JP3633206B2 - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a reflective liquid crystal display device provided with a color filter.
[0002]
[Prior art]
There are two types of liquid crystal display devices: a transmissive type that displays using light from a backlight, and a reflective type that displays using external light such as natural light and indoor illumination light. In the display device, a light reflecting member for reflecting external light incident from the front surface of the display device and emitting it to the front surface of the device is provided on the rear surface side.
[0003]
In general, the liquid crystal display device uses a TN (twisted nematic) system in which the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer are twist-aligned with a predetermined twist angle between both substrates. Polarizing plates are arranged on the outer surface of one substrate and the outer surface of the other substrate, respectively, with their transmission axes directed in a predetermined direction.
[0004]
In addition, there are various types of liquid crystal display devices such as an active matrix method and a simple matrix method. For example, an active matrix type liquid crystal display device is one of a pair of substrates facing each other across a liquid crystal layer. A plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions of the screen and a plurality of active elements respectively connected to these pixel electrodes are provided on the inner surface of the substrate, and the plurality of pixel electrodes are provided on the inner surface of the other substrate. And a plurality of pixel regions in which the plurality of pixel electrodes and the counter electrodes face each other are arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions of the screen.
[0005]
Furthermore, there are a liquid crystal display device that displays a monochrome image and a color image display device. Generally, a liquid crystal display device that displays a color image is one of the pair of substrates. A plurality of color filters are provided on the inner surface so as to correspond to the respective pixel regions.
[0006]
That is, in the case of a liquid crystal display device that displays a multicolor image such as a full-color image, a color filter of a plurality of colors formed on the inner surface of one of the substrates so as to cover the pixel region, for example, red, Three color filters of green and blue are alternately arranged so that each color filter corresponds to a different pixel area.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in a liquid crystal display device having a conventional color filter, light transmitted through the pixel region is incident on the color filter, and light other than a specific wavelength region in the visible light band is absorbed by the color filter. Since only the light in the region passes through the color filter and becomes colored light of this color filter, the intensity of the colored light that is emitted is very weak relative to the intensity of the incident light, and a bright screen cannot be obtained Have
[0008]
In the case of a transmissive display device, this problem can be improved to some extent by increasing the brightness of the backlight. However, in the case of a reflective liquid crystal display device that uses external light to display, the problem can be solved from the front of the device. Since the incident light passes through the color filter twice before being reflected by the reflecting member on the rear surface side and emitted to the front surface of the apparatus, the attenuation of the light is large and the screen becomes considerably dark.
[0009]
The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device including a color filter that can display a color image with sufficient brightness even if it is a reflective display device that displays using external light. It is intended.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, a reflective member is provided on the rear surface side, and a plurality of first electrodes provided on the inner surface of one of the pair of front and rear substrates facing each other across the liquid crystal layer and the inner surface of the other substrate are provided. In a reflective liquid crystal display device in which a plurality of pixel regions opposed to each other at least one second electrode are arranged in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the screen,The plurality of pixel regions are arranged with a 1.5 pitch shift from each other for each row arranged in the horizontal direction of the screen,A color filter of a plurality of colors having an area smaller than the area of the pixel region corresponding to each pixel region on the inner surface of one of the pair of substratesHowever, each of the plurality of pixel regions is separated into at least two in the left-right direction, and each separated color filter isIn the vertical direction of the screenOn a substantially straight line for each pixel area to be placedThe regions that are arranged along and that do not correspond to the color filter of each pixel region,A plurality of pixel regions arranged in the vertical direction of the screen are formed on a substantially straight line,Without coloring the light incident from the front of the apparatus, reflected by the reflecting member and emitted to the front of the apparatusNon-colored light exit area to be transmittedIt is characterized by forming.
[0011]
According to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the color filter corresponding to each pixel region is formed in an area smaller than the area of the pixel region, and the region not corresponding to the color filter of each pixel region is formed from the front of the device. Since it is a non-colored light emitting region that transmits incident light that is reflected by the reflecting member on the rear surface side and emitted to the front surface of the device without coloring, it is incident on each pixel region from the front surface of the device and is reflected by the reflecting member on the rear surface side. Of the light that is reflected and emitted to the front of the device, only the light that passes through the region corresponding to the color filter is colored by absorbing the light in the absorption wavelength region by the color filter, and the color filter in the pixel region Light that passes through a non-colored light emitting region that does not correspond is transmitted as uncolored light without being absorbed by the color filter, and is high in the uncolored light and the colored light. Every color pixels are displayed.
[0012]
In addition, a reflective liquid crystal display device usually selects the screen orientation so that more external light enters from an obliquely upper side of the screen (a direction inclined to the upper edge side of the screen with respect to a direction perpendicular to the front surface of the device). However, in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the non-colored light emitting area of each pixel area is in the vertical direction of the screen, that is, the main light of the outside light. This is a vertically long region along the incident direction. Therefore, light that is incident on the non-colored light emitting region obliquely from above the screen, is reflected by the reflecting member on the rear surface side, and is emitted from the non-colored light emitting region to the front of the apparatus. Is high-luminance uncolored light that is not absorbed by the color filter in its transmission path.
Therefore, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a reflective type that displays using external light, but can display a color image with sufficient brightness.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, as described above, the color filter corresponding to each pixel region is formed in an area smaller than the area of the pixel region, and the region where the color filter of each pixel region does not correspond, By forming a non-colored light emitting area of a vertically long shape along the vertical direction of the screen that transmits light that is incident from the front of the apparatus and reflected by the reflecting member on the rear surface side and emitted to the front of the apparatus without being colored, external light This is a reflection type display that uses the image, but can display a color image with sufficient brightness.
[0014]
In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the non-colored light emission region is formed over the entire vertical length of the pixel region.BecauseSince the light incident on the non-colored light emitting area from obliquely above the screen is efficiently emitted from the non-colored light emitting area, the screen can be brightened.
[0015]
In the liquid crystal display device, the color filter corresponding to each pixel region is divided into a plurality of parts at least in the left-right direction of the screen, and these divided filters are provided at intervals, and the region between them is defined as the pixel. A non-colored light emission region over the entire vertical length of the region;BecauseThe brightness of the color pixels displayed in each pixel area can be further increased and the screen can be further brightened.
[0016]
Further, the non-colored light emitting area of each pixel area arranged in the vertical direction of the screenTheFormed in a straight line along the vertical directionBecauseThe light incident on the non-colored light emitting region can be emitted from the non-colored light emitting region with higher efficiency, thereby further brightening the screen.
[0017]
In that case, it is most desirable to form the non-colored light emission regions of all the pixel regions arranged in the vertical direction of the screen so that they are arranged in a straight line along the vertical direction. Even if the regions are formed so as to be linearly arranged in the vertical direction, it is sufficiently effective.
[0018]
Furthermore, in the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, a light display region in which light incident from the front surface of the device is reflected by the reflecting member and emitted to the front surface of the device is formed between the adjacent pixel regions.By doingThe portion between the pixel regions can be brightened, and the screen can be further brightened.
[0019]
【Example】
1 to 5 areFirst reference example1 is a front view of a part of the liquid crystal display device, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. thisReference exampleThe liquid crystal display device is an active matrix type using TFT (thin film transistor) as an active element, and a pair of front and rear substrates (transparent substrates made of glass or the like) 1 and 2 facing each other across the liquid crystal layer LC, A plurality of transparent pixel electrodes 3 are provided on the inner surface of the rear substrate 2 so as to be arranged in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction in FIG. 1) and vertical direction (vertical direction in FIG. 1) of the screen. Active elements (hereinafter referred to as TFTs) 4 corresponding to the electrodes 3 are provided.
[0020]
In FIG. 1, the electrode (R) is a pixel electrode for displaying a red pixel, the electrode (G) is a pixel electrode for displaying a green pixel, and the electrode (B) is a pixel for displaying a blue pixel. In the horizontal direction of the screen, pixel electrodes 3 for displaying red, green, and blue pixels are alternately arranged in a straight line, and pixels of the same color are displayed in the vertical direction of the screen. Pixel electrodes 3 for this purpose are arranged in a straight line.
[0021]
The TFT 4 includes a gate electrode 5 formed on the rear substrate 2, a gate insulating film 6 covering the gate electrode 5, and an i formed on the gate insulating film 6 so as to face the gate electrode 5. And a source electrode 8 and a drain electrode 9 formed on both sides of the i-type semiconductor film 7 via an n-type semiconductor film (not shown).
[0022]
Further, on the rear substrate 2, gate lines 10 for supplying gate signals to the TFTs 4 in each row are wired along one side of each pixel electrode row along the horizontal direction of the screen. Each gate electrode 5 of the TFT 4 in each row is formed integrally with the gate line 10 corresponding to that row.
[0023]
Note that the gate insulating film (transparent film) 6 of the TFT 4 is formed over almost the entire surface of the substrate 2, and the gate line 10 is covered with the gate insulating film 6 except for the terminal portion.
[0024]
On the gate insulating film 6, a data line 11 for supplying a data signal to each TFT 4 in each column is wired along one side of each pixel electrode column along the vertical direction of the screen. The drain electrodes 9 of the TFTs 4 in each column are connected to the data lines 11 corresponding to that column.
[0025]
In addition, thisFirst reference exampleThe data line 11 is wired on the gate insulating film 6 and the drain electrode 9 of the TFT 4 in each column is formed integrally with the data line 11 corresponding to the column. The data line 11 includes the TFT 4 May be covered with an insulating film, wired on the insulating film, and connected to the drain electrode 9 of the TFT 4 in a contact hole provided in the insulating film.
[0026]
The pixel electrode 3 is formed on the gate insulating film 6, and the pixel electrode 3 is connected to the source electrode 9 of the corresponding TFT 4 at the end of one side edge.
[0027]
Further, on the rear substrate 2, a compensation capacitor forming electrode (hereinafter referred to as a capacitor forming electrode) corresponding to each pixel electrode row and facing each pixel electrode 3 in the row with the gate insulating film 6 therebetween. Compensation capacitance (storage capacitor) for compensating for fluctuations in the potential of the pixel electrode 3 during the non-selection period by the capacitance forming electrode 12, the pixel electrode 3, and the gate insulating film 6 therebetween. Is formed.
[0028]
The pixel electrode 3 is a vertically long rectangular electrode having a slightly larger vertical width than the horizontal width, and the capacitor forming electrode 12 is formed from an edge of the pixel electrode 3 opposite to the TFT connection side. It is formed in parallel with the gate line 10 so as to face a portion slightly shifted to the inner side of the pixel electrode.
[0029]
The gate line 10 and the capacitance forming electrode 12 are formed of a metal film (for example, an aluminum alloy) having a low resistance and a high light reflectance, and the data line 11 is also a metal film having a low resistance and a high reflectance. Is formed.
[0030]
The surface of the gate line 10 and the capacitance forming electrode 12 is anodized in order to increase the withstand voltage between the pixel electrode 3 and the data line 11 formed on the gate insulating film 6. Although not shown in the figure, the gate line 10 and the capacitance forming electrode 12 are covered with a transparent oxide film generated by anodic oxidation.
[0031]
Further, a transparent overcoat insulating film 13 is provided on the inner surface of the rear substrate 2 so as to cover the peripheral edges of the TFT 4 and the data line 11 and the pixel electrode 3, and an alignment film 14 is formed thereon. Yes.
[0032]
On the other hand, on the inner surface of the front substrate 1, three color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B of red, green, and blue are provided in the row direction and the column direction so as to correspond to the pixel electrodes 3 of the rear substrate 2, respectively. The pixel electrodes 3 are arranged alternately and are opposed to all of the pixel electrodes 3 on a transparent protective film (insulating film) 16 formed so as to cover the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B. At least one transparent counter electrode 17 that forms the pixel region A is provided by a portion facing each other, and an alignment film 18 is formed thereon.
[0033]
The front substrate 1 and the rear substrate 2 are joined together via a frame-shaped sealing material (not shown), and a region surrounded by the sealing material between the substrates 1 and 2 is filled with liquid crystal. .
[0034]
The alignment films 14 and 18 provided on the inner surfaces of the pair of substrates 1 and 2 are each subjected to an alignment process by rubbing the film surfaces in a predetermined direction. The alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules in the vicinity of the substrates 1 and 2 are regulated by the alignment film 14 of the rear substrate 2 and the alignment film 18 of the front substrate 1, and a predetermined twist angle ( For example, twist orientation is almost 90 °.
[0035]
Further, polarizing plates 21 and 22 are disposed on the outer surfaces of the pair of substrates 1 and 2, respectively, and these polarizing plates 21 and 22 are provided with their transmission axes directed in a predetermined direction. And
In this liquid crystal display device, the display in a state where an electric field is not applied to the liquid crystal layer LC (a state in which liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the initial twist alignment state) is a bright display, and the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer LC is As the liquid crystal molecules rise and align with respect to the surfaces of the substrates 1 and 2, the light emission rate decreases and the display becomes darker. For example, the liquid crystal molecules are displayed in a so-called normally white mode. When the twist angle is approximately 90 °, the polarizing plates 21 and 22 are provided with their transmission axes substantially orthogonal to each other.
[0036]
Further, behind the polarizing plate 22 on the rear surface side, a scattering reflection plate 23 is disposed as a reflecting member for reflecting light that has entered the liquid crystal display device from the front surface side and transmitted through the liquid crystal layer LC.
[0037]
And thisFirst reference exampleIn the liquid crystal display device, color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B provided on the inner surface of the front substrate 1 so as to correspond to the respective pixel regions A are formed in the following sizes and shapes.
[0038]
FIG. 3 is a shape diagram of the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B for the respective colors corresponding to the pixel regions A, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 3, each of the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B for each color is a filter having a size smaller than the area of the pixel region A where the pixel electrode 3 and the counter electrode 18 face each other. A region outside the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B in the region A is a non-colored light emitting region that transmits light that is incident from the front surface of the device, reflected by the scattering reflector 23 on the rear surface side, and emitted to the front surface of the device without being colored. It is a.
[0039]
Of the light incident on each pixel region A from the front of the device, the light incident on the compensation capacitor portion is blocked by the capacitor forming electrode 12 and does not enter the reflecting plate 23. However, the capacitor forming electrode 12 has a high reflectance. Therefore, the light incident on the compensation capacitor portion is reflected by the capacitor forming electrode 12.
[0040]
Each of the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B for each color is an inner region excluding the peripheral portion of each pixel region A (thisFirst reference exampleIn FIG. 5, the pixel region A is provided opposite to the above-described compensation capacitor portion (region on the TFT connection side), and the peripheral portion of each pixel region A is a non-colored light emitting region a over the entire periphery.
[0041]
Further, the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B of the respective colors are formed in a vertically long rectangular shape along the vertical direction of the screen as shown in FIG. 1, and accordingly, the colored light emitting areas on both sides of each pixel area A are formed. a is a vertically long region extending over the entire length of the pixel region A in the vertical direction.
[0042]
And among the non-colored light emitting areas a of the pixel areas A, the vertically long areas on both sides are formed so as to be linearly arranged along the vertical direction over all the pixel areas A aligned in the vertical direction of the screen. ing.
[0043]
Further, this liquid crystal display device performs display in a normally white mode as described above, and a region between adjacent pixel regions A, that is, a state where liquid crystal molecules are always aligned in an initial twist alignment state. The electric field non-application region in FIG. 3 is a bright display region W in which light incident from the front surface of the device is reflected by the scattering reflector 23 or the gate line 10, the data line 11, and the capacitance forming electrode 12 and is emitted to the front surface of the device. .
[0044]
That is, since the gate line 10 and the data line 11 provided on the inner surface of the rear substrate 2 pass through the bright display area W, and the capacitance forming electrode 12 also crosses the bright display area W, the device Of the light incident on the bright display area W from the front, the light incident on the portion where the gate line 10 and the data line 11 and the capacitance forming electrode 12 pass does not enter the reflector 23, but the gate line 10 and the data line 11 and the capacitance forming electrode 12 are formed of a highly reflective metal film, so that light incident on these portions is also reflected.
[0045]
This liquid crystal display device performs reflection type display using outside light, and light incident from the front of the device passes through the front polarizing plate 21 and becomes linearly polarized light, and the light is transmitted to the liquid crystal layer LC and the back. The light is sequentially transmitted through the side polarizing plate 22 and is reflected by the scattering reflector 23 or the gate line 10 and the data line 11 and the capacitance forming electrode 12, and is sequentially transmitted through the rear polarizing plate 22, the liquid crystal layer LC, and the front polarizing plate 21. Then, the light is emitted to the front of the device.
[0046]
Of the light incident on each pixel area A from the front of the apparatus, the light transmitted through the inner area excluding the peripheral edge of the pixel area A is incident on the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B corresponding to the pixel area A. The color filter absorbs light in the absorption wavelength range and colors the color filter, and the colored light is reflected and emitted to the front of the apparatus. The intensity of the colored emitted light changes according to the rising alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules according to the applied electric field in each pixel region A.
[0047]
Of the light incident on each pixel region A, the light incident on the peripheral portion of the pixel region A, that is, the non-colored light emitting region a outside the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B passes through the color filter. Without being colored (white light), and is reflected to the front of the apparatus. The intensity of the uncolored emitted light also changes according to the rising alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules according to the applied electric field in each pixel region A.
[0048]
Further, the light incident on the bright display area W between the adjacent pixel areas A is reflected as uncolored light (white light) and emitted to the front surface of the apparatus. The non-colored light emitted from the bright display region W is always high intensity light because the liquid crystal molecules in the bright display region W are always in the initial twist alignment state.
[0049]
According to this liquid crystal display device, the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B of the respective colors are smaller than the area of the pixel region A. Therefore, in all the pixel regions A, the light is incident from the front of the device and reflected by the scattering reflector 23 on the rear surface side. Of the light emitted to the front of the apparatus, only the light that passes through the region corresponding to the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B is colored by absorbing the light in the absorption wavelength region by the color filter, and the pixel region The light that passes through the non-colored light emission region a outside the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B of A is not absorbed by the color filter but is transmitted as high-color non-colored light. A high-luminance color pixel is displayed with the colored light.
[0050]
Note that the color pixel includes colored light of red, green, or blue, which is emitted light from the region corresponding to the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B of each pixel region A, and the peripheral portion of the pixel region A. The non-colored light emitting area a is displayed with high-luminance uncolored light (white light), but the pixel is colored by the color of the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B to the human eye. It appears as one color pixel.
[0051]
In addition, a reflective liquid crystal display device usually selects the screen orientation so that more external light enters from an obliquely upper side of the screen (a direction inclined to the upper edge side of the screen with respect to a direction perpendicular to the front surface of the device). Used in.
[0052]
Therefore, outside light is incident mainly from an obliquely upper part of the screen as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 3. In the liquid crystal display device, the uncolored light emitting areas a on both sides of each pixel area A are provided. Since it is a vertically long area along the vertical direction of the screen, that is, the main incident direction of external light, it enters the non-colored light emitting area a on both sides of the pixel area A from the diagonally upper side of the screen, and is reflected by the reflecting member on the rear side The light reflected and emitted from the non-colored light emission region a to the front of the apparatus is high-intensity non-colored light that is not absorbed by the color filter in the transmission path.
[0053]
4 and 5 show a transmission path of external light incident obliquely from above the screen. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3, and FIG. It is an expanded sectional view which follows a V line. 4 and 5, among the electrodes, color filters, insulating films, and the like provided on the inner surfaces of both substrates 1 and 2, the pixel electrode 3 provided on the rear substrate 2 and the front substrate are shown for easy viewing. Only the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B (green filter 15G in FIG. 4) provided in FIG.
[0054]
First, the transmission path shown in FIG. 4 will be described. On the line IV-IV in FIG. 3, that is, on the line along the vertical direction of the screen and passing through the center of the pixel region A, the transmission paths are arranged in the vertical direction of the screen. The central area of the pixel area A is the color filter corresponding area, the upper and lower edges are the non-colored light emitting area a, and the area between the pixel areas A is the bright display area W.
[0055]
For this reason, in FIG. 4, out of the incident external light as shown by the arrow in the figure from the diagonally upper side of the screen, the light is incident as it is with high-luminance uncolored light without being absorbed by the color filter, and the scattering reflector 23 Only the incident light from the non-colored light emission region a at the upper and lower edges of each pixel region A and the bright display region W between the pixel regions is reflected by the color filter corresponding region in each pixel region A. The incident light is absorbed by the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B and becomes colored light.
[0056]
The incident light from the uncolored light emitting area a and the bright display area W is high-intensity uncolored light that is not absorbed by the color filter until it enters the scattering reflector 23. Scattered and reflected by the scattering reflector 23, a part of the reflected light passes through the color filter corresponding region of the pixel region A, and the light in the absorption wavelength region is absorbed by the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B. It becomes colored light.
[0057]
Therefore, the amount of light emitted from the non-colored light emission region a at the upper and lower edges of the pixel region A and the bright display region W therebetween is smaller than the amount of incident light of external light to these regions.
[0058]
In addition, in FIG. 4, a part of the light scattered and reflected by the scattering reflector 23 after entering the color filter corresponding region in the pixel region A and becoming colored light as described above is the non-colored light emitting region. Since the emitted light is transmitted through a and the bright display area W, the emitted light from these areas is not completely uncolored, but is slightly colored light of the colored light.
[0059]
Next, the transmission path shown in FIG. 5 will be described. On the line VV in FIG. 3, that is, along the vertical direction of the screen and passing through both side edges of the pixel region A, the vertical direction of the screen. All the pixel areas A arranged in a row are the non-colored light emission areas a, and the area between these pixel areas A is the bright display area W. Further, the non-colored light emitting areas a on both sides of each pixel area A are arranged in a straight line over all the pixel areas A arranged in the vertical direction of the screen.
[0060]
Therefore, in FIG. 5, most of the external light incident from the diagonally upper part of the screen is incident without being absorbed by the color filter and reflected by the scattering reflector 23 as shown by the arrow in the figure. Most of the light is emitted from the non-colored light emitting area a and the bright display area W as uncolored light without being absorbed by the color filter.
[0061]
For this reason, the light that enters the uncolored light emitting area a on both sides of the pixel area A from the diagonally upper side of the screen, is reflected by the reflecting member on the rear surface side, and is emitted from the uncolored light emitting area a to the front of the device is High-luminance uncolored light that is not absorbed by the color filter in the transmission path.
[0062]
Therefore, according to the liquid crystal display device described above, high brightness non-colored light emitted from the non-colored light emitting area a on both sides of the pixel area A and colored light emitted from the color filter corresponding area of the pixel area A are high. Since luminance color pixels are displayed, it is a reflective type that displays using external light, but a color image with sufficient brightness can be displayed.
[0063]
As described above, the light emitted from the non-colored light emission region a at the upper and lower edges of the pixel region A, the light amount thereof is smaller than the incident light amount of external light, and the color filter has a colored light color. Although it is light, since the light is sufficiently bright as compared with the colored light emitted from the color filter corresponding region in the pixel region A, the light is emitted from the non-colored light emitting region a at the upper and lower edges of the pixel region A. Are also effective for displaying high-luminance color pixels.
[0064]
Also, aboveFirst reference exampleThen, since the non-colored light emitting regions a on both sides of the pixel region A are formed over the entire vertical length of the pixel region A, the light incident on the non-colored light emitting region a from the diagonally upper part of the screen is efficiently obtained. Since it radiates | emits from the non-colored light emission area | region a, a screen can be made brighter.
[0065]
And aboveFirst reference exampleIn this case, the vertically long regions a on both sides of each pixel region A are formed so as to be linearly arranged along the vertical direction over the entire pixel regions A aligned in the vertical direction of the screen. The light incident on the colored light emitting area a can be emitted from the non-colored light emitting area a with higher efficiency, thereby further brightening the screen.
[0066]
The uncolored light emitting areas a on both sides are the aboveFirst reference exampleAlthough it is most desirable to form all the pixel areas A aligned in the vertical direction on the screen as in the above, the non-colored light emitting areas of the pixel areas A in two to three rows are linearly aligned in the vertical direction. Even if it is formed so that it is lined up in a row, it is sufficiently effective.
[0067]
In addition, the aboveFirst reference exampleIn the liquid crystal display device, the light incident from the front of the device is formed in the region between the adjacent pixel regions A in the rear reflective plate 23 or the gate line 10 and the data line 11 on the inner surface of the rear substrate 2 and the capacitance forming electrode. The bright display area W is reflected by 12 and emitted to the front of the apparatus, and high-luminance uncolored light is emitted from the area along the vertical direction of the screen in the bright display area W in the horizontal direction of the screen. From the area along the line, light that is slightly colored but sufficiently brighter than colored light emitted from the color filter corresponding area in the pixel area A is emitted. The screen can be brightened and the screen can be brightened further.
[0068]
The aboveFirst reference exampleIn this example, the vertically long color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B are associated with the central portion of the pixel area A. However, the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B may be provided over the entire vertical length of the pixel area A.
[0069]
FIG. 6 and FIG.Second and third reference examplesIs a shape diagram of each color filter corresponding to each pixel region,Reference exampleIn each case, for each column of pixel regions A arranged in the vertical direction of the screen, a band-like color filter having a length over the entire length of the pixel region column is associated with each pixel region A of each pixel region A of each pixel region column. The two side portions are formed as non-colored light emitting region areas a arranged in a straight line along the vertical direction of the screen.
[0070]
Note that the second shown in FIG.Reference exampleIn the liquid crystal display device, pixel regions for displaying red, green, and blue pixels are alternately arranged in the left and right direction of the screen and arranged in a straight line, and the same color pixels are displayed in the vertical direction of the screen. The pixel regions are arranged in a straight line, and the color filters corresponding to each pixel region column are red, green, and blue single color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B that are continuous over the entire length of the pixel region column. .
[0071]
The third shown in FIG.Reference exampleIn this LCD device, pixel areas for displaying red, green, and blue pixels are arranged in a straight line alternately in the horizontal and vertical directions of the screen, and correspond to each pixel area column. Each of the color filters is a belt-like filter in which red, green, and blue color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B corresponding to each pixel area A in the pixel area column are alternately continued.
[0072]
The second and third aboveReference exampleAlso, in the area between the adjacent pixel areas A, the area other than the part through which the red, green, and blue color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B pass is defined as the bright display area W.
[0073]
In addition, the aboveReference exampleThe color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B are associated with the central portion of the pixel area A. However, the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B may be divided into a plurality of parts at least in the horizontal direction of the screen.
[0074]
FIG. 8 to FIG.Fourth to seventh reference examplesIs a shape diagram of a color filter corresponding to one pixel region,Reference exampleIs obtained by dividing the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B corresponding to each pixel region A into a plurality.
[0075]
That is, the fourth shown in FIG.Reference exampleDivides the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B (red filter 15R in the figure) corresponding to each pixel area A into two in the horizontal direction of the screen, and these divided filters are provided with an interval between them. The entire circumference of the peripheral portion and the region between the divided filters are defined as a non-colored light emitting region a. In this example, the regions on both sides of the colored light emitting region a of the peripheral portion and the divided filters are provided. The non-colored light emitting region a is a vertically long region extending over the entire length of the pixel region A in the vertical direction.
[0076]
In addition, the fifth shown in FIG.Reference exampleDivides the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B (red filter 15R in the figure) corresponding to each pixel area A into two in the horizontal direction of the screen, and both of the divided filters span at least the entire vertical length of the pixel area A. These divided filters are formed to have a length, and are provided with a space between them so that both side edge portions of the pixel region A and the regions between the divided filters are non-colored light emitting regions a. In the example, the non-colored light emitting region a on both sides of the pixel region A and the non-colored light emitting region a between the divided filters are vertically long regions extending over the entire vertical length of the pixel region A, respectively.
[0077]
Furthermore, the sixth shown in FIG.Reference exampleThe color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B (red filter 15R in the figure) corresponding to each pixel area A are divided into four divided filters in the horizontal and vertical directions of the screen, and the divided filters are spaced apart from each other. The non-colored light emitting area a is defined as the entire periphery of the peripheral area of the pixel area A and the area between the divided filters. In this example, the non-colored light emitting area a of the peripheral area is provided. The regions on both sides of the pixel region and the region along the vertical direction of the non-colored light emitting region a between the divided filters are vertically long regions extending over the entire vertical length of the pixel region A.
[0078]
In addition, the seventh shown in FIG.Reference exampleThe color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B (red filter 15R in the figure) corresponding to each pixel region A are divided into nine divided filters in the horizontal and vertical directions of the screen, and the divided filters are spaced apart from each other. The non-colored light emitting area a is defined as the entire periphery of the peripheral area of the pixel area A and the area between the divided filters. In this example, the non-colored light emitting area a of the peripheral area is provided. The two regions along the vertical direction of the non-colored light emission region a between the divided filters are vertically long regions extending over the entire length of the pixel region A in the vertical direction.
[0079]
When the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B corresponding to each pixel area A are divided in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the screen, the number of divisions is not limited to the above four divisions or nine divisions, and can be arbitrarily selected. Good.
[0080]
In addition, the first to seventhReference exampleWhen the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B corresponding to the pixel areas A are respectively divided as described above, the non-colored light emission areas a of the pixel areas A arranged in the vertical direction of the screen are at least in the vertical direction. It is desirable to arrange so that it may line up in a substantially straight line along.
[0081]
4th to 7th aboveReference exampleAs described above, the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B corresponding to the pixel areas A are each divided into a plurality of parts at least in the horizontal direction of the screen, and these divided filters are provided at intervals, and the area between them is defined as a pixel. If the non-colored light emission region a extending over the entire vertical length of the region A is used, the luminance of the color pixels displayed by each pixel region a can be further increased and the screen can be further brightened.
[0082]
FIG. 12 shows the sixth embodiment in which the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B corresponding to each pixel area A are divided into four.Reference exampleThe liquid crystal display device and the color filter 15R, 15G, 15B are not divided, and the above-mentioned firstReference exampleThe display luminance characteristic with respect to the illumination light incident angle with the liquid crystal display device is compared and shown.
[0083]
In FIG. 12, the illumination light incident angle is an angle with respect to the direction perpendicular to the screen, 0 ° is the vertical direction, − is the incident angle from the vertical direction to the 12 o'clock direction (upper edge direction of the screen), + Is an angle from the vertical direction to the 6 o'clock direction (the lower edge direction of the screen). In FIG. 12, the display brightness of [white display] is the brightness when all the red, green, and blue pixels are lit to make the entire screen white, and the display brightness of [red display] is the red pixel. This is the brightness when all the lights are on and the entire screen is red.
[0084]
As shown in FIG. 12, the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B corresponding to the pixel areas A are divided into four parts, respectively.Reference exampleIn the liquid crystal display device, the display brightness when the illumination light is incident from the 12 o'clock direction (upper edge direction of the screen), which is the main incident direction of external light, is color regardless of whether it is [white display] or [red display]. The first filter 15R, 15G, 15B is not dividedReference exampleTherefore, the brightness of the screen is improved.
[0085]
6th aboveReference exampleThe improvement rate of the screen brightness by the liquid crystal display device is, for example, the firstReference exampleThe area of the color filter in theReference exampleWhen the total area of the divided color filters with respect to the area of the pixel region A is 60% of the area of the pixel region A, the illumination light incident angle is −10 ° to −50 ° (from the vertical direction to the upper edge direction of the screen) The average value of [white display] and [red display] in the range of 10 ° to 50 °Reference exampleCompared to the above, the measured value is increased by about 15%, and the visual evaluation is increased by about 13%. Therefore, the brightness can be improved by 10% or more.
[0086]
Each of the above mentionedReference exampleThe liquid crystal display device is of a so-called lattice array type in which the pixel regions A are arranged in a straight line both in the horizontal direction and in the vertical direction of the screen, but the present invention displays pixels of each color. The pixel areas are arranged in a straight line alternately in the left-right direction, and the pixel areas for displaying the same color pixels in the up-down direction are alternately shifted in the left-right direction by about 1.5 pitches in a zigzag manner. The present invention can also be applied to a so-called mosaic arrangement type liquid crystal display device.
[0087]
13 to 17,eachIt is a shape diagram of each color filter corresponding to each pixel area,These are all the mosaic arrangement type liquid crystal display devices..
[0088]
As shown in FIG.Color filter shapeCorresponds to the vertically long color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B along the vertical direction of the screen, respectively, in the inner region excluding the peripheral portion of each pixel region A, and the peripheral portion of each pixel region A is not provided over the entire periphery. The colored light emission region a is used, and the colored light emission regions a on both sides of each pixel region A are vertically long regions extending over the entire vertical length of the pixel region A.
[0089]
The shape of the color filter shown in FIGS. 14 to 17 is an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 14 is the first embodiment, FIG. 15 is the second embodiment, FIG. 16 is the third embodiment, FIG. 17 shows a fourth embodiment.
As shown in FIG.FirstIn the embodiment, the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B corresponding to each pixel region A are each divided into two in the left-right direction of the screen, and these divided filters are provided at intervals, so that the entire circumference of the peripheral region of the pixel region A is obtained. And the region between the divided filters are defined as a non-colored light emitting region a. In this example, the regions on both sides of the non-colored light emitting region a at the peripheral portion and the non-colored light between the divided filters are used. The light emission region a is a vertically long region that extends over the entire length of the pixel region A in the vertical direction.
[0090]
This second1In this embodiment, the red, green, and blue color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B corresponding to the pixel areas A for displaying the red, green, and blue pixels arranged in a zigzag manner in the vertical direction of the screen are The divided color filter on one side of one pixel area and the divided color filter on the other side of the other pixel area are formed so as to be arranged in a substantially straight line along the vertical direction of the screen. The non-colored light emitting areas a of the pixel areas A arranged in a zigzag are arranged substantially linearly in the vertical direction.
[0091]
As shown in FIG.2In this embodiment, the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B corresponding to each pixel area A are each divided into two in the horizontal direction of the screen, and both of the divided filters are formed to have a length that extends over the entire vertical length of the pixel area A. In addition, these divided filters are provided with an interval, and both side edge portions of the pixel region A and regions between the divided filters are formed as non-colored light emission regions a. The non-colored light emitting region a on both sides of the region A and the non-colored light emitting region a between the divided filters are vertically long regions extending over the entire length of the pixel region A in the vertical direction.
[0092]
This second2In this embodiment, the red, green, and blue color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B corresponding to the pixel areas A for displaying the red, green, and blue pixels arranged in a zigzag manner in the vertical direction of the screen are The divided color filter on one side of one pixel area and the divided color filter on the other side of the other pixel area are formed so as to be linearly connected along the vertical direction of the screen, and zigzag in the vertical direction of the screen. The non-colored light emitting areas a of the pixel areas A arranged in a line are arranged substantially linearly in the vertical direction.
[0093]
The first shown in FIG.3In this embodiment, the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B corresponding to the pixel areas A are each divided into four divided filters in the horizontal and vertical directions of the screen, and the divided filters are spaced apart. The non-colored light emitting area a is defined as the entire periphery of the peripheral area of the pixel area A and the area between each of the divided filters. The regions on both sides and the region along the vertical direction of the non-colored light emitting region a between the divided filters are vertically long regions extending over the entire vertical length of the pixel region A.
[0094]
Further, the first shown in FIG.4In this embodiment, the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B corresponding to each pixel region A are each divided into nine divided filters in the horizontal and vertical directions of the screen, and the divided filters are spaced apart. The non-colored light emitting area a is defined as the entire periphery of the peripheral area of the pixel area A and the area between each of the divided filters. The regions on both sides and the two regions along the vertical direction of the non-colored light emitting region a between the divided filters are vertically long regions extending over the entire vertical length of the pixel region A.
[0095]
When the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B are divided in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the screen, the number of divisions is not limited to the above four divisions or nine divisions, and may be arbitrarily selected. It is desirable that at least the non-colored light emitting areas a of the pixel areas A arranged in the vertical direction of the screen are arranged in a substantially straight line along the vertical direction.
[0096]
Also,In the color filter shape shown in FIGS.Of the region between adjacent pixel regions A, the region other than the portion through which the red, green, and blue color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B pass is defined as the bright display region W.
[0097]
In addition, the 1st-1st mentioned above4The liquid crystal display device of this embodiment is provided with red, green, and blue color filters, but the present invention includes magenta, yellow, and cyan color filters that perform color display by subtractive color mixing. Also applicable to liquid crystal display devices.
[0098]
In the liquid crystal display device of each of the above embodiments, the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B are provided on the inner surface of the front substrate 2, but the color filters 15R, 15G, and 15B are provided on the inner surface of the rear substrate 2. May be.
[0099]
In the liquid crystal display device of each of the above embodiments, a reflection member made of a scattering reflection plate 23 is disposed behind the polarizing plate 22 on the rear surface side. The reflection member is disposed on the inner surface of the rear substrate 2. In this case, the polarizing plate may be only one polarizing plate 21 on the front side.
[0100]
Further, the present invention is not limited to the active matrix type, and a plurality of scanning electrodes extending in one direction are provided in parallel on the inner surface of one substrate, and signal electrodes extending in a direction intersecting the scanning electrode on the inner surface of the other substrate. The present invention can also be applied to a simple matrix type liquid crystal display device or the like in which a plurality of are provided in parallel to each other.
[0101]
【The invention's effect】
According to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the color filter corresponding to each pixel region is formed in an area smaller than the area of the pixel region, and the region not corresponding to the color filter of each pixel region is formed from the front of the device. Since it is a non-colored light emitting area that is vertically elongated along the vertical direction of the screen and transmits the light that is incident and reflected by the reflecting member on the rear surface side and emitted to the front of the device without coloring, it uses external light Although it is a reflection type display, a color image with sufficient brightness can be displayed.
[0102]
Further, in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, if the non-colored light emitting region is formed over the entire vertical length of the pixel region, light incident on the non-colored light emitting region from an obliquely upper part of the screen can be efficiently used. Since it radiates | emits from a light-projection area | region, a screen can be made brighter.
[0103]
Furthermore, in this liquid crystal display deviceIsEach color filter corresponding to each pixel area is divided into a plurality of parts at least in the left-right direction of the screen, and these divided filters are provided at intervals, and the area between them is uncolored light over the entire vertical length of the pixel area. The exit areaSoThe brightness of the color pixels displayed in each pixel area can be further increased and the screen can be further brightened.
[0104]
In addition, the non-colored light emission regions of the pixel regions arranged in the vertical direction of the screen are formed so as to be linearly arranged along the vertical direction.SoThe light incident on the non-colored light emitting region can be emitted from the non-colored light emitting region with higher efficiency, thereby further brightening the screen.
[0105]
Furthermore, in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, if the region between adjacent pixel regions is a bright display region in which light incident from the front surface of the device is reflected by the reflecting member and emitted to the front surface of the device, You can brighten the area in between and make the screen even brighter.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Figure 1]First reference exampleThe front view of a part of liquid crystal display device which shows.
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.
FIG. 3 shows the firstReference exampleFIG. 5 is a shape diagram of color filters of respective colors corresponding to respective pixel regions in the liquid crystal display device of FIG.
4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 3, showing a transmission path of external light incident from obliquely above the screen in the liquid crystal display device.
5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIG. 3, showing a transmission path of external light incident from obliquely above the screen in the liquid crystal display device.
[Fig. 6]Second reference exampleFIG. 6 is a shape diagram of a color filter of each color corresponding to each pixel region.
[Fig. 7]Third reference exampleFIG. 6 is a shape diagram of a color filter of each color corresponding to each pixel region.
[Fig. 8]Fourth reference exampleFIG. 4 is a shape diagram of a color filter corresponding to one pixel region.
FIG. 9Fifth reference exampleFIG. 4 is a shape diagram of a color filter corresponding to one pixel region.
FIG. 10Sixth reference exampleFIG. 4 is a shape diagram of a color filter corresponding to one pixel region.
FIG. 11 shows the seventhReference exampleFIG. 4 is a shape diagram of a color filter corresponding to one pixel region.
FIG. 12 shows the sixthReference exampleLiquid crystal display device and firstReference exampleThe figure which compares and shows the display-luminance characteristic with respect to the illumination light incident angle with the liquid crystal display device.
FIG. 13 shows the eighthReference exampleFIG. 6 is a shape diagram of a color filter of each color corresponding to each pixel region.
FIG. 14 is the first view of the present invention.1FIG. 6 is a shape diagram of a color filter of each color corresponding to each pixel region, showing the embodiment.
FIG. 15 shows the first aspect of the present invention.2FIG. 6 is a shape diagram of a color filter of each color corresponding to each pixel region, showing the embodiment.
FIG. 16 shows the first of the present invention.3FIG. 6 is a shape diagram of a color filter of each color corresponding to each pixel region, showing the embodiment.
FIG. 17 shows the first aspect of the present invention.4FIG. 6 is a shape diagram of a color filter of each color corresponding to each pixel region, showing the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 2, ... Board
3. Pixel electrode
4 ... TFT (active element)
10 ... Gate line
11 ... Data line
12 ... Compensation capacitor forming electrode
15R, 15G, 15B ... Color filters
17 ... Counter electrode
21, 22 ... Polarizing plate
23. Scattering reflector (reflective member)
A ... Pixel area
a: Uncolored light emission region
W: Bright display area

Claims (1)

A plurality of first electrodes provided on the inner surface of one of the pair of front and rear substrates facing each other with the liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween, and at least one provided on the inner surface of the other substrate. In the reflective liquid crystal display device in which a plurality of pixel regions facing each other with the second electrode are arranged in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the screen, the plurality of pixel regions are arranged for each row arranged in the horizontal direction of the screen. And a plurality of colors having an area smaller than the area of the pixel region corresponding to each of the pixel regions on the inner surface of one of the pair of substrates. filter, wherein is separated into at least two for each of a plurality of pixel regions on the right and left direction, and substantially for each of a plurality of pixel regions each color filter is arranged in the vertical direction of the screen is separated Are arranged along a straight line, a region not corresponding to the color filter of each pixel area is formed leading to substantial straight line for each of a plurality of pixel regions arranged in the vertical direction of the screen, from the front surface of the apparatus 2. A liquid crystal display device, comprising: a non-colored light emitting region that transmits incident light that is reflected by the reflecting member and emitted to the front surface of the device without being colored .

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