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JP3798081B2 - Method for producing bread whose bulk is restored by reheating - Google Patents

Method for producing bread whose bulk is restored by reheating Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3798081B2
JP3798081B2 JP24285896A JP24285896A JP3798081B2 JP 3798081 B2 JP3798081 B2 JP 3798081B2 JP 24285896 A JP24285896 A JP 24285896A JP 24285896 A JP24285896 A JP 24285896A JP 3798081 B2 JP3798081 B2 JP 3798081B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
bread
bulk
reheating
present
starch
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JP24285896A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH1084850A (en
Inventor
尚人 工藤
賢治 舛井
大介 椎葉
雅典 小御門
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Kao Corp
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Kao Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、焼成後に嵩を減少させ、保存後、再加熱により嵩を復元させる圧縮パン類に関する技術であって、その際の外観、復元性を向上させる技術に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
近年、食生活が洋風化しパン類の消費量が増加するに従って、一度焼成したパン類を常温、冷蔵あるいは冷凍状態で保存し、販売店や外食産業店で電子レンジ等を用いて加熱し、消費者に供給することが増えてきている。
本発明者らは、ベーカリー製品等の流通、保管における経費削減を図ると共に、販売店、外食産業店、家庭において、何時でも焼き立てに近い味を有するベーカリー製品等を提供するべく鋭意検討を重ねた結果、ベーカリー製品等を一旦焼成等の手段により製造した後、嵩を減少させ、保存後、再加熱により嵩を復元させる技術に着目し、加熱処理後に嵩を減少させたパン類であって、再加熱により嵩が復元する特徴を有するパン類に関する発明を完成し、特許出願するに至った(PCT/JP96/630)。このような圧縮復元パンの場合、食感・風味や外観と共に、レンジアップ時の復元性が極めて重要である。
【0003】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで、本発明者らは、圧縮復元パンにおける食感・風味等の品質、並びに復元性の向上を目的として鋭意検討を進めた結果、パンクラム組織からの溶出澱粉量がこれらに大きな影響を与えていることを見出し、本発明を完成したものである。
即ち本発明は、常のパン焼成温度よりも低温で、長時間焼成することにより、パンクラム組織からの溶出澱粉量を10重量%以下としたパン類を得て、その嵩を減少させることを特徴とする再加熱により嵩が復元するパン類の製造方法である。
【0004】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明のパン類及びその製造方法について詳細に説明する。先ず、本発明で言うパン類とは、小麦粉食品の内、比較的含水率が高く、且つ比較的内部空間容積の大きな食品である。ここで、比較的含水率が高いとは、一般的には含水率10%以上、また、比較的内部空間容積が大きいとは、一般的には空間容積10%以上のものを指す。より具体的には、食パン、コッペパン、ロールパン、クロワッサン、アンパン等の菓子パン等のパン類が挙げられる。尚、本発明のパン類は、小麦粉を主成分とし、大麦、ライ麦、トウモロコシ粉、澱粉、卵、油脂、砂糖、乳成分、香料、乳化剤その他を含有するものであり、組成的には特に限定されるものではない。又、パン類は、一般的には、一旦焼成し、製品としたものについて、後記の如き処理が施される。
【0005】
本発明の特徴は、パンクラム組織からの溶出澱粉量10重量%以下、好ましくは5重量%以下としたパン類を使用することにある。本発明者らが、圧縮復元パンにおける復元性について詳細な検討を行ったところ、パンをプレス機などで圧縮し、嵩を減少させた際、パン内部組織(クラム)から溶出した澱粉が組織間を接着させることにより、嵩の復元性が低下することが判明した。そこで、本発明では、パンクラム組織からの溶出澱粉量を10重量%以下に規定したものである。
本発明において、溶出澱粉量とは、以下に示す定量法によって規定されるものとする。
〔溶出澱粉量の定量法〕
パンサンプルを凍結乾燥し、粉砕し試料とする。粉体サンプル 0.8gを精秤後、80%メタノール75mlを加え、還流冷却器を付け、15分間加熱抽出を行い、これを3回繰り返し、低分子糖を除去する。サンプルを乾燥後、メタノール0.8ml 、蒸留水30mlを添加し、25℃で緩やかに攪拌しながら30分間抽出する。これを3000G 、30分間遠心分離し、上清を分離し、この上清をフェノール−硫酸法にて全糖量を定量し、これを溶出澱粉量とする。
一般的なパンの場合の溶出澱粉量は17〜19重量%程度であり、本発明において、パンクラム組織からの溶出澱粉量を低下させる手法としては、例えば澱粉を包埋しているパン内部のゲル組織を強化する手法があげられる。具体的には、通常のパン焼成温度よりも低温で、長時間焼成することにより、グルテンの変性を促進し、グルテンゲル構造をより強固なものにする方法である。
【0006】
本発明においては、先ず第1工程として、加熱処理したパン類の嵩を減少させる工程を行う。
ここで、嵩の減少率は、上記パン類の種類、即ち内部空間容積と復元力との兼ね合いにより一律には規定できないが、一般的には加熱処理後の半製品又は製品の1に対して0.1 〜0.9 、特に0.2 〜0.5 (高さ比)の範囲であり、本発明の目的(流通、保管における経費削減)からすれば、減少率が大きいほど好ましい。要は、後記する再加熱により嵩が復元する範囲で出来るだけ圧縮することが肝要である。
このパン類の嵩を減少させる工程の具体的手段としては、機械的圧縮等が挙げられ、具体的には、プレス機による加圧圧縮や、可撓性包材中に密封しておき中を減圧することによる圧縮(真空パック方式)が挙げられる。
また、プレス機による加圧圧縮を行う場合には、予め圧縮プレートを冷却しておくと、凍結時間が短縮されて、生産の効率化を図ることができる。
本発明においては、加熱処理したパン類の嵩を減少させる工程の前または後に該食品を包装する工程を含むことができる。この包装の工程は、常法の技術により行われる。
本発明では、加熱処理したパン類の嵩を減少させる工程の後あるいは同時にパン類を冷凍または冷蔵処理する工程を設けるのが好ましい。これにより、嵩を減少させたパン類をそのままの形態で保存することが可能であると共に保存性も優れたものとなる。
【0007】
本発明の方法によって得られた嵩を減少させたパン類は、必要により保存、運搬等の流通過程におかれ、販売店、外食産業店または家庭にて、再加熱し、嵩を復元させて食される。この再加熱の手段としては、乾式手段である電子レンジやオーブンレンジによるものが好ましいが、蒸し器等を使った湿式手段でもよい。又、その他の加熱によるものでもよいが、内部振動加熱手段、具体的には電子レンジによることが、利便性、復元性等の点から好ましい。
本発明のパン類の製造方法の実施においては、具体的に以下のような態様が考えられるが、これらは全て本発明の実施要項に含まれる。
例えば、▲1▼第1工程の加熱処理したパン類の嵩を減少させる工程(以下、本願第1工程と言う)をパン等の製造業者が行い、第1工程後のパン類の嵩を再加熱により復元させる工程(以下、本願第2工程と言う)をコンビニエンスストアー等の販売店が行う場合、▲2▼本願第1工程をパン等の製造業者が行い、本願第2工程もパン等の製造業者が行う場合、▲3▼本願第1工程をパン等の製造業者が行い、本願第2工程を消費者が家庭や職場で個人的に行う場合。
ここで、再加熱処理による嵩の復元率は、加熱処理後の1に対して0.5 〜2.0 (体積比)程度である。
【0008】
【発明の効果】
このようにして、本発明の技術によれば、パン類の嵩を減少させた状態で流通、保管することができるので、その際の経費削減を図ることが出来ると共に、販売店、外食産業店、家庭において、何時でも焼き立てに近い味を有するパン類等を効率的に生産し提供することができる。また、パンの外観が良好(シワやひび割れがない)で、復元性も優れている。
【0009】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を更に具体的に説明する。尚、実施例中の部は重量部を示す。
参考例1
表1に示す配合に基づき、70%中種法でロールパンを製造した。
【0010】
縦型ミキサー(関東ミキサー、10コートボール使用)、フックを用い、中種配合材料をボールに入れ、低速2分、中高速1分にて混捏し、捏上温度を24℃とし、中種生地を調製する。
次にこれを中種発酵温度27℃、相対湿度75%、発酵時間3時間、発酵終点品温29.5℃の条件にて醗酵させる。
次にこの中種発酵生地に油脂を除く本捏配合材料を添加し、低速3分、中高速3分にて混捏した後、油脂を添加し、さらに低速2分、中高速3分、高速2分で混捏し、捏上げ温度27.5℃とし、本捏生地とした。
次いで、20分間フロアタイムをとった後、50gずつ分割し、ベンチタイムを20分間とり、モルダーで適切に成型した後、ホイロを行った。ホイロ条件は、37℃、湿度80%にて約45分である。このようにして調製したパンを、220 ℃(上火5、下火3)のオーブン内で10分間焼成した。得られたパンの比容積は5.5 cm3/gであった。焼成後、室温にて1時間放冷した後、圧縮プレス板に挟んで、比容積が2.00cm3/gとなるまで15秒で圧縮成型し、その状態で−30℃まで急速冷凍した。次に圧縮成型されたパンをプレス板から開放し、包装フィルムに導入し、窒素ガス置換後密封包装した。この圧縮成型されたパンを1ケ月間冷凍庫に保管した後、取り出し、電子レンジで60秒間加熱した。
尚、比容積は、下記の如く、なたね種子を用いた常法により測定した。
【0011】
【数1】

Figure 0003798081
【0012】
【表1】
Figure 0003798081
【0013】
比較例1
前記参考例1の方法によりロールパンを製造したパンについて、パンクラム組織からの溶出澱粉量と、電子レンジでの嵩復元性を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
実施例1
前記参考例1の方法において、パンの焼成条件を、内部グルテンの変性を促進し、グルテンゲルをより強固にする目的で、通常のパンの焼成温度よりも低温で長時間焼成した。即ち、焼成条件を200 ℃、12分間とした以外は参考例1と同様にしてロールパンを製造した。この低温長時間焼成パンについて、パンクラム組織からの溶出澱粉量と、電子レンジでの嵩復元性を評価した。結果を表2に示す。
【0014】
【表2】
Figure 0003798081
【0015】
表2の結果からも明らかなように、溶出澱粉量を低下させた本発明のパンは、嵩復元性に優れていた。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a technique for reducing the bulk after baking and restoring the bulk by reheating after storage, and relates to a technique for improving the appearance and resilience at that time.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years, as the eating habits have become westernized and the consumption of bread has increased, once baked bread has been stored at room temperature, refrigerated or frozen, and then heated and consumed using a microwave oven or the like at a store or restaurant industry store. Increasing supply to consumers.
The inventors of the present invention attempted to reduce expenses in the distribution and storage of bakery products, etc., and repeated earnest studies to provide bakery products having a taste close to fresh at any time in stores, restaurants, and homes. As a result, after producing bakery products etc. by means such as baking once, pay attention to the technology to reduce the bulk, restore the bulk by reheating after storage, and breads that have reduced the bulk after heat treatment, An invention relating to bread having the feature of restoring its bulk by reheating was completed and a patent application was filed (PCT / JP96 / 630). In the case of such a compressed decompression bread, the restorability at the time of range-up is very important along with the texture, flavor and appearance.
[0003]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, as a result of intensive investigations aimed at improving the texture and flavor of compressed decompression bread and improving the resilience, the present inventors have found that the amount of starch eluted from the crumb tissue has a large effect on these. And the present invention has been completed.
That is, the present invention is at a temperature lower than the bread baking temperature normal, by firing a long time to obtain the bread was eluted amount of starch from Pankuramu tissue 10 wt% or less, to decrease the bulk It is the manufacturing method of breads which bulk restores by the characteristic reheating.
[0004]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the breads of the present invention and the production method thereof will be described in detail. First, breads referred to in the present invention are foods having a relatively high moisture content and a relatively large internal space volume among flour foods. Here, a relatively high water content generally means a water content of 10% or more, and a relatively large internal space volume generally means a material having a space volume of 10% or more. More specifically, breads such as confectionery breads such as bread, chopped bread, roll bread, croissant, and anpan are listed. The breads of the present invention are mainly composed of wheat flour, and contain barley, rye, corn flour, starch, eggs, fats and oils, sugar, milk ingredients, fragrances, emulsifiers and the like, and are particularly limited in terms of composition. Is not to be done. Also, bread is generally once fired, for those with product, Ru later-described process is performed.
[0005]
A feature of the present invention resides in the use of breads in which the amount of starch eluted from the crumb tissue is 10% by weight or less, preferably 5% by weight or less. When the present inventors conducted a detailed study on the restoring property in the compression-restored bread, when the bread was compressed with a press machine or the like to reduce the bulk, the starch eluted from the bread internal tissue (crumb) It has been found that the adhesiveness of the material decreases the bulk restoring property. Therefore, in the present invention, the amount of starch eluted from the crumb tissue is specified to be 10% by weight or less.
In the present invention, the amount of eluted starch is defined by the following quantitative method.
[Quantification method of the amount of eluted starch]
The bread sample is freeze-dried and crushed into a sample. After finely weighing 0.8 g of the powder sample, add 75 ml of 80% methanol, attach a reflux condenser, perform heat extraction for 15 minutes, repeat this 3 times, and remove low molecular sugar. After drying the sample, add 0.8 ml of methanol and 30 ml of distilled water, and extract for 30 minutes with gentle stirring at 25 ° C. This is centrifuged at 3000 G for 30 minutes, and the supernatant is separated. The total sugar amount of this supernatant is quantified by the phenol-sulfuric acid method, and this is used as the amount of eluted starch.
In the case of general bread, the amount of eluted starch is about 17 to 19% by weight. In the present invention, as a technique for reducing the amount of eluted starch from the crumb tissue, for example, gel in the bread in which starch is embedded There are methods to strengthen the organization. Specifically, at a temperature lower than bread baking temperature normal, by firing a long time, and promote denaturation of gluten, Ru method der to gluten gel structure more robust.
[0006]
In the present invention, first, as a first step, a step of reducing the bulk of the heat-treated breads is performed.
Here, the reduction rate of the bulk cannot be uniformly defined depending on the type of breads, that is, the balance between the internal space volume and the restoring force, but in general, for one of the semi-finished product or the product after the heat treatment. It is in the range of 0.1 to 0.9, particularly 0.2 to 0.5 (height ratio), and from the object of the present invention (cost reduction in distribution and storage), the larger the reduction rate, the better. In short, it is important to compress as much as possible within a range in which the bulk is restored by reheating described later.
Specific means of the step of reducing the volume of breads include mechanical compression and the like, and specifically, pressure compression with a press machine and sealing inside a flexible packaging material. Compression (vacuum packing method) by reducing the pressure can be mentioned.
In addition, when pressure compression is performed by a press, if the compression plate is cooled in advance, the freezing time is shortened, and production efficiency can be improved.
The present invention can include a step of packaging the food before or after the step of reducing the bulk of the heat-treated bread. This packaging process is performed by conventional techniques.
In the present invention, it is preferable to provide a step of freezing or refrigeration of bread after the step of reducing the bulk of the heat-treated bread. As a result, breads with reduced bulk can be stored as they are, and storage stability is excellent.
[0007]
The breads reduced in bulk obtained by the method of the present invention are placed in a distribution process such as storage and transportation as necessary, and reheated at a store, a restaurant industry store or at home to restore the bulk. To be eaten. The reheating means is preferably a dry means such as a microwave oven or a microwave oven, but may also be a wet means using a steamer or the like. Although other heating methods may be used, it is preferable to use an internal vibration heating means, specifically, a microwave oven from the viewpoint of convenience and restoration.
In carrying out the method for producing breads of the present invention, the following embodiments can be specifically considered, but these are all included in the implementation guidelines of the present invention.
For example, (1) a manufacturer of bread or the like performs the step of reducing the bulk of the heat-treated bread in the first step (hereinafter referred to as the first step of the present application), and the volume of the bread after the first step is restored. When a store such as a convenience store performs the process of restoring by heating (hereinafter referred to as the second process of the present application), (2) the manufacturer of the bread performs the first process of the present application, When the manufacturer performs (3) When the first step of the present application is performed by a manufacturer such as bread, and the second step of the present application is performed by the consumer personally at home or at work.
Here, the restoration rate of the bulk by the reheating treatment is about 0.5 to 2.0 (volume ratio) with respect to 1 after the heat treatment.
[0008]
【The invention's effect】
In this way, according to the technology of the present invention, since it can be distributed and stored in a state in which the volume of bread is reduced, it is possible to reduce the cost at that time, and at the store, restaurant industry store At home, it is possible to efficiently produce and provide breads and the like having a taste close to freshly baked at any time. In addition, the bread has a good appearance (no wrinkles or cracks) and has excellent resilience.
[0009]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. In addition, the part in an Example shows a weight part.
Reference example 1
Based on the formulation shown in Table 1, rolls were produced by a 70% medium seed method.
[0010]
Using a vertical mixer (Kanto mixer, using 10 coated balls), hooks, put medium-mixed ingredients in a bowl, knead at low speed for 2 minutes, medium high speed for 1 minute, and raise the temperature to 24 ° C. To prepare.
Next, this is fermented under the conditions of a medium seed fermentation temperature of 27 ° C., a relative humidity of 75%, a fermentation time of 3 hours, and a fermentation end product temperature of 29.5 ° C.
Next, the main ingredient blending material excluding fats and oils is added to this medium-sized fermented dough, and after kneading at low speed 3 minutes and medium high speed 3 minutes, fats and oils are added, and then low speed 2 minutes, medium high speed 3 minutes, high speed 2 Kneaded in minutes, the kneading temperature was set to 27.5 ° C., and this was made into a real koji.
Next, after taking the floor time for 20 minutes, 50g was divided, and the bench time was taken for 20 minutes. The proof condition is about 45 minutes at 37 ° C and 80% humidity. The bread thus prepared was baked for 10 minutes in an oven at 220 ° C. (top fire 5, bottom fire 3). The specific volume of the bread obtained was 5.5 cm 3 / g. After firing, the mixture was allowed to cool at room temperature for 1 hour, and then sandwiched between compression press plates, compression molded in 15 seconds until the specific volume reached 2.00 cm 3 / g, and rapidly frozen to −30 ° C. in that state. Next, the compression-molded bread was released from the press plate, introduced into a packaging film, and sealed and packaged after replacement with nitrogen gas. The compression-molded bread was stored in a freezer for 1 month, then taken out and heated in a microwave for 60 seconds.
The specific volume was measured by a conventional method using rape seeds as described below.
[0011]
[Expression 1]
Figure 0003798081
[0012]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003798081
[0013]
Comparative Example 1
About the bread which manufactured the bread roll by the method of the said reference example 1, the elution starch amount from a crumb structure | tissue and the bulk restoring property in a microwave oven were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.
Example 1
In the method of Reference Example 1, the baking conditions of the bread were baked for a long time at a temperature lower than the baking temperature of a normal bread for the purpose of promoting denaturation of internal gluten and strengthening the gluten gel. That is, a roll bread was produced in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that the baking conditions were 200 ° C. and 12 minutes. About this low-temperature long-time baking bread, the amount of eluted starch from a crumb structure | tissue and the bulk restoring property in a microwave oven were evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0014]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003798081
[0015]
As is clear from the results in Table 2, the bread of the present invention in which the amount of eluted starch was reduced was excellent in bulk restoring properties.

Claims (2)

常のパン焼成温度よりも低温で、長時間焼成することにより、パンクラム組織からの溶出澱粉量を10重量%以下としたパン類を得て、その嵩を減少させることを特徴とする再加熱により嵩が復元するパン類の製造方法At a lower temperature than the bread baking temperature normal, by firing a long time to obtain the bread was eluted amount of starch from Pankuramu tissue 10 wt% or less, reheating, characterized in that to reduce its bulk A method for producing bread in which the bulk is restored. 嵩を減少させた後あるいは同時に冷凍処理することを特徴とする請求項1記載の再加熱により嵩が復元するパン類の製造方法The method for producing bread according to claim 1, wherein the processing is performed by freezing after reducing the bulk or simultaneously.
JP24285896A 1996-09-13 1996-09-13 Method for producing bread whose bulk is restored by reheating Expired - Fee Related JP3798081B2 (en)

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JPH1084850A JPH1084850A (en) 1998-04-07
JP3798081B2 true JP3798081B2 (en) 2006-07-19

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