JP3732670B2 - Stair sliding stalker - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement in a stair sliding stalker used in a waste incinerator for incinerating municipal waste, for example.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as this type of stair slide type stoker, for example, those described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 9-60851 and 9-210327 are known.
The former is basically a stair sliding stalker in which a fixed grate and a movable grate are alternately arranged in the front-rear direction, and each grate is attached to a fire bed frame. A grate body, an air passage formed from the rear side of the grate body to the lower front side, and detachably provided on the front side of the grate body so as to be slidable on the upper surface of the front grate body Formed in the grate body and communicated with the air passage formed between the front lower end of the grate body and the front upper end of the slide body. And an air outlet.
The latter is basically a stair sliding stalker in which a fixed grate and a movable grate are alternately arranged in the front-rear direction, and each grate is attached to a fire bed frame. A grate body, an air passage formed from the rear side of the grate body to the lower front side, a nozzle body detachably provided on the front side of the grate body, and formed in the nozzle body and communicated with the air passage A nozzle hole that is detachably provided on the nozzle body and is slidably engaged with the upper surface of the previous grate body, and a front lower end of the grate body and a front upper end of the slide body And an air outlet that is formed and communicates with an air passage through a nozzle hole.
Thus, in any case, the nozzle hole is a so-called throttle hole that causes pressure loss to uniformly supply combustion air from each grate into the waste incinerator, and can be arbitrarily changed by changing its size. The pressure loss can be obtained. Therefore, by changing the size, shape, number and arrangement of the nozzle holes, it is possible to supply combustion air in an arbitrary amount to an arbitrary position in the refuse incinerator.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the former, since the nozzle holes were formed in the grate body, the shape of the grate body was complicated and casting was very difficult, and the defect rate was high. In addition, since the draft resistance of the grate is determined by the cross-sectional area of the nozzle hole, in order to obtain an appropriate draft resistance for the amount of air that changes depending on the dust quality and combustion process, the shape, size, and quantity of the nozzle hole -It was necessary to make several types of grate with different arrangements, and each mold was required, which resulted in high production costs and complicated inventory management.
On the other hand, in the latter, since the nozzle hole is formed in the nozzle body that is detachably attached to the grate body, the former problem can be improved, but the number of parts increases by the amount of the nozzle body. Assembly / disassembly was complicated.
The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and was devised in order to solve this problem. The problem is that when producing a plurality of types of grate depending on the waste quality and the combustion process, The purpose of the present invention is to provide a stair sliding stoker that is simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost, and easy in assembly, disassembly, and inventory management.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The stair slide type stoker of the present invention is basically a stair slide type stoker in which a fixed grate and a movable grate are alternately arranged in the front-rear direction. A grate body attached to the frame, an air passage formed from the rear side of the grate body to the lower front side, and detachably provided on the front side of the grate body and slid on the upper surface of the front grate body A nozzle hole formed between a sliding body, which is movably engaged, and a grate body which is provided on the front side of the air passage and is adjacent to a grate body by a groove provided on a side portion of the grate body; A feature resides in that it is formed of an air outlet formed between the front lower end and the front upper end of the sliding body and communicating with the nozzle hole.
[0005]
When the movable grate is reciprocated in the front-rear direction with respect to the fixed grate, garbage is incinerated while being transferred from upstream to downstream of the fire bed. Combustion air is supplied to the air passage from the rear side of the grate body, and has a nozzle hole formed by a groove provided on a side portion of the grate body and a side surface of the grate body adjacent thereto. After passing and being squeezed by this, it is injected from the air outlet.
Since the nozzle hole is formed between adjacent grate bodies by providing grooves on the side of the grate body, it can be formed very easily. Accordingly, by arbitrarily setting the shape and cross-sectional area of the nozzle hole, the amount of air discharged from each grate can be set to the required amount of air depending on the dust quality and the position of the fire bed.
[0006]
The grate body may be attached to the fire bed frame by engaging means. In this way, the grate body is prevented from rising and falling, and thermal expansion and contraction are absorbed.
[0007]
The sliding body may be 1 to 5 times as long as the lateral width of the grate body. If it does in this way, self-weight will increase and the matching degree of a sliding body and a preceding grate body will increase, and the leakage of the combustion air will decrease.
[0008]
Each grate may be provided inclined by a predetermined front elevation angle. In this way, it is possible to increase the dust stirring effect and to make a stoker with good combustion efficiency.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a stair slide type stoker according to a first example of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view showing respective arrows of aa, bb, cc, dd, and ee of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a transverse plan view of FIG. 1 showing only the grate body. 4 is a longitudinal front view of FIG. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal front view showing the gist of the grate body. FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 showing the grate body after production.
[0010]
In the stair slide type stoker 1, a fixed grate 2 and a movable grate 3 are alternately arranged in the front-rear direction (trash feed direction, left-right direction in FIG. 1). The main part is composed of the lattice body 4, the air passage 5, the sliding body 6, the nozzle hole 7, and the air outlet 8.
[0011]
Each grate 2, 3 is mounted on a fire bed frame (grate mounting frame) 9 arranged in parallel in the front-rear direction, and the fire bed frame 9 for the movable grate 3 is an operating frame ( The operating frame is configured to be reciprocated in the front-rear direction by a reciprocating drive device (not shown) including a hydraulic cylinder and a link mechanism, and the operating frame is a reciprocating drive device. Therefore, the movable grate 3 is reciprocated in the front-rear direction with respect to the fixed grate 2, and the dust layer is burned while being stirred and transferred from the upstream side to the downstream side. Combustion air A is supplied into an ash removal hopper arranged below the fire bed, and is injected into a dust layer from an air outlet 8 formed at the front end of each grate 2, 3 to burn the dust. It is supposed to do.
[0012]
The grate body 4 is attached to the fire bed frame 9. In this example, the grate body 4 is detachably attached to the fire bed frame 9 by the engaging means 10, and has excellent heat resistance, wear resistance, and the like. It is made of special heat-resistant cast steel, special heat-resistant cast iron or the like, and has a rectangular upper wall 11, a thick front wall 12 connected to the front half of the rectangular upper wall 11, and left and right side walls 13 provided on both sides thereof. The lower part of the front wall 12 is formed to be open so that the lower part is opened so that the sliding body 6 is detachably fitted, and only the second half has a hollow shape with the lower part and the rear part opened. The front upper corner of the grate 4 is arcuate.
[0013]
The hooking means 10 allows the horizontal movement of the grate body 4 and prevents other movements. The ant 15 provided on the upper part of the firebed frame 9 is divided into left and right, and is adapted to this. The dovetail groove 16 is formed in the rear lower portion of the both side walls 13 of the grate body 4. Thus, the grate body 4 is slid in the lateral direction and fitted into the firebed frame 9 by the engaging means 10. Such a mounting structure prevents the grate 2 and 3 from being lifted and lowered, and absorbs thermal expansion and contraction. Of course, between the horizontal adjoining of the grate 2, 3 is placed so as to be tightened from both ends of the grate 2, 3 so that no gap is generated. If it does in this way, the grate 2 and 3 will be substantially fixed to the firebed frame 9, and it will not be necessary to apply the weight of the grate 2 and 3 to the sliding body 6. FIG. If the weights of the grate 2 and 3 are applied to the sliding body 6, the sliding body 6 will be worn heavily, and it will be necessary to replace it in a short time.
[0014]
The air passage 5 is formed from the rear side of the grate body 4 to the lower part of the front side. In this example, the air passage 5 is formed by the upper wall 11, the front wall 12, and both side walls 13, and the lower side and the rear side are opened. The hollow portion 17 and the nozzle hole 7 are formed.
[0015]
The sliding body 6 is detachably provided on the front side of the grate body 4 and is slidably engaged with the upper surface of the preceding grate body 4. In this example, the sliding body 6 includes a horizontal piece and a vertical piece. The cross section has a substantially convex shape, the front end of the horizontal piece extends to below the front end of the grate body 4, and the vertical piece is fitted in the recess 14 of the grate body 4.
The material of the sliding body 6 can reduce wear of the grate body 4 by using special heat-resistant cast steel or special heat-resistant cast iron that is slightly softer than the material of the grate body 4. In this case, the sliding body 6 can be replaced when a certain amount of wear has occurred.
[0016]
The nozzle hole 7 is formed between the adjacent grate body 4 by the groove 18 provided on the front side of the air passage 5 and provided on the side portion of the grate body 4, and in this example, the grate A groove which is cut in the front side portion of the body 4 so that the rear end communicates with the air passage 5 and the front end reaches the front lower surface of the grate body 4 and has a horizontal portion and a vertical portion and has a substantially L-shaped groove. 18 and a side surface of the grate body 4 adjacent to the side of the grate body 4 so as to close the side thereof, which is a so-called throttle hole formed on the front side of the air passage 5. A pressure loss (for example, 50 to 150 mmH ₂ O) is given. Therefore, an arbitrary pressure loss can be obtained by changing the size of the nozzle hole 7.
[0017]
The nozzle holes 7 are required to have different sizes so that the combustion air A can be supplied in an arbitrary amount to an arbitrary position in the refuse incinerator. For this reason, when the grate body 4 is manufactured, as shown in FIG. 5, the lateral width W ′ of the grate body 4 and the depth (horizontal width) w ′ of the groove 18 are made slightly larger, and as shown in FIG. Then, both side surfaces of the grate body 4 are cut so that the horizontal width of the grate body 4 becomes a required width W. For example, if the side surface with the groove 18 is cut thick and the side surface without the groove 18 is thinly cut to obtain a lateral width W, the depth of the groove 18 becomes as small as w ₁ , and the nozzle hole 7 becomes smaller and air Resistance increases and the amount of passing air can be reduced. Conversely, if the side surface with the groove 18 is cut thin and the side surface without the groove 18 is thickly cut to obtain a lateral width W, the depth of the groove 18 becomes greater than the depth w ₁ , such as w ₂ . The hole 7 is enlarged, the air resistance is reduced, and the passing air can be increased. As described above, the grate body 4 is casted in large quantities and placed in the same manner. When the processing is performed as described above, the horizontal widths w _1, w _{2 , etc.} of the grooves 8 are different with the same horizontal width W. Only a plurality of types of lattice bodies 4 can be manufactured. Accordingly, only one type of mold is required for the grate body 4 and the sliding body 6.
[0018]
The air outlet 8 is formed between the front lower end of the grate body 4 and the front upper end of the sliding body 6 and communicates with the nozzle hole 7. In this example, the air outlet 8 is a slit-like gap and is adjacent. It is located above the upper surface of the grate body 4 on the front side (downstream side) by the front side height of the horizontal piece of the sliding body 6.
[0019]
Next, the operation will be described based on such a configuration.
When the reciprocating drive device is actuated to move the operating frame in the front-rear direction, the movable grate 3 is reciprocated with respect to the fixed grate 2, and waste is incinerated while being transferred from upstream to downstream of the fire bed. Combustion air A is supplied to the air passage 5 from the rear side of the grate body 4 through the inside of the ash removal hopper, is squeezed by the nozzle hole 7 and has a pressure loss, and is then ejected from the air outlet 8. The As a result, the amount of air discharged from the grate 2 and 3 can be made equal, and a uniform air distribution can always be obtained regardless of the dust layer on the fire bed. Further, by arbitrarily selecting the size of the nozzle hole 7 and the like, it is possible to supply an arbitrary amount of air to an arbitrary position in the incinerator.
Since the size of the groove 18 can be changed and the size of the nozzle hole 7 can be arbitrarily manufactured when processing the grate body manufactured in common, the cast component is a fire as a compatible common component. Only two types in total, one type of lattice body 4 and one type of sliding body 6 as a compatible common component, are required. Therefore, the grate body 4 and the sliding body 6 can be produced in large quantities as a common part, and the productivity and inventory management can be improved, and the assembly and disassembly of the grate 2 and 3 are also easy. And it can be made easy.
[0020]
The grate body 4 is formed with the air passage 5 and the nozzle hole 7, so that the upper wall 11 and the front wall 12 are cooled by the combustion air A passing therethrough and radiant heat from the dust layer is received. Burnout is prevented.
Since the sliding body 6 is detachably provided on the grate body 4 and is always slidably engaged with the upper surface of the preceding grate body 4, the combustion air A passing through the air passage 5 comes from here. While not leaking, the incineration ash B on the grate body 4 can be pushed forward.
Since the air outlet 8 is formed between the front lower end of the grate body 4 and the front upper end of the sliding body 6 and is positioned upward by the front side height of the sliding body 6, It is hard to be blocked by the incineration ash B. Even if the incineration ash B enters from the air outlet 8, it can be blown into the dust layer by the combustion air A from the air passage 5.
[0021]
Next, a second example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In the second example, the width of the sliding body 6 is set to a length L that is 1 to 5 times (integer multiple) (3 times in this example) the lateral width W of the grate body 4, and depending on its own weight, The upper surface is slidably fitted. If it does in this way, the dead weight of the sliding body 6 will increase, the matching degree of this and the front grate body 4 will increase, and the leakage of the combustion air A will decrease. As the length L becomes longer, the above becomes more remarkable.
[0022]
Next, a third example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The third example is that the arc at the front upper corner of the grate body is enlarged, the shape of the dovetail groove 16 of the engaging means 10 is changed, and the shoulder of the horizontal piece of the sliding body 6 is inclined to the shoulder shape with a scissors. This is different from the first example. Such a thing can also have the same effect as the first example.
[0023]
Next, a fourth example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In the fourth example, the grate 2 and 3 of the stair sliding type stoker 1 is installed horizontally. In this case, the entire stair sliding stoker 1 is inclined forward and downward from the relationship between the height and length of the grate 2 and 3. Therefore, the waste incinerator 30 using such a stair sliding type stoker 1 has a high furnace height H.
[0024]
Next, a fifth example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In the fifth example, the grate 2 and 3 of the stair slide type stoker 1 is installed with an inclination of a predetermined forward elevation angle θ. In this case, the whole stair slide type stoker 1 can also be made horizontal. Therefore, the waste incinerator 30 using such a stair sliding type stoker 1 can lower the furnace height H, and the effect of feeding and lifting the waste is enhanced, thereby improving the stirring action of the waste. For this reason, it is possible to efficiently burn even low-calorie waste. The forward elevation angle θ is, for example, 50 ° beyond horizontal, preferably 10 ° to 40 °, and particularly preferably 20 ° to 30 °. If it is smaller than this range, the dust stirring effect tends to be poor, whereas if it is larger, the dust transport efficiency tends to be poor.
[0025]
In the previous example, the front upper corner portion of the grate body 4 has an arc shape. However, the grate body 4 is not limited thereto, and may have corners, for example.
In the previous example, the front end of the nozzle hole 7 communicated with the air outlet 8 as it is. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the front end portion is gradually widened so as to have the lateral width W ″ of the grate 4 so-called. It may be a trumpet shape.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.
(1) Each grate is composed of a grate body, an air passage, a sliding body, a nozzle hole, and an air outlet, and in particular, a grate is provided on the side of the grate body and adjacent to the grate body. Nozzle holes are formed between the two, so that when manufacturing multiple types of grate depending on the waste quality and combustion process, the structure is simple and the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and assembly and disassembly are also possible.・ Inventory management can be facilitated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a stair slide type stoker according to a first example of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing respective arrows of aa, bb, cc, dd, and ee in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view of FIG. 1 showing only the grate body.
4 is a longitudinal front view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal front view showing a grate production procedure.
6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 showing the grate body after production.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a grate according to a second example of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal side view showing a grate according to a third example of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a waste incinerator according to a fourth example of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a waste incinerator according to a fifth example of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Stair-sliding stoker, 2 ... Fixed grate, 3 ... Movable grate, 4 ... Grate body, 5 ... Air passage, 6 ... Sliding body, 7 ... Nozzle hole, 8 ... Air outlet, 9 ... Fire Floor frame, 10 ... engaging means, 11 ... upper wall, 12 ... front wall, 13 ... side wall, 14 ... recess, 15 ... ant, 16 ... ant groove, 17 ... hollow part, 18 ... groove, 30 ... waste incinerator, A: Combustion air, B: Incinerated ash, W, W ′: Horizontal width, w ′, w _1, w ₂ ... Depth, H: Furnace height, θ: Front elevation angle.

Claims (4)

In a stair sliding stalker in which a fixed grate and a movable grate are alternately arranged in the front-rear direction, each grate is connected to a grate body attached to a fire bed frame, and a rear of the grate body. An air passage formed from the side to the front lower portion, a sliding body detachably provided on the front side of the grate body and slidably engaged with the upper surface of the front grate body, and the front side of the air passage Is formed between a nozzle hole formed between adjacent grate bodies by a groove provided in a side portion of the grate body, and a front lower end of the grate body and a front upper end of the sliding body. A stair-sliding stoker characterized by comprising an air outlet communicating with the nozzle hole. The stair-sliding stalker according to claim 1, wherein the grate body is attached to the fire bed frame by engaging means. The stair sliding stalker according to claim 1, wherein the sliding body is 1 to 5 times as long as the lateral width of the grate body. The stair sliding stalker according to claim 1, wherein each grate is inclined by a predetermined forward elevation angle.

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