JP3727912B2 - Integral skin panel manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an integral skin panel in which an outer plate used for a transport device such as an aircraft, a vehicle, or a ship or a structure such as a building is reinforced with a reinforcing material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), the main wing of the current aircraft has a rivet 3 and a plurality of longitudinal members 2 (hereinafter referred to as stringers 2) extending long in the wing length direction with the outer plate 1. Are roughly divided into a build-up skin panel and an integral skin panel in which the stringer 2 and the outer plate 1 are integrally cut from a thick plate.
[0003]
In the case of the build-up skin panel, the rivet joining work and the sealing work for ensuring the liquid-tightness (because the main wing of the aircraft is often used for the fuel tank) raises the manufacturing cost.
On the other hand, unlike the build-up skin panel, the integral skin panel does not require a rivet coupling work or a sealing work for ensuring liquid tightness as a fuel tank. Furthermore, there is no strength reduction due to the rivet holes, and since it is integrated with each stringer 2, it is difficult for buckling to occur due to a compressive load.
[0004]
As a conventional manufacturing method of this integral skin panel, for example, the following Patent Document 1 discloses a manufacturing method in which the extruded molds on which stringers are formed in advance are brought into contact with each other and joined by friction stir welding. (Hereinafter referred to as the first conventional example).
Further, the following cited document 2 discloses a manufacturing method in which an outer plate and a stringer are separately manufactured and then bonded by friction stir welding (hereinafter referred to as a second conventional example).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application No. 11-223783 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Application No. 9-206202 [0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the said 1st prior art example, since an extrusion die material is used, it has the problem that material cost (unit price) is high compared with the case where a plate material is used. In addition, since the thickness of the joint portion is different from that of other portions, there is a problem that the surface of the joint surface must be finished by machining. In addition, since the outer plate and the stringer are integrated, there is a problem that these materials must be made the same. That is, the outer plate needs to have excellent characteristics for fatigue strength and crack extension suppression, and the stringer needs to have excellent characteristics for compressive strength. However, since the materials of the outer plate and the stringer are the same, it is not possible to have the freedom to select the optimum material and crystal direction for the required strength characteristics.
[0007]
In the second conventional example, since the outer plate and the stringer are separated from each other, these materials can be made different from each other according to their characteristics. However, an unstable stringer having an L-shaped cross section is used as the outer plate. In order to fix it stably, a complicated jig is required. Providing the same number of such complex jigs as many stringers has the problem that the manufacturing cost of the jigs is high and another problem that it takes time to attach the jigs and stringers to the outer plate with high accuracy. Will be invited.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, can cope with the strength characteristics required for the outer plate and the reinforcing material, and does not require time and effort such as accurate adjustment of the position of the reinforcing material with respect to the outer plate. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an integral skin panel.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
That is, the manufacturing method of the integral skin panel according to claim 1 is the manufacturing method of the integral skin panel in which the reinforcing material is integrally provided along the outer plate, and the reinforcing material with respect to the material of the outer plate. A joining step of friction stir welding at the location where the reinforcing material is disposed, and a cutting step of scraping off the reinforcing material, between the interfaces where the outer plate material and the reinforcing material are overlapped It is characterized by having.
According to the method for manufacturing an integral skin panel according to claim 1, since the processing of the reinforcing material is performed after the material is joined, the relative position adjustment when the reinforcing material is overlapped with the material of the outer plate is adjusted. In addition, high accuracy is not required.
Further, as the material for the outer plate and the material for the reinforcing material, it is possible to select the most suitable material according to the design requirements. Even when the same material is used as these materials, the crystal directions can be different from each other.
[0010]
The integral skin panel manufacturing method according to claim 2 is the integral skin panel manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein different aluminum alloys are used as the material of the outer plate and the material of the reinforcing material. It is characterized by.
According to the method for manufacturing an integral skin panel according to the second aspect, it is possible to select an optimum material according to design requirements as the material of the outer plate and the material of the reinforcing material.
[0011]
The method for producing an integral skin panel according to claim 3 uses the same aluminum alloy as the material for the outer plate and the material for the reinforcing material in the method for producing an integral skin panel according to claim 1, In the joining step, the material of the outer plate and the material of the reinforcing material are joined so that their crystal directions are different from each other. According to the method for manufacturing an integral skin panel according to the third aspect, since the load direction acting on the outer plate and the reinforcing material is different, each of the outer skin and the reinforcing material is arranged in an optimum direction to support the load acting on them. It can join by adjusting the crystal direction (direction perpendicular to rolling).
[0012]
The integral skin panel manufacturing method according to claim 4 is the integral skin panel manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of the reinforcing materials are provided and the bonding is performed. In the process, as the material of the reinforcing material, a material separated in advance for each reinforcing material is used.
According to the method for manufacturing an integral skin panel according to claim 4, compared with a case where the reinforcing material is integrated, the portion between the reinforcing materials is not wasted among the reinforcing material. That's it.
[0013]
The method for manufacturing an integral skin panel according to claim 5 is the method for manufacturing an integral skin panel according to claim 4, wherein the reinforcing skin is viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing material, and after the joining step. A joint width dimension between the outer plate and the reinforcing material is A, a contact width dimension between the outer plate and the reinforcing material before the cutting process is B, and a width dimension of the reinforcing material after the cutting process is C. In this case, B ≧ A> C.
According to the method for manufacturing an integral skin panel according to claim 5, the outer plate is supported at a material stage that is thicker than the thickness of the reinforcing material after processing. The fixing of the reinforcing material can be ensured.
[0014]
The integral skin panel manufacturing method according to claim 6 is the integral skin panel manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the integral skin panel after the cutting step is heat treated. The method further includes a heat treatment step.
According to the method for manufacturing an integral skin panel according to the sixth aspect, the corrosion resistance of the integral skin panel can be improved.
[0015]
The integral skin panel manufacturing method according to claim 7 is the integral skin panel manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the joining step and the cutting step are performed in the same machine. It is characterized by being performed on a processing surface plate.
According to the method for manufacturing an integral skin panel according to claim 7, in manufacturing the integral skin panel, no setup change is required in the manufacturing, and not only the manufacturing efficiency is improved, but also the bonding position is accurately set. Since it can be grasped, deviation during machining can be prevented.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Each embodiment of the method for producing an integral skin panel of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is of course not limited to these embodiments.
First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In the manufacturing method of this embodiment, an integral skin panel is manufactured through a joining process, a cutting process, and a heat treatment process. In the present embodiment, the case where different aluminum alloys are used as the outer plate and stringer material (reinforcing material) constituting the integral skin panel will be described as an example.
[0017]
In the joining step, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), on the surface of a stringer material having a flat plate shape (hereinafter referred to as stringer material 11), an outer plate material having the same flat plate shape (hereinafter referred to as outer plate material 12). Overlay and fix the surface of the without gap.
And after marking to the arrangement | positioning location of a stringer from the outer-plate raw material 12 side, between these stringer materials 11 and the outer-plate raw material 12 is friction stir welding in each marking position. The code | symbol 13 shown in the figure has shown the junction location.
[0018]
In the subsequent cutting step, each stringer 14 (reinforcing material) is cut out along the broken lines in FIG. At this time, the finishing of the inner surface of the outer plate 15 and the corner finishing of each joint portion 13 between the outer plate 15 and each stringer 14 are simultaneously performed. FIG. 1C shows the state after the cutting process in this way.
Note that the joining process and the cutting process are performed on the same machined surface plate, so that it is easy to ensure dimensional accuracy, and it is possible to save the trouble of setup change.
In the subsequent heat treatment step, by applying heat treatment in the state shown in FIG. 1C, the corrosion resistance is improved and the integral skin panel 10 is completed.
[0019]
According to the manufacturing method of the integral skin panel described above, the cutting process of each stringer 14 is performed after the stringer material 11 is joined. Therefore, in comparison with the conventional method of joining and fixing each stringer in advance, It is possible to save troubles such as accurate adjustment of the position of each stringer 14 with respect to the outer plate 15.
In addition, since the outer plate material 12 and the stringer material 11 are manufactured in a separated state, it is possible to meet both the strength requirement required for the outer plate 15 and the strength requirement required for each stringer 14. . That is, as the outer plate material 12, for example, an aluminum alloy of No. 2024 or No. 6013 is used as a material having excellent fatigue strength and crack extension suppression, and a stringer has excellent characteristics of compressive strength. For example, a 7000 series aluminum alloy can be used.
[0020]
Subsequently, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. Also in the manufacturing method of the present embodiment, an integral skin panel is manufactured through a joining process, a cutting process, and a heat treatment process, as in the first embodiment, and differs from the first embodiment. The explanation will be focused on. The other parts are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment and description thereof is omitted.
[0021]
In the manufacturing method of the present embodiment, one of the features is that, in the joining step, a stringer material 16 having a square material shape separated in advance for each stringer 14 to be formed is used instead of the single stringer material 11. It has become. According to this manufacturing method, the stringer material can be saved as compared with the first embodiment, and the manufacturing cost of the integral skin panel 10 can be reduced.
[0022]
Further, in the manufacturing method of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3A, the outer plate material 12 and each stringer material 16 are placed in the ST direction (Short Transverse direction, rolling orthogonal direction, or crystal direction). Another feature is that they are joined in a different manner. According to this manufacturing method, since the acting load directions are different between the outer plate 15 and each stringer 14, the respective crystal directions (directions perpendicular to the rolling direction) are adjusted to the optimum directions for supporting the loads acting on them. And can be joined. Therefore, the outer plate 15 and each stringer 14 can reliably and effectively support the load acting on each.
[0023]
In the second embodiment, the stringer materials 16 are separated from each other. However, for example, by adopting the dimensions as shown in FIG. Is unnecessary.
That is, as shown in the figure, when viewed in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the stringer 14, the outer width of the outer plate 15 and the stringers 14 after the joining step is A, and the outer width before the cutting step is A. When the contact width dimension between the plate and the stringer is B and the width dimension of the stringer after the cutting step is C, B ≧ A> C. According to this manufacturing method, since the outer plate material 12 is supported at the material stage of the thickness B that is thicker than the thickness C of each stringer 14 after processing, Each stringer material 16 can be securely fixed. Therefore, a complicated jig for supporting each stringer material 16 is not required, and the manufacturing cost can be further reduced.
[0024]
Further, the unbonded portion 17 on the slit shown in FIG. 6 formed between each stringer 14 and the outer plate 15 is formed in the stringer by making the wall thickness dimension C of each stringer 14 after processing smaller than the bonding width A. To prevent unjoined parts from remaining on the surface and to improve fatigue strength.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
The manufacturing method of the integral skin panel according to claim 1 of the present invention employs a method in which the reinforcing material is overlapped with the outer plate material and friction stir welding is performed, and then the reinforcing material is cut out. According to this method, since the reinforcing material is fixed after fixing the reinforcing material, the position of the reinforcing material relative to the outer plate is more accurate than when the reinforcing material is processed and bonded and fixed in advance. It is possible to save the trouble of adjustment.
In addition, since the outer plate material and the reinforcing material are manufactured separately, it is possible to meet both the strength requirement required for the outer plate and the strength requirement required for the reinforcing material.
[0026]
Further, the integral skin panel manufacturing method according to claim 2 employs a method in which different aluminum alloys are used as the material of the outer plate and the material of the reinforcing material. According to this method, it is possible to reliably meet both the strength requirement required for the outer plate and the strength requirement required for the reinforcing material.
[0027]
In addition, the manufacturing method of the integral skin panel according to claim 3 employs a method in which the same aluminum alloy is used as a material for the outer plate and the reinforcing material, and in the bonding process, these crystal directions are different from each other. did. According to this method, it is possible to reliably and effectively support loads acting on the outer plate and the reinforcing material.
[0028]
Moreover, the manufacturing method of the integral skin panel of Claim 4 employ | adopted the method of using the raw material isolate | separated beforehand for every reinforcement material as a reinforcement material in a joining process. According to this method, since the material for the reinforcing material can be saved, the manufacturing cost of the integral skin panel can be reduced.
[0029]
Moreover, the manufacturing method of the integral skin panel of Claim 5 makes the joining width dimension between the outer plate and the reinforcing material after the joining step A, and the contact width size between the outer plate and the reinforcing member before the cutting step. A method of B ≧ A> C was adopted, where B was B and the width of the reinforcing material after the cutting process was C. According to this method, it is possible to securely fix the material of each reinforcing material to the outer plate at the time of joining, so that a complicated jig for supporting each reinforcing material is not required, and the manufacturing cost can be further reduced. It becomes. In addition, the occurrence of defects can be prevented, leading to improved quality of the joint.
[0030]
The integral skin panel manufacturing method according to claim 6 employs a method of heat-treating the integral skin panel after the cutting process. According to this method, the corrosion resistance of the integral skin panel can be improved.
[0031]
The integral skin panel manufacturing method according to claim 7 is the integral skin panel manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the joining step and the cutting step are the same machining process. I decided to do it on the board. According to this method, when manufacturing an integral skin panel, there is no need for setup change in manufacturing, and not only the manufacturing efficiency is improved, but also the joining position can be accurately grasped, thereby preventing deviation during machining. be able to.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a first embodiment of an integral skin panel manufacturing method according to the present invention, in which FIG. (B) and (c) show the cutting after joining.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a part of the manufacturing process of the integral skin panel, and shows a part A of FIG. 1 (b).
FIG. 3 is a view for explaining a second embodiment of the method for manufacturing an integral skin panel of the present invention, wherein (a) shows a state in which a stringer material is overlapped with an outer plate material and agitated and friction bonded. , (B) and (c) show the cutting after joining.
FIG. 4 is a view showing a part of the manufacturing process of the integral skin panel, and shows a part B in FIG. 3 (b).
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the middle of the manufacturing process of the integral skin panel, and shows a joint portion between an unexpected plate material and a stringer material.
FIG. 6 is a view showing a state where the integral skin panel is still joined, and shows a joint portion between the outer plate and the stringer.
7A and 7B are diagrams for explaining the structure of a general main wing outer plate, in which FIG. 7A shows a build-up skin, and FIG. 7B shows an integral skin.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 ... Integral skin panel 11,16 ... Stringer material (reinforcement material)
12 ... Material of outer plate 14 ... Stringer (reinforcing material)
15 ... outer plate

Claims (7)

In the manufacturing method of the integral skin panel in which the reinforcing material is integrally provided along the outer plate,
A joining step in which the material of the reinforcing material is overlapped with the material of the outer plate and friction stir welding is performed between the interfaces of the material of the outer plate and the material of the reinforcing material at the place where the reinforcing material is disposed. When,
A method for manufacturing an integral skin panel, comprising: a cutting step of cutting out the reinforcing material. In the manufacturing method of the integral skin panel of Claim 1,
A method for manufacturing an integral skin panel, wherein different aluminum alloys are used as a material for the outer plate and a material for the reinforcing material. In the manufacturing method of the integral skin panel of Claim 1,
Using the same aluminum alloy as the material of the outer plate and the material of the reinforcing material,
A method of manufacturing an integral skin panel, characterized in that, in the joining step, the material of the outer plate and the material of the reinforcing material are joined so that the crystal directions thereof are different from each other. In the manufacturing method of the integral skin panel of any one of Claims 1-3,
A method for manufacturing an integral skin panel , wherein a plurality of the reinforcing materials are provided, and a material separated in advance for each reinforcing material is used as the reinforcing material in the joining step. In the manufacturing method of the integral skin panel of Claim 4,
Seen in a cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing material, the bonding width dimension between the outer plate and the reinforcing material after the joining step is A, and the contact between the outer plate and the reinforcing material before the cutting step. A manufacturing method of an integral skin panel, wherein B ≧ A> C, where B is B and C is a width of the reinforcing material after the cutting step. In the manufacturing method of the integral skin panel of any one of Claims 1-5,
The method of manufacturing an integral skin panel, further comprising a heat treatment step of heat treating the integral skin panel after the cutting step. In the manufacturing method of the integral skin panel of any one of Claims 1-6,
The manufacturing method of the integral skin panel characterized by performing the said joining process and the said cutting process on the same machined surface plate.

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