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JP3712036B2 - Salt water desalination equipment - Google Patents

Salt water desalination equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3712036B2
JP3712036B2 JP13859199A JP13859199A JP3712036B2 JP 3712036 B2 JP3712036 B2 JP 3712036B2 JP 13859199 A JP13859199 A JP 13859199A JP 13859199 A JP13859199 A JP 13859199A JP 3712036 B2 JP3712036 B2 JP 3712036B2
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Prior art keywords
salt water
heat collector
solar heat
gas
pipe
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JP2000325941A (en
JP2000325941A5 (en
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上 修 行 井
丸 徹 徳
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Ebara Corp
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Ebara Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

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  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、塩水淡水化装置に係り、特に、太陽熱によって、海水等から淡水を得る塩水淡水化装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、海水等の塩分を含んだ水を加熱し、水分を蒸発させ、その水蒸気を凝縮させることで、塩分を含まない水である淡水を得る塩水淡水化装置はよく知られた装置である。該装置は、通常、発生した蒸気を用いて、低圧部の塩水を順次加熱蒸発させる、所謂、多重効用とすることが多い。
前記塩水淡水化装置に用いる電気としては、真空発生装置（真空ポンプ、又は水ジェットポンプ）、濃塩水排出ポンプ及び淡水取出ポンプ等のモーターや、切替弁駆動モーターなどの小容量モーター類の駆動用電源と制御用電源とが必要であり、使用する電力量が多くなるという問題点があった。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記従来技術に鑑み、消費電力を極端に減らし、太陽電池単独、あるいは太陽電池と蓄電池とで駆動し、外部電力を不要とする太陽熱利用の塩水淡水化装置を提供することを課題とする。
【０００４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、本発明では、塩水タンク、太陽熱集熱器、気液分離器、蒸発濃縮器、凝縮器を主要構成機器として、これらを塩水経路及び水・蒸気経路で接続し、太陽熱集熱器からの熱を熱源として、塩水を加熱蒸発させて淡水を作る多重効用型塩水淡水化装置において、前記太陽熱集熱器と前記気液分離器とで蒸発濃縮器を構成し、該太陽熱集熱器の上部と該気液分離器の上部とを配管で連結し、該太陽熱集熱器の下部と該気液分離器の下部とを配管で連結し、該太陽熱集熱器の下部と気液分離器下部とを結ぶ前記配管と、前記塩水タンクとを配管で連結し、前記太陽熱集熱器の上部と、前記塩水タンクを配管で連結し、該塩水タンク内に凝縮器を設けたことを特徴とする多重効用型塩水淡水化装置としたものである。
また、本発明では、塩水タンク、太陽熱集熱器、気液分離器、蒸発濃縮器、凝縮器を主要構成機器として、これらを塩水経路及び水・蒸気経路で接続し、太陽熱集熱器からの熱を熱源として、塩水を加熱蒸発させて淡水を作る多重効用型塩水淡水化装置において、前記太陽熱集熱器と気液分離器とで第１段目の蒸発濃縮器を構成し、該太陽熱集熱器は、水平面から傾斜させて設置され、その上部と気液分離器の上部空間とを配管で結び、その下部と気液分離器の下部とを配管で連結し、また、該太陽熱集熱器下部と気液分離器下部とを結ぶ配管と、前記塩水タンクの下部とを配管で連結し、前記太陽熱集熱器の上部と、塩水タンクの液を有する上部位置とを配管で連結し、該塩水タンクには、レベルスイッチを設け、塩水液面を所定のレベルに保つ制御手段を有すると共に、該塩水タンク内に凝縮器用熱交換器を設けることとしたものである。
【０００５】
前記多重効用型塩水淡水化装置において、太陽熱集熱器の上部と、気液分離器又は塩水タンク上部とを結ぶ配管、及び太陽熱集熱器下部と、塩水タンク又は気液分離器下部とを結ぶ配管には、それぞれ弁を設け、選択的に液を連通させるようにすることができる。
また、前記塩水タンクの液面を所定のレベルに保つ制御手段は、外部からの塩水供給を制御して行うことができ、太陽熱集熱器の上部と塩水タンクとを連結する配管の該塩水タンクの上部位置は、前記の所定の液面レベルよりは下である。
【０００６】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明は、蓄熱タンク内の蓄熱剤として塩水を用い、該タンク内に塩水淡水化装置の凝縮器用熱交換器を設け、夜間に天空放射により集熱器を冷却させ、集熱器と蓄熱タンクとを結んで、塩水を循環させて、蓄熱タンク内の塩水を冷却することに特徴を有する。
次に、図面を用いて、本発明を詳細に説明する。
図１〜４は、本発明の塩水淡水化装置のフロー構成図を示し、図１は淡水化運転、図２は夜間冷却運転、図３及び図４は塩水淡水化装置の別の構成を示すフロー構成図である。
図において、１は塩水タンク、２Ａ、２Ｂ、２Ｃは予熱器、３は太陽熱集熱器、４は気液分離器、５、６、７は蒸発濃縮器、８は濃塩水タンク、９は凝縮器、１０は淡水タンク、１１は液面センサーを示す。
【０００７】
まず、図１を用いて塩水淡水化運転を説明する。
図１は、四重効用として示しており、外部からの塩水ａを塩水タンク１に管２１から入れ、凝縮器９の冷却に利用する。塩水タンク１の塩水ａは、大気圧と塩水淡水化装置の内圧の差により、管２２を通り装置内に吸入されて行く。予熱器２Ａ、２Ｂ、２Ｃで各蒸発濃縮器７、６、５からの蒸気で加熱された後、第１段目の蒸発濃縮器としての太陽熱集熱器３に入る。
集熱器３で加熱され、沸騰しながら集熱器出口にある気液分離器４に入る。発生した蒸気は管３１を通り、第２段目の蒸発濃縮器５の熱交換器に入り、熱交換器外側の塩水を加熱し、一部液化し、予熱器２Ｃに入り、供給塩水を加熱して液化し、下段の予熱器２Ｂに入る。一方、第１段目で濃縮された塩水は、管２６から第２段目の蒸発濃縮器５に入り、前述の管３１からの発生蒸気で加熱され、蒸発濃縮される。
【０００８】
第２段目の蒸発濃縮器５で発生した蒸気は、管３２から第３段目の蒸発濃縮器６の熱交換器に入り、また第３段目の蒸発濃縮器６で発生した蒸気は、管３３から第４段目の蒸発濃縮器７の熱交換器に入って同様の蒸発濃縮を行う。また第２段目で濃縮された塩水は、管２７から第３段目の蒸発濃縮器６に入り、第３段目で濃縮された塩水は、管２８から第４段目の蒸発濃縮器７に入り、蒸発濃縮され、管２９から濃塩水タンク８に入る。濃塩水ｂは液面センサー等の信号を基にポンプ１９により断続的に排出される。
第４段目の蒸発濃縮器７で発生した蒸気は、管３４から凝縮器９に入り、冷却されて液化し、一方、第４段目の蒸発濃縮器を加熱した蒸気は、管３３から予熱器２Ａに入り、液化し、管３５から凝縮器９に入り、管３６より淡水タンク１０に貯えられ、貯えられた水ｃは、液面センサー等の信号を基に、ポンプ２０により断続的に排出される。
【０００９】
塩水ａ中に含まれていた溶存気体は、蒸発濃縮器で放出され、蒸気系を通して、最終的には、凝縮器９に集まってくる。凝縮器９から、真空装置３７にてこの気体を排出する。
塩水タンク１内の塩水ａは、凝縮器９を冷却し、自らは加熱されて、上昇流となって、自然対流を起こす。凝縮器９はこのため、塩水タンク１内の下部に設けるのが好ましい。太陽熱が確保できる間は、淡水化運転が可能であり、この間、凝縮熱が塩水タンクに放出される。塩水タンク容量はこの温度上昇を考慮して決める。なお、淡水化運転中であっても、塩水タンク１は外側から外気で冷却されている。しかし、凝縮熱の方が多いので温度は上昇する。
このような塩水淡水化運転においては、弁１３が閉、弁１２、１４が開となり、弁１５〜１８は制御されている。
【００１０】
このように太陽熱集熱器で、塩水ａは加熱され、一部蒸気となって、気液分離器４に入る。蒸気は、塩水淡水化装置の第２段目の蒸発濃縮器５の熱交換器に入る。分離された塩水の一部は、第２段目の蒸発濃縮器５に行き、残りは太陽熱集熱器３の下部に導かれ、予熱器２Ｃからの塩水とともに集熱器３に入る。
集熱器３での蒸気発生が気泡ポンプの役目をし、気液分離器４からの塩水は自然循環が可能である。
なお、破線で示したように、循環ポンプ３８を用い、強制循環も当然可能であり、この場合、ポンプは太陽電池で駆動するのも良い。
【００１１】
図２は、塩水タンクを冷却する夜間冷却運転を示す。
太陽熱による塩水淡水化で、塩水タンク１内の塩水は温度上昇している。
夜間は、気液分離器４を弁１２、１４で仕切り、集熱器３と塩水タンク１との間に塩水の循環経路を設ける。塩水タンク１上部の塩水が管２５から弁１３を通って集熱器３上部に入り、集熱器３で夜間の冷気及び天空放射により冷却され、集熱器３内を下降し、管２３、弁１５、管２２を通り、塩水タンク１下部に入る。循環は、温度差による自然循環が可能である。
この夜間運転では、弁１３と１５は全開で、弁１２、１４、１６、１７、１８は閉である。
【００１２】
図３は、本発明の塩水淡水化装置の別の構成を示すフロー構成図であり、図３では、塩水タンク１の上部空間部に真空装置３７の配管が接続されると共に、この空間部と太陽熱集熱器３の上部とを配管３０で結んでいる。
図３では、塩水タンク１を減圧して、塩水から溶存気体を放出させる。この場合、塩水タンク１の圧力によっては、塩水ａを淡水化装置に供給するのにポンプ３９が必要になる。
夜間冷却中、塩水タンク１上部と集熱器３上部を弁４０を開として連通させると、塩水が落下し、冷却を完了させることができる。
図４は、図３と同様に塩水タンク１を減圧して、塩水ａから溶存気体を放出させた例であり、図３との相違は、管３０がない点にある。また、夜間の冷却に際しては、ポンプ４１を設けて強制循環させることができる。
【００１３】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、塩水の循環を自然循環とすることができるので、消費電力を極端に減らし、太陽電池単独、あるいは太陽電池と蓄電池で駆動し、外部電力を不要とすることができる塩水淡水化装置とすることができた。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の塩水淡水化装置の淡水化運転を説明するフロー構成図。
【図２】本発明の塩水淡水化装置の夜間冷却運転を説明するフロー構成図。
【図３】本発明の塩水淡水化装置の別の構成を説明するフロー構成図。
【図４】本発明の塩水淡水化装置の別の構成を説明するフロー構成図。
【符号の説明】
１：塩水タンク、２Ａ、２Ｂ、２Ｃ：予熱器、３：太陽熱集熱器、４：気液分離器、５、６、７：蒸発濃縮器、８：濃塩水タンク、９：凝縮器、１０：淡水タンク、１１：液面センサー[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a salt water desalination apparatus, and more particularly to a salt water desalination apparatus that obtains fresh water from seawater or the like by solar heat.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a salt water desalination apparatus that obtains fresh water that is water that does not contain salt by heating water containing salt such as seawater, evaporating water, and condensing the water vapor is a well-known device. The apparatus usually has a so-called multiple effect, in which the generated steam is used to sequentially heat and evaporate the salt water in the low-pressure part.
Electricity used in the salt water desalination apparatus is for driving motors such as vacuum generators (vacuum pumps or water jet pumps), concentrated salt water discharge pumps and fresh water extraction pumps, and small capacity motors such as switching valve drive motors. A power supply and a control power supply are necessary, and there is a problem that the amount of power used increases.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above prior art, the present invention provides a solar water-based salt water desalination apparatus that drastically reduces power consumption, is driven by a solar cell alone or by a solar cell and a storage battery, and does not require external power. And
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, a salt water tank, a solar heat collector, a gas-liquid separator, an evaporative concentrator, and a condenser are used as main components, and these are connected by a salt water path and a water / steam path, In the multi-effect salt water desalination apparatus that produces fresh water by heating and evaporating salt water using heat from the solar heat collector as a heat source, the solar heat collector and the gas-liquid separator constitute an evaporation concentrator, The upper part of the solar heat collector and the upper part of the gas-liquid separator are connected by a pipe, the lower part of the solar heat collector and the lower part of the gas-liquid separator are connected by a pipe, and the lower part of the solar heat collector The pipe connecting the pipe and the lower part of the gas-liquid separator and the salt water tank are connected by a pipe, the upper part of the solar heat collector and the salt water tank are connected by a pipe, and a condenser is provided in the salt water tank This is a multi-effect salt water desalination apparatus characterized by the above.
In the present invention, a salt water tank, a solar heat collector, a gas-liquid separator, an evaporative concentrator, and a condenser are used as main components, and these are connected by a salt water path and a water / steam path, In a multi-effect salt water desalination apparatus that heats and evaporates salt water to produce fresh water using heat as a heat source, the solar heat collector and the gas-liquid separator constitute a first stage evaporative concentrator, and the solar heat collection The heater is installed to be inclined from a horizontal plane, the upper part thereof is connected to the upper space of the gas-liquid separator by a pipe, the lower part thereof is connected to the lower part of the gas-liquid separator by a pipe, and the solar heat collecting A pipe connecting the lower part of the vessel and the lower part of the gas-liquid separator, and a lower part of the salt water tank are connected by a pipe, and the upper part of the solar heat collector and the upper part having the liquid of the salt water tank are connected by a pipe, The salt water tank is provided with a level switch, and the salt water level is set to a predetermined level. Which has a control means for maintaining, in which was the provision of the condenser heat exchanger in said brine tank.
[0005]
In the multi-effect salt water desalination apparatus, a pipe connecting the upper part of the solar heat collector and the upper part of the gas-liquid separator or the salt water tank, and a lower part of the solar heat collector and the lower part of the salt water tank or the gas-liquid separator. Each pipe can be provided with a valve so that the liquid can be selectively communicated therewith.
Further, the control means for maintaining the liquid level of the salt water tank at a predetermined level can be performed by controlling the supply of salt water from the outside, and the salt water tank of the pipe connecting the upper part of the solar heat collector and the salt water tank The upper position is lower than the predetermined liquid level.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention uses salt water as a heat storage agent in a heat storage tank, a heat exchanger for a condenser of a salt water desalination apparatus is provided in the tank, the heat collector is cooled by sky radiation at night, and the heat collector and the heat storage tank And the salt water is circulated to cool the salt water in the heat storage tank.
Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1-4 shows the flow block diagram of the salt water desalination apparatus of this invention, FIG. 1 shows desalination operation, FIG. 2 shows nighttime cooling operation, FIG.3 and FIG.4 shows another structure of a salt water desalination apparatus. It is a flow block diagram.
In the figure, 1 is a salt water tank, 2A, 2B and 2C are preheaters, 3 is a solar heat collector, 4 is a gas-liquid separator, 5, 6 and 7 are evaporative concentrators, 8 is a concentrated salt water tank, and 9 is condensed. 10 is a fresh water tank, and 11 is a liquid level sensor.
[0007]
First, the salt water desalination operation will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 1 shows a quadruple effect, and salt water a from the outside is put into a salt water tank 1 from a pipe 21 and used for cooling the condenser 9. The salt water a in the salt water tank 1 is sucked into the apparatus through the pipe 22 due to the difference between the atmospheric pressure and the internal pressure of the salt water desalination apparatus. After being heated with steam from each of the evaporation concentrators 7, 6, and 5 in the preheaters 2A, 2B, and 2C, the solar heat collector 3 as the first-stage evaporation concentrator is entered.
It is heated by the heat collector 3 and enters the gas-liquid separator 4 at the outlet of the heat collector while boiling. The generated steam passes through the pipe 31 and enters the heat exchanger of the second stage evaporative concentrator 5, heats the salt water outside the heat exchanger, partially liquefies, enters the preheater 2C, and heats the supplied salt water Then, it liquefies and enters the lower preheater 2B. On the other hand, the salt water concentrated in the first stage enters the second stage evaporation concentrator 5 from the pipe 26, is heated by the generated steam from the pipe 31, and is evaporated and concentrated.
[0008]
The steam generated in the second stage evaporative concentrator 5 enters the heat exchanger of the third stage evaporative concentrator 6 from the pipe 32, and the steam generated in the third stage evaporative concentrator 6 is The same evaporative concentration is performed by entering the heat exchanger of the fourth stage evaporative concentrator 7 from the pipe 33. The salt water concentrated in the second stage enters the third stage evaporative concentrator 6 from the pipe 27, and the salt water concentrated in the third stage passes from the pipe 28 to the fourth stage evaporative concentrator 7. Enters the concentrated salt water tank 8 through the pipe 29. The concentrated salt water b is intermittently discharged by the pump 19 based on a signal from a liquid level sensor or the like.
The steam generated in the fourth stage evaporative concentrator 7 enters the condenser 9 from the pipe 34 and is cooled and liquefied, while the steam heated in the fourth stage evaporative concentrator is preheated from the pipe 33. Enters the condenser 2A, liquefies, enters the condenser 9 through the pipe 35, and is stored in the fresh water tank 10 through the pipe 36. The stored water c is intermittently supplied by the pump 20 based on the signal from the liquid level sensor or the like. Discharged.
[0009]
The dissolved gas contained in the salt water a is discharged by the evaporation concentrator, and finally gathers in the condenser 9 through the vapor system. This gas is discharged from the condenser 9 by the vacuum device 37.
The salt water a in the salt water tank 1 cools the condenser 9 and is heated by itself to become an upward flow and cause natural convection. For this reason, the condenser 9 is preferably provided in the lower part of the salt water tank 1. While solar heat can be secured, desalination operation is possible, during which condensation heat is released to the salt water tank. The salt water tank capacity is determined in consideration of this temperature rise. Even during the desalination operation, the salt water tank 1 is cooled by the outside air from the outside. However, the temperature rises because there is more heat of condensation.
In such a saltwater desalination operation, the valve 13 is closed, the valves 12 and 14 are opened, and the valves 15 to 18 are controlled.
[0010]
In this way, the salt water a is heated by the solar heat collector, and partially enters the gas-liquid separator 4 as steam. The steam enters the heat exchanger of the evaporative concentrator 5 in the second stage of the salt water desalination apparatus. A part of the separated salt water goes to the second stage evaporative concentrator 5, and the rest is led to the lower part of the solar heat collector 3, and enters the heat collector 3 together with the salt water from the preheater 2C.
Steam generation in the heat collector 3 serves as a bubble pump, and salt water from the gas-liquid separator 4 can be naturally circulated.
In addition, as shown with the broken line, the circulation pump 38 is used and forced circulation is also naturally possible. In this case, the pump may be driven by a solar cell.
[0011]
FIG. 2 shows a night-time cooling operation for cooling the salt water tank.
Due to the desalination of salt water by solar heat, the temperature of the salt water in the salt water tank 1 is rising.
At night, the gas-liquid separator 4 is partitioned by valves 12 and 14, and a salt water circulation path is provided between the heat collector 3 and the salt water tank 1. The salt water in the upper part of the salt water tank 1 enters the upper part of the heat collector 3 from the pipe 25 through the valve 13 and is cooled by cold air and sky radiation at night in the heat collector 3. It passes through the valve 15 and the pipe 22 and enters the lower part of the salt water tank 1. Circulation can be natural circulation by temperature difference.
In this nighttime operation, the valves 13 and 15 are fully open and the valves 12, 14, 16, 17, and 18 are closed.
[0012]
FIG. 3 is a flow configuration diagram showing another configuration of the salt water desalination apparatus of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the piping of the vacuum device 37 is connected to the upper space portion of the salt water tank 1, and this space portion and A pipe 30 connects the upper part of the solar heat collector 3.
In FIG. 3, the salt water tank 1 is depressurized to release dissolved gas from the salt water. In this case, depending on the pressure of the salt water tank 1, a pump 39 is required to supply the salt water a to the desalination apparatus.
If the salt water tank 1 upper part and the heat collector 3 upper part are connected with the valve 40 opened during nighttime cooling, salt water falls and cooling can be completed.
FIG. 4 shows an example in which the salt water tank 1 is decompressed and the dissolved gas is released from the salt water a as in FIG. 3, and the difference from FIG. 3 is that there is no pipe 30. Further, for cooling at night, a pump 41 can be provided for forced circulation.
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since salt water circulation can be natural circulation, salt water fresh water that can reduce power consumption drastically and can be driven by a solar cell alone or by a solar cell and a storage battery, eliminating the need for external power. It was possible to make it a device.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram illustrating a desalination operation of a salt water desalination apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram illustrating nighttime cooling operation of the salt water desalination apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow configuration diagram illustrating another configuration of the salt water desalination apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow configuration diagram illustrating another configuration of the salt water desalination apparatus of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: salt water tank, 2A, 2B, 2C: preheater, 3: solar heat collector, 4: gas-liquid separator, 5, 6, 7: evaporative concentrator, 8: concentrated salt water tank, 9: condenser, 10 : Fresh water tank, 11: Liquid level sensor

Claims (3)

塩水タンク、太陽熱集熱器、気液分離器、蒸発濃縮器、凝縮器を主要構成機器として、これらを塩水経路及び水・蒸気経路で接続し、太陽熱集熱器からの熱を熱源として、塩水を加熱蒸発させて淡水を作る多重効用型塩水淡水化装置において、前記太陽熱集熱器と前記気液分離器とで蒸発濃縮器を構成し、該太陽熱集熱器の上部と該気液分離器の上部とを配管で連結し、該太陽熱集熱器の下部と該気液分離器の下部とを配管で連結し、該太陽熱集熱器の下部と気液分離器下部とを結ぶ前記配管と、前記塩水タンクとを配管で連結し、前記太陽熱集熱器の上部と、前記塩水タンクを配管で連結し、該塩水タンク内に凝縮器を設けたことを特徴とする多重効用型塩水淡水化装置。The salt water tank, solar heat collector, gas-liquid separator, evaporative concentrator, and condenser are connected as main components, and the salt water path and water / steam path are connected, and the heat from the solar heat collector is used as the heat source. In a multi-effect salt water desalination apparatus for producing fresh water by heating and evaporating, the solar heat collector and the gas-liquid separator constitute an evaporation concentrator, and the upper part of the solar heat collector and the gas-liquid separator A pipe connecting the lower part of the solar heat collector and the lower part of the gas-liquid separator, and connecting the lower part of the solar heat collector and the lower part of the gas-liquid separator; The salt water tank is connected by a pipe, the upper part of the solar heat collector is connected by a pipe, the salt water tank is connected by a pipe, and a condenser is provided in the salt water tank. apparatus. 塩水タンク、太陽熱集熱器、気液分離器、蒸発濃縮器、凝縮器を主要構成機器として、これらを塩水経路及び水・蒸気経路で接続し、太陽熱集熱器からの熱を熱源として、塩水を加熱蒸発させて淡水を作る多重効用型塩水淡水化装置において、前記太陽熱集熱器と気液分離器とで第１段目の蒸発濃縮器を構成し、該太陽熱集熱器は、水平面から傾斜させて設置され、その上部と気液分離器の上部空間とを配管で結び、その下部と気液分離器の下部とを配管で連結し、また、該太陽熱集熱器下部と気液分離器下部とを結ぶ配管と、前記塩水タンクの下部とを配管で連結し、前記太陽熱集熱器の上部と、塩水タンクの液を有する上部位置とを配管で連結し、該塩水タンクには、レベルスイッチを設け、塩水液面を所定のレベルに保つ制御手段を有すると共に、該塩水タンク内に凝縮器用熱交換器を設けたことを特徴とする多重効用型塩水淡水化装置。  The salt water tank, solar heat collector, gas-liquid separator, evaporative concentrator, and condenser are connected as main components, and the salt water path and water / steam path are connected, and the heat from the solar heat collector is used as the heat source. In the multi-effect saltwater desalination apparatus for producing fresh water by heating and evaporating, the solar heat collector and the gas-liquid separator constitute a first stage evaporative concentrator, and the solar heat collector is It is installed at an inclination, and its upper part and the upper space of the gas-liquid separator are connected by a pipe, and its lower part and the lower part of the gas-liquid separator are connected by a pipe, and the lower part of the solar heat collector and the gas-liquid separation A pipe connecting the lower part of the vessel and a lower part of the salt water tank are connected by a pipe, and an upper part of the solar heat collector and an upper position having the liquid of the salt water tank are connected by a pipe. A level switch is provided to provide control means for maintaining the salt water level at a predetermined level. Rutotomoni, multiple-effect type water desalination apparatus characterized in that a condenser heat exchanger in said brine tank. 前記太陽熱集熱器の上部と、気液分離器又は塩水タンク上部とを結ぶ配管、及び太陽熱集熱器下部と、塩水タンク又は気液分離器下部とを結ぶ配管には、それぞれ弁を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の多重効用型塩水淡水化装置。Valves were provided on the pipes connecting the upper part of the solar heat collector and the upper part of the gas-liquid separator or the salt water tank, and the pipes connecting the lower part of the solar heat collector and the lower part of the salt water tank or the gas-liquid separator. The multi-effect salt water desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized by the above.
JP13859199A 1999-05-19 1999-05-19 Salt water desalination equipment Expired - Fee Related JP3712036B2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102976421A (en) * 2012-11-22 2013-03-20 中国神华能源股份有限公司 Sea water desalination system

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JP5150785B2 (en) * 2010-04-30 2013-02-27 春男 上原 Pure liquid production equipment
CN102863035A (en) * 2011-07-07 2013-01-09 常州化工设备有限公司 Multi-effect evaporating and desalting device desalting process
CN102923800B (en) * 2012-11-06 2014-03-26 集美大学 Heat accumulating type seawater desalination device and method of seawater desalination
CN102992426A (en) * 2012-12-12 2013-03-27 众和海水淡化工程有限公司 Small and simple seawater desalination device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102976421A (en) * 2012-11-22 2013-03-20 中国神华能源股份有限公司 Sea water desalination system
CN102976421B (en) * 2012-11-22 2014-07-09 中国神华能源股份有限公司 Sea water desalination system

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