JP3550405B2 - Attachment indexing device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to an attachment indexing device. Specifically, it has a fixed-side gear coupling fixed to the ram or the spindle head, and an indexing-side gear coupling that can be engaged with the fixed-side gear coupling and is fixed to the attachment. The invention relates to an attachment indexing device for indexing to an angle.
[0002]
[Background Art]
Conventionally, in machine tools and the like, Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-42134 ("a machine tool having an attachment indexing function") is known as an indexing device for indexing an attachment at a predetermined angle in a plane.
Therefore, the structure of the publication will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, a spindle 1 is rotatably supported by a spindle head 2 and is connected to a spindle drive motor 5 via a gear train 3 and a transmission 4. An attachment 6 is detachably mounted on the spindle head 2, and a clamp shaft 7 for clamping and unclamping the attachment 6 with respect to the spindle head 2 is provided to be vertically movable. That is, when the clamp shaft 7 rises, the attachment 6 is clamped by the clamp piece 7A at the lower end thereof, and when the clamp shaft 7 descends, the attachment 6 is unclamped and made rotatable with respect to the spindle head 2. . Further, when the clamp shaft 7 turns by 90 degrees from this state, the attachment 6 is brought into a detachable state with respect to the spindle head 2.
[0003]
The attachment 6 includes an attachment body 11 detachably attached to the spindle head 2, a rotation transmitting member 13 inserted into the spindle 1, and rotation from the spindle 1 is transmitted via a key 12, An intermediate shaft 14 rotatably supported by the main body 11 and rotating together with the rotation transmitting member 13; and an attachment rotatably supported by the attachment main body 11 and transmitting the rotation of the intermediate shaft 14 via bevel gears 15A and 15B. And a main shaft 16. A tool 17 is detachably attached to one end of the attachment main shaft 16. The intermediate shaft 14 is arranged on the axis of the main shaft 1, and the attachment main shaft 16 is arranged at right angles to the axis of the intermediate shaft 14.
[0004]
Between the attachment main body 11 and the rotation transmitting member 13, a pair of rotation transmitting gears 18A and 18B that mesh with each other when the attachment 6 is unclamped is provided. Further, between the spindle head 2 and the attachment main body 11, there is provided a Carvic coupling 19 which meshes with each other when the attachment 6 is clamped. The carvic coupling 19 is composed of a fixed gear coupling 19A fixed to the spindle head 2 and an index gear coupling 19B that can be engaged with the fixed gear coupling 19A and fixed to the attachment 6. ing. The gear train 3 is connected to an encoder 20 that detects the angular position of the main shaft 1 to indirectly detect the rotation index angle of the attachment 6.
[0005]
Therefore, in determining the attachment 6, first, the attachment 6 is unclamped. Then, since the attachment main body 11 is lowered, the engagement of the carvic coupling 19 is disengaged, and the pair of rotation transmission gears 18A, 18B mesh with each other. In this state, when the spindle drive motor 5 is rotated, the spindle 1 is rotated via the transmission 4 and the gear train 3. Then, as a result of the rotation of the rotation transmitting member 13 along with the rotation of the main shaft 1, the attachment body 11 is rotated with respect to the main shaft head 2 via the pair of rotation transmitting gears 18 </ b> A and 18 </ b> B. During this time, the index angle data of the attachment body 11 stored in the memory and the signal from the encoder 20 are compared, and when they match, the rotation of the spindle drive motor 5 is stopped.
[0006]
Thereafter, the attachment 6 is clamped. Then, the attachment main body 11 is raised, so that the carvic coupling 19 is meshed, the attachment 6 is integrally fixed to the spindle head 2, and the pair of rotation transmission gears 18A, 18B is disengaged from the spindle. One rotation is transmitted only to the intermediate shaft 14. That is, since only the attachment main shaft 16 is rotated, machining by the tool 17 is performed in this state.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the indexing device having the above-described structure, the Carvic coupling 19 for positioning the attachment 6 at a predetermined angle with respect to the spindle head 2 and the encoder 20 for detecting the angular phase of the Carvic coupling 19 are separated from each other. In other words, since the gear train 3 and the like are separated in the middle, an error in the gear train 3 becomes an angle detection error, and the engagement of the carvic coupling 19 cannot be performed smoothly. . In addition, a signal from the encoder 20 is compared with the index angle data of the attachment body 11 stored in the memory, and a circuit for stopping the spindle drive motor 5 when they match with each other is required. There was also a disadvantage of doing so.
[0008]
Here, an object of the present invention is to solve such a conventional drawback, eliminate the detection error of the angular phase of the gear coupling, and determine an attachment that can accurately determine the attachment at a predetermined angle in a plane. It is to provide a device.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, the attachment indexing device of the present invention has the following configuration in order to solve the conventional problem.
That is, a fixed-side gear coupling fixed to the ram or the spindle head, an index-side gear coupling meshable with the fixed-side gear coupling and fixed to the attachment, and an indexing side with respect to the fixed-side gear coupling. Rotation angle detection means for detecting the rotation angle of the gear coupling, and based on an output from the rotation angle detection means, meshing the index side gear coupling with the fixed side gear coupling to form the attachment. in indexing device attachment for indexing fixed to the ram or spindle head, the rotation angle detected an detemir stage, said buried in the valleys or crests of at least one cog of the fixed gear coupling said indexing side This is a configuration in which a non-contact sensor that detects a valley or a peak of one tooth of the gear coupling in a non-contact manner.
[0010]
[Action]
In determining the attachment, the attachment is rotated with respect to the ram or the spindle head. Then, since the non-contact sensor embedded in the valley or ridge of one tooth of the fixed-side gear coupling detects the passage of the valley or ridge of one tooth of the index-side gear coupling in a non-contact manner, By utilizing the detection signal, the index side gear coupling can be accurately indexed at a predetermined angle in the plane with respect to the fixed side gear coupling. Therefore, the attachment can be accurately indexed at a predetermined angle in the plane with respect to the ram or the spindle head.
[0011]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same components as those in FIG. 4 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted or simplified.
FIG. 1 shows a part of a device in which the attachment indexing device of the present embodiment is applied to the carvic coupling 19 of FIG. In the figure, a carvic coupling 19 of the present embodiment includes a fixed-side gear coupling 19A fixed to the spindle head 2 and an indexing side fixed to the attachment 6 that is meshable with the fixed-side gear coupling 19A. And a gear coupling 19B. These gear couplings 19A, 19B have a plurality of teeth formed on one end surface of a ring shape so as to be meshable with each other.
[0012]
As a non-contact sensor for detecting the valley or crest of one tooth of the index side gear coupling 19B in a non-contact manner at the valley or crest of one tooth of the fixed side gear coupling 19A, here the crest. A magne sensor 21 is embedded. The magne sensor 21 is formed by a magnetoresistive element and a permanent magnet, and has a structure in which when an object to be measured passes, a change in magnetic flux occurs and an AC voltage is generated in the converter. Here, since it is arranged to face the index side gear coupling 19B, every time one tooth of the index side gear coupling 19B passes, a change in magnetic flux occurs and an AC voltage is generated in the converter. I have. For example, a signal having a waveform shown in FIG. 2A or 2B is generated.
[0013]
FIG. 3 shows a control circuit for controlling the spindle drive motor 5. In the figure, reference numeral 31 denotes an encoder for detecting the rotation angle of the spindle drive motor 5 via bevel gears 32A and 32B, 33 a motor drive circuit, 34 a sequence controller, and 35 an NC unit. The motor drive circuit 33 compares the spindle index position data stored in the sequence controller 34 with the rotation angle data of the spindle drive motor 5 detected by the encoder 31, and when they match, provisional indexing is completed. A comparison circuit 36 that outputs a signal is provided.
[0014]
The sequence controller 34 has an A / D converter 41 for converting an output signal from the magneto sensor 21 into a digital signal, and can externally set and store the peak value data of the output signal from the magneto sensor 21 as a pulse number. The peak value data memory 42 is compared with the peak value data of the peak value data memory 42 and the output from the A / D converter 41. If the two values do not match, an error amount between the two is output. A comparison circuit 43 that outputs an indexing completion signal when the values match, a command value memory 44 that stores the spindle indexing position data, and a spindle operation with respect to the motor drive circuit 33 based on a command from the NC device 35. A command circuit 45 that outputs a command and a spindle fixed position stop command, and transfers spindle index position data to the command value memory 44; A correction circuit 46 for correcting for the spindle indexing position data of said command value memory 44 an error amount at 1 pulse increments and a predetermined time from the serial comparison circuit 43 are provided, respectively.
[0015]
Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
In determining the attachment 6, the spindle index position data is transferred from the command circuit 45 to the command value memory 44 based on a command from the NC device 35. Further, the attachment 6 is unclamped. Then, since the attachment main body 11 is lowered, the engagement of the carvic coupling 19 is disengaged, and the pair of rotation transmission gears 18A, 18B mesh with each other. Here, when a spindle fixed position stop command is issued from the command circuit 45 to the motor drive circuit 33, the spindle drive motor 5 is rotated at a low speed by the motor drive circuit 33. When the spindle drive motor 5 rotates, the spindle 1 is rotated via the transmission 4 and the gear train 3. Then, as a result of the rotation of the rotation transmitting member 13 along with the rotation of the main shaft 1, the attachment body 11 is rotated with respect to the main shaft head 2 via the pair of rotation transmitting gears 18 </ b> A and 18 </ b> B. While the spindle drive motor 5 is rotating, the rotation angle of the spindle drive motor 5 is detected by the encoder 31 and the passage of the teeth of the index side gear coupling 19 </ b> B is detected by the magne sensor 21.
[0016]
During this time, the comparison circuit 36 compares the rotation angle data of the spindle drive motor 5 detected by the encoder 31 with the spindle indexing position data of the command value memory 44, and outputs a temporary indexing completion signal when they match. You. In response to the provisional indexing completion signal, the transfer of spindle indexing position data from the command circuit 45 to the command value memory 44 is stopped, and the comparison circuit 43 is started. The comparison circuit 43 compares the detection signal supplied from the magneto sensor 21 through the A / D converter 41 with the peak value data stored in the peak value data memory 42 on condition that the provisional indexing completion signal is supplied. Compare. When the detection signal does not match the peak value data, the error amount is added to or subtracted from the spindle index position data in the command value memory 44 through the correction circuit 46. Eventually, when the detection signal matches the peak value data, an index completion signal is supplied from the comparison circuit 43 to the command circuit 45. Then, a completion signal is given from the command circuit 45 to the NC device 35, and based on this, the rotation of the spindle drive motor 5 is stopped by a command from the NC device 35.
[0017]
Thereafter, the attachment 6 is clamped. Then, the attachment main body 11 rises, so that the carvic coupling 19 is engaged and the attachment 6 is fixed to the spindle head 2, and the pair of rotation transmission gears 18A and 18B is disengaged and the rotation of the spindle 1 is started. It is transmitted only to the intermediate shaft 14. That is, since only the attachment main shaft 16 is rotated, machining by the tool 17 is performed in this state.
[0018]
Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the magne sensor 21 is embedded in the valley or ridge of one tooth of the fixed-side gear coupling 19A fixed to the spindle head 2, and is fixed to the attachment 6 by the magne sensor 21. Since the passage of the valley or ridge of one tooth of the index side gear coupling 19B is directly detected, an error in the gear train does not become an angle detection error as in the related art. It can be detected accurately.
[0019]
Therefore, the peak portions of the teeth of the gear couplings 19A and 19B do not mesh with each other, so that smooth meshing can be ensured. In addition, since it is only necessary to bury the magne sensor 21 in the valley or ridge of one tooth of the fixed-side gear coupling 19A, the structure can be simplified, and the conventional encoder can be eliminated, so that the circuit configuration is also reduced. There is an advantage that can be simplified.
[0020]
In the above embodiment, one magnesensor 21 is embedded in the valley or ridge of one tooth of the fixed-side gear coupling 19A. However, on the opposite side of the magnesensor 21, the fixed-side gear coupling 19A is Another magne sensor may be embedded in the valley or crest of one tooth, and the position of the index side gear coupling 19 </ b> B may be determined based on output signals from both magne sensors 21. Further, not only the magne sensor, but also, for example, a light emitter and a light receiver are provided on the fixed side gear coupling 19A, and light from the light emitter is irradiated on the index side gear coupling 19B, and the reflected light is received by the light receiver Alternatively, the passage of the teeth may be detected.
[0021]
Further, in the above embodiment, the rotation angle of the spindle drive motor 5 is detected by the encoder 31 and the output is compared with the spindle indexing position data to roughly determine the spindle 1. May be counted, and the spindle number may be indexed at a predetermined angle by comparing the counted number with spindle indexing position data.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the attachment indexing device of the present invention, the non-contact sensor embedded in the fixed-side gear coupling directly detects the teeth of the index-side gear coupling, thereby eliminating angular positioning errors. It is possible to determine the attachment with high accuracy.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view showing a main part of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a signal waveform obtained from a magne sensor in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a control circuit in the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a conventional indexing device.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Spindle head 6 Attachment 11 Attachment body 19 Curvic coupling 19A Fixed side gear coupling 19B Indexing side gear coupling 21 Magne sensor

Claims (2)

A fixed-side gear coupling fixed to the ram or the spindle head; an index-side gear coupling meshable with the fixed-side gear coupling and fixed to an attachment; and an index-side gear cup for the fixed-side gear coupling Rotation angle detection means for detecting the rotation angle of the ring, the index side gear coupling is engaged with the fixed side gear coupling based on the output from the rotation angle detection means, the attachment in indexing device attachment for indexing fixed to the ram or the spindle head, the rotation angle detected an detemir stage, said buried in the valleys or crests of at least one cog of the fixed gear coupling the indexing side gear cup Attachment characterized in that it is a non-contact sensor that detects the valley or peak of one tooth of the ring in a non-contact manner Cement of the indexing device. 2. The attachment indexing device according to claim 1, wherein the non-contact sensor is a magneto sensor including a magnetoresistive element and a permanent magnet.

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