JP3418353B2 - Resin / liquid crystal forming body, liquid crystal display device using the same, and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a resin / liquid crystal forming body, a liquid crystal display device using the same, and a manufacturing method thereof, and more specifically, a blind glass or a liquid crystal shutter having a dimming function, and The present invention relates to a twisted nematic (TN) type or in-plane switching (IPS) type liquid crystal display device applied to a television, a computer display or the like, and a manufacturing method thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional TN type liquid crystal display device, a pair of glass substrates are bonded together via a spacer so as to form a predetermined gap, and liquid crystal (nematic liquid crystal or the like) is injected into the gap to form a liquid crystal panel. A polarizing plate is provided on both surfaces of the liquid crystal panel while being formed. A transparent pixel electrode and a thin film transistor (TFT) are formed on one side of the glass substrate. On the other glass substrate, a color mosaic filter including a minute filter group of red, green and blue, and a transparent common electrode are formed. An alignment film is formed on the transparent pixel electrode and the transparent common electrode of each glass substrate. These alignment films are formed, for example, by applying polyvinyl alcohol or a polyimide solution on each electrode by a spinner to form a coating film, and then rubbing to perform an alignment treatment. In the liquid crystal display device as described above, the light of the backlight is emitted from the back side, and the image signal voltage is applied to each transparent pixel electrode through the TFT to control the light transmittance of the liquid crystal corresponding to each pixel. As a result, a color image is displayed.

Further, the IPS type liquid crystal display device and the like are also the same in that the liquid crystal is injected into a gap formed between a pair of glass substrates, although the structure of the electrodes is different.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned conventional liquid crystal display device requires a step of injecting liquid crystal into the gap of the glass substrate, and this step requires a long time, resulting in a high manufacturing cost. Had. Specifically, depending on the size of the liquid crystal display device, for example, in a 10-inch liquid crystal display device, it takes about 2 hours to inject the liquid crystal into the gap of about 5 μm by vacuum deaeration, which is extremely high in manufacturing efficiency. Was bad. Further, since a pair of glass substrates (that is, two glass substrates) are used, there is a problem that it is difficult to reduce the weight. This problem is a big drawback especially when the liquid crystal display device is applied to a portable device.

Further, as described above, the polyvinyl alcohol or polyimide solution is applied by a spinner to form a coating film, and then an alignment film is formed by carrying out rubbing and orientation treatment. There is a problem of static electricity generation and dust such as polyimide.

In view of the above points, the present invention provides a resin / liquid crystal forming body which does not require a liquid crystal injecting step and does not require a rubbing process, which can simplify the manufacturing process and reduce the manufacturing cost. An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device using the same and a manufacturing method thereof. Furthermore, it is also intended to be easily lightened and thinned to be applied to a portable device.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a resin / liquid crystal forming body, which comprises a first resin film, a second resin film facing the first resin film, and a first resin film. And a liquid crystal layer sealed between the second resin film and the second resin film are integrally formed.

The first resin film, the liquid crystal layer, and the second
Since the first resin film, the liquid crystal layer, and the second resin film are in continuous contact with each other because they are integrally formed with each other, foreign matter such as dust or dust is present between the respective constituent members. Does not intervene. In addition, the space inside the resin / liquid crystal forming body is not wasted, and the thickness can be made as thin as possible to the limit, and the resin / liquid crystal forming body can be made lightweight and thin. The resin / liquid crystal forming body having the above-described configuration can be used in a wide range of applications, and can be used as, for example, a light control window or a light shielding shutter member that does not require a curtain or a blind. Specifically, the resin / liquid crystal forming body according to the above configuration is applied to a transparent glass window in which a transparent electrode is formed in advance, and an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer via the electrode, thereby forming a resin / liquid crystal forming body. It is possible to realize a dimming window capable of controlling the light transmittance.

A second aspect of the present invention is the resin-liquid crystal forming body according to the first aspect, wherein at least one of the first resin film and the second resin film orients liquid crystal molecules in a predetermined direction. It has a liquid crystal alignment property.

According to this structure, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are aligned in a predetermined direction when no voltage is applied. Therefore, it becomes easy to control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer by applying an electric field or the like.

A third aspect of the present invention is the resin-liquid crystal forming body according to the first or second aspect, wherein the first resin film and the second resin film are polymerized and cured by exposing a photosensitive prepolymer to light. Are formed of a resin having the same composition.

In this structure, both the first resin film and the second resin film are made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer, but if they are integrally formed by the same raw material,
Since there is no distortion or non-uniformity of components inside the formed product, it is possible to obtain a resin / liquid crystal formed body having extremely excellent robustness.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the resin / liquid crystal forming body according to the third aspect, wherein the resin / liquid crystal forming body is further formed integrally with the first and second resin films. A member is provided, and the distance between the first resin film and the second resin film is supported by the support member in a constant manner.

In this structure, the support member supports between the first resin film and the second resin film, but this support member is formed integrally with the first and second resin films. Therefore, the distance between the two resin films is reliably and stably maintained. Further, the supporting member acts together with the first and second resin films so as to further strengthen the structure of the resin / liquid crystal forming body. Further, according to the above configuration, since the first and second resin films and the supporting member are integrally formed and have no joint, for example, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer can be formed to be as thin as possible. It is also possible to realize a lighter, more compact and robust resin / liquid crystal forming body. By applying this resin / liquid crystal formed body to a liquid crystal display device, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device which is excellent in display stability, and is lighter and more compact.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is the resin-liquid crystal forming body according to the first to fourth aspects, wherein the resin forming the first and second resin films is a polyester acrylate resin.

According to this structure, since the polyester acrylate resin has excellent transparency, it is possible to obtain a resin / liquid crystal forming body having excellent transparency with respect to light in the visible light region.

The invention of claim 6 or 7 is the resin-liquid crystal forming body according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises:
It includes nematic liquid crystals, and more specifically, tolan-based nematic liquid crystals.

According to this structure, since the nematic liquid crystal, more specifically, the tolan nematic liquid crystal is easily available, it is possible to easily obtain an inexpensive resin / liquid crystal formed body.

According to the invention of claim 8, a first resin film and a first resin film are provided.
Of the second resin film facing the resin film and the liquid crystal layer sealed between the first and second resin films. Then, the step of applying a mixed solution containing a photosensitive prepolymer and liquid crystal to the surface of the light-transmissive substrate to form a mixed film made of the mixed solution on the surface of the substrate, and the mixed film surface. The first resin film is formed on the surface layer of the mixture film by exposing to light having a wavelength and a light intensity capable of selectively polymerizing and curing only the surface layer of the mixture film, and the liquid crystal of the part is formed. And a first resin film forming step of pushing the film toward the substrate side, and by exposing from the back side of the substrate through the substrate, the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film is polymerized and cured to form the first resin film on the substrate side. A second resin film facing the resin film is formed, and phase separation is performed. And a, a second resin film forming step of placing between the first resin film and the second resin film liquid crystal.

As a result, the photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film is polymerized and cured to form the first and second resin films, and the remaining liquid crystal forms the liquid crystal layer, which takes a long time. The liquid crystal layer can be formed without requiring the liquid crystal injection step, and the manufacturing process can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Further, since the liquid crystal injection step is not required, the liquid crystal layer can be reliably formed in a short time even with a resin / liquid crystal forming body having a large area. In addition, the first resin film, the liquid crystal layer, and the second
Since the first resin film, the liquid crystal layer, and the second resin film are in continuous contact with each other because they are integrally formed with each other, foreign matter such as dust or dust is present between the respective constituent members. Does not intervene. Further, the space in the resin / liquid crystal forming body is not wasted, and therefore, it is possible to form the resin / liquid crystal forming body as thin as possible, and the resin / liquid crystal forming body can be made lightweight and thin.

According to a ninth aspect of the invention, there is provided a first resin film and a first resin film.
Of the second resin film facing the resin film and the liquid crystal layer sealed between the first and second resin films. Then, the step of applying a liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid containing a photosensitive prepolymer and a liquid crystal to the surface of the light-transmissive substrate to form a mixed film made of the mixed liquid on the substrate surface, and Is exposed to the surface of the mixture film with light having a first wavelength that does not pass through the mixture film to selectively polymerize and cure the photosensitive prepolymer in the vicinity of the surface of the mixture film, and the liquid crystal in the portion is transferred to the substrate side. And a protective resin film forming step of forming a protective resin film on the surface layer of the mixture film, and exposing the mixture film from the back side of the substrate through the substrate with light of the third wavelength to expose the vicinity of the substrate surface. The existing photosensitive prepolymer is selectively polymerized and cured to form a second resin film on the substrate surface side. And a second resin film forming step of pushing the liquid crystal in the relevant portion toward the protective resin film side, and exposing the mixture film from the protective resin film side through the protective resin film with light of the third wavelength to mix the two. The photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the body film is polymerized and cured to form a first resin film integrated with the protective resin film inside the protective resin film, and the phase-separated liquid crystal is used as the first resin film. A first resin film forming step which is arranged between the first resin film and the second resin film.

As a result, the photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film is polymerized and cured to form the first and second resin films, and the liquid crystal layer is formed by the remaining liquid crystal, which takes a long time. The liquid crystal layer can be formed without requiring the liquid crystal injection step, and the manufacturing process can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Further, a protective resin film can be formed on the surface of the mixture film, and the mixture film can be protected by the protective resin film and the substrate. Therefore, during the manufacturing process, the surface of the mixture film is prevented from coming into contact with the surface of the mixture film, and the surface of the mixture film is not wavy. Can be overlaid and exposed.

According to a tenth aspect of the invention, there is provided a first resin film, a second resin film facing the first resin film, and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the first and second resin films. , The first resin film and the second
And a support member that supports the resin film at a constant interval, and a resin / liquid crystal forming body that is integrally formed with the support member. A liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid containing a liquid crystal and a liquid crystal is formed to form a mixed film made of the mixed liquid on the surface of the substrate; and light having a first wavelength that does not substantially pass through the mixed film. The mixture film surface is exposed to light, and while the liquid crystal existing near the surface of the mixture film is pushed toward the substrate side, the photosensitive prepolymer in the vicinity of the mixture film surface is selectively polymerized and cured to form the mixture film surface. A protective resin film forming step of forming a protective resin film and a mask having a desired pattern are superposed on the outer side of the protective resin film, and the mixture film is exposed to light of a second wavelength through the mask to form a photosensitive prepolymer. A support member formed by polymerizing and curing the polymer into the desired shape And a step of exposing the surface layer on the substrate surface side of the mixture film from the back side of the substrate through the polarizing plate and the substrate, and selectively exposing the photosensitive prepolymer on the surface layer to light. A second resin film forming step of polymerizing and curing to form a second resin film, and pushing liquid crystal existing in the surface layer toward the protective resin film side, and a polarizing plate stacked on the protective resin film to protect the polarizing plate. The third layer is formed on the mixture film through the resin film.
Of light having a wavelength of, and the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film is polymerized and cured to form a first resin film integrated with the protective resin film inside the protective resin film, and phase separation is performed. A first resin film forming step of arranging the above liquid crystal between the first resin film and the second resin film.

As a result, the photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film is polymerized and cured to form the first and second resin films, and the remaining liquid crystal forms a liquid crystal layer, which takes a long time. The liquid crystal layer can be formed without requiring the liquid crystal injection step, and the manufacturing process can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Further, the support member can be formed by the photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film, and the manufacturing process can be simplified. Further, since the support member is integrally formed with the first and second resin films, the distance between the two resin films can be reliably and stably maintained, and the structure of the resin / liquid crystal forming body can be formed. It acts to make it even stronger. Therefore, according to the above configuration, a lighter, more compact and robust resin
A liquid crystal forming body is realized. Further, in the first resin film forming step and the supporting member forming step, since the surface of the mixture film is protected by the protective resin film, it is possible to directly expose the protective resin film with a mask or a polarizing plate.
Further, in the step of forming the first and second resin films, the molecules of the first and second resin films are oriented in the polarization direction of the polarizing plate by exposing light of the third wavelength through the polarizing plate. Since the polymer is polymerized with a liquid crystal, the liquid crystal molecules have a liquid crystal aligning property capable of aligning the liquid crystal molecules in a predetermined direction. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform a rubbing treatment, and the manufacturing process can be simplified.

The invention according to claim 11 is the method for producing a resin / liquid crystal forming body according to claim 9, wherein the light having the first wavelength is within an absorption region in the light absorption characteristics of the photosensitive prepolymer. Light having a wavelength is used, and light having a wavelength at which the absorbance of the photosensitive prepolymer is smaller than the light having the first wavelength is used as the light having the third wavelength.

As a result, the light of the first wavelength is less likely to pass through the mixture film and is substantially absorbed near the surface of the mixture film. Therefore, a protective resin film should be formed on the surface of the mixture film. Can be done easily. Further, the light of the third wavelength is relatively easy to pass through the protective resin film and the light-transmitting substrate which have already been formed, while it is easily absorbed near the inside of the protective resin film and the substrate in the mixture film. The first resin film can be easily formed inside the protective resin film, and the second resin film can be easily formed on the substrate side of the mixture film.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the method for producing a resin / liquid crystal forming body according to the eleventh aspect, the exposure of the light having the first and third wavelengths is performed under the condition of reciprocity law failure.

As a result, when the light of the first wavelength is irradiated under the condition of reciprocity law failure, the photosensitive prepolymer is easily polymerized and hardened in the vicinity of the surface of the mixture film, so that the surface of the mixture film is selectively The protective resin film can be easily formed. Also,
When the third light is irradiated under the condition of reciprocity law failure, the photosensitive prepolymer is easily polymerized and hardened in the vicinity of the inside of the protective resin film, and the first resin film can be formed inside the protective resin film. The photosensitive prepolymer is polymerized and hardened in the vicinity of the substrate side of the mixture film, so that the second resin film can be easily formed.

A thirteenth aspect of the present invention is the method for producing a resin / liquid crystal forming body according to the twelfth aspect, wherein the photosensitive prepolymer contains a polyester acrylate-based compound, and the light having the first wavelength is used. Is far ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 254 nm.

As a result, the irradiated light can be absorbed substantially in the vicinity of the surface of the mixture film to polymerize and cure the photosensitive prepolymer, so that the protective resin film can be selectively formed on the surface of the mixture film. Can be more easily formed, and the thickness of the protective resin film can be easily controlled with high accuracy.

A fourteenth aspect of the present invention is the method for producing a resin / liquid crystal forming body according to the tenth aspect, wherein the light having the first wavelength is within the absorption region in the light absorption characteristics of the photosensitive prepolymer. The light having a wavelength is used as the light having the second wavelength, and the light having a wavelength at which the absorbance with respect to the photosensitive prepolymer is smaller than the light having the first wavelength is used as the light having the third wavelength. Is smaller than the light of the first wavelength and is larger than the light of the second wavelength.

As a result, the light of the first wavelength does not easily pass through the mixture film and is substantially absorbed near the surface of the mixture film, so that the protective resin film is selectively formed on the surface of the mixture film. It can be easily formed, and since the light of the second wavelength easily reaches the portion of the mixture film near the substrate, it can be reliably supported between the first resin film and the second resin film. The member can be easily formed, and the light having the third wavelength is relatively easily transmitted through the protective resin film or the light-transmissive substrate that has already been formed. Since it is easily absorbed inside or near the substrate side, the first resin film can be easily formed inside the protective resin film, and the second resin film can be easily formed on the substrate side of the mixture film. can do.

A fifteenth aspect of the present invention is the method for producing a resin / liquid crystal formed body according to the fourteenth aspect, wherein the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid further contains a polymerization initiator or a sensitizer, and the protection is performed. As the light having the first wavelength in the resin film forming step, the light having a wavelength in the absorption region in the light absorption characteristics of the photosensitive prepolymer is used, and the mixture film is exposed under the condition of reciprocity law failure. As the light of wavelength 2, the light having a wavelength longer than the absorption peak wavelength in the absorption characteristic of the polymerization initiator or the sensitizer is used, and the mixture film is exposed under the condition of reciprocity law to form the first resin film. As the light of the third wavelength in the step and the second resin film forming step, the long wavelength side end of the absorption region in the light absorption characteristics of the photosensitive prepolymer and the light absorption characteristics of the polymerization initiator or sensitizer Using light of wavelengths between definitive absorption peak wavelength, and performs exposure of mixture films under conditions of reciprocity failure. Furthermore, since no liquid crystal injection process is required,
Even if the resin / liquid crystal forming body has a large area, the liquid crystal layer can be reliably formed in a short time.

As a result, the light of the first wavelength does not easily pass through the mixture film, is absorbed substantially near the surface of the mixture film, and the photosensitive polymer is polymerized and cured under the condition of reciprocity law failure. It is possible to easily form a protective resin film selectively on the surface of the mixture film, and the light of the second wavelength easily reaches the portion of the mixture film near the substrate.
Under the reciprocity rule condition, it is possible to easily and reliably form the support member between the first resin film and the second resin film, and the light of the third wavelength protects the light already formed. It is relatively easy to pass through a resin film or a light-transmissive substrate, while it is easily absorbed inside the protective resin film or near the substrate side in the mixture film, and the photosensitive polymer is polymerized and cured under the condition of reciprocity law failure. Thus, the first resin film can be easily formed inside the protective resin film, and the second resin film can be easily formed on the substrate side of the mixture film.

The invention of claim 16 or 17 is based on claim 9.
16. The method for manufacturing a resin / liquid crystal formed body according to any one of items 1 to 15, wherein a nematic liquid crystal, more specifically, a trans nematic liquid crystal is used as the liquid crystal.

As a result, the photosensitive prepolymer and the liquid crystal are easily phase-separated by the exposure of the mixture film, and the photosensitive prepolymer is easily polymerized and cured to form the first resin film, the second resin film, or the like. can do.

The invention of claim 18 or 19 is defined by claim 1.
5. The method for producing a resin / liquid crystal formed body according to 5, wherein the photopolymerization initiator or sensitizer is a benzoyl compound, more specifically 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane- Use 1-on.

As a result, the polymerization and curing of the photosensitive prepolymer can be carried out efficiently, so that the curing speed of the photosensitive prepolymer can be increased and the manufacturing process can be further simplified.

The invention of claim 20 is the resin of claim 15
A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal forming body, wherein the photosensitive prepolymer includes a polyester acrylate-based substance, the liquid crystal includes a tolan-based nematic liquid crystal, and the mixture film further includes 2,2-dimethoxy-. 1,2-diphenylethan-1-one is used, and as the light having the first wavelength, deep ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm is used.
As the light of the wavelength of, the ultraviolet ray of the wavelength of 365 nm is used,
Ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 313 nm is used as the light having the third wavelength.

As a result, the light of the first wavelength does not easily pass through the mixture film, is absorbed substantially near the surface of the mixture film, and the photosensitive polymer is polymerized and cured under the condition of reciprocity law failure. It is possible to easily form a protective resin film selectively on the surface of the mixture film, and the light of the second wavelength easily reaches the portion of the mixture film near the substrate.
Under the reciprocity rule condition, it is possible to easily and reliably form the support member between the first resin film and the second resin film, and the light of the third wavelength protects the light already formed. It is relatively easy to pass through a resin film or a light-transmissive substrate, while it is easily absorbed inside the protective resin film or near the substrate side in the mixture film, and the photosensitive polymer is polymerized and cured under the condition of reciprocity law failure. Thus, the first resin film can be easily formed inside the protective resin film, and the second resin film can be easily formed on the substrate side of the mixture film.

According to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention, a substrate-side resin film made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer formed on the surface of a substrate having at least a pixel electrode and a switching element connected to the pixel electrode, A counter resin film made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer, which is disposed so as to face the substrate-side resin film, and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrate-side resin film and the counter resin film. A liquid crystal display device is characterized in that the substrate-side resin film, the liquid crystal layer, and the counter resin film are integrally formed.

With the above structure, since the liquid crystal layer is sealed between the substrate-side resin film formed on one substrate and the counter resin film, the liquid crystal layer is provided between the pair of substrates. The weight can be reduced as compared with the sealed liquid crystal display device.
Moreover, since the substrate-side resin film, the liquid crystal layer, and the counter resin film are integrally formed, the substrate-side resin film, the liquid crystal layer, and the counter resin film have a structure in which they are in close contact with each other. No foreign matter such as dust or dust is present between the constituent members.
Then, the space between the substrate-side resin film and the liquid crystal layer, and the space between the liquid crystal layer and the counter resin film is not wasted, and it is possible to form the thickness as thin as possible.
A light and thin liquid crystal display device can be obtained.

According to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention, in the liquid crystal display device according to the twenty-first aspect, a support member integrally formed with the resin film between the substrate and the counter resin film is provided. It is characterized by being arranged.

In this structure, the support member supports between the substrate-side resin film and the counter resin film, but since the support member is formed integrally with the substrate-side resin film and the counter resin film, both The distance between the resin films is maintained reliably and stably.
Further, the support member acts together with the substrate-side resin film and the counter resin film to further strengthen the structure of the liquid crystal display device. Further, according to the above configuration, since the support member, the substrate-side resin film, and the counter resin film are integrally formed and have no joints, for example, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is thinned to a state close to the limit. It is also possible to
Realizing a liquid crystal display device that is lighter and more compact and has excellent display stability.

The invention of claim 23 is the same as claim 21 or 2
2. The liquid crystal display device according to item 2, wherein the substrate-side resin film and the counter resin film contain a polyester acrylate compound.

According to this structure, since the polyester acrylate resin is excellent in transparency, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device which is excellent in transparency with respect to light in the visible light range and can perform bright display.

The invention of claim 24 or 25 is defined by claim 2.
23. The liquid crystal display device according to 1 or 22, wherein the liquid crystal layer includes nematic liquid crystal, more specifically, trans-type nematic liquid crystal.

According to this structure, since the nematic liquid crystal, more specifically, the trans nematic liquid crystal is easily available, it is possible to easily obtain the liquid crystal display device which is inexpensive and stable in operation.

The invention of claim 26 is the invention of claim 21 or 2.
3. The liquid crystal display device according to 2, wherein at least one of the opposing resin film and the substrate-side resin film is formed by polymerizing and curing a photosensitive prepolymer so that molecules have directionality by exposure to polarized light. In addition, the counter electrode is formed on the side of the counter resin film opposite to the liquid crystal layer.

According to this structure, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are aligned in a predetermined direction when no voltage is applied. Therefore, it becomes easy to control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer by applying an electric field, and a lightweight and thin liquid crystal display device of twisted nematic mode or homeotropic mode can be obtained.

The invention of claim 27 is the liquid crystal surface layer device according to claim 26, characterized in that a color filter is provided on the opposite side of the counter resin film from the liquid crystal layer.

As a result, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device of a twisted nematic mode or a homeotropic mode which is lightweight and thin and can display colors.

The invention of claim 28 is the liquid crystal display device according to claim 27, wherein the counter electrode is formed of a transparent conductive film, and the counter electrode includes the counter resin film and the color filter. And the opposite side of the color filter from the opposite resin film.

As a result, it is possible to obtain a transmission type liquid crystal display device of the twisted nematic mode or the homeotropic mode which is lightweight and thin and capable of color display.

According to a twenty-ninth aspect of the present invention, in the liquid crystal display device according to the twenty-seventh aspect, the counter electrode is formed of a material that reflects light, and the color filter comprises:
It is characterized in that it is provided between the counter resin film and the counter electrode.

As a result, it is possible to obtain a reflection type liquid crystal display device of a twisted nematic mode or a homeotropic mode which is lightweight and thin and capable of color display.

The invention of claim 30 is the same as claim 21 or 2
2. The liquid crystal display device according to 2, wherein a common electrode (counter electrode) is further formed on the substrate.

As a result, a lightweight and thin in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device can be obtained.

According to a thirty-first aspect of the invention, in the liquid crystal display device according to the thirtieth aspect, at least one of the counter resin film and the substrate-side resin film is a photosensitive prepolymer,
It is characterized in that it is formed by polymerizing and curing the molecule so as to have directionality by exposure to polarized light.

According to this structure, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are aligned in a predetermined direction when no voltage is applied. Therefore, it becomes easy to control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer by applying an electric field, and it is possible to obtain an in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device which is lightweight, thin, and has good display characteristics.

According to a thirty-second aspect of the invention, there is provided the liquid crystal display device according to the thirtieth aspect, wherein a color filter is provided on the side of the counter resin film opposite to the liquid crystal layer.

As a result, it is possible to obtain an in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device which is lightweight, thin and capable of color display.

The invention of claim 33 is the liquid crystal display device according to claim 32, wherein a transparent film is provided between the counter resin film and the color filter or on the side of the color filter opposite to the counter resin film. It is characterized in that an electrode formed of a conductive film is provided.

As a result, it is possible to perform color display with a light weight and a thin shape, and since the alignment of liquid crystal molecules is not easily affected by static electricity even when the opposing resin film is thin, an in-plane switching type excellent in alignment stability can be obtained. A liquid crystal display device can be obtained.

According to a thirty-fourth aspect of the present invention, in the liquid crystal display device according to the thirty-second aspect, an electrode made of a light-reflecting material is provided on the opposite side of the color filter from the counter resin film. It is characterized by being.

As a result, it is possible to obtain an in-plane switching reflection type liquid crystal display device which is lightweight, thin and capable of color display.

A thirty-fifth aspect of the invention is a substrate-side resin made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer, which is formed on the surface of a light-transmissive substrate having a pixel electrode and a switching element connected to the pixel electrode. A film, a counter resin film made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer, which is arranged to face the substrate-side resin film, and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrate-side resin film and the counter resin film. Is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device integrally formed, which comprises a step of forming the pixel electrode and the switching element on the light transmissive substrate, and a step of connecting the pixel electrode and the pixel electrode. A step of applying a mixed liquid containing a photosensitive prepolymer and a liquid crystal on the surface of the substrate having the switching element, and forming a mixed film made of the mixed liquid on the surface of the substrate; , Mixture Is exposed to light having a wavelength and light intensity capable of selectively polymerizing and curing only the surface layer of the mixture film to form a counter resin film on the surface layer of the mixture film and push the liquid crystal in the part toward the substrate side. A resin film forming step and a resin film on the substrate side facing the opposite resin film on the substrate side by polymerizing and curing the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film by exposing through the substrate from the back side of the substrate And a substrate-side resin film forming step of disposing the phase-separated liquid crystal between the opposing resin film and the substrate-side resin film.

As a result, the photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film is polymerized and cured to form the opposing resin film and the substrate-side resin film, and the remaining liquid crystal forms the liquid crystal layer, which takes a long time. The liquid crystal layer can be formed without requiring the liquid crystal injection step, and the manufacturing process can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Furthermore,
Since the liquid crystal injection step is not required, the liquid crystal layer can be reliably formed in a short time even in a large-area liquid crystal display device. Further, since the liquid crystal layer is sealed between the substrate-side resin film and the counter resin film formed on one substrate, a liquid crystal display in which the liquid crystal layer is sealed between a pair of substrates. The weight can be reduced as compared with the device. Moreover, since the substrate-side resin film, the liquid crystal layer, and the counter resin film are integrally formed, the substrate-side resin film, the liquid crystal layer, and the counter resin film have a structure in which they are in close contact with each other. No foreign matter such as dust or dust is present between the constituent members. In addition, the space between the substrate-side resin film and the liquid crystal layer and between the liquid crystal layer and the counter resin film is not wasted, and the thickness can be made as thin as possible to the limit. The liquid crystal display device can be obtained.

A thirty-sixth aspect of the invention is a substrate-side resin made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer, which is formed on the surface of a light-transmissive substrate having a pixel electrode and a switching element connected to the pixel electrode. A film, a counter resin film made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer, which is arranged to face the substrate-side resin film, and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrate-side resin film and the counter resin film. Is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device integrally formed, which comprises a step of forming the pixel electrode and the switching element on the light transmissive substrate, and a step of connecting the pixel electrode and the pixel electrode. A step of applying a liquid crystal prepolymer mixed solution containing a photosensitive prepolymer and a liquid crystal on the surface of the substrate having the switching element, and forming a mixed film composed of the mixed solution on the surface of the substrate; and Before The surface of the mixture film is exposed to light having a first wavelength that does not pass through the mixture film to selectively polymerize and cure the photosensitive prepolymer in the vicinity of the surface of the mixture film, and the liquid crystal in the portion is pushed toward the substrate side. A protective resin film forming step of forming a protective resin film on the surface layer of the mixture film, and exposing the mixture film from the back side of the substrate with light of a third wavelength through the substrate to exist in the vicinity of the substrate surface. Selectively polymerize and cure the photosensitive prepolymer to form a substrate-side resin film on the substrate surface side, and a substrate-side resin film forming step of pushing the liquid crystal of the part toward the protective resin film side, and from the protective resin film side. The mixture film is exposed to light having a third wavelength through the protective resin film, the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film is polymerized and cured, and integrated with the protective resin film inside the protective resin film. A first resin film is formed, and a protective resin film and a first resin film are formed. They are together forming the counter resin film, characterized in that and a first resin film formation step of placing between the liquid crystal phase separation the first resin film and the substrate-side resin film by.

As a result, the photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film is polymerized and cured to form the opposing resin film and the substrate-side resin film, and the remaining liquid crystal forms the liquid crystal layer, which takes a long time. The liquid crystal layer can be formed without requiring the liquid crystal injection step, and the manufacturing process can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Also,
A protective resin film can be formed on the surface of the mixture film, and the mixture film can be protected by the protective resin film and the substrate. Therefore, during the manufacturing process, the surface of the mixture film is prevented from coming into contact with the surface of the mixture film, and the surface of the mixture film is not wavy. Can be overlaid and exposed.

A thirty-seventh aspect of the present invention is a substrate-side resin made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer, which is formed on the surface of a light-transmissive substrate having a pixel electrode and a switching element connected to the pixel electrode. A film, a counter resin film made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer, which is arranged to face the substrate-side resin film, and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrate-side resin film and the counter resin film. Is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device integrally formed, which comprises a step of forming the pixel electrode and the switching element on the light transmissive substrate, and a step of connecting the pixel electrode and the pixel electrode. A step of applying a liquid crystal prepolymer mixed solution containing a photosensitive prepolymer and a liquid crystal on the surface of the substrate having the switching element, and forming a mixed film composed of the mixed solution on the surface of the substrate; and Before A photosensitive prepolymer in the vicinity of the surface of the mixture film is exposed by exposing the surface of the mixture film to light having a first wavelength that does not pass through the mixture film and pushing liquid crystal existing in the vicinity of the surface of the mixture film toward the substrate. Is selectively polymerized and cured to form a protective resin film on the surface of the mixture film, and a mask having a desired pattern is superposed on the outer side of the protective resin film, and a second mask is formed through the mask. Exposing the mixture film with light having a wavelength of 1 to form a support member obtained by polymerizing and curing the photosensitive prepolymer into a desired shape; and from the back side of the substrate through the polarizing plate and the substrate to form the mixture film. The surface layer on the substrate surface side is exposed to light having a third wavelength to selectively polymerize and cure the photosensitive prepolymer of the surface layer to form a substrate-side resin film on the substrate surface side and to be present in the surface layer. Substrate side resin film forming process that pushes liquid crystal to the protective resin film side A polarizing plate is laminated on the protective resin film, and the mixture film is exposed to light having a third wavelength through the polarizing plate and the protective resin film to polymerize and cure the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film. Then, a first resin film integrated with the protective resin film is formed inside the protective resin film, an opposing resin film is formed by the protective resin film and the first resin film, and the phase-separated liquid crystal is A first resin film forming step of arranging the first resin film between the first resin film and the substrate-side resin film.

As a result, the photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film is polymerized and cured to form the opposing resin film and the substrate-side resin film, and the remaining liquid crystal forms the liquid crystal layer, which takes a long time. The liquid crystal layer can be formed without requiring the liquid crystal injection step, and the manufacturing process can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Also,
The support member can be formed by the photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film, and the manufacturing process can be simplified. Moreover, since the supporting member is integrally formed with the opposing resin film (the protective resin film and the first resin film) and the substrate-side resin film (the second resin film), the distance between the two resin films is increased. Is reliably and stably maintained, and acts to further strengthen the structure of the liquid crystal display device. Therefore, according to the above configuration, a lighter, more compact and robust liquid crystal display device is realized. Further, in the first resin film forming step and the supporting member forming step, since the surface of the mixture film is protected by the protective resin film, it is possible to directly expose the protective resin film with a mask or a polarizing plate.
Further, in the first and substrate-side resin film forming steps,
By exposing the light of the wavelength of
Since the molecules of the resin film on the substrate side are polymerized in a directional manner, the resin film has a liquid crystal alignment property that allows the liquid crystal molecules to be aligned in a predetermined direction. Can be realized.

According to a thirty-eighth aspect of the present invention, in the liquid crystal display device according to the thirty-sixth aspect, as the light having the first wavelength, the light having a wavelength within the absorption region in the light absorption characteristic of the photosensitive prepolymer is used. As the light having the third wavelength, light having a wavelength whose absorbance with respect to the photosensitive prepolymer is smaller than that of the light having the first wavelength is used.

As a result, the light of the first wavelength does not easily pass through the mixture film and is absorbed substantially near the surface of the mixture film. Therefore, it is necessary to form the protective resin film on the surface of the mixture film. Can be done easily. Further, the light of the third wavelength is relatively easy to pass through the protective resin film and the light-transmitting substrate which have already been formed, while it is easily absorbed near the inside of the protective resin film and the substrate in the mixture film. The first resin film can be easily formed inside the protective resin film, and the substrate-side resin film can be easily formed on the substrate side of the mixture film.

According to a thirty-ninth aspect of the present invention, in the liquid crystal display device according to the thirty-eighth aspect, the exposure of the light having the first and third wavelengths is performed under a reciprocity law failure condition.

As a result, when the light of the first wavelength is irradiated under the condition of reciprocity law failure, the photosensitive prepolymer is easily polymerized and hardened in the vicinity of the surface of the mixture film, and the surface of the mixture film is selectively The protective resin film can be easily formed. Also,
When the third light is irradiated under the condition of reciprocity law failure, the photosensitive prepolymer is easily polymerized and hardened in the vicinity of the inside of the protective resin film, and the first resin film can be formed inside the protective resin film. The photosensitive prepolymer is polymerized and cured in the vicinity of the substrate side of the mixture film, so that the substrate side resin film can be easily formed.

The invention of claim 40 is the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 39, wherein the photosensitive prepolymer contains a polyester acrylate compound,
The light having the first wavelength is deep ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm.

As a result, the irradiated light can be absorbed substantially in the vicinity of the surface of the mixture film to polymerize and cure the photosensitive prepolymer, so that the surface of the mixture film is selectively protected. Can be more easily formed, and the thickness of the protective resin film can be easily controlled with high accuracy.

The invention of claim 41 is the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 37, wherein as the light of the first wavelength, a wavelength within the absorption region in the light absorption characteristics of the photosensitive prepolymer is used. Using light, the light having the second wavelength has an absorbance of the first photosensitive polymer
Of light having a wavelength smaller than that of the light of the third wavelength, and as the light of the third wavelength, light of a wavelength at which the absorbance is smaller than the light of the first wavelength and larger than the light of the second wavelength. To use.

As a result, the light of the first wavelength is less likely to pass through the mixture film and is substantially absorbed near the surface of the mixture film, so that the surface of the mixture film is selectively covered with the protective resin film. It can be easily formed, and since the light of the second wavelength easily reaches the portion of the mixture film near the substrate, the support member is surely formed between the counter resin film and the substrate-side resin film. In addition, the light of the third wavelength is relatively easily transmitted through the protective resin film and the light-transmissive substrate that have already been formed. On the other hand, inside the protective resin film in the mixture film,
Since it is easily absorbed in the vicinity of the substrate side, the first resin film can be easily formed inside the protective resin film, and the substrate side resin film can be easily formed on the substrate side of the mixture film. .

The invention of claim 42 is the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 41, wherein the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid further contains a polymerization initiator or a sensitizer, and the protective resin film is formed. As the light having the first wavelength in the forming step, the light having a wavelength in the absorption region in the light absorption characteristics of the photosensitive prepolymer is used, and the mixture film is exposed under the condition of reciprocity law failure. As the light having a wavelength, a light having a wavelength longer than the absorption peak wavelength in the absorption characteristics of the polymerization initiator or the sensitizer is used, and the mixture film is exposed under the reciprocity rule, and the first resin film forming step and As the light of the third wavelength in the second resin film forming step, the long wavelength side end of the absorption region in the light absorption characteristics of the photosensitive prepolymer and the light absorption characteristics of the polymerization initiator or the sensitizer are detected. Using light of wavelength between the absorption peak wavelength that, and performs exposure of mixture films under conditions of reciprocity failure.

As a result, the light of the first wavelength is less likely to pass through the mixture film, is substantially absorbed near the surface of the mixture film, and the photosensitive polymer is polymerized and cured under the condition of reciprocity law failure. It is possible to easily form a protective resin film selectively on the surface of the mixture film, and the light of the second wavelength easily reaches the portion of the mixture film near the substrate.
It is possible to easily and reliably form the support member between the first resin film and the substrate-side resin film under the condition of the reciprocity law, and the light of the third wavelength is applied to the already formed protective resin. It is relatively easy to pass through a film or a light-transmissive substrate, while it is easily absorbed inside the protective resin film or near the substrate side in the mixture film, and the photosensitive polymer is polymerized and cured under the condition of reciprocity law failure. The first resin film can be easily formed inside the protective resin film, and the substrate-side resin film can be easily formed on the substrate side of the mixture film.

According to the invention of claim 43 or 44, claim 3
A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to any one of 5 to 42,
As the liquid crystal, a nematic liquid crystal, more specifically,
It is characterized by including a tolan-type nematic liquid crystal.

Thus, the photosensitive prepolymer and the liquid crystal are easily phase-separated by the exposure of the mixture film, and the photosensitive prepolymer can be easily polymerized and cured to form the opposing resin film or the substrate-side resin film. At the same time, a liquid crystal display device having stable operation can be manufactured by using the liquid crystal that is easily available.

The invention of claim 45 or 46 is based on claim 4.
2. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to 2, wherein the photopolymerization initiator or the sensitizer is a benzoyl compound, more specifically 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1-. It is characterized by using ON.

As a result, the polymerization and curing of the photosensitive prepolymer can be efficiently performed, so that the curing speed of the photosensitive prepolymer can be increased and the manufacturing process can be further simplified.

The invention of claim 47 is the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 42, wherein the photosensitive prepolymer includes a polyester acrylate-based substance, and the liquid crystal is a tolan-based nematic liquid crystal. In addition, the mixture film further contains 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one, and the far-ultraviolet ray having a wavelength of 254 nm is used as the light having the first wavelength. Ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 365 nm are used as the light having the second wavelength, and ultraviolet rays having a wavelength of 313 nm are used as the light having the third wavelength.

As a result, the light of the first wavelength is less likely to pass through the mixture film, is absorbed substantially near the surface of the mixture film, and the photosensitive polymer is polymerized and cured under the condition of reciprocity law failure. It is possible to easily form a protective resin film selectively on the surface of the mixture film, and the light of the second wavelength easily reaches the portion of the mixture film near the substrate.
It is possible to easily and reliably form the support member between the first resin film and the substrate-side resin film under the condition of the reciprocity law, and the light of the third wavelength is applied to the already formed protective resin. It is relatively easy to pass through a film or a light-transmissive substrate, while it is easily absorbed inside the protective resin film or near the substrate side in the mixture film, and the photosensitive polymer is polymerized and cured under the condition of reciprocity law failure. The first resin film can be easily formed inside the protective resin film, and the substrate-side resin film can be easily formed on the substrate side of the mixture film.

The invention of claim 48 is based on claims 35 to 37.
The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to (4) further includes a counter electrode forming step of forming a counter electrode on a side of the counter resin film opposite to the liquid crystal layer.

As a result, it is possible to manufacture a light and thin liquid crystal display device such as a twisted nematic mode and a homeotropic mode.

The invention of claim 49 is the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 48, wherein the counter electrode forming step comprises:
It is a step of forming the counter electrode by forming a transparent conductive film on the opposite side of the liquid crystal layer of the counter resin film, and further, before or after the counter electrode forming step, on the counter resin film or The method is characterized by including a step of forming a color filter on the counter electrode.

As a result, it is possible to manufacture a transmission type liquid crystal display device such as a twisted nematic mode or a homeotropic mode which is lightweight and thin and can display colors.

The invention of claim 50 is the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 48, wherein the counter electrode forming step comprises:
In the step of forming the counter electrode by forming a light reflection film on the side of the counter resin film opposite to the liquid crystal layer, further, on the counter resin film before the counter electrode forming step. The method is characterized by having a step of forming a color filter.

As a result, it is possible to manufacture a reflective liquid crystal display device such as a twisted nematic mode or a homeotropic mode which is lightweight and thin and can display colors.

The invention of claim 51 is the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 35 to 37, further comprising the step of forming a common electrode on the substrate.

As a result, a lightweight and thin in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device can be manufactured.

The invention of claim 52 is the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 51, wherein the exposure with the light of the third wavelength in the first resin film forming step and the substrate side resin film forming step comprises: At least one of the first resin film forming step and the substrate-side resin film forming step is characterized by being performed via a polarizing plate.

As a result, the molecules of the first resin film and the substrate-side resin film are polymerized with the directionality in the polarization direction of the polarizing plate, so that the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are oriented in a predetermined direction in the non-applied state. It will be in a state of being. Therefore, it becomes easy to control the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer by applying an electric field, and it is possible to manufacture an in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device which is lightweight, thin, and has good display characteristics.

The fifty-third aspect of the invention is the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the fifty-first aspect, further comprising a color filter forming step of forming a color filter on the counter resin film.

As a result, it is possible to manufacture an in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device which is lightweight, thin and capable of color display.

The invention of claim 54 is the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 53, further comprising a transparent electrode on the counter resin film or on the color filter before or after the step of forming the color filter. Is characterized by having a step of forming.

As a result, the light-weight and thin color display is possible, and since the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is not easily affected by static electricity even when the opposing resin film is thin, the in-plane switching type excellent in alignment stability can be obtained. A liquid crystal display device can be manufactured.

The fifty-fifth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the fifty-third aspect, further comprising the step of forming a conductive light reflecting film on the color filter.

As a result, it is possible to manufacture an in-plane switching reflection type liquid crystal display device which is lightweight and thin and which can display colors.

A fifty-sixth aspect of the invention is a substrate-side resin film formed of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer, which is formed on the surface of a substrate having one of an image signal electrode and a scanning electrode, and Opposed to the substrate-side resin film, made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer, and the opposite resin film on which the other of the image signal electrode and the scanning electrode is formed,
A liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrate-side resin film and the counter resin film, wherein the substrate-side resin film, the liquid crystal layer, and the counter resin film are integrally formed. It is characterized by being formed in.

With the above structure, since the liquid crystal layer is sealed between the substrate-side resin film and the counter resin film formed on one substrate, the liquid crystal layer is sealed between the pair of substrates. The weight can be reduced as compared with the stopped liquid crystal display device. Moreover, since the substrate-side resin film, the liquid crystal layer, and the counter resin film are integrally formed, the substrate-side resin film, the liquid crystal layer, and the counter resin film have a structure in which they are in close contact with each other. No foreign matter such as dust or dust is present between the constituent members. In addition, the space between the resin film on the substrate side and the liquid crystal layer, and the space between the liquid crystal layer and the counter resin film is not wasted, and it is possible to form the thickness as thin as possible. The liquid crystal display device can be obtained.

The invention according to claim 57 is the liquid crystal display device according to claim 56, further comprising a color filter provided on the opposite resin film side of the second electrode or on the opposite side of the opposite resin film. It is characterized by being.

As a result, it is possible to obtain a simple matrix type liquid crystal display device which is lightweight, thin and capable of color display.

[0109]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION (Embodiment 1) As Embodiment 1 of the present invention, a transmission type twisted nematic (TN) type liquid crystal display driven by a thin film transistor (TFT) using a resin / liquid crystal forming body. An example of the device will be described.

This liquid crystal display device, as shown in FIG.
On the glass substrate 21, a substrate-side resin film 27, a partition-shaped support member 22, and a film-shaped counter resin film 23 supported by the support member 22 and having a film thickness of about 1.6 μm are provided. A liquid crystal layer 24 in which a liquid crystal is sealed is formed between the resin film 27 and the counter resin film 23. A thin film transistor (TFT) 25 and a pixel electrode 26 made of a transparent conductive film of indium tin oxide (ITO) are formed on the glass substrate 21. Further, on the counter resin film 23, a counter electrode 28 made of a transparent conductive film of ITO having a sheet resistance of 100 to 50 ohm / □,
Further, a color mosaic filter 29 including a minute filter group of red (R) green (G) blue (B) is provided. Further, polarizing plates 30 and 30 are installed on the outer sides of the glass substrate 21 and the color mosaic filter 29, respectively.

The support member 22, the counter resin film 23, the liquid crystal layer 24, and the substrate-side resin film (second resin film) 27 are integrally formed to form a resin / liquid crystal forming body. The member 22, the counter resin film 23, and the substrate-side resin film 27 are integrally formed by photopolymerizing a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer that is a photosensitive prepolymer by irradiation with ultraviolet rays. More specifically, the counter resin film 23 is a protective resin film 23 formed by irradiation with ultraviolet rays.
a and the protective resin film 23a after the protective resin film 23a is formed.
And a first resin film 23b formed by irradiation of ultraviolet rays through The first resin film 23b
And, when the ultraviolet rays for forming the substrate-side resin film 27 are irradiated, the first resin film 23b and the substrate-side resin film 27 are provided with orientation by using ultraviolet rays polarized in predetermined directions, respectively. TN in which liquid crystal molecules are twisted by 90 ° between the first resin film 23b and the substrate-side resin film 27.
Type liquid crystal display device.

Next, a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display device will be described.

(1) As shown in FIG. 2A, the thin film transistor 25 and the pixel electrode 2 are formed on the glass substrate 21.
6 is formed.

(2) As shown in FIG. 2B, the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 is applied to the surface of the glass substrate 21 using a spinner to a film thickness of about 6 μm. The liquid crystal prepolymer mixed solution 31 is specifically a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer which is a photosensitive prepolymer, and a polymerization initiator or a sensitizer for improving the reactivity of the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer. It is a mixture of nematic liquid crystal. More specifically, for example, (a) polyfunctional polyester acrylate (manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.): 30%, (b) Irgacure 651 (manufactured by Ciba Geigy): 2
%, (Benzoyl-based 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1-one), (c) Tolan-based nematic liquid crystal (KT450: manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.): 68% is there. The materials and mixing ratio of the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 are not limited to the above. For example, the mixing ratio of the polyfunctional polyester acrylate may be set according to the film thickness of the opposing resin film 23 and the substrate-side resin film 27 to be formed. Depending on the mixing ratio and the like, the liquid crystal may not necessarily be dispersed in the mixture, but may be a homogeneous mixture.

Here, the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 is used.
Indicates a visible-ultraviolet spectral absorption characteristic (absorption characteristic) as shown in FIG. 6, for example. As shown in the figure, the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 has an absorption region having an extremely large absorbance for light having a wavelength of about 300 nm or less. In addition, in the figure, the solid line and the broken line respectively show the absorption characteristics before and after the polymerization.

(3) Next, as shown in FIG.
A first light having a wavelength of 254 nm and an intensity of 5 mW / cm 2 was applied to the entire surface of the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 by 30
Exposure to about 0 mJ / cm 2 was performed to polymerize and cure the polyester acrylate in the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 in the vicinity of the surface of the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 to give a film thickness of 1.
A protective resin film 23a having a thickness of 5 μm is formed.

Here, the wavelength of the first light (254n
m) is located in the absorption region (shorter wavelength side than the long wavelength side end of the absorption region) in the light absorption characteristics of the polyfunctional polyester acrylate-based substance. Therefore, the first light does not substantially pass through the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 and is absorbed near the surface thereof. Further, since the intensity of the first light is extremely weak (under the condition of reciprocity law failure), the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31
In the vicinity of the surface of, the polyester acrylate in the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 is phase-separated and selectively polymerized and cured to form the protective resin film 23a as described above.

(4) Next, as shown in FIG. 3D, a photomask 51 having a lattice-shaped gap 51a of about 5 μm corresponding to the position where the supporting member 22 is formed is formed. Of the second light having a wavelength of 365 nm and a sufficiently large intensity that meets the reciprocity law conditions while being aligned with the protective resin film 23a of FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 3E, the support member 22 is formed at the position of the gap 51 a of the photomask 51.

The wavelength of the second light (365 nm) is in a wavelength range longer than the absorption peak wavelength (335 nm) in the absorption characteristic of the polymerization initiator (2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one). Since the second light is transmitted through the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31, the polyester acrylate in the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 extends in the thickness direction, that is, from the protective resin film 23a to the substrate 21. Polymerize and cure between. As a result, the partition-shaped support member 22 formed by polymerizing and curing the polyester acrylate is formed. Moreover, since the second light is light of high intensity, the polymerization is performed in a relatively short time. In addition,
When the polymerization is performed in such a short time, the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 is held in the supporting member 22 in a dispersed state, but this does not particularly affect the display operation of the liquid crystal display device. .

Instead of the photomask 51 having the grid-shaped gaps 51a, a photomask having a plurality of openings of several μm square may be used to form the columnar support member.

(5) Further, as shown in FIG.
From the glass substrate 21 side through the polarizing plate 52, the wavelength is 3
5 nm with a third light of 13 nm and an intensity of 0.5 mW / cm2
The substrate-side resin film 2 having a film thickness of about 0.2 μm is exposed on the protective resin film 23a side of the glass substrate 21 by exposure to about 00 mJ / cm2.
Form 7.

(6) Further, as shown in FIG.
The wavelength is 313 nm and the intensity is 0.5 mW / c over the entire surface of the liquid crystal prepolymer mixture through the polarizing plate 52 '.
With a third light of m2, expose about 800 mJ / cm2,
The thickness of the protective resin film 23a on the glass substrate 21 side is about 0.
The liquid crystal layer 24 is formed by the liquid crystal remaining in the liquid crystal prepolymer mixture while forming the 1 μm first resin film 23b.
To form.

The wavelength of the third light (313 nm) is the absorption peak wavelength in the absorption characteristic of the polymerization initiator and the long wavelength side end of the absorption region in the absorption characteristic of the polyester acrylate-based photopolymerizable substance (in FIG. 6). (Absorption area edge)
The third light is located between the protective resin film 23a (polymerized and cured polyester acrylate) and the glass substrate 21.
Liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 3
Since 1 (uncured polyester acrylate) has a property of not permeating much, liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31
Is absorbed near the surface of. Further, since the third light has a very weak intensity (condition of reciprocity law failure) like the first light, the polyester acrylate in the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 is phase-separated to form a protective resin. Polymerization and curing occur near the lower surface of the film 23a, and the first resin film 23 is formed as described above.
b is formed. Further, similarly, the substrate-side resin film 27 is formed on the liquid crystal layer 24 side of the glass substrate 21. Also,
The liquid crystal layer 24 is obtained by polymerizing and curing all the polyester acrylates in the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31.
A relatively high-purity liquid crystal is sealed between the first resin film 23b and the substrate-side resin film 27.

Here, since the exposure is performed through the polarizing plates 52 and 52 ', the molecules of the polyester acrylate are polymerized in a directional manner, so that the first resin film 2 is formed.
3b and the substrate-side resin film 27 have a function as an alignment film for aligning liquid crystal molecules near the surface thereof in the polarization directions of the polarizing plates 52 and 52 ′. Therefore, the polarizing plate 52
And the polarization direction of the polarizing plate 52 ′ are set to form an angle of 90 °, for example, so that the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules is 90 ° between the first resin film 23b and the substrate-side resin film 27.
A twisted TN liquid crystal cell structure is formed. In addition,
It is also possible to perform the steps (5) and (6) in the reverse order. That is, the wavelength of 313 nm and the intensity of 0.
Exposure to about 500 mJ / cm2 with a third light of 5 mW / cm2 is performed to form a first resin film 23b having a thickness of about 0.1 μm on the glass substrate 21 side of the protective resin film 23a, and then polarization The glass substrate 21 is exposed through the plate 52 from the glass substrate 21 side with a third light having a wavelength of 313 nm and an intensity of 0.5 mW / cm 2 for about 800 mJ / cm 2.
It is also possible to form the substrate-side resin film 27 having a film thickness of about 0.2 μm on the opposing resin film 23 side.

As described above, when a prepolymer having a high transmittance of light of a predetermined wavelength after polymerization and curing is used, the first resin film 23b can be formed particularly efficiently. Even when a material whose transmittance does not change significantly before and after the polymerization is used, if the third light is irradiated with light having a wavelength that can pass through the protective resin film 23a to some extent, the first resin film is similarly formed. 23b can be formed.

(7) Next, as shown in FIG.
A transparent conductive film of ITO (sheet resistance 1
The counter electrode 28 is formed by vapor-depositing 0 to 50 ohm / □, and the red, green, and blue color mosaic filter 29 is formed on the counter electrode 28 by a known method. A color mosaic filter 29 is formed on the opposing resin film 23,
The counter electrode 28 may be formed on the color mosaic filter 29. Further, the color mosaic filter 29 may be formed on the glass substrate 21 in advance, and then the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 may be applied.

(8) In this state, the polarizing plate 3 is provided outside the glass substrate 21 and the color mosaic filter 29.
By providing 0 and 30, the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 1 can be obtained.

The protective resin film 23a as described above is
Although not necessarily formed, since the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 is protected by the protective resin film 23a and the glass substrate 21 by forming this, for example,
A photomask or a polarizing plate can be overlaid on the protective resin film 23a for exposure, and at that time, no unevenness is formed on the surface of the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31. Further, the first resin film 23b and the substrate-side resin film 2
7 does not need to be formed by polymerizing and curing so that the molecules have directionality by the exposure of polarized light, but both the first resin film 23b and the substrate-side resin film 27 have an alignment function. If so, the alignment stability of liquid crystal molecules is enhanced.

The counter resin film 23 may be formed after the support member 22 is formed. However, as described above, it is usually better to form the counter resin film before the unevenness of the counter resin film. It can be kept small. In addition, (3)
When the step (4) is performed in the reverse order, it is necessary to perform proximity exposure or projection exposure for mask alignment in the step (4).

The support member 22 is formed by polymerizing and curing the polyester acrylate in the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed solution 31 as described above, and is previously known before the application of the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed solution 31. Printing of
It may be formed by lithography, exposure of resist, and development. In this case, of course, the step (4) is unnecessary.

Furthermore, the liquid crystal layer 2 is formed by another spacer or the like.
When the thickness of 4 is kept constant, the support member 22 does not necessarily have to be formed as described above.

Further, before or in place of the exposure of the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31, the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 3 is used.
A protective resin film may be formed by contacting the surface of 1 with a substance that accelerates the polymerization of the prepolymer, such as an amine activator.

(Second Embodiment) In the first embodiment,
An example of constructing a transmissive TN type liquid crystal display device has been shown.
Not limited to this, for example, as shown in FIG.
3 is formed on the color mosaic filter 29, metal aluminum is used as a main component on the color mosaic filter 29 as a counter electrode (for example, aluminum is 9
8%, 2% silicon) and a film thickness of about 1 μm 4
By depositing 1 to form a reflective TN liquid crystal display device. Further, in order to form a reflective TN liquid crystal display device, a reflective film may be formed on the outer side of the glass substrate 21.

(Third Embodiment) As shown in FIG. 8, a pixel electrode 42 and a common electrode (counter electrode) 4 are formed on a glass substrate 21.
3 are provided, and transparent in-plane switching (I
A PS) type liquid crystal display device may be configured. In this case, the first resin film 23b does not necessarily need to have the alignment function by exposure to polarized light, but if the first resin film 23b has the alignment function, the alignment stability of the liquid crystal molecules is enhanced. Further, since the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled by the electric field formed between the pixel electrode 42 and the common electrode 43, it is not necessary to provide the counter electrode on the surface of the counter resin film 23 as described above, but the counter electrode is provided. If a transparent electrode 44 having a sheet resistance of about 100 to 50 ohm / □ is formed on the color mosaic filter 29 or the counter resin film 23 by vapor deposition or the like, liquid crystal molecules can be formed even if the counter resin film 23 is thin. It is possible to obtain an IPS-type liquid crystal display device in which the alignment is hardly affected by static electricity and the alignment stability is excellent.

(Embodiment 4) Instead of the transparent electrode 44 of Embodiment 3, a reflection film 41 similar to that of Embodiment 2 can be provided as shown in FIG. This makes it possible to configure a reflective IPS liquid crystal display device.

In the above first to fourth embodiments,
Although the example of the liquid crystal display device driven by the TFT is shown, the invention is not limited to this, and the scanning signal line and the image signal line are provided on both sides of the liquid crystal layer 24, that is, on the glass substrate 21 and the opposing resin film 2.
3 may be provided on the upper surface of the liquid crystal display device 3 to form a simple matrix driven liquid crystal display device. In addition, the color mosaic filter 2
9 may not be provided and a monochrome liquid crystal display device may be configured.

(Embodiment 5) A blind glass or a liquid crystal shutter (hereinafter referred to as "blind glass") having a dimming function by uniformly controlling the orientation of liquid crystal by using a resin / liquid crystal forming body, This will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 10, the blind glass is integrally formed between a pair of glass substrates 21 and 61 and a control electrode 62 over the entire surface of the glass substrate 21, as in the first embodiment. The substrate-side resin film 27, the liquid crystal layer 24, and the counter resin film 23, which form the resin / liquid crystal forming body,
And a counter electrode 28 is provided. On the other hand, although the support member 22 as in the first embodiment is not provided, the liquid crystal is sealed by the seal member in the peripheral portions (not shown) of the glass substrates 21 and 61, and
The distance between the glass substrates 21 and 61 is kept constant.

Next, a method of manufacturing the above-mentioned blind glass will be described.

(11) By the same process as the formation of the pixel electrode 26 in the first embodiment, the glass substrate 21 is
A control electrode 62 made of an ITO film is formed on the entire surface.

(12) In the same manner as (2) of Embodiment 1, the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 is applied using a spinner.

(13) In the same manner as in (3) of Embodiment 1, over the entire surface of the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31,
The liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 3 was exposed in the vicinity of the surface of the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 by exposing the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 with the first light having a wavelength of 254 nm and an intensity of 5 mW / cm2 for about 300 mJ / cm2.
The polyester acrylate in 1 is polymerized and cured to form the protective resin film 23a.

(14) Similar to (5) of the first embodiment, 500 mJ / cm 2 from the glass substrate 21 side with the third light having a wavelength of 313 nm and an intensity of 0.5 mW / cm 2.
The substrate side resin film 27 is formed on the glass substrate 21 by exposing about 2 times.

(15) In the same manner as in (6) of the first embodiment, the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 has a wavelength of 313n.
800 m with the third light of m, intensity 0.5 mW / cm2
The first resin film 23b is formed on the glass substrate 21 side of the protective resin film 23a by exposing it to about J / cm2, and
The liquid crystal remaining in the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid 31 forms the liquid crystal layer 24. In this way, since the liquid crystal layer 24 can be formed without injecting liquid crystal, it is possible to easily manufacture even a large area such as blind glass.

(16) The counter electrode 28 is formed in the same manner as (7) in the first embodiment.

(17) The glass substrate 6 is formed on the counter electrode 28.
Stick 1 together.

(18) By providing the polarizing plates 30 and 30 on both sides of the glass substrates 21 and 61, the blind glass shown in FIG. 10 can be obtained.

In the fifth embodiment as well, the support member 22 may be provided as in the first embodiment. In this case, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 24 can be easily kept constant without providing the glass substrate 61.

Further, instead of the glass substrate 61, a protective film or a resin substrate may be provided, or the counter resin film 23 may be formed to have a thickness having sufficient strength and rigidity.

When the orientation of the liquid crystal is controlled not by the electric field but by light or temperature,
It is not necessary to provide the control electrode 62 and the counter electrode 28.

[0151]

The present invention is carried out in the form as described above, and has the following effects.

That is, the first resin film, the second resin film facing the first resin film, and the liquid crystal layer sealed between the first and second resin films are integrally formed. Resin formed on
The liquid crystal forming body has a structure in which the liquid crystal forming bodies are in close contact with each other, and foreign matters such as dust and dust are not present between the respective constituent members. Therefore, the space inside the resin / liquid crystal forming body is not wasted,
Therefore, it is possible to make the thickness as thin as possible to the limit, and it is possible to reduce the weight and thickness of the resin / liquid crystal forming body. When the resin / liquid crystal forming body is applied to a liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal display device has a structure in which a liquid crystal layer is sealed between a substrate-side resin film formed on one substrate and a counter resin film. Therefore, weight reduction can be achieved as compared with a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sealed between a pair of substrates. Further, it is possible to form the thickness as thin as possible to the limit, and it is possible to obtain a lightweight and thin liquid crystal display device.

Further, the mixture film containing the photosensitive prepolymer and liquid crystal is exposed to light to selectively polymerize and cure the photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film, and the first resin film is formed on the surface of the mixture film. To form a second resin film on the substrate side of the mixture film, and further, a liquid crystal left after the photosensitive prepolymer is polymerized and cured between the first resin film and the second resin film. By forming the liquid crystal layer by using the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal layer can be formed without requiring a liquid crystal injecting step, and manufacturing efficiency can be improved. Then, the first and second resin films are formed by polymerizing and curing by exposure to polarized light,
Since the first and second resin films have a liquid crystal orientation capable of orienting liquid crystal molecules in a predetermined direction, there is no need to perform rubbing treatment, the production efficiency can be improved, and the production process can be simplified. Also, the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a transmissive TN type liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing visible-ultraviolet spectral absorption characteristics of the liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid of the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a reflective TN type liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a transmissive IPS type liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of a reflective IPS type liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of the blind glass according to the fifth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

21,61 glass substrate 22 Support member 23 Opposing resin film 23a Protective resin film 23b First resin film 24 Liquid crystal layer 25 thin film transistor 26 pixel electrodes 27 Substrate side resin film (second resin film) 28 Counter electrode 29 Color Mosaic Filter 30 Polarizer 31 Liquid crystal prepolymer mixture 41 Reflective film 42 pixel electrode 43 Common electrode (counter electrode) 44 Transparent electrode 51 photo mask 51a gap 52 Polarizer 62 control electrode

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G02F 1/1333 500

Claims (57)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first resin film, A second resin film facing the first resin film; A liquid crystal layer sealed between the first and second resin films, A resin / liquid crystal forming body formed by integrally forming. 2. The resin / liquid crystal forming body according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the first resin film and the second resin film has a liquid crystal alignment property capable of aligning liquid crystal molecules in a predetermined direction. . 3. The resin according to claim 1, wherein the first resin film and the second resin film are formed of a resin having the same composition, which is obtained by polymerizing and curing a photosensitive prepolymer by exposure. -Liquid crystal forming body. 4. The resin / liquid crystal forming body further has a supporting member integrally formed with the first and second resin films, and the distance between the first resin film and the second resin film is the same. The resin / liquid crystal formed body according to claim 3, which is uniformly supported by a support member. 5. The resin / liquid crystal formed body according to claim 1, wherein the resin forming the first and second resin films is a polyester acrylate resin. 6. The liquid crystal layer includes a nematic liquid crystal,
The resin / liquid crystal formed body according to claim 1. 7. The resin / liquid crystal formed body according to claim 6, wherein the nematic liquid crystal is a tolan-based nematic liquid crystal. 8. A first resin film, a second resin film facing the first resin film, and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the first and second resin films. A manufacturing method for integrally forming a resin / liquid crystal forming body, which comprises applying a mixed liquid containing a photosensitive prepolymer and liquid crystal to the surface of a light-transmissive substrate, and mixing the mixed liquid on the substrate surface. A step of forming a body film, the surface of the mixture film, by exposing to a surface having a wavelength and light intensity capable of selectively polymerizing and curing only the surface layer of the mixture film, By forming the first resin film and pressing the liquid crystal in the portion toward the substrate, the first resin film forming step, and exposing through the substrate from the back side of the substrate,
The photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film is polymerized and cured to form a second resin film facing the first resin film on the substrate side, and the phase-separated liquid crystal is separated from the first resin film by the first resin film. And a second resin film forming step, which is arranged between the second resin film and the second resin film. 9. A first resin film, a second resin film facing the first resin film, and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the first and second resin films. A method of integrally forming a resin / liquid crystal forming body, comprising applying a liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid containing a photosensitive prepolymer and a liquid crystal to a surface of a light-transmissive substrate, and mixing the mixture on the surface of the substrate. A step of forming a mixture film made of a liquid, and exposing the surface of the mixture film to light having a first wavelength that does not substantially pass through the mixture film to selectively select a photosensitive prepolymer in the vicinity of the surface of the mixture film. A step of forming a protective resin film on the surface layer of the mixture film by polymerizing and curing the liquid crystal in the portion toward the substrate side, and a step of forming a protective resin film on the mixture film from the back side of the substrate through the substrate. By exposing to light of 3 wavelengths, the photosensitive prepolymer existing in the vicinity of the substrate surface is selectively superposed. A second resin film forming step of curing and forming a second resin film on the substrate surface side, and pushing the liquid crystal in the portion toward the protective resin film side, and a mixture from the protective resin film side through the protective resin film. The film is exposed to light having a third wavelength to polymerize and cure the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film to form a first resin film integrated with the protective resin film inside the protective resin film. With
A first resin film forming step of arranging phase-separated liquid crystal between a first resin film and a second resin film. 10. A first resin film, a second resin film facing the first resin film, a liquid crystal layer sealed between the first and second resin films, and a first resin film. A manufacturing method of integrally forming a resin / liquid crystal forming body having a support member that supports a film and a second resin film at a constant interval, wherein at least the surface of a light-transmissive substrate is at least formed. A step of applying a liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid containing a photosensitive prepolymer and liquid crystal to form a mixed film made of the mixed liquid on a substrate surface; and a first wavelength that does not substantially pass through the mixed film. Is exposed to the surface of the mixture film, the liquid crystal existing near the surface of the mixture film is pushed toward the substrate side, and the photosensitive prepolymer in the vicinity of the surface of the mixture film is selectively polymerized and cured to cause the mixture. A protective resin film forming step of forming a protective resin film on the surface of the body film, and a desired outer surface of the protective resin film. Stacking pattern masks, exposing the mixture film with light of a second wavelength through the masks to form a supporting member formed by polymerizing and curing a photosensitive prepolymer into a desired shape; and the backside of the substrate. Through the polarizing plate and the substrate, the surface layer on the substrate surface side of the mixture film is exposed to light of the third wavelength, and the photosensitive prepolymer in the surface layer is selectively polymerized and cured to form the second resin film. And a second resin film forming step of pushing the liquid crystal existing in the surface layer toward the protective resin film side, and a polarizing plate is laid on the protective resin film, and the mixture film is formed through the polarizing plate and the protective resin film. Is exposed to light of a third wavelength to polymerize and cure the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film to form a first resin film integrated with the protective resin film inside the protective resin film. , The phase-separated liquid crystal between the first resin film and the second resin film A first resin film forming step of arranging, and a method of manufacturing a resin / liquid crystal forming body, comprising: 11. The light having a wavelength within the absorption region in the light absorption characteristics of the photosensitive prepolymer is used as the light having the first wavelength, and the light having the third wavelength has an absorbance with respect to the photosensitive prepolymer. The method for producing a resin / liquid crystal formed body according to claim 9, wherein light having a wavelength smaller than the light having the first wavelength is used. 12. The method for producing a resin / liquid crystal formed body according to claim 11, wherein the exposure of the light having the first and third wavelengths is performed under the condition of reciprocity law failure. 13. The resin / liquid crystal forming body according to claim 12, wherein the photosensitive prepolymer contains a polyester acrylate-based compound, and the light having the first wavelength is deep ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm. Production method. 14. The light having a wavelength within an absorption region in the light absorption characteristic of the photosensitive prepolymer is used as the light having the first wavelength, and the light having the second wavelength has an absorbance with respect to the photosensitive prepolymer. The light having a wavelength smaller than the light having the first wavelength is used, and the light having the third wavelength has the absorbance smaller than the light having the first wavelength and larger than the light having the second wavelength. The method for producing a resin / liquid crystal formed body according to claim 10, wherein light having a wavelength is used. 15. The liquid crystal prepolymer mixed solution further contains a polymerization initiator or a sensitizer, and in the light absorption characteristic of the photosensitive prepolymer as light of the first wavelength in the protective resin film forming step. Using light having a wavelength in the absorption region, and performing exposure to the mixture film under conditions of reciprocity law failure, as the light of the second wavelength, from the absorption peak wavelength in the absorption characteristics of the polymerization initiator or sensitizer The photosensitive prepolymer is used as light having a third wavelength in the first resin film forming step and the second resin film forming step by using light of a long wavelength and exposing the mixture film under reciprocity conditions. Exposure to the mixture film using light having a wavelength between the long-wavelength side end of the absorption region in the absorption characteristics of the polymer and the absorption peak wavelength in the absorption characteristics of the polymerization initiator or the sensitizer. Under the conditions of reciprocity, the resin-according to claim 14
Method for manufacturing liquid crystal forming body. 16. The method for producing a resin / liquid crystal formed body according to claim 9, wherein a nematic liquid crystal is used as the liquid crystal. 17. The resin according to claim 16, wherein a tolan-based nematic liquid crystal is used as the nematic liquid crystal.
Method for manufacturing liquid crystal forming body. 18. The photopolymerization initiator or sensitizer,
The method for producing a resin / liquid crystal formed body according to claim 15, wherein a benzoyl compound is used. 19. The benzoyl-based compound is 2,
The method for producing a resin / liquid crystal formed body according to claim 18, wherein 2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one is used. 20. The photosensitive prepolymer includes a polyester acrylate-based material, the liquid crystal includes a tolan-based nematic liquid crystal, and the mixture film further includes 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-.
Along with diphenylethan-1-one, as the light of the first wavelength, far-ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm is used, as the light of the second wavelength, ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 365 nm is used, and the third wavelength 16. The method for producing a resin / liquid crystal formed body according to claim 15, wherein ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 313 nm is used as the light. 21. A substrate-side resin film formed of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer, which is formed on the surface of a substrate having at least a pixel electrode and a switching element connected to the pixel electrode, and the substrate-side resin film. And a liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrate-side resin film and the counter resin film, the liquid crystal display device being opposed to the counter resin film made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer. Then, the substrate-side resin film, the liquid crystal layer, and the counter resin film,
A liquid crystal display device, which is formed integrally. 22. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 21, wherein a supporting member integrally formed with both the resin films is disposed between the substrate-side resin film and the counter resin film. . 23. The substrate-side resin film and the counter resin film,
23. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 21, which contains a polyester acrylate compound. 24. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 21, wherein the liquid crystal layer contains nematic liquid crystal. 25. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 24, wherein the nematic liquid crystal includes a tolan-based nematic liquid crystal. 26. At least one of the facing resin film and the substrate-side resin film is formed by polymerizing and curing a photosensitive prepolymer so that molecules have directionality by exposure to polarized light. 23. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 21, wherein a counter electrode is formed on a side of the resin film opposite to the liquid crystal layer. 27. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 26, wherein a color filter is provided on a side of the counter resin film opposite to the liquid crystal layer. 28. The counter electrode is formed of a transparent conductive film, and the counter electrode is provided between the counter resin film and the color filter or on a side of the color filter opposite to the counter resin film. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 27, wherein the liquid crystal display device is provided. 29. The counter electrode is formed of a material that reflects light, and the color filter is provided between the counter resin film and the counter electrode. The liquid crystal display device according to item 1. 30. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 21, wherein a common electrode is further formed on the substrate. 31. At least one of the opposing resin film and the substrate-side resin film is formed by polymerizing and curing a photosensitive prepolymer so that the molecules have directionality by exposure to polarized light. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 30. 32. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 30, wherein a color filter is provided on a side of the counter resin film opposite to the liquid crystal layer. 33. An electrode formed of a transparent conductive film is provided between the counter resin film and the color filter, or on the side of the color filter opposite to the counter resin film. Item 32. A liquid crystal display device. 34. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 32, wherein an electrode made of a material that reflects light is provided on the side of the color filter opposite to the opposite resin film. 35. A substrate-side resin film made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer formed on the surface of a light-transmissive substrate having a pixel electrode and a switching element connected to the pixel electrode, and the substrate. The opposing resin film, which is arranged opposite to the side resin film and is made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer, and the liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrate side resin film and the opposing resin film, are integrally formed. A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device formed, comprising: a step of forming the pixel electrode and the switching element on the light-transmissive substrate; and the pixel electrode and a switching element connected to the pixel electrode. On the surface of the substrate having a step of applying a mixed solution containing a photosensitive prepolymer and a liquid crystal to form a mixed film made of the mixed solution on the surface of the substrate; Only the surface Opposing resin film forming step of forming an opposing resin film on the surface layer of the mixture film by exposing to light having a wavelength and a light intensity capable of being selectively polymerized and cured and pushing the liquid crystal of the portion toward the substrate side By exposing through the substrate from the back side of the substrate,
The photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film is polymerized and cured to form a substrate-side resin film facing the opposing resin film on the substrate side, and phase-separated liquid crystal is separated between the opposing resin film and the substrate-side resin film. And a substrate-side resin film forming step arranged between them, and a manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display device. 36. A substrate-side resin film made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer formed on the surface of a light-transmissive substrate having a pixel electrode and a switching element connected to the pixel electrode, and the substrate. The opposing resin film, which is arranged opposite to the side resin film and is made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer, and the liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrate side resin film and the opposing resin film, are integrally formed. A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device formed, comprising: a step of forming the pixel electrode and the switching element on the light-transmissive substrate; and the pixel electrode and a switching element connected to the pixel electrode. A step of applying a liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid containing a photosensitive prepolymer and liquid crystal on the surface of the substrate, and forming a mixed film made of the mixed liquid on the surface of the substrate; and substantially the mixed film Through Not exposed to light of the first wavelength on the surface of the mixture film, the photosensitive prepolymer in the vicinity of the surface of the mixture film is selectively polymerized and cured, and the liquid crystal in the relevant portion is pushed toward the substrate side, thereby A step of forming a protective resin film on the surface layer, and exposing the mixture film from the back side of the substrate through the substrate with light of a third wavelength to expose the photosensitive prepolymer present in the vicinity of the substrate surface. A substrate-side resin film forming step of selectively polymerizing and curing to form a substrate-side resin film on the substrate surface side, and pushing the liquid crystal in that portion toward the protective resin film side, and from the protective resin film side through the protective resin film To expose the mixture film with light having a third wavelength to polymerize and cure the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film, and the first resin film integrated with the protective resin film inside the protective resin film. And the opposing resin is formed by the protective resin film and the first resin film. Method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, characterized in that it comprises to form a film, and a first resin film formation step of placing between the liquid crystal phase separation the first resin film and the substrate-side resin film. 37. A substrate-side resin film formed of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer formed on the surface of a light-transmissive substrate having a pixel electrode and a switching element connected to the pixel electrode, and the substrate. The opposing resin film, which is arranged opposite to the side resin film and is made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer, and the liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrate side resin film and the opposing resin film, are integrally formed. A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device formed, comprising: a step of forming the pixel electrode and the switching element on the light-transmissive substrate; and the pixel electrode and a switching element connected to the pixel electrode. A step of applying a liquid crystal prepolymer mixed liquid containing a photosensitive prepolymer and liquid crystal on the surface of the substrate, and forming a mixed film made of the mixed liquid on the surface of the substrate; and substantially the mixed film Through Not exposed to light of the first wavelength on the surface of the mixed film, the liquid crystal existing near the surface of the mixed film is pushed toward the substrate side, and the photosensitive prepolymer near the surface of the mixed film is selectively polymerized. A protective resin film forming step of curing and forming a protective resin film on the surface of the mixture film, and a mask of a desired pattern is superposed on the outside of the protective resin film, and light of a second wavelength is passed through the mask. Exposing the mixture film to form a support member formed by polymerizing and curing the photosensitive prepolymer into a desired shape; and a surface layer on the substrate surface side of the mixture film from the back side of the substrate through the polarizing plate and the substrate. Is exposed to light of a third wavelength to selectively polymerize and cure the photosensitive prepolymer in the surface layer to form a substrate-side resin film on the substrate surface side and protect the liquid crystal present in the surface layer from the protective resin film. Substrate-side resin film forming step of pushing to the side, A polarizing plate is laminated on the oil film, the mixture film is exposed to light having a third wavelength through the polarizing plate and the protective resin film, and the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film is polymerized and cured to obtain the above-mentioned product. A first resin film integrated with the protective resin film is formed inside the protective resin film, an opposing resin film is formed by the protective resin film and the first resin film, and the phase-separated liquid crystal is separated into the first resin film. A first resin film forming step, which is arranged between the film and the substrate-side resin film, and a manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display device. 38. As the light of the first wavelength, light having a wavelength within the absorption region in the light absorption characteristics of the photosensitive prepolymer is used, and as the light of the third wavelength, the absorbance with respect to the photosensitive prepolymer is The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 36, wherein light having a wavelength smaller than that of the first wavelength is used. 39. The light exposure of the first and third wavelengths is performed under the condition of reciprocity law failure.
8. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to item 8. 40. The liquid crystal display according to claim 39, wherein the photosensitive prepolymer contains a polyester acrylate-based compound, and the light having the first wavelength is deep ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm. Device manufacturing method. 41. As the light of the first wavelength, light having a wavelength within an absorption region in the light absorption characteristics of the photosensitive prepolymer is used, and as the light of the second wavelength, the absorbance with respect to the photosensitive prepolymer is The light having a wavelength smaller than the light having the first wavelength is used, and the light having the third wavelength has the absorbance smaller than the light having the first wavelength and larger than the light having the second wavelength. 38. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 37, wherein light having a wavelength is used. 42. The liquid crystal prepolymer mixed solution further contains a polymerization initiator or a sensitizer, and the light absorption property of the photosensitive prepolymer as the light of the first wavelength in the protective resin film forming step. Using light having a wavelength in the absorption region, and performing exposure to the mixture film under conditions of reciprocity law failure, as the light of the second wavelength, from the absorption peak wavelength in the absorption characteristics of the polymerization initiator or sensitizer The photosensitive prepolymer is used as light having a third wavelength in the first resin film forming step and the second resin film forming step by using light of a long wavelength and exposing the mixture film under reciprocity conditions. Exposure to the mixture film using light having a wavelength between the long-wavelength side end of the absorption region in the absorption characteristics of the polymer and the absorption peak wavelength in the absorption characteristics of the polymerization initiator or the sensitizer. Claim 41, characterized in that under the conditions of reciprocity failure
A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to item 1. 43. The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 36, wherein a nematic liquid crystal is used as the liquid crystal. 44. The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 43, wherein the nematic liquid crystal includes a tolan-based nematic liquid crystal. 45. As the photopolymerization initiator or sensitizer,
5. A benzoyl compound is used.
2. The method for manufacturing the liquid crystal display device according to 2. 46. The benzoyl-based compound is 2,
The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 45, wherein 2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one is used. 47. The photosensitive prepolymer includes a polyester acrylate-based substance, the liquid crystal includes a tolan-based nematic liquid crystal, and the mixture film further includes 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-.
Along with diphenylethan-1-one, deep ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm is used as the light having the first wavelength, ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 365 nm is used as the light having the second wavelength, and the third wavelength is used. 43. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 42, wherein ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 313 nm is used as the light. 48. The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 35, further comprising a counter electrode forming step of forming a counter electrode on a side of the counter resin film opposite to the liquid crystal layer. 49. The counter electrode forming step is a step of forming the counter electrode by forming a transparent conductive film on a side of the counter resin film opposite to the liquid crystal layer, and further forming the counter electrode. 49. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 48, further comprising a step of forming a color filter on the counter resin film or on the counter electrode before or after the step. 50. The counter electrode forming step is a step of forming the counter electrode by forming a light reflection film on a side of the resin film opposite to the liquid crystal layer, and further forming the counter electrode. 49. The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 48, further comprising a step of forming a color filter on the resin film before the step. 51. The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 35, further comprising the step of forming a common electrode on the substrate. 52. Exposure by light of a third wavelength in the first resin film forming step and the substrate-side resin film forming step,
52. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 51, wherein at least one of the first resin film forming step and the substrate side resin film forming step is performed via a polarizing plate. 53. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 51, further comprising a color filter forming step of forming a color filter on the counter resin film. 54. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 53, further comprising a step of forming a transparent electrode on the counter resin film or on the color filter before or after the step of forming the color filter. Production method. 55. The method according to claim 53, further comprising the step of forming a conductive light reflecting film on the color filter.
A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to item 1. 56. A substrate-side resin film made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer, which is formed on the surface of a substrate having one of an image signal electrode and a scanning electrode, and the substrate-side resin film. Between the opposing resin film, which is made of a polymerized and cured product of a photosensitive prepolymer and is opposed to the other, of the image signal electrode and the scanning electrode, and between the substrate-side resin film and the opposing resin film. A liquid crystal layer sealed in, wherein the substrate-side resin film, the liquid crystal layer, and the counter resin film,
A liquid crystal display device, which is formed integrally. 57. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 56, wherein a color filter is provided on the counter resin film side of the second electrode or on the side opposite to the counter resin film.