷させ、接着テ―プが落下するまでの時間を測定した。
【0042】
【表1】

Figure 0003738465
【0043】
上記の表1の結果から、比較例1,2の両接着テ―プは、接着力とくに粗面接着力に劣るか、または凝集力に劣つているのに対し、実施例1〜5の各接着テ―プでは、接着力とくに粗面接着力と凝集力の両特性にすぐれており、また、架橋した実施例3の接着テ―プでは、接着力の低下をほとんどきたすことなく、凝集力を大きく改良できるものであることも明らかである。[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for producing a water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive excellent in both adhesive properties and cohesive strength.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives have been widely used in place of conventional rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesives because of their excellent adhesive properties and durability. In addition, from the viewpoint of environmental measures and resource saving, water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives that do not use organic solvents have been researched and developed, and the amount of use is increasing.
[0003]
Such water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives are generally prepared by an emulsion polymerization method. That is, a monomer containing (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester as a main component and, if necessary, a modifying monomer such as acrylic acid, styrene or vinyl acetate, is added as an emulsifier and a polymerization initiator in an aqueous medium. It is prepared by emulsion polymerization using Since the water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive obtained by this method has a relatively high molecular weight as compared with the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive obtained by solution polymerization, it is common to obtain a high cohesive force.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above conventional water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive does not satisfy the cohesive force when used in applications requiring higher properties, for example, at high temperatures, and obtains a higher cohesive force. Therefore, a melamine compound, an epoxy compound, a metal salt, or the like is blended as an external cross-linking agent. In this case, the adhesiveness, particularly the adhesiveness to a rough surface, is often inferior.
[0005]
In order to make these adhesiveness and cohesive force compatible, use special monomers, use additives that act as softeners, mix tackifier resins, use special crosslinking agents, Many attempts have been made, such as changing the polymerization method. However, when special monomers are used, the adhesive properties are limited and the application range is narrowed. Also, when various additives are used, there are contrivances and pot life to achieve uniformity during mixing. There was a problem that occurred.
[0006]
The present invention solves these problems, and can easily produce a water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive that can easily achieve both adhesion and cohesion, and can be applied to many applications by simply changing the composition of the monomer. It aims to provide a method.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies in order to achieve the above object, the inventors of the present invention dropwise added a means for emulsion polymerization of an acrylic monomer using a specific polymerization initiator and an emulsion of the same monomer as above. Thus, the present inventors have found that a water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive capable of easily achieving both adhesiveness and cohesive force can be obtained by properly combining the means for emulsion polymerization while achieving the present invention.
[0008]
That is, the first aspect of the present invention is a polymerization having a 10-hour half-life temperature of 70 ° C. or less of a monomer containing an alkyl group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester in a proportion of 50% by weight or more. First step of emulsion polymerization by batch charging using an initiator, a polymerization initiator is added to the polymerization system after this step, and 50 (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester having 1 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl group is added thereto. The present invention relates to a method for producing a water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive comprising a second step in which emulsion polymerization is carried out while dropping an aqueous emulsion of a monomer contained in a proportion of not less than wt% .
[0009]
The second aspect of the present invention is a polymerization having a 10-hour half-life temperature of 70 ° C. or less of a monomer containing an alkyl group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester in a proportion of 50% by weight or more. A first aqueous dispersion is obtained by emulsion polymerization by batch charging using an initiator. Separately, a polymerization initiator is added to water, and a (meth) acryl having 1 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl group is added thereto. A second aqueous dispersion is obtained by emulsion polymerization while dropping a monomer aqueous emulsion containing 50% by weight or more of an acid alkyl ester, and the first and second aqueous dispersions are mixed. This relates to a method for producing a water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive.
[0010]
[Configuration and operation of the invention]
The (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester used in the present invention is an alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid having 1 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and one or more are used. Specific examples include butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, isononyl acrylate, and isooctyl acrylate. These monomers are used as a main component in a proportion of 50% by weight or more of the total monomers. If the amount is less than this, it is difficult to obtain a water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive excellent in the adhesiveness and cohesive force of the present invention.
[0011]
As a monomer, you may use another monomer together with said main component as needed. For example, ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, and acrylic acid ε-caprolactone are used to improve adhesion. Also available are acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, styrene or derivatives thereof, vinyl pyrrolidone, acrylamide, N-methylol acrylamide, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide, morpholino acrylate, etc. .
[0012]
The amount of these other monomers is appropriately selected depending on the type of each monomer within the range of 50% by weight or less of the total monomers. For example, in the case of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid, it is preferable to use it in the range of 10% by weight or less of the total monomer so that the polymerization stability is not impaired. In order to develop good pressure-sensitive adhesive properties, it is desirable to determine the composition of the main component and other monomers so that the glass transition point of the obtained acrylic copolymer is usually 250 K or less.
[0013]
In the present invention, the above monomer, that is, a monomer mainly composed of (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester having 1 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, has a 10-hour half-life temperature of 70 ° C. or less. A first step of emulsion polymerization using a polymerization initiator, a second step of emulsion polymerization while adding a polymerization initiator in the polymerization system after this step and dropping a water emulsion of the same monomer as above, Dispersed acrylic pressure sensitive adhesive is manufactured.
[0014]
The polymerization initiator used in the first step has a 10-hour half-life temperature of 70 ° C. or lower, preferably 65 ° C. or lower. For example, 2,2-azobis [2-methyl-N- (phenylmethyl) -propionamidine ] Dihydrochloride, 2,2-azobis [2- (3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-2-yl) propane] dihydrochloride, 2,2-azobis [2- (2-imidazoline-2- Yl) propane] and other azo initiators, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyl peroxide, peroxide initiators such as t-butylperoxypivalate, persulfate and sodium bisulfite Redox initiators.
[0015]
By using such a specific polymerization initiator, it is possible to prevent an abrupt reaction during emulsion polymerization and facilitate reaction control, and to fully exhibit the effect of increasing the molecular weight that is characteristic of emulsion polymerization. . The amount of such a polymerization initiator used is not particularly limited, and is appropriately determined depending on the polymerization temperature. However, if used in a large amount, the reaction control becomes difficult and the molecular weight is lowered to reduce the cohesive force. Since it falls, it is not preferable. Preferably, the optimum amount of use may be determined in consideration of the polymerization temperature in the range of 0.001 to 0.2 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the monomer.
[0016]
In the first step, the above monomer is uniformly emulsified and dispersed in water using an emulsifier, and the above polymerization initiator is added thereto, followed by emulsion polymerization at a predetermined temperature. As the emulsifier, any nonionic or anionic emulsifier can be used, and generally it is used in the range of about 0.3 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the monomer. It is preferable to use a reactive emulsifier having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond as the emulsifier because good results are obtained in water resistance. The polymerization temperature is preferably a temperature at which the reaction can be easily controlled, specifically 30 to 60 ° C., and emulsion polymerization at such a temperature is preferable because a higher molecular weight can be obtained.
[0017]
In the second step, after the polymerization rate in the first step reaches 95% by weight or more, preferably 98% by weight or more, a polymerization initiator is further added to the polymerization system after the first step, and the first step is performed in advance. In this case, emulsion polymerization is carried out at a predetermined temperature while a water emulsion obtained by emulsifying and dispersing the same monomer as in the case of water is added dropwise. If the polymerization rate in the first step is less than 95% by weight and the process moves to the second step, it is difficult to achieve both adhesion and cohesion.
[0018]
The monomer composition in the second step is basically the same as that in the first step, but the adhesive properties may be improved by slightly changing the composition. For example, adhesion can be increased by increasing the amount of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid. Furthermore, the same polymerization initiator as that used in the first step may be used, but in order to quickly polymerize the dropped monomer, the amount used should be increased as much as possible, and the polymerization temperature should be as high as possible. desirable. Specifically, a persulfate such as ammonium persulfate or potassium persulfate is selected as the polymerization initiator, and the polymerization initiator is added at a ratio of about 0.01 to 0.5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the monomer. And emulsion polymerization may be performed at a temperature of 40 to 80 ° C.
[0019]
In the first step, the water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive obtained in this way produces a large amount of high molecular weight components because of polymerization in a state where monomers are present excessively, so-called radicals are insufficient. In particular, this contributes to an increase in cohesive force, while in the second step, the polymerization is performed while dropping the monomer water emulsion, so-called radical-excess polymerization, so that a low molecular weight component. This acts to supplement the adhesiveness, particularly rough surface adhesiveness, which tends to be a problem in the first step, and as a result, it is possible to successfully achieve both the adhesiveness, particularly rough surface adhesiveness, and cohesive force.
[0020]
In order to achieve such an effect, the weight ratio of the monomer used in the first step and the monomer used in the second step is preferably in the range of 20:80 to 80:20, more preferably It is good to set it as the range of 30: 70-70: 30. If too much monomer is used in the first step, the adhesiveness, particularly the rough surface adhesion, becomes low, and if too much monomer is used in the second step, the cohesive force is impaired, which is not preferable.
[0021]
In the present invention, the water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive may be produced by mixing emulsion polymerizations that are separately carried out without continuously performing the emulsion polymerization in the first and second steps. it can. That is, emulsion polymerization is carried out in the same manner as in the first step to obtain a first aqueous dispersion, and separately from this, emulsion polymerization is carried out in the same manner as in the second step, that is, a polymerization initiator is added to water. A second aqueous dispersion is obtained by emulsion polymerization while dropping a monomer aqueous emulsion into the mixture, and the first and second aqueous dispersions are mixed to obtain a water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive. Manufacturing.
[0022]
At that time, the mixing ratio of the first aqueous dispersion and the second aqueous dispersion is the weight of the monomer used for the first aqueous dispersion and the monomer used for the second aqueous dispersion. The ratio is preferably in the range of 20:80 to 80:20, more preferably in the range of 30:70 to 70:30. By mixing at such a ratio, coexistence of adhesiveness, particularly rough surface adhesiveness, and cohesive force can be achieved. The emulsion polymerization method for obtaining the first aqueous dispersion and the emulsion polymerization method for obtaining the second aqueous dispersion are in accordance with the first step and the second step, respectively.
[0023]
The water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive produced by the method of the present invention may optionally contain various additives such as tackifier resins, colorants, fillers, anti-aging agents and the like as necessary. Can do. Further, when a further increase in cohesive force is required, an external crosslinking agent may be added. The water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive of the present invention has a feature that even when an external cross-linking agent is added, the cohesive force can be improved without causing a significant decrease in adhesiveness.
[0024]
The water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive of the present invention is applied directly to one or both sides of any support such as a plastic film, paper, metal foil, or by drying, or applied onto a separator, After drying, the sheet can be transferred to one or both sides of the support to form an adhesive sheet such as a sheet or tape. In this case, the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is appropriately determined according to the purpose of use, but is usually about 5 to 150 μm.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, means for emulsion polymerization of an acrylic monomer using a specific polymerization initiator and means for emulsion polymerization while dropping an emulsion of the same monomer as described above are provided. By combining them well, it is possible to easily produce a water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive that can be applied to many applications by simply changing the composition of the monomers used in both the above means, and by combining the adhesive and cohesive force easily. be able to.
[0026]
【Example】
Next, in order to describe the present invention more specifically, examples and comparative examples are shown. The present invention is not limited to these examples. In the following, “part” means part by weight.
[0027]
Example 1
In a reactor equipped with a thermometer, stirrer, nitrogen inlet tube and reflux condenser, 70 parts of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 27 parts of ethyl acrylate, 3 parts of acrylic acid, 1 part of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 1 part of oxyethylene nonylphenyl ether (HLB: 14) and 150 parts of water were added, and the whole was uniformly emulsified while purging with nitrogen. The temperature was set at 50 ° C., 0.02 part of 2,2-azobis [2-methyl-N- (phenylmethyl) -propionamidine] dihydrochloride was added, and the emulsion was maintained at 50 ° C. for 8 hours to carry out emulsion polymerization. A first aqueous dispersion A was obtained. The polymerization rate was 99.4% by weight.
[0028]
Separately, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate 70 parts, ethyl acrylate 27 parts, acrylic acid 3 parts, dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid soda 1 part, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether (HLB: 14) 1 part Then, 70 parts of water was uniformly emulsified with a homomixer to prepare a water emulsion. Into the same reactor, 80 parts of water and 0.2 part of ammonium persulfate were added, dissolved uniformly, and set to 70 ° C. while purging with nitrogen. The monomer aqueous emulsion was added dropwise to the reactor over 3 hours, and after completion of the addition, the temperature was maintained at the above temperature for 2 hours to carry out emulsion polymerization to obtain a second aqueous dispersion B. The polymerization rate was 99.8% by weight.
[0029]
The first aqueous dispersion A and the second aqueous dispersion B thus obtained were mixed at a weight ratio of 50:50 to obtain a water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive. This pressure sensitive adhesive was applied on a 25 μm polyester film so that the thickness after drying was 50 μm, and dried at 100 ° C. for 3 minutes to prepare an adhesive tape.
[0030]
Example 2
After obtaining the first aqueous dispersion A of Example 1, that is, as the first step, after carrying out emulsion polymerization in exactly the same way as obtaining the first aqueous dispersion A, in the polymerization system As a second step, a solution in which 0.2 part of ammonium persulfate was dissolved in 10 parts of water was added, and the mixture was heated to 70 ° C. while purging with nitrogen. To this, 70 parts 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 27 parts ethyl acrylate, 3 parts acrylic acid, 1 part dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid soda, 1 part polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether (HLB: 14) and water An aqueous emulsion obtained by uniformly emulsifying 70 parts with a homomixer was added dropwise over 3 hours, and after completion of the dropwise addition, the emulsion was maintained at the same temperature for 2 hours to carry out emulsion polymerization. The polymerization rate at this time was 99.8% by weight. Using the obtained water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive, an adhesive tape was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0031]
Example 3
In the water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive obtained by the method of Example 2, 0.05 part of an epoxy-based cross-linking agent (trade name TEPIC manufactured by Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd.) per 100 parts of polymer solids is added to 1 part of water. A dissolved aqueous solution was blended to obtain a water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive containing a crosslinking agent. Using this water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive, an adhesive tape was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0032]
Comparative Example 1
The first aqueous dispersion A of Example 1 alone was used as a water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive. Using this water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive, an adhesive tape was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0033]
Comparative Example 2
The second aqueous dispersion B of Example 1 alone was used as a water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive. Using this water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive, an adhesive tape was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0034]
Example 4
In a reactor equipped with a thermometer, a stirrer, a nitrogen inlet tube and a reflux condenser, 80 parts of isononyl acrylate, 10 parts of ethyl acrylate, 5 parts of acrylonitrile, 5 parts of methacrylic acid, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether sulfate -3 parts of a reactive emulsifier in which a propenyl group was added to the phenyl group of the ammonium salt salt and 150 parts of water were added, and the whole was uniformly emulsified while purging with nitrogen. The temperature was set to 50 ° C., and the emulsion polymerization was carried out by maintaining the temperature at 50 ° C. for 8 hours using a redox initiator composed of 0.05 part of potassium persulfate and 0.05 part of sodium hydrogen sulfite. An aqueous dispersion C was obtained. The polymerization rate was 98.9% by weight.
[0035]
Separately, reactivity of adding propenyl group to phenyl group of 80 parts of isononyl acrylate, 10 parts of ethyl acrylate, 5 parts of acrylonitrile, 5 parts of methacrylic acid, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether sulfate ammonium salt 3 parts of emulsifier and 70 parts of water were uniformly emulsified with a homomixer to prepare a water emulsion. Into the same reactor, 80 parts of water and 0.2 part of ammonium persulfate were added, dissolved uniformly, and set to 70 ° C. while purging with nitrogen. The monomer aqueous emulsion was added dropwise to the reactor over 3 hours, and after completion of the addition, the temperature was maintained at the above temperature for 2 hours to carry out emulsion polymerization to obtain a second aqueous dispersion D. The polymerization rate was 99.4% by weight.
[0036]
The first aqueous dispersion C and the second aqueous dispersion D thus obtained were mixed at a weight ratio of 50:50 to obtain a water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive. Using this pressure-sensitive adhesive, an adhesive tape was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0037]
Example 5
After obtaining the first aqueous dispersion C of Example 4, that is, as the first step, after performing emulsion polymerization in exactly the same way as obtaining the first aqueous dispersion C, in the polymerization system As a second step, a solution in which 0.2 part of ammonium persulfate was dissolved in 10 parts of water was added, and the mixture was heated to 70 ° C. while purging with nitrogen. Reactive emulsifier 3 in which 80 parts of isononyl acrylate, 10 parts of ethyl acrylate, 5 parts of acrylonitrile, 5 parts of methacrylic acid, and a propenyl group are added to the phenyl group of polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether sulfate ammonium salt An aqueous emulsion obtained by uniformly emulsifying 70 parts of water and 70 parts of water with a homomixer was added dropwise over 3 hours. After completion of the dropwise addition, the mixture was maintained at the same temperature for 2 hours to carry out emulsion polymerization. The polymerization rate at this time was 99.5% by weight. Using the obtained water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive, an adhesive tape was produced in the same manner as in Example 1.
[0038]
With respect to the adhesive tapes of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 described above, the adhesive force, rough surface adhesive force and cohesive force were measured in the following manner. The results were as shown in Table 1 below.
[0039]
<Measurement of adhesive strength>
A test piece 20 mm x 100 mm in size was prepared from the adhesive tape, and this test piece was crimped to a stainless steel plate sanded with a # 280 sand paper by reciprocating once with a 2 kg roller. After 30 minutes, the force required for 180 ° peeling was measured at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 65% at a tensile speed of 300 mm / min.
[0040]
<Measurement of rough surface adhesion>
The rough surface adhesive force was measured in the same manner as in the case of measuring the adhesive force except that a # 100 sand paper was used.
[0041]
<Measurement of cohesive force>
Adhere the adhesive tape to the phenolic resin plate with an adhesive area of 10 mm x 20 mm, leave it at room temperature for 20 minutes, and then leave it at 80 ° C for 20 minutes, then lower the phenolic resin plate vertically and bond A load of 500 g was applied to the free end of the tape, and the time until the adhesive tape dropped was measured.
[0042]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003738465
[0043]
From the results of Table 1 above, both adhesive tapes of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were inferior in adhesive strength, particularly rough surface adhesive strength, or inferior in cohesive strength, whereas each adhesive in Examples 1 to 5 The tape is excellent in both adhesive strength, particularly rough surface adhesive strength and cohesive strength, and the crosslinked adhesive tape of Example 3 increases cohesive strength with almost no decrease in adhesive strength. Obviously, it can be improved.

Claims (2)

アルキル基の炭素数が1〜14の(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステルを50重量%以上の割合で含む単量体を10時間半減期温度が70℃以下の重合開始剤を用いて一括仕込みにて乳化重合する第1工程、この工程後の重合系内に重合開始剤を加えこれにアルキル基の炭素数が1〜14の(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステルを50重量%以上の割合で含む単量体の水乳化物を滴下しながら乳化重合する第2工程とからなる水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤の製造方法。By using a polymerization initiator having a 10-hour half-life temperature of 70 ° C. or less as a batch, a monomer containing an alkyl group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester in a proportion of 50% by weight or more. The first step of emulsion polymerization, a polymerization initiator is added to the polymerization system after this step, and a single amount containing a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester having 1 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl group in a proportion of 50% by weight or more A method for producing a water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive comprising a second step of emulsion polymerization while dropping a water emulsion of a body. 第1工程に用いた単量体と第2工程に用いた単量体との重量比が20:80〜80:20である請求項1に記載の水分散型アクリル系感圧性接着剤の製造方法。The production of the water-dispersed acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the monomer used in the first step and the monomer used in the second step is 20:80 to 80:20. Method.
JP15686095A 1995-05-30 1995-05-30 Method for producing water-dispersible acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive Expired - Lifetime JP3738465B2 (en)

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EP0971010A4 (en) 1997-03-27 2001-07-11 Toyo Ink Mfg Co Pressure-sensitive adhesive
JP2001031938A (en) * 1999-07-21 2001-02-06 Nippon Zeon Co Ltd Latex for re-peelable pressure-sensitive adhesive, re- peelable pressure-sensitive adhesive composition using same and material to be recorded using same
JP2007084781A (en) * 2005-02-28 2007-04-05 Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc Method for producing acrylic aqueous adhesive composition
JP2007217594A (en) * 2006-02-17 2007-08-30 Dainippon Ink & Chem Inc Acrylic water-based adhesive
JP5102538B2 (en) * 2007-05-21 2012-12-19 日東電工株式会社 Water-dispersed acrylic adhesive tape or sheet for transporting electronic components
JP2008274289A (en) * 2008-06-03 2008-11-13 Nitto Denko Corp Tacky adhesive sheet

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