JP3790577B2 - Kneading equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a kneading apparatus for efficiently kneading two or more kinds of materials with each other.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When kneading a powdery material such as coal powder and a binder such as tar, the kneading state often depends on the movement of the binder. That is, when the powder and the binder are agitated, the binder penetrates into the powder and the kneading proceeds, but if the binder has a high viscosity, it cannot penetrate into the powder and becomes a large mass. , Efficient kneading is not possible.
[0003]
In order to efficiently knead using such a highly viscous binder, a kneading apparatus provided with two rotating shafts for stirring is known. For example, the stirring and mixing apparatus described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-59781 includes two rotating shafts that are rotatably mounted in a long container, and stirring blades that are mounted around the rotating shaft. The fluid in the container is agitated.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional stirring and mixing apparatus having the above-described configuration, a material with high fluidity is originally intended for kneading, and a powdery material such as coal powder and a highly viscous binder such as tar are kneaded. In this case, tar is stuck on the stirring blade, and the stirring efficiency is extremely poor.
[0005]
In order to solve this problem, there is a self-cleaning method and apparatus for a conveying mixer described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-44969. This apparatus is composed of two rotating shafts arranged in parallel and a number of stirring rods spirally provided around the rotating shaft. Then, when the rotating shaft rotates, the stirring rod rotates to stir the material to be kneaded.
[0006]
However, in this case, although it is excellent in efficiently scraping off the material to be kneaded around the stirring rod around the rotating shaft, the material to be kneaded containing a highly viscous binder such as tar is efficiently kneaded. Whether it can be done is unknown.
[0007]
This invention is made | formed in view of such a problem, and it aims at providing the kneading apparatus which can knead | mix a highly viscous binder and a powdery thing or a granular material efficiently.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A kneading apparatus according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a case body in which materials to be kneaded made of two or more materials are put inside and kneaded with each other, and a plurality of parallelly arranged in the case body are rotated. In a kneading apparatus configured to have a kneading rod for stirring and kneading the material to be kneaded, the material to be kneaded that is provided in the vicinity of the discharge port of the case body flows directly into the discharge port A fixed weir that is not to be moved, and a movable dam that is mounted on the upstream side in the vicinity of the fixed weir so as to be movable in the vertical direction and adjusts the discharge amount of the material to be kneaded by changing the opening area of the weir together with the fixed weir A weir, a level detector for detecting the filling rate of the material to be kneaded in the case body, and the material to be kneaded by automatically moving the movable weir vertically according to the filling rate detected by the level detector Device that adjusts the filling rate by changing the discharge amount Wherein the kneading bar, characterized by comprising two kneading rotary shaft of which sets the ratio of the rotational speed to a predetermined ratio.
[0009]
In the kneading apparatus configured as described above, the material to be kneaded located near the bottom surface of the case body is pressed against the bottom surface by the weight of the material to be kneaded located above the material. Then, the material to be kneaded strongly pressed against the bottom surface is stirred by the kneading rod. Thereby, even when using a binder with high viscosity, it can knead | mix with a powdery thing etc. efficiently. Furthermore, by changing the opening area between the fixed weir and the movable weir and adjusting the discharge rate of the material to be kneaded to adjust the filling rate of the material to be kneaded in the case body, The acting pressure can be adjusted, and the kneading ability can be adjusted by changing the pressure. Further, when the movable weir is pulled upward, the opening area formed between the lower end surface of the movable weir and the upper end surface of the fixed weir increases, and the discharge amount of the material to be kneaded increases. When the movable weir is pushed down, the opening area is reduced and the discharge amount of the material to be kneaded is reduced. Thereby, the filling rate of the material to be kneaded in the case main body is adjusted, and the kneading ability is appropriately adjusted. Further, the filling rate of the material to be kneaded is detected by the level detector, and the movable weir is automatically moved up and down by the driving device according to the detected filling rate. Thereby, the automatic operation which adjusts the filling rate of the to-be-kneaded material in a case main body, and maintains or adjusts the kneading | mixing capability of a kneading apparatus is attained. In addition, since the ratio of the rotation speeds of the two kneading rotary shafts is set to a predetermined ratio, the objects to be kneaded stuck on the top and bottom of the stirring rod can be scraped together.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a kneading apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a kneading apparatus according to this embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the kneading apparatus.
[0018]
The kneading apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is a container-fixed type apparatus, and is configured to have an elongated rectangular parallelepiped case body 2. Two kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4 are rotatably mounted in the case body 2. The two kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4 are arranged in the case body 2 in parallel in the longitudinal direction. A large number of stirring rods 5 are provided on each of the kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4. These stirring rods 5 are attached so as to extend radially outward from the centers of the kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4. Further, the respective stirring bars 5 are arranged in a spiral on the outer periphery of the kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4. The stirring bar 5 is formed in a round bar shape. The kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4 and the stirring rod 5 constitute a kneading rod for stirring and kneading the material to be kneaded. The stirring bar 5 may have another shape such as a square bar. In this case, for example, when the stirring bar 5 is a square bar, the maximum value in the diagonal direction is set to be equal to or smaller than the diameter of the round stirring bar 5. Furthermore, you may form the front-end | tip part of the stirring rod 5 in flat paddle shape.
[0019]
The kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4 are arranged close to each other so that the rotation trajectories of the stirring bars 5 intersect each other. The stirring bars 5 are arranged so as to intersect and rotate at extremely close positions without contacting each other, and the materials to be kneaded stuck to the stirring bars 5 can be scraped off each other. Incidentally, the ratio of the rotational speeds of the kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4 is set to a ratio of 5: 3. Each kneading rotary shaft 3, 4 is provided in the case body 2 so as to be positioned below.
[0020]
On the upper side of one end portion (left end portion in FIG. 1) of the case body 2, a charging port 7 for charging pulverized coal is provided.
[0021]
In the vicinity of the charging port 7, there is provided a binder charging port 8 for charging tar as a binder to be kneaded with the pulverized coal charged into the case body 2 from the charging port 7. Furthermore, a nozzle 8 </ b> A is provided in the binder inlet 8. This nozzle 8A is for dropping the tar flowing out from the binder charging port 8 onto the upper surface of the pulverized coal in a state of flowing out without being diffused. This is because the tar is not cooled. That is, since a binder such as tar has a high viscosity, it is dropped onto the upper surface of the pulverized coal in a state where the temperature is raised in order to lower it. However, when this heated tar is dropped on the upper surface of the pulverized coal by the spray watering method, it is cooled by air and becomes a small particle having a certain degree of viscosity and mixed with the pulverized coal. When mixed with pulverized coal in the form of small particles, it becomes a “dama” where pulverized coal surrounds a highly viscous tar. And this “dama” is not easily crushed and the kneading efficiency is lowered. In order to solve this problem, the tar is straightly dropped onto the upper surface of the pulverized coal by the nozzle 8A, so that the tar is mixed with the pulverized coal without being cooled so much.
[0022]
Below the other end of the case body 2, there is provided a discharge port 9 for discharging a mixture of pulverized coal and a binder (tar and pulverized coal after being kneaded) to the outside.
[0023]
A fixed weir 11 is provided near the discharge port 9 in the case body 2. The fixed weir 11 is disposed such that its upper end surface is located slightly above the axis of the kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4.
[0024]
A movable weir 12 is provided on the upstream side (inlet 7 side) near the fixed weir 11. The movable weir 12 is inserted from the upper side of the case main body 2 and can be moved up and down. The movable weir 12 can be lowered to a position where its lower end surface is located slightly below the axis of the kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4. The movable weir 12 is automatically moved by a driving device 13 connected to the upper end portion thereof. The drive device 13 moves the movable weir 12 in the vertical direction according to the filling rate detected by the level detector 15 described later, adjusts the opening area of the weir, and changes the discharge amount of the material to be kneaded to change the case body. 2 is an apparatus that adjusts the filling rate of the material to be kneaded in 2. The movable weir 12 and the fixed weir 11 driven by the driving device 13 adjust the filling rate of the material to be kneaded in the case body 2 to change the pressure acting on the material to be kneaded located near the bottom surface, thereby kneading. A filling rate adjusting means for adjusting the capacity is configured.
[0025]
On the upper side surface of the inner wall of the case body 2, a level detector 15 that detects the filling rate that is the amount of the material to be kneaded in the case body 2 is attached. The level detector 15 is connected to a driving device 13 so that the driving device 13 adjusts the amount of movement of the movable weir 12 according to the detected filling rate. That is, the drive device 13 adjusts the height of the lower end of the movable weir 12 according to the filling rate of the material to be kneaded in the case body 2 detected by the level detector 15, and opens between the fixed weir 11. The area is adjusted. By adjusting the opening area of the movable weir 12 and the fixed weir 11, the amount of the kneaded material discharged from the discharge port 9 beyond the upper end surface of the fixed weir 11 can be adjusted.
[0026]
A pulverized coal supply device (not shown) is provided on the upstream side of the inlet 7 so that a certain amount of pulverized coal per unit time is continuously supplied into the case body 2.
[0027]
[Action]
The container-fixed kneading apparatus 1 configured as described above kneads pulverized coal and tar as follows.
[0028]
Pulverized coal is continuously supplied into the case body 2 from the charging port 7 by the supply device. Further, tar is introduced into the pulverized coal in the case body 2 from the nozzle 8 </ b> A of the binder introduction port 8. This tar is dropped straight onto the upper surface of the pulverized coal without being diffused by the nozzle 8A, so that it is not cooled by air. As a result, tar remains in a low viscosity state and becomes a large lump and is mixed with pulverized coal. This large lump is agitated by the respective stirring rods 5 of the kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4 rotating in the case body 2 while being mixed with the powdery substance.
[0029]
On the other hand, the material to be kneaded made of tar and pulverized coal is moved to the downstream side while being stirred by the stirring rod 5 and reaches the fixed weir 11. Further, pulverized coal is continuously charged from the charging port 7 and tar is continuously charged from the nozzle 8A of the binder charging port 8. As a result, the material to be kneaded is filled between the vicinity of the inlet 7 and the fixed weir 11 while being kneaded by the kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4 and the stirring rod 5, and the level gradually increases. That is, the level of the material to be kneaded gradually increases with one of the materials being blocked by the fixed weir 11. Further, when the lower end of the movable weir 12 is lowered by the drive device 13 to the lowermost end position and the opening area is reduced, this level is further increased while one side is blocked by the movable weir 12. To go.
[0030]
During this time, the material to be kneaded is kneaded by the kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4 and the stirring rod 5. Furthermore, due to the increase in the level of the material to be kneaded, the material to be kneaded located near the bottom surface of the case body 2 is strongly pressed and compacted by the material to be kneaded located above. At this time, when a large lump of mixed tar and pulverized coal while maintaining a low viscosity state is moved to the bottom surface side of the case body 2 by the rotation of each stirring rod 5, the covering deposited on the upper side thereof is moved. It is strongly pressed by the kneaded material. When tar with low viscosity and pulverized coal are strongly pressed, the tar penetrates well between individual fine particles of pulverized coal.
[0031]
In this way, the material to be kneaded in which the tar has permeated well between the pulverized coals in a large lump is stirred and squeezed while being strongly pressed by each stirring bar 5. Thereby, a favorable kneading state is obtained.
[0032]
When the level of the material to be kneaded rises to a preset position, the level detector 15 detects the level, and in response to this, the driving device 13 slightly raises the movable weir 12. Thereby, the opening area by the fixed weir 11 and the movable weir 12 becomes somewhat large, and the kneaded material kneaded sufficiently passes through the upper end surface of the fixed weir 11 and is discharged from the discharge port 9 to the outside. When the level of the material to be kneaded begins to drop, the driving device 13 lowers the movable weir 12 and narrows the opening area. By repeating this adjustment, the level of the material to be kneaded is maintained at a constant height.
[0033]
As a result, the pressure in the vicinity of the bottom surface of the case body 2 is kept constant, and tar and pulverized coal are kneaded with each other with a constant kneading ability. At this time, in the case main body 2, the tar is mainly located below due to its own weight, and only pulverized coal is mainly present above. That is, tar mixed with pulverized coal is mainly located in the lower part of the case body 2. For this reason, tar and pulverized coal are efficiently kneaded in the vicinity of the bottom surface in the case body 2, and the kneaded material after the kneading is moved downstream by the respective stirring rods 5. Then, the kneaded material sufficiently kneaded passes through the lower end portion of the movable weir 12, passes through the fixed weir 11, and is discharged to the outside from the discharge port 9.
[0034]
On the other hand, since the stirring rods 5 of the kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4 are rotating at positions close to each other, the objects to be kneaded stuck to each other are scraped off from each other.
[0035]
Further, when using a binder other than tar, the kneading ability is changed according to the viscosity of the binder. Specifically, the level of the filling rate driven by the driving device 13 is reset. Thereby, the level of the material to be kneaded in the case body 2 is maintained at a filling rate corresponding to the viscosity of the binder.
[0036]
[effect]
As described above, in the case main body 2, the level of the material to be kneaded is maintained at a high position and the material to be kneaded near the bottom surface is strongly pressed and solidified. By stirring the product with the stirring rods 5 of the kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4, a binder having high viscosity such as tar can be efficiently kneaded.
[0037]
Moreover, since the level of the material to be kneaded in the case body 2 can be maintained at a constant height by the movable weir 12, the driving device 13, and the level detector 15, the kneading ability can be maintained at a constant value. It becomes like this.
[0038]
Furthermore, since the materials to be kneaded adhered to the respective stirring rods 5 are scraped off by the stirring rods 5 rotating in close proximity to each other, the initial kneading ability can be maintained for a long time. As a result, a highly reliable container-fixed kneading apparatus 1 can be provided.
[0039]
Further, by changing the setting, the filling rate of the object to be kneaded in the case body 2 can be easily changed, so that the kneading ability can be easily adjusted according to the viscosity of the binder.
[0040]
In addition, since the nozzle 8A for allowing the tar to flow straight out is provided at the binder inlet 8, it is possible to drop the tar onto the upper surface of the pulverized coal without cooling it, that is, keeping the viscosity low. As a result, tar with low viscosity can be efficiently kneaded with pulverized coal.
[0041]
[Modification]
In the above embodiment, the level of the material to be kneaded in the case body 2 is automatically adjusted using the driving device 13 and the level detector 15, but the movable weir 12 is adjusted manually. May be. In this case, the movable weir 12 is adjusted to a certain height and fixed in accordance with the kneading ability corresponding to the material to be kneaded.
[0042]
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the fixed weir 11 and the movable weir 12 were provided as a filling rate adjustment means, if it is a means which can adjust the level of the to-be-kneaded material in the case main body 2 other than this structure, other You may use the apparatus of the structure of this. Furthermore, only one movable weir that can move up and down from the lower side may be provided at the position of the fixed weir 11.
[0043]
Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the two kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4 are provided in the case main body 2, but according to the size of the container-fixing kneading apparatus 1 (the processing amount of the material to be kneaded), three You may provide above.
[0044]
In the above embodiment, the kneading apparatus 1 is a container-fixed type apparatus. However, the present invention is not limited to the fixed type, and the present invention can be applied to any apparatus provided with kneading rotary shafts 3 and 4 provided with stirring rods 5. It can be applied, and the same operations and effects as the above-described embodiment can be achieved.
[0045]
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the one binder insertion port 8 and the nozzle 8A were provided, two or more appropriate numbers can be provided according to the magnitude | size of an apparatus, the material to knead | mix, etc. Further, the arrangement position can be appropriately provided according to the size of the apparatus, the kneading efficiency and the like.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
[0047]
(1) Since the level of the material to be kneaded in the case main body can be adjusted by the filling rate adjusting means, it becomes possible to efficiently knead the material to be kneaded with high viscosity, and the kneading capacity is appropriately adjusted. Will be able to.
[0048]
(2) Since the opening area is adjusted by the fixed weir and the movable weir to adjust the level of the material to be kneaded in the case body, the level of the material to be kneaded can be adjusted reliably. .
[0049]
(3) Since the drive device for moving the movable weir and the level detector are provided, the level of the material to be kneaded in the case body can be adjusted arbitrarily and accurately.
[0050]
(4) Since the nozzle for allowing the binder to flow straight out is provided at the binder inlet, the binder can be dropped onto the upper surface of the powdered material or the like without diffusion and cooling, that is, without increasing the viscosity. . As a result, the viscosity of the binder can be kept low and can be mixed with a powdery material or the like, and can be kneaded efficiently.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing a kneading apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view showing a kneading apparatus according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: container fixed kneading device, 2: case body, 3, 4: rotating shaft for kneading, 5: stirring rod, 8: binder inlet, 8A: nozzle, 11: fixed weir, 12: movable weir, 13: drive Device, 15: level detector.

Claims (1)

A case body in which materials to be kneaded made of two or more kinds of materials are put into the interior and kneaded with each other, and a plurality of the materials to be kneaded in the case body are arranged in parallel and rotated to agitate and knead the materials to be kneaded. In a kneading apparatus configured with a bar,
A fixed weir that is provided in the vicinity of the discharge port of the case body so as to prevent the material to be kneaded charged into the case body from flowing directly into the discharge port;
A movable weir attached to the upstream side in the vicinity of the fixed weir so as to be movable in the vertical direction and adjusting the discharge amount of the material to be kneaded by changing the opening area of the weir together with the fixed weir,
A level detector that detects the filling rate of the material to be kneaded in the case body,
A driving device that automatically moves the movable weir vertically according to the filling rate detected by the level detector to change the discharge amount of the material to be kneaded and adjust the filling rate;
The kneading apparatus, wherein the kneading rod is provided with two kneading rotary shafts having a rotation speed ratio set to a predetermined ratio.

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