JP3633307B2 - Method for electrolytic coloring of aluminum and aluminum alloys - Google Patents
Method for electrolytic coloring of aluminum and aluminum alloys Download PDFInfo
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- JP3633307B2 JP3633307B2 JP26984598A JP26984598A JP3633307B2 JP 3633307 B2 JP3633307 B2 JP 3633307B2 JP 26984598 A JP26984598 A JP 26984598A JP 26984598 A JP26984598 A JP 26984598A JP 3633307 B2 JP3633307 B2 JP 3633307B2
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、アルミニウム及びアルミニウム合金の電解着色方法に関し、特に、ダークグレーからダークブラウンまでの色を工業的に得ることができる電解着色方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、アルミニウム及びアルミニウム合金(以下、単に「アルミニウム」とする)材を陽極酸化処理した後、金属塩を含む電解溶液中で電解処理して表面を着色することが知られている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、従来のアルミニウム材の電解着色では、ダークグレーやダークブラウン等を基調とする色が得られるものの、電解着色で得られる色は限られており、同じ槽を用いて、ダークグレーからダークブラウンに至るまでの色を調整する方法はなかった。
【0004】
そこで、本発明は、アルミニウム及びアルミニウム合金材をダークグレーからダークブラウンに至るまでの色の調整が一つの槽内でできるアルミニウム及びアルミニウム合金の電解着色方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、硫酸、シュウ酸、またはこれらの混酸水溶液中で、アルミニウム及びアルミニウム合金材を極として、交流またはこれと同様に正負の極性が交互に変換する波形の電流を印加して陽極酸化皮膜を生成する第1工程と、第1工程で得た被処理体を極として、被処理体の酸化皮膜の微細孔に構造的変化を与える−OH基もしくはCOOH基を含む有機酸、オルトリン酸、ピロリン酸、亜リン酸、クロム酸、硫酸アミド、硫酸またはこれらの塩のうち1種または2種以上を主体とした浴中で、電解処理する第2工程と、第2工程で得た被処理体を陰極として、ニッケル塩を含む溶液中で直流の電流を印加する、または第2工程で得た被処理体を極として、ニッケル塩を含む溶液中で正負の極性が交互に変換する波形の電流を印加する第3工程と、第3工程で得た被処理体を温水に浸し、浸漬時間によって色を変化させる第4工程とを備えることを特徴とする。
【0006】
アルミニウム材は、JISA1100等の純アルミニウム系、JISA6063等のアルミニウムに、マグネシウム、珪素を含有したアルミニウム合金等が用いられる。形状等は特に限らず、板、管、等の押出形材を用いることができる。アルミニウム材には脱脂等の前処理をすることが好ましい。
【0007】
第1工程において、酸浴には、硫酸、シュウ酸、またはこれらの混酸水溶液が使用されるが、酸として硫酸を用いた場合には、硫酸水溶液の濃度は10〜300g/L(リットル)、浴温5〜30度が好ましい。
【0008】
印加電力は、正負の極性が交互に変換する波形の電流を印加するが、係る電流は、商用交流電流、矩形波、直流及び交直重畳電流を用いることができる。電圧は、交流10〜30Vが好ましい。電力の印加時間は、60分以内が好ましく、表面に形成する膜厚に応じて調整する。また、得られる色調を淡色にしたい場合には、交流電力の印加時間を短縮し、その後直流電力を印加してもよい。
【0009】
第2工程は、アルミニウム表面の酸化皮膜を改質するものであり、酸浴としては、リン酸浴を用いる場合、リン酸浴のリン酸濃度は、50〜200g/Lが好ましく、浴温は10〜30℃が好ましい。かかる濃度や温度は第1工程で得た被処理体の皮膜状態に応じて調整することが望ましく、第1工程の処理後に表面皮膜に欠陥が発生しているばあいには、それに応じて濃度や温度を変えることが好ましい。
【0010】
この第2工程の後には、必ずしも必要でないが、水和処理を施す水和工程を備えることが好ましい。この水和工程では、皮膜を水和して安定化する。この処理をおこなうことで、着色の際の過剰な電析を低減し、粉吹きを低減する。温浴の温度は、60〜100℃が好ましく、浸漬時間は、数秒〜10分が好ましいが、浸漬時間が長過ぎると次の第4工程での金属の析出ができにくくなるため、高い温度で且つ短時間でおこなうことが好ましい。
【0011】
第3工程の金属塩は、ニッケル塩のほかに、他の金属塩を含むものであってもよい。この第3工程では慣用の電解着色と同じ工程をおこなうものであり、慣用の着色浴槽が使用でき、濃度や時間、電力の印加は慣用の方法でおこなうことができる。
【0012】
第4工程は、第3工程で着色した色を変化させる。この第4工程では、ダークグレーからダークブラウンに至る所望の色を得るために、浸漬時間を調整しながらおこなう。温浴の温度は、60〜100℃が好ましく、浸漬時間は数十秒〜40分が好ましいが、所望の色に応じて浸漬時間を調整する。尚、浸漬時間が長い方がダークブラウン系になる。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明の実施例を説明する。
【0014】
前処理では、アルミニウム合金A6063S―T5(JIS)の押し出し形材をリン酸系界面活性剤2%を含む45℃の水溶液中に6分間浸漬し、脱脂処理をおこなった。その後、形材を水洗いし、水酸化ナトリウム50g/Lを含む55℃の水溶液中に7分間浸漬し、エッチング処理をおこなった後、十分に水洗した。
【0015】
第1工程では、硫酸130g/L、20℃の水溶液中で対極をカーボンとして、商用交流13V(実行値)で25分間、定電圧電解処理をおこなった。その後、硫酸130g/Lを含んだ20℃の水溶液中で形材を陽極とし、100A/m2 で15分間通電した。
【0016】
第2工程では、形材を十分に水洗し、亜リン酸150g/L、シュウ酸5g/Lを含み、温度20℃の浴中で、形材を陽極とし、直流12Vで3分間電解をおこなった。
【0017】
続く水和工程では、形材を十分に洗浄し、界面活性剤0.25v/v%を含む約95℃の水溶液中に1分間浸漬して水和処理をおこなった。
【0018】
第3工程では、硫酸ニッケル6水和物(NiSO4 ・6H2O)を110g/L、スルファミン酸20g/L、酒石酸5g/Lを含み、アンモニア水でPH5.0に調整した20℃の水溶液中で形材に、図1に示す電圧波形で1分間電力を印加した。
【0019】
第4工程では、形材を水洗いし、75℃の温水中で1分間浸漬する水和処理をおこない、着色形材を得た。
【0020】
この実施例で得られた着色形材の色は、ダークグレーであり、ミノルタ製色彩色差計CR―300((d−0)2D65光源)により測定したところ測定値は、L* ;50.35、a* ;0.56、b* ;2.38であった。
また、この着色形材の色は、干渉が少なく、どの方向からみてもダークグレーとして認められた。尚、粉吹きもほとんど見られなかった。
【0021】
次に、本発明の第2乃至第8実施例を説明するが、第2乃至4の実施例は、第4工程において温水に浸漬する時間を種々変化させたものであり、第5乃至8実施例では、第4工程の温水として界面活性剤を添加した水溶液(本明細書において「P3水溶液」という)を用い、浸漬する時間を種々変化させた。尚、P3水溶液は、界面活性剤0.25v/v%を含む95℃以上の水溶液である。その他の条件は上述した第1実施例と同じである。
【0022】
第2乃至第8実施例で得られた着色形材をミノルタ製色彩色差計CR―300((d−0)2D65光源)により測定した測定値を、第1実施例とともに下記の表1及び表2に示す。尚、表1は、第4工程で浸漬する液が温水の場合であり、表2は、P3水溶液の場合である。
【0023】
【表1】
【0024】
【表2】
【0025】
これらの表から明らかなように、浸漬時間が長い方がL*値が低く、よりブラウン系の色を得ることができた。
【0026】
第2実施例は、第1実施例よりもブラウンがかった色のダークグレーであり、第3、第4実施例の如く、浸漬時間を長くするに従って、次第にブラウン系の色になり、第3及び第4実施例では、色はダークブラウンと認められた。このことは、表1に示すL*値が第1実施例から第4実施例に従って、即ち、浸漬時間が長くなるに従って、次第に低くなることからも明らかである。
【0027】
第5乃至第8実施例のP3溶液では、第1乃至第4実施例の湯洗の場合よりも着色の反応が早く、早い時間でダークブラウン色になった。即ち、第5実施例は、第1実施例よりもブラウンがかったダークグレーであり、第6、第7実施例の如く、浸漬時間を長くするに従って、次第にブラウン系の色になり、第7及び第8実施例では、色はダークブラウンと認められた。しかも、表2に示すL*値からも明らかなように、表1に示す第2実施例では湯洗時間が20分でL*値が48.47であったが、表2に示す第5実施例、即ち、P3水溶液の場合には、浸漬時間4分でL*値が48.43であり、第5実施例では第2実施例よりも早い時間で同様な色を得ることができた。従って、P3水溶液の場合には早い時間でダークブラウン色を得ることができる。尚、これらの実施例では、第1実施例と同様に干渉が少なく、どの方向からみても一様な色であった。
【0028】
【発明の効果】
請求項1に記載の発明によれば、アルミニウム及びアルミニウム合金材を着色する場合に、ダークグレーからダークブラウンに至るまでの色の調整が一つの槽でできた。
【0029】
請求項2に記載の発明によれば、請求項1に記載の効果を備えるとともに、過剰な電析による、粉吹きを低減する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施例で印加される電圧波形を示す図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electrolytic coloring method for aluminum and aluminum alloys, and more particularly to an electrolytic coloring method capable of industrially obtaining colors from dark gray to dark brown.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, it is known that after anodizing aluminum and an aluminum alloy (hereinafter simply referred to as “aluminum”) material, the surface is colored by electrolytic treatment in an electrolytic solution containing a metal salt.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in conventional electrolytic coloring of aluminum materials, colors based on dark gray, dark brown, etc. are obtained, but the colors obtained by electrolytic coloring are limited, and from dark gray to dark brown using the same tank There was no way to adjust the color until.
[0004]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an electrolytic coloring method for aluminum and aluminum alloy, which can adjust the color of aluminum and aluminum alloy material from dark gray to dark brown in one tank.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention provides an anodized film by applying an alternating current or a waveform current in which positive and negative polarities are alternately changed in an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, oxalic acid, or a mixed acid thereof using aluminum and an aluminum alloy material as poles. A first step of producing a substrate, and an object to be treated obtained in the first step as an electrode, an organic acid containing -OH group or COOH group that gives structural change to the micropores of the oxide film of the object to be treated, orthophosphoric acid, A second step of electrolytic treatment in a bath mainly composed of one or more of pyrophosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, chromic acid, sulfuric acid amide, sulfuric acid or salts thereof, and the treatment obtained in the second step Applying a direct current in a solution containing nickel salt with the body as a cathode , or using the object to be treated obtained in the second step as a pole, the waveform of alternating positive and negative polarities in the solution containing nickel salt Third to apply current And degree, the target object obtained in the third step soaked in hot water, characterized in that it comprises a fourth step of changing the color by immersion time.
[0006]
As the aluminum material, a pure aluminum material such as JISA1100, an aluminum alloy containing magnesium or silicon in aluminum such as JISA6063, or the like is used. The shape or the like is not particularly limited, and an extruded shape such as a plate or a tube can be used. The aluminum material is preferably pretreated such as degreasing.
[0007]
In the first step, sulfuric acid, oxalic acid, or a mixed acid aqueous solution thereof is used for the acid bath. When sulfuric acid is used as the acid, the concentration of the sulfuric acid aqueous solution is 10 to 300 g / L (liter), A bath temperature of 5 to 30 degrees is preferable.
[0008]
As the applied power, a current having a waveform in which positive and negative polarities are alternately converted is applied. As the current, a commercial alternating current, a rectangular wave, a direct current, and an AC / DC superimposed current can be used. The voltage is preferably 10 to 30 V AC. The power application time is preferably within 60 minutes, and is adjusted according to the film thickness formed on the surface. Moreover, when it is desired to make the obtained color tone light, the application time of AC power may be shortened and then DC power may be applied.
[0009]
In the second step, the oxide film on the aluminum surface is modified. When the phosphoric acid bath is used as the acid bath, the phosphoric acid concentration in the phosphoric acid bath is preferably 50 to 200 g / L, and the bath temperature is 10-30 degreeC is preferable. It is desirable to adjust the concentration and temperature in accordance with the film state of the object to be processed obtained in the first step. If a defect occurs on the surface film after the treatment in the first step, the concentration is adjusted accordingly. It is preferable to change the temperature.
[0010]
Although not necessarily required after the second step, it is preferable to provide a hydration step for performing a hydration treatment. In this hydration step, the film is hydrated and stabilized. By performing this treatment, excessive electrodeposition during coloring is reduced, and powder blowing is reduced. The temperature of the warm bath is preferably 60 to 100 ° C., and the immersion time is preferably several seconds to 10 minutes. However, if the immersion time is too long, it becomes difficult to deposit the metal in the next fourth step. It is preferable to carry out in a short time.
[0011]
The metal salt in the third step may contain other metal salt in addition to the nickel salt. In this third step, the same step as the conventional electrolytic coloring is performed, a conventional coloring bath can be used, and application of concentration, time, and power can be performed by a conventional method.
[0012]
In the fourth step, the color colored in the third step is changed. In the fourth step, the immersion time is adjusted to obtain a desired color from dark gray to dark brown. The temperature of the warm bath is preferably 60 to 100 ° C., and the immersion time is preferably several tens of seconds to 40 minutes, but the immersion time is adjusted according to the desired color. The longer the immersion time is, the dark brown type.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Examples of the present invention will be described below.
[0014]
In the pretreatment, the extruded shape of aluminum alloy A6063S-T5 (JIS) was dipped in a 45 ° C. aqueous solution containing 2% of a phosphoric acid surfactant for 6 minutes to perform a degreasing treatment. Thereafter, the shape material was washed with water, immersed in an aqueous solution at 55 ° C. containing 50 g / L of sodium hydroxide for 7 minutes, etched, and then sufficiently washed with water.
[0015]
In the first step, a constant voltage electrolysis treatment was performed for 25 minutes at a commercial AC of 13 V (running value) using carbon as a counter electrode in an aqueous solution of 130 g / L sulfuric acid and 20 ° C. Then, the shape was used as an anode in a 20 ° C. aqueous solution containing 130 g / L of sulfuric acid, and energized at 100 A / m 2 for 15 minutes.
[0016]
In the second step, the shape material is thoroughly washed with water, and contains 150 g / L of phosphorous acid and 5 g / L of oxalic acid. In a bath at a temperature of 20 ° C., the shape material is used as an anode and electrolysis is performed at 12 V DC for 3 minutes. It was.
[0017]
In the subsequent hydration step, the shape material was sufficiently washed and immersed in an aqueous solution at about 95 ° C. containing 0.25 v / v% of a surfactant for 1 minute for hydration.
[0018]
In the third step, 20 ° C. aqueous solution containing 110 g / L of nickel sulfate hexahydrate (NiSO 4 .6H 2 O), 20 g / L of sulfamic acid, and 5 g / L of tartaric acid, adjusted to pH 5.0 with aqueous ammonia. Among them, power was applied to the shape member for 1 minute with the voltage waveform shown in FIG.
[0019]
In the fourth step, the shape was washed with water and hydrated by immersion in warm water at 75 ° C. for 1 minute to obtain a colored shape.
[0020]
The color of the colored profile obtained in this example is dark gray, and when measured with a Minolta color difference meter CR-300 ((d-0) 2 D 65 light source), the measured value is L * ; 35, a * ; 0.56, b * ; 2.38.
In addition, the color of the colored profile was observed as dark gray from any direction with little interference. In addition, powder blowing was hardly seen.
[0021]
Next, second to eighth embodiments of the present invention will be described. In the second to fourth embodiments, the time of immersion in warm water in the fourth step is variously changed, and the fifth to eighth embodiments are described. In the example, an aqueous solution (hereinafter referred to as “P3 aqueous solution”) to which a surfactant was added as the warm water in the fourth step was used, and the immersion time was variously changed. In addition, P3 aqueous solution is 95 degreeC or more aqueous solution containing surfactant 0.25v / v%. Other conditions are the same as in the first embodiment.
[0022]
The measured values obtained by measuring the colored shapes obtained in the second to eighth examples with a Minolta color difference meter CR-300 ((d-0) 2 D 65 light source) are shown in Table 1 below together with the first example. And in Table 2. Table 1 shows the case where the liquid immersed in the fourth step is hot water, and Table 2 shows the case of the P3 aqueous solution.
[0023]
[Table 1]
[0024]
[Table 2]
[0025]
As is apparent from these tables, the longer the immersion time, the lower the L * value, and a more brownish color could be obtained.
[0026]
The second embodiment is a dark gray with a brownish color than the first embodiment. As in the third and fourth embodiments, as the immersion time is increased, the color gradually becomes a brown color. In four examples, the color was recognized as dark brown. This is also clear from the fact that the L * values shown in Table 1 gradually decrease according to the first to fourth embodiments, that is, as the immersion time increases.
[0027]
In the P3 solutions of the fifth to eighth examples, the coloring reaction was faster than in the case of the hot water washing of the first to fourth examples, and a dark brown color was obtained in an early time. That is, the fifth embodiment is dark gray with a brownish color than the first embodiment. As the sixth and seventh embodiments, the brown color is gradually increased as the immersion time is increased. In 8 examples, the color was recognized as dark brown. Moreover, as apparent from the L * values shown in Table 2, in the second example shown in Table 1, the hot water washing time was 20 minutes and the L * value was 48.47. In the case of the example, that is, the P3 aqueous solution, the L * value was 48.43 after the immersion time of 4 minutes. In the fifth example, a similar color could be obtained in a time earlier than that of the second example. . Therefore, in the case of P3 aqueous solution, a dark brown color can be obtained in an early time. In these examples, there was little interference as in the first example, and the color was uniform from any direction.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, when aluminum and aluminum alloy material are colored, the color adjustment from dark gray to dark brown can be made in one tank.
[0029]
According to invention of Claim 2, while providing the effect of Claim 1, powder blowing by excessive electrodeposition is reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing voltage waveforms applied in an embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (2)
第1工程で得た被処理体を極として、被処理体の酸化皮膜の微細孔に構造的変化を与える−OH基もしくはCOOH基を含む有機酸、オルトリン酸、ピロリン酸、亜リン酸、クロム酸、硫酸アミド、硫酸またはこれらの塩のうち1種または2種以上を主体とした浴中で、電解処理する第2工程と、
第2工程で得た被処理体を陰極として、ニッケル塩を含む溶液中で直流の電流を印加する、または第2工程で得た被処理体を極として、ニッケル塩を含む溶液中で正負の極性が交互に変換する波形の電流を印加する第3工程と、
第3工程で得た被処理体を温水に浸し、浸漬時間によって色を変化させる第4工程とを備えることを特徴とするアルミニウム及びアルミニウム合金の電解着色方法。In an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, oxalic acid, or a mixed acid thereof, aluminum and an aluminum alloy material are used as poles, and an alternating current or a current having a waveform in which positive and negative polarities are alternately changed is applied to generate an anodic oxide film. 1 process,
An organic acid, orthophosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, chromium containing —OH group or COOH group that gives structural changes to the fine pores of the oxide film of the treated object with the treated object obtained in the first step as the pole. A second step of electrolytic treatment in a bath mainly composed of one or more of acid, sulfuric amide, sulfuric acid or salts thereof;
Applying a direct current in a solution containing nickel salt using the object to be processed obtained in the second step as a cathode , or positive and negative in a solution containing nickel salt using the object to be processed obtained in the second step as a pole A third step of applying a current of a waveform whose polarity is alternately converted;
A method for electrolytically coloring aluminum and an aluminum alloy, comprising: a fourth step of immersing the object to be processed obtained in the third step in warm water and changing the color depending on the immersion time.
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JP26984598A JP3633307B2 (en) | 1998-09-24 | 1998-09-24 | Method for electrolytic coloring of aluminum and aluminum alloys |
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JP26984598A JP3633307B2 (en) | 1998-09-24 | 1998-09-24 | Method for electrolytic coloring of aluminum and aluminum alloys |
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